Biological plasma membranes. Medical search. Frequent questions

The current study aims to find potential candidate proteins for sperm/oocyte plasma membrane interaction in a porcine model. (escholarship.org)
First, sperm and oocyte plasma membrane proteins with affinity for proteins of the plasma membrane of their partner gamete were separated by affinity chromatography. (escholarship.org)
Third, the biological role of selected candidate proteins was evaluated in in vitro fertilization (IVF) trials employing commercially available antibodies to selected proteins. (escholarship.org)
Approximately 100 oocyte plasma membrane proteins with affinity for the sperm, and 100 sperm plasma membrane proteins with affinity for the oocyte were identified with the two MS approaches. (escholarship.org)
In addition, a library of porcine oocyte membrane proteins was generated containing more than 200 proteins. (escholarship.org)
In the IVF experiments, antibodies targeting oocyte proteins lipoprotein E (ApoE) and complement protein 6 (C6) significantly decreased the fertilization rate, suggesting that ApoE and C6 have a relevant role in the sperm/oocyte plasma membrane interaction. (escholarship.org)
Curcumin modulates cellular activity through interacting with membrane-bound proteins and modulating signaling cascade activity by altering the fluidity of the membrane bilayer [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
The intramembranous particles represent integral membrane proteins. (ucsd.edu)
Here we employed 'plasma membrane profiling', a quantitative cell-surface proteomics technique, to identify host proteins whose cell-surface levels are altered during infection. (imperial.ac.uk)
The structure, functionality and significance of membranes and the proteins that make them up are briefly discussed in this essay, along with how they affect both health and disease. (alliedacademies.org)
Membrane proteins and sugars are important structural elements of biological membranes [ 1 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
Membrane proteins are essential for maintaining the structural integrity, molecular structure, and material transport through biological membranes. (alliedacademies.org)
Large proteins that transport ions and water soluble compounds across the membrane are embedded in the lipid bilayer. (alliedacademies.org)
Ions can freely diffuse into and out of cells thanks to membrane channels formed by specific proteins in the plasma membrane. (alliedacademies.org)
Long glucose molecules are affixed to proteins on the plasma membrane's outside. (alliedacademies.org)
The housekeeping machinery that accomplishes this in many biological processes is made up of the so-called SNARE proteins that form protein bundles across vesicle and plasma membranes, hurling the vesicle or balloon-like structure close to the membrane. (sciencedaily.com)
Ratio-dependent significance thresholds in reciprocal N-15-labeling experiments as a robust tool in detection of candidate proteins responding to biological treatment. (mpg.de)
As explored in Membranes I: Introduction to Biological Membranes , there is a wide variety of embedded components that are essential to the life of the cell, including lipids , carbohydrates, and proteins - many of which regulate what is allowed to pass into and out of the cell (Figure 1). (visionlearning.com)
Transport of proteins across membranes is a fundamental process, achieved in every cell by the 'Sec' translocon. (elifesciences.org)
The encapsulation and compartmentalisation of cells has necessitated the evolution of machineries that conduct proteins across membranes, including for protein secretion and organellar import. (elifesciences.org)
N-linked glycosylation is the most prevalent posttranslational modification of plasma membrane and secretory proteins and participates in many important biological roles such as protein folding, intracellular targeting, immune response, cell adhesion, and protease resistance. (jneurosci.org)
Approximately 25 percent of proteins localize to membranes, where they act as receptors and signaling molecules in biological processes, including respiration, neurotransmission, and molecular transport. (the-scientist.com)
Because membrane proteins represent 40 percent of drug targets, understanding them is crucial for drug discovery. (the-scientist.com)
Yet, performing structure-function analyses on membrane proteins is challenging because in their native states they are embedded within the plasma membrane's hydrophobic lipid bilayer. (the-scientist.com)
Because of this, membrane proteins are inherently unstable in aqueous solution, requiring distinct strategies for their solubilization, purification, and maintenance. (the-scientist.com)
1 Mass photometry is a bioanalytical characterization technology that can help researchers characterize membrane protein properties, such as oligomerization or other complex formations and assess the purity of samples containing membrane proteins. (the-scientist.com)
Even after careful optimization, detergents do not necessarily resemble the native lipid bilayer, and researchers do not always obtain stably solubilized membrane proteins with intact functions. (the-scientist.com)
It is challenging for researchers to assess the quality of mimetics and identify which samples contain highly concentrated, stable membrane proteins. (the-scientist.com)
To overcome these difficulties, researchers working with membrane proteins would benefit from a method that can quickly and accurately characterize sample quality and composition. (the-scientist.com)
Mass photometry offers a powerful solution for the characterization of membrane proteins. (the-scientist.com)
Mass photometry provides the mass distribution of membrane proteins and other sample components at the single-molecule level within a few minutes using very little sample. (the-scientist.com)
Moreover, mass photometry works with a variety of membrane proteins and mimetics including detergents, nanodiscs, styrene maleic acid copolymers form self-assembling lipid-protein particles (SMALPs), and amphipols, making it compatible with extant membrane protein purification workflows. (the-scientist.com)

