MicroorganismsInfectionsAntibioticsStaphylococcusFormationMicrobiologyRelevant biofilmContribute to biofilmPathogensAlbicansBacteria living in bAeruginosaCandidaClinically relevantKnown as biofilmsQuorumExtracellularPenetrateControl of biofilmsSurfacesAnti-biofilmBacterial biofilmResistanceStrainsSusceptibilityNutrientsSpeciesBacteriumMicrobial cellsDisinfectionAggregatesCatheterMedically importantUnderstanding of microbialDeterminantsReactorVirulence factorsGenesReactorsFormMicrobes2018PolysaccharidesCommunitiesDisinfectantInteractionsEnvironmentsSlimePlanktonic bacteriaAntimicrobial agentsSurfaceTeethDentalChapterVitroEradicateCharacterizationCellsOccurMetabolismResearchersInfectionCystic fibrosis
Microorganisms14
- A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
- Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
- The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
- Biofilms are composed of microorganisms attached to a solid surface or floating on top of a liquid surface. (nature.com)
- Biofilms are complex, highly dynamic, structured ecosystems formed by a community of different microorganisms living attached to inert or living surfaces and embedded in a matrix designated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). (intechopen.com)
- Usually, these electroactive microorganisms form an electroactive biofilm (EAB) on the electrode surface. (uni-bremen.de)
- Biofilms are microorganisms that cling to a surface in a very narrow space and form a protective layer, the so-called matrix. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Disinfection methods currently used in water systems have been shown to be ineffective against legionella over the long-term, allowing recolonization by the biofilm-protected microorganisms. (frontiersin.org)
- Biofilm can host bacteria, amoeba, algae and other microorganisms. (pall.com)
- Biofilm protects the microorganisms within from chemical agents and thermal disinfection procedures. (pall.com)
- Which Microorganisms Can Be Found Inside Biofilms? (pall.com)
- Biofilms contain a large variety of waterborne microorganisms. (pall.com)
- Biofilm in water networks may contain a large variety of microorganisms such as fungi (e.g. (pall.com)
- An important factor of bacterial virulence is the formation of biofilms which are aggregates of microorganisms incorporated into an extracellular matrix that protects bacteria from hostile environments. (usp.br)
Infections24
- Biofilms, which often form on hard surfaces such as catheters and water pipes, can cause gingivitis and chronic ear infections. (technologyreview.com)
- Large doses of antibiotics can usually eradicate these infections, but there is some worry that drug--resistant biofilm infections are becoming more common. (technologyreview.com)
- As the ESF Biofilm workshop's convenor Tom J. Battin, from the University of Vienna, pointed out, biofilms are involved in most chronic infections, including killers such as cystic fibrosis, and endocarditis in the heart. (sciencedaily.com)
- However, over the past 20 years, biofilms have become recognized as a serious problem for public health as they facilitate many important microbial infections in humans and animals, including wound and implant-related infections, and substantially complicate their treatment. (ivis.org)
- One of the most intriguing and clinically relevant features of microbial biofilms is their significantly higher antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, which generates serious consequences for therapy of biofilm-associated infections. (medscape.com)
- When bacteria team up to create biofilms, surrounding themselves in a protective goo, they can cause persistent infections that resist attack from even the most potent antibiotics. (acs.org)
- More than 65 percent of hospital-acquired infections manifest as biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
- Biofilm-associated infections are therefore one of the greatest challenges facing medicine . (l3s.de)
- In the BacData project, the researchers are investigating two clinically highly relevant biofilm associated infections: the lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients caused by Pseudomonas bacteria and the implant infection as an example of frequently occurring multi-species biofilm infections. (l3s.de)
- BacData is intended to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from biofilm-associated infections in the long term and, in addition, to create the basis for a personalised therapy of further infectious diseases. (l3s.de)
- There has been a problem of implant-related infections for orthopedic and dental implants caused by bacterial biofilms leading to implant rejection with high social costs. (oeaw.ac.at)
- Bacterial biofilms are a cause of countless challenging infections originating from implanted medical devices, urinary and intravenous catheters, and other clinical tools that interface with the human body. (medgadget.com)
- The bacterium spreads rapidly through contaminated water sources and intestinal infections - a cycle that is promoted by the formation of biofilms. (elifesciences.org)
- Bacterial biofilms play an important role in UTIs, responsible for persistent infections leading to recurrences and relapses. (mdpi.com)
- Biofilm-related infections represent a serious health problem, accounting for 65- 80% of all infections. (cun.es)
- The infections are generally chronic and characterized by the persistence of the microorganism, due to the increased resistance of biofilms to both the immune system and antimicrobials. (cun.es)
- Microbiological diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility studies of biofilm-related infections are complex and, nowadays, represent a challenge that clinicians and microbiologists have to address as a team in the absence of consensus or standardized protocols. (cun.es)
- Chronic bacterial infections are difficult to treat through standard antibiotics because a small population of the bacteria in biofilms becomes tolerant to antibiotics by entering a dormant state. (aiche.org)
- Infections related to biofilm are a challenge because it is difficult to treat it. (bioeng.ca)
- According to the National Institute of Health in the USA, about 80% of all infections caused by human bacteria are brought on by biofilms. (bioeng.ca)
- Enterococcus faecalis is often co-isolated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in polymicrobial biofilm-associated infections of wounds and the urinary tract. (biorxiv.org)
- IMPORTANCE Many infections are polymicrobial and biofilm-associated in nature. (biorxiv.org)
- Environmental changes of the host niche, often resulting from infection with respiratory viruses, changes of the microbiota composition, or other host assaults, can result in biofilm dispersion and spread of bacteria to other host niches, resulting in infections, such as otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. (lu.se)
- Three recent articles [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] highlight how our understanding of bacterial persistence and recent advances in disinfection modalities may provide a means for control of biofilms and nosocomial infections. (medscape.com)
Antibiotics18
- Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
- [13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
- When bacteria team up in sticky communities called biofilms, they can be nearly impossible for conventional antibiotics to eradicate. (technologyreview.com)
- Because they are protected by a sticky carbohydrate scaffold called a matrix, bacteria living communally in biofilms are a thousand times as resistant to antibiotics as free--swimming