• Transport phenomena is the study of transfers. (mit.edu)
  • In Biological Engineering, there are faculty studying the exclusion or passage of molecules through mucus barriers and other transport phenomena-related projects. (mit.edu)
  • Diffusion plays an integral role in biological processes such as respiration, the process by which organisms exchange gases with their environment. (jove.com)
  • Possible transport processes that can carry a contaminant away from its source. (cdc.gov)
  • Fate and transport are interdependent processes. (cdc.gov)
  • Various inhibitors including ouabain (a Na+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor), amiloride (a Na+ transport blocker), N-phenylanthranilic acid (a chloride transport inhibitor), bumetanide (an inhibitor of Na(+)-(K+)-Cl- cotransport process), and BaCl2 (a K+ channel blocker) were used on the mucosal and serosal sides of the tissue mounted in Ussing chambers to determine the involvement of the respective ion transport processes in the observed short-circuit current across the conjunctiva. (nih.gov)
  • Microfluidic systems are well-suited for studying mixed biological communities for improving industrial processes of fermentation, biofuel production, and pharmaceutical production. (springer.com)
  • Physical and biological processes in the coastal ocean are inextricably linked. (hereon.de)
  • Tight control of pH is necessary for most biological processes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • On the atomic scale level, we can describe these photo-chemical reactions, through a multitude of elementary processes occurring on the ultrafast time scale (from sub femtosecond to picosecond) where the initial energy/light harvesting process is followed by energy conversion and transport processes. (lu.se)
  • Despite the ever-increasing need to understand these energy conversion and transport processes in many fields of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, many challenges must be addressed due to the multiscale nature of the problem - from atomic to nanoscopic length and time scale. (lu.se)
  • Use this microscope for observing biological specimens, samples from nature, small parts, fabric samples, and many other possibilities. (khanscope.com)
  • Before the 20th century, biological warfare took three main forms: (1) deliberate poisoning of food and water with infectious or toxic material, (2) use of microorganisms or toxins in some form of weapon system, and (3) use of biologically inoculated fabrics. (medscape.com)
  • Biological warfare became more sophisticated against both animals and humans during the 20th century. (medscape.com)
  • The Life Sciences (Biological and Agricultural) Major provides a strong foundation in the basic biological sciences. (mcgill.ca)
  • Graduates with high academic achievement may go on to postgraduate studies in research, or professional programs in the biological, veterinary, medical, and health sciences fields. (mcgill.ca)
  • Virginia Tech biological sciences postdoctoral researcher Traci DuBose wants to ensure no frogs or toads land below conservationists' radar. (phys.org)
  • The Mechanisms of Biological Resilience (MBR) research group in the Department of Biology studies the compensatory mechanisms which living organisms and ecosystems employ to mitigate external stress and alleviate their adverse effects. (tamu.edu)
  • Overall, solutions to the diffusion equation for photon transport are more computationally efficient, but less accurate than Monte Carlo simulations. (wikipedia.org)
  • These assumptions lead to the diffusion theory (and diffusion equation) for photon transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2010, the European Union launched the Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Risk Mitigation Centres of Excellence . (fiiapp.org)
  • The added value of this European Union Initiative is to promote a holistic view of the risks and threats of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Risks that are sufficiently addressed separately despite numerous commonalities and to make available to participants an international resource of authorities and experts who meet regularly. (fiiapp.org)
  • While this guidance is generally focused on the initial response to potential biological threats, all personnel responding to such incidents must be aware of the potential for exposure to hazardous chemical and/or radiological materials in addition to biological hazards. (cdc.gov)
  • Any such letters/packages must also be evaluated by the HAZMAT unit for only a broad class of radiological and chemical threats prior to being released to law enforcement personnel for transport. (cdc.gov)
  • Elements are termed atmophile when their mass transport through the atmosphere is greater than that in streams. (taylorfrancis.com)
  • The objectives of this study were to determine if wildland fire smoke is an atmospheric source of viable microbes and biological INPs and estimate the scale of their emissions. (nature.com)