Cleavage of membranes occurs along the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer to reveal views of a "p-face" (the outwardly-facing inner half of the membrane) and an "e-face" (the inwardly-facing outer half of the membrane), and a metallic replica is made of the fractured surface. (ucsd.edu)
The lipid bilayer, a double layer of phospholipid, cholesterol and glycolipid molecules that contains fatty acid chains and controls whether a membrane is formed into long, flat sheets or rounded vesicles, makes up the majority of a membrane. (alliedacademies.org)
Solute transport on the sub 100 ms scale across the lipid bilayer membrane of individual proteoliposomes. (lu.se)

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)

The plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) is a low-affinity monoamine transporter protein which in humans is encoded by the SLC29A4 gene. (wikipedia.org)
This protein is an integral membrane protein that transports the monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine) as well as adenosine, from synaptic spaces into presynaptic neurons or neighboring glial cells. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) or membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME) family. (nih.gov)
however certain metabolically active organelle membranes contain up to 75% protein. (alliedacademies.org)
However, the over production of oxygen free radicals in sperm membrane decreases the antioxidant defense activity thereby leading to low sperm motility and viability, DNA fragmentation and protein denaturation. (scialert.net)
In fact, said Xue, bringing the two membranes together involves both the top and bottom of a key domain of the protein. (sciencedaily.com)
A combination of molecular simulation with hydrogendeuterium-exchange mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal an asymmetry across the membrane: ATP-induced conformational changes in the cytosolic cavity promote unfolded pre-protein structure, while the exterior cavity favours its formation. (elifesciences.org)
The bulk of protein secretion and membrane protein insertion is conducted by the ubiquitous Sec translocon. (elifesciences.org)
Mass photometry advances membrane protein characterization by offering fast and precise mass measurements of samples containing membrane mimetics. (the-scientist.com)
To preserve native membrane protein properties and structures, researchers typically use membrane mimetics to recreate a lipid environment in aqueous solutions. (the-scientist.com)
Widely-used membrane mimetics for protein purification and structure-function studies include detergents, lipid emulsions, nanodiscs, and amphipols. (the-scientist.com)
Membrane protein purification using mimetics requires numerous steps and different protocols depending on the protein of interest. (the-scientist.com)
Using mass photometry to count and measure the mass of the single membrane protein in solution allows researchers to gain valuable information on the purity and stability of their samples. (the-scientist.com)
Albumin measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases involving the liver and/or kidneys and are frequently used to assess nutritional status because plasma levels of albumin are dependent on protein intake. (cdc.gov)
Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals. (lu.se)

Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)

Sterols play a unique role for the structural and dynamical organization of membranes. (mdpi.com)
In particular, the impact of α-spinasterol on the structure and organization of lipid membranes was investigated and compared with those of cholesterol. (mdpi.com)
Organization of biological membranes: fundamentals and applications. (alliedacademies.org)

A bilayer of lipid molecules makes up the double sheet that makes up biological membranes. (alliedacademies.org)
A bilayer membrane with numerous pores surrounds the nucleus, which houses the cell's genetic material and allows materials to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm. (alliedacademies.org)
The phospholipid bilayer is the basic structural motif of most biological membranes. (lu.se)

Scientists have used that analogy to describe the action of synaptotagmin-1, which acts to catalyze the fusion of the membranes of tiny neurotransmitter-filled bubbles called vesicles with the wall membrane of a neuron. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr. Christian Rosenmund, professor of neuroscience and molecular and human genetics at Baylor College of Medicine, and graduate student Mingshan Xue use that analogy to describe the action of synaptotagmin-1, which acts to catalyze the fusion of the membranes of tiny neurotransmitter-filled bubbles called vesicles with the wall membrane of a neuron. (sciencedaily.com)
Exosomes are nanometer-range vesicles originating from the fusion of endosomes with the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. (anton-paar.com)