  • Binding, Transport and Storage of Metal Ions in Biological Cells, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. (rsc.org)
  • Attempts to use biological weapons date back to antiquity. (medscape.com)
  • There are numerous other instances of the use of plant toxins, venoms, and other poisonous substances to create biological weapons in antiquity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we present the derivation of a model broadly applicable to tissue engineering applications, characterised by cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition in porous scaffolds used within tissue culture systems, which we use to study coupling between fluid flow, nutrient transport and microscale tissue growth. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Not every site requires a comprehensive fate and transport analysis to categorize exposure pathways. (cdc.gov)
  • The potential spectrum of bioterrorism ranges from hoaxes and actual use of agents by individuals or groups against others, to state-sponsored terrorism that employs biological warfare (BW) agents and delivery systems that can produce mass casualties. (medscape.com)
  • While real biological systems often depend upon many diffusing things (lots of signaling factors for cell-cell communication, growth substrates, drugs, etc.), most solvers only scale well to simulating two or three. (mathcancer.org)
  • The results of which have the potential to resolve the underlying mechanisms of growth and transport in these complex branched living systems. (springer.com)
  • or use data science methods and tools to deduce information about biological systems. (nih.gov)
  • Of interest are development of computational and mathematical algorithms and tools, modeling techniques and approaches for understanding the complexity of biological systems, and utilization of big datasets and data science methods for model construction. (nih.gov)
  • Light is indisputably at the origin of life on earth, driving all photo-chemical reactions in atmosphere, biological systems, and "man-made" energy related materials. (lu.se)
  • Photon transport in biological tissue can be equivalently modeled numerically with Monte Carlo simulations or analytically by the radiative transfer equation (RTE). However, the RTE is difficult to solve without introducing approximations. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this paper, we consider the derivation of macroscopic equations appropriate to describe the growth of biological tissue, employing a multiple-scale homogenisation method to accommodate explicitly the influence of the underlying microscale structure of the material, and its evolution, on the macroscale dynamics. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • however, a distinguishing feature of biological tissue is its ability to remodel continuously in response to local environmental cues. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Non-indicating QIAcard FTA formats are used for the collection, transport and archiving of biological samples such as blood, cells and tissue. (qiagen.com)
  • Non-indicating QIAcard FTA formats are used to collect, stabilize, process, transport and archive pigmented biological samples such as blood, cells and tissue. (qiagen.com)
  • The deliberate release of harmful biological agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi and toxins) can cause significant damage to human health, the environment and the Australian economy. (health.gov.au)
  • This section describes factors to consider when evaluating fate and transport of environmental contaminants, the second element of the exposure pathway evaluation. (cdc.gov)
  • Physical, chemical, and biological factors that influence the persistence and movement of a contaminant within and across environmental media, which can be important in determining whether opportunities for human exposure exist. (cdc.gov)
  • This chapter discusses present and past contributions to metals in the atmosphere from natural and anthropogenic sources and reviews factors governing the atmospheric transport and deposition of metals. (taylorfrancis.com)
  • From these data, we estimate each fire aerosolized an average of 7 ± 4 × 10 9 cells and 2 ± 1 × 10 8 biological INPs per m 2 burned and conclude that emissions from wildland fire are sources of viable microbial aerosols to the atmosphere. (nature.com)
  • Despite the varied roles of bioaerosols in environmental health, biological dispersion, and the land-atmosphere system, their ecological sources and emission mechanisms remain poorly understood [ 13 ]. (nature.com)
  • These beneficial biological properties have been extensively studied in humans and animal models, both in vitro and in vivo . (hindawi.com)
  • You do not have to run a hydrology and bioaccumulation model to prove that fate and transport exists, nor do you have to step through every contaminant and physical property of PCBs to evaluate their fate and transport. (cdc.gov)