Many small, fat soluble molecules, like oxygen, can pass through the membrane thanks to the fatty acid chains, but they are repelled by large, water soluble molecules, like sugar and electrically charged ions, like calcium. (alliedacademies.org)
Only uncharged, non-polar molecules can easily pass through the membrane. (visionlearning.com)
Glucose is another example of a polar molecule that cannot easily pass through the membrane . (visionlearning.com)

This study complements the knowledge from previous analyses on gamete interactions by using a molecular-affinity-driven process to identify sperm/oocyte plasma membrane interacting components. (escholarship.org)
The broad range of curcumin's biological properties is due to its ability to bind to over 100 identified different molecular targets [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
The current study reports data on the membrane properties of the phytosterol (3β,5α,22 E )-stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-β-ol (α-spinasterol), which represents an important component of argan oil and have not been investigated so far in molecular detail. (mdpi.com)
PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern)-induced changes in plasma membrane compartmentalization reveal novel components of plant immunity. (mpg.de)
Molecular Membrane Biology 2013, 30 (3):246-260. (lu.se)

Cell membranes have a fluid quality thanks to lipids and their consistency is similar to that of light oil. (alliedacademies.org)
The endoplasmic reticulum, which produces the lipids for all cell membranes, extends its membrane into the outer nuclear membrane. (alliedacademies.org)
Lipids refers to a group of biological molecules that are insoluble in aqueous solutions and soluble in organic solvents and includes fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids (like cholesterol), and some other related compounds. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
As such, many biological processes occur within or in the proximity of the cell membrane, and therefore, interest in the properties and behavior of lipids in membranes is considerable. (lu.se)

Structural components of biological membranes. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
We found that the structural stability of the membrane towards NPs is dependent on the topological characteristic of the lipid assembly and of the NPs, where a higher symmetry gave higher stability. (lu.se)

Metabolic Labeling and Membrane Fractionation for Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Suspension Cell Cultures. (mpg.de)
Purification and Proteomic Analysis of Plant Plasma Membranes. (lu.se)

Freeze fracture of the plasma membrane and outer alveolar membrane of the pellicle of V. microstoma. (cellimagelibrary.org)
The most common histopathologic fi nding was diffuse tubular structures, which had a rough outer edge and alveolar damage comprising intraalveolar edema, hyaline averaged 37 nm in width (Figure 1, panel D). Immunogold membranes, fi brin, and hemorrhage. (cdc.gov)
For example, it is found that in nature the lipid distribution across the inner and outer leaflet of cell membranes is. (lu.se)

Definition of Arabidopsis Sterol-rich Membrane Microdomains by Differential Treatment with Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and Quantitative Proteomics. (mpg.de)

The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Its C2B domain binds at the top site to calcium ions, allowing the subsequent attachment to of the two membranes. (sciencedaily.com)
Ions , such as sodium (Na + ) and chloride (Cl - ), have an even more difficult time going through the membrane than glucose . (visionlearning.com)

The membrane potential of the red blood cells was determined before and after cell shrinkage as the external potassium concentration at which there was no change in diSC35 fluorescence. (cdc.gov)
Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present throughout all cell types. (hindawi.com)
Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present in all cell types that transfers electrons from intracellular substrates to extracellular acceptors maintaining redox homeostasis for a successful cell physiology [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that Ery PDT altered the C. albicans cell morphology by inducing cell wall/membrane rupture. (thieme-connect.de)
In biology, a membrane is a thin covering that serves as the external limit of a living cell or an internal cell compartment. (alliedacademies.org)
Sperm cell membranes are high in polyunsaturated fatty acids and are sensitive to oxygen free radical induced damage mediated by lipid peroxidation. (scialert.net)
The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. (absoluteastronomy.com)
1961). Acetylthiocholine is hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE--also referred to as erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase or red blood cell [RBC] acetylcholinesterase) and plasma cholinesterase (PChE--also referred to as butrylcholinesterase, serum cholinesterase, or pseudocholinesterase), producing acetic acid and thiocholine. (cdc.gov)
The different biological effects of pulsed electromagnetic frequency exposure include oxidative stress, lower female/male fertility, neurological effects, cell death, and damage, changes in steroid hormone levels, calcium overload. (news-medical.net)
It is used to form cell membranes, hormones and so on. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
Did you know that the absence of one tiny amino acid in cell membranes causes Cystic Fibrosis, a life-threatening disease? (visionlearning.com)
And a common aliment, heartburn, is treated with medicine that slows down the rate at which protons are pumped across cell membranes into the stomach. (visionlearning.com)
Studying how molecules travel across plasma membranes (cell membranes) is the key to understanding and treating many medical conditions. (visionlearning.com)
The plasma membrane serves as a semi-permeable barrier to the cell. (visionlearning.com)
The plasma membrane (also called the cell membrane) is anything but a simple barrier between the inside of a cell and the environment outside of it. (visionlearning.com)
Many types of components are mingled throughout the cell membrane. (visionlearning.com)
07 October 2010 the unresponsiveness of mice to nickel salts might be attribut- expressed on the plasma membrane of a variety of cell types. (cdc.gov)
Illustration of membrane-embedded plant cell-surface receptors (white cartoons) that establish communication with symbiotic bacteria via secreted carbohydrate signaling molecules. (lu.se)
Cell-surface receptors in plants and animals are found within cells' plasma membrane where they enable a cell to receive, process, and transmit signals from its environment by binding to extracellular signaling molecules such as growth factors, hormones or neurotransmitters. (lu.se)
cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)
The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)

High resolution structures are available for individual receptors dimers, but less is known about receptor clusters that form in plasma membranes composed of many different RTKs with the potential to interact. (nature.com)
We find that these receptors are intermixed nonhomogenously on the plasma membrane. (nature.com)
Its biological effect is exerted through activation of bradykinin B2 receptors, which are expressed in the membranes of endothelial and smooth muscles cells. (medscape.com)

The membrane organelles play a key role in many cellular processes, such as nutrition intake and conversion, chemical synthesis, energy production and regulation of metabolic pathways. (alliedacademies.org)

Others transfer molecules to the other side of a membrane by binding to particular molecules on one side [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
All plasma membranes possess transporters to help move molecules from one side of the membrane to the other. (visionlearning.com)
The plasma membrane of all cells is a barrier to most molecules . (visionlearning.com)

In their current work, Xue, Rosenmund and colleagues showed that the bottom of the C2B domain is also critical in bringing the membranes of the neuron together with the vesicle's membrane, allowing the release of neurotransmitter. (sciencedaily.com)

Sperm/oocyte membrane interaction in mammalian fertilization remains poorly understood. (escholarship.org)
Curcumin, isolated from Curcuma longa, has modulatory effects on cellular physiology due to its membrane interaction ability and antioxidant potential. (hindawi.com)
The bioactivity, biological fate and cytotoxicity of nanomaterials when they come into contact with living organisms are determined by their interaction with biomacromolecules and biological barriers. (lu.se)
In this context, the role of symmetry/shape anisotropy of both the nanomaterials and biological interfaces in their mutual interaction, is a relatively unaddressed issue. (lu.se)
Here, we study the interaction of gold nanoparticles (NPs) of different shapes (nanospheres and nanorods) with biomimetic membranes of different morphology, i.e. flat membranes (2D symmetry, representative of the most common plasma membrane geometry), and cubic membranes (3D symmetry, representative of non-lamellar membranes, found in Nature under certain biological. (lu.se)
Also, they can clump together or agglomerate, which can affect their potential for settling in the lungs if inhaled, their ability to penetrate the body's membranes and consequently move from the lungs to other organs, and their interaction with cells and tissue. (cdc.gov)

The interior environment of the plasma membrane is highly hydrophobic because of the close crowding of all of the fatty acid hydrocarbon tails (see Membranes I: Introduction to Biological Membranes ). (visionlearning.com)

Sodium flux through the membrane occurred in exchange for protons and was inhibited by amiloride. (cdc.gov)

Recent findings have highlighted the dynamic nature of such domains in the plasma membrane and the key role of the underlying cytoskeleton meshwork in stabilizing them. (lu.se)

The pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus contains particles being assembled mostly at the plasma membrane. (cdc.gov)

Bringing two fusing membranes close enough so that they fuse with each other is a crucial step in the process. (sciencedaily.com)

Oxygen free radicals are naturally produced by mitochondrial and sperm plasma membrane and have beneficial and detrimental effects that cannot be overlooked. (scialert.net)
This unusual structure of sperm membrane is responsible for its flexibility and the functional ability of sperm cells. (scialert.net)

A six-lobed membrane spanning cellulose synthesis complex (CSC) containing multiple cellulose synthase (CESA) glycosyltransferases mediates cellulose microfibril formation. (osti.gov)

Glucose-induced activation of DAG/PKC signaling in microsomes was not associated with a change in the translocation of Glut-4 transporters from microsomes to the plasma membrane, a biological response that is known to be stimulated by agonists, e.g., phorbol esters, which increase DAG/PKC signaling in plasma membranes, as well as in microsomes. (jci.org)