  • This bachelor of science (BSc) program is for students who are interested in using physical approaches to tackle biological problems. (sfu.ca)
  • Understanding the physical and molecular cues that initiate the formation and function of branching structures and resolve the underlying mechanisms of growth and transport in branched tissues will benefit relevant industries including those involved in fermentation, biofuel production, and health care. (springer.com)
  • For this purpose, we in the "Physical-Biological Interactions" department use modern, multidisciplinary observation and modeling techniques as well as innovative data analyses tools. (hereon.de)
  • Household information on social assistance, as well as individual information such as speaking the indigenous language, years living in the city and also in the indigenous territory, income, work, schooling, marital status, leisure and transport physical activity level, and time watching television per week were retrieved. (bvsalud.org)
  • Only transport insufficient physical activity (OR=2.24, 95% CI=1.01-4.98) and being in the age group from 30 to 59 years (OR=8.79, 95% CI=3.41-22.64) maintained statistical significance. (bvsalud.org)
  • Poor transport infrastructure in the city seems to favor transport physical activity levels as a necessity, in addition to age, which is commonly associated with overweight. (bvsalud.org)
  • The German-American physician Anton Dilger established a secret biological laboratory in Chevy Chase, Maryland, with the intent to grow the causative agents of anthrax and glanders. (medscape.com)
  • This is required by the laboratory in an effort to protect the staff members who will ultimately be opening the container and performing definitive biological testing and/or forensic examinations. (cdc.gov)
  • NHANES collected biological specimens (biospecimens) for laboratory analysis to provide detailed information about participants' health and nutritional status. (cdc.gov)
  • Fate and transport evaluations help you determine how likely it is that 1) contaminants have moved or will move beyond the source area, and 2) contamination could migrate and exposures could occur beyond the sampled areas. (cdc.gov)
  • If you determine that the nature and extent of contamination in all relevant media have been adequately characterized after reviewing pertinent studies, you might need little or no fate and transport evaluation. (cdc.gov)
  • But if you are not able to adequately characterize the fate and transport of contamination, you cannot rule out that contaminants traveled to relevant site-specific media. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, the activities addressed the transport of biological samples and included specific training on how to respond to accidents involving hazardous biological and chemical materials . (fiiapp.org)
  • Through diverse LBRMT simulations, we highlight its biological applications in sedimentation and flotation, flexible rotors, actuated microswimmer, and its potential to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of collective motion. (aps.org)
  • NIRF is highly sensitive to detect SWCNT in biological tissues due to the low fluorescence in the near infrared region from biological samples. (duke.edu)
  • The fate, transport and bioaccumulation of SWCNT are essential information for risk assessment and making environmental regulations for nanomaterials. (duke.edu)
  • The extent to which you examine fate and transport issues depends on many factors, such as the availability of site-specific environmental data sets, the complexity of site issues, and community health concerns. (cdc.gov)
  • Health assessors often use their professional judgment when evaluating environmental fate and transport. (cdc.gov)
  • During World War II, the Japanese operated a secret biological warfare research facility in Manchuria and carried out human experiments on Chinese prisoners. (medscape.com)
  • The use of bees as guided biological weapons was described in Byzantine written sources, such as Tactica of Emperor Leo VI the Wise in the chapter On Naval Warfare. (wikipedia.org)
  • This pre-packaging approach provides a simple, one step process to initiate microfluidics in any setting for fungal studies, bacteria-fungal interactions, and other biological inquiries. (springer.com)
  • A significant barrier to studying toxicity of SWCNT to animal models is the lack of in vivo techniques to track and quantify SWCNT for assessing their distribution, transport and bioaccumulation. (duke.edu)
  • The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution (BDEE 2021), sponsored by the MDPI open access journal Diversity, will be held online from 15 to 31 March 2021. (mdpi.com)
  • This process improves access to microfluidics for controlling biological microenvironments, and further enabling visual and quantitative analysis of fungal cultures. (springer.com)
  • The major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily is a key part of the fungal transmembrane transport network. (bvsalud.org)
  • It addresses the molecular aspects of binding, transport and storage that ensure balanced levels of the essential elements. (rsc.org)
  • It facilitates the transport of water and low molecular weight solutes across biomembranes. (bvsalud.org)
  • When Is a Fate and Transport Evaluation Required? (cdc.gov)
  • The scientific community refers to this as ' dual-use ' biological research. (health.gov.au)
  • Fate and transport" refers to how the nature of contaminants might change (chemically, physically, or biologically) and where they go as they move through the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • This consensus, which aims to regulate the transport of dangerous goods by road, has been ratified by 52 countries that are committed to good safety and security practices in order to comply with international regulations. (fiiapp.org)
  • Biological invasions are a major threat to ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being, resulting in ecosystem degradation and causing economic costs in the multi-trillions of euros globally. (phys.org)
  • To make progress in this arena, technical and logistical barriers must be overcome to more effectively deploy microfluidics in biological disciplines. (springer.com)
  • We built it from the ground up for biological problems, with optimizations in C++ and OpenMP to take advantage of all those cores on your CPU. (mathcancer.org)
  • The MS in Biological Engineering is oriented toward executing engineering solutions for feed, food and fiber production and/or post harvest processing problems having an intensive biological/microbiological dimension. (uga.edu)
  • Branched biological structures are evident across all taxonomic kingdoms and size scales. (springer.com)
  • Within melanocytes, the P protein may transport molecules into and out of structures called melanosomes (where melanin is produced). (medlineplus.gov)
  • This was the first multilateral agreement that extended prohibition of chemical agents to biological agents. (medscape.com)
  • E stablishing a comprehensive legal framework tailored to each country, including local training for security advisors, carriers and drivers, with a focus on chemical and biological materials. (fiiapp.org)
  • These chemical species often act as substrates of enzymes and/or as ligands modulating biochemical cascades, so elucidating their delivery and transport is imminent towards understanding cellular functions. (illinois.edu)
  • LA JOLLA-The Salk Institute welcomes Assistant Professor Agnieszka Kendrick, a structural biologist who studies how cells recognize and transport cargo within the cell. (salk.edu)
  • Uncovering mechanistic links between emotional states, biological timing, sleep, and development of chronic diseases using interdisciplinary approaches. (tamu.edu)
  • The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of P-type cation-transporting ATPases. (nih.gov)
  • In this study we analyzed microbial cells and biological ice nucleating particles (INPs) in smoke emitted from eight prescribed wildland fires in North Florida. (nature.com)
  • When compared to air sampled prior to ignition, samples of the air-smoke mixtures contained fivefold higher concentrations of microbial cells (6.7 ± 1.3 × 10 4 cells m −3 ) and biological INPs (2.4 ± 0.91 × 10 3 INPs m −3 active at temperatures ≥ −15 °C), and these data significantly positively correlated with PM 10 . (nature.com)
  • The use of biological agents is not a new concept, and history is replete with examples of biological weapons use. (medscape.com)
  • Entities and facilities that handle security sensitive biological agents (SSBAs) must comply with the regulatory scheme. (health.gov.au)
  • Their commercialisation as biological control agents are hampered by their short shelf life. (sun.ac.za)
  • The fate and transport analysis is generally a qualitative exercise that does not require quantitative evaluations (modeling studies). (cdc.gov)
  • Depending on your site, you might consider different types of information when evaluating fate and transport. (cdc.gov)
  • You can often obtain pertinent fate and transport information in site investigation reports. (cdc.gov)
  • All Superfund remedial investigation reports, for example, include contaminant- and media-specific fate and transport information. (cdc.gov)
  • When evaluating and interpreting fate and transport information, you might need to consult technical experts (e.g., hydrogeologists, air modelers), especially when more quantitative analyses are needed to characterize affected media. (cdc.gov)
  • Learn about key types of contaminant fate and transport information collected during the PHA process. (cdc.gov)
  • Learn more details about fate and transport . (cdc.gov)
  • The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that the excised pigmented rabbit conjunctiva is a tight barrier capable of active Cl- transport. (nih.gov)