Glucose rapidly increased DAG content and PKC enzyme activity in microsomes, but not in plasma membranes or other membranes, during a 30-min treatment of rat adipocytes. (jci.org)

Curcumin also increased the GSH level in erythrocytes and plasma while simultaneously decreasing the oxidant potential (PFEOP) of plasma. (hindawi.com)

Plasma/Serum RNA Purification Kits (Cat. (norgenbiotek.com)
Amphipols, nanodiscs, and and other complex membrane mimetics are more stabilizing than detergents, but their use demands additional purification steps, increasing protocol complexity. (the-scientist.com)

We obtained more direct evidence through generating improved transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and image averages of the rosette-type CSC, revealing the frequent triangularity and average cross-sectional area in the plasma membrane of its individual lobes. (osti.gov)

A non-synonymous SNP within membrane metalloendopeptidase-like 1 (MMEL1) is associated with multiple sclerosis. (nih.gov)
Mirabelli E, Ni L, Li L, Acioglu C, Heary RF, Elkabes S . Pathological pain processing in mouse models of multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury: contribution of plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2). (neurotree.org)

This kit is suitable for the isolation of RNA from fresh or frozen serum or plasma prepared from blood collected on either EDTA or Citrate. (norgenbiotek.com)
The serum or plasma (results are compatible with each other) is then separated with centrifugation or via clotting in a gel separator tube. (medscape.com)

Despite this abundance, Al is not considered an essential element and so far no experimental evidence has been put forward for a biological role. (frontiersin.org)
Khariv V, Ni L, Ratnayake A, Sampath S, Lutz BM, Tao XX, Heary RF, Elkabes S . Impaired sensitivity to pain stimuli in plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2) heterozygous mice: a possible modality- and sex-specific role for PMCA2 in nociception. (neurotree.org)

Accumulation of Gb3 in LEL may change physical and biological properties of the organelle. (eucor-uni.org)

Gb3 is then transported to the plasma membrane (PM) (green arrows) where Gb3 may interact with sphingomyelin (SM), a major sphingolipid in mammalian cells, and cholesterol (Chol) to form specific lipid raft domains. (eucor-uni.org)
2002) or measuring cholinesterase activity in plasma, red blood cells, and whole blood (Vasilic et al. (cdc.gov)
This change was observed within five seconds in cells in culture, suggesting that this is a direct effect of pulsed electromagnetic frequency on the plasma membrane. (news-medical.net)
In addition, the root cause of the disease has been identified: The plasma membranes of cells in the affected organs are missing a key component and so do not function properly. (visionlearning.com)

There is also discussion on research methods for membranes. (alliedacademies.org)

Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011, 286 (52):44319-44325. (lu.se)

Using this method, researchers can directly analyze samples without labeling or other modifications necessary for traditional methods, which can interfere with a membrane protein's structure, function, and activity. (the-scientist.com)
The results will contribute to improve the fundamental knowledge on lipid interfaces and will provide new insights on the biological function of phase transitions as a response strategy to the exposure of NPs. (lu.se)

Hemophilia B, or Christmas disease, is an inherited, recessive disorder that involves deficiency of functional coagulation factor IX (FIX) in plasma. (medscape.com)

Zeta potential measurements were also performed, giving potentially useful information about the biological functionality of exosomes. (anton-paar.com)

Structure and Stability of the Spinach Aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in Detergent Micelles and Lipid Membranes. (lu.se)

Effects of curcumin were also evaluated on level of glutathione (GSH) and the oxidant potential of plasma measured in terms of plasma ferric equivalent oxidative potentials (PFEOP). (hindawi.com)
To counteract oxidative damage, spermatozoa and seminal plasma have several mechanisms to neutralize free radicals. (scialert.net)

Anatomy54

Organisms14

Chemicals and Drugs97

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science3

Health Care1

Proteins32

Lipid bilayer3

Cellular Component1

Protein15

Gene Ontology1

Organization3

Bilayer3

Vesicles3

Pass through the membrane3

Molecular5

Lipids4

Structural2

Proteomic Analysis2

Outer3

Proteomics1

Ions3

Cell21

Receptors3

Processes1

Molecules3

Neurotransmitter1

Interaction6

Fatty acid1

Protons1

Cytoskeleton1

Particles1

Process1

Sperm2

Synthesis1

Transporters1

Glucose1

Erythrocytes1

Purification2

Electron microscopy1

Multiple sclerosis2

Serum or plasma2

Role2

Organelle1

Cells4

Research1

Journal1

Function2

Involves1

Functionality1

Structure1

Oxidative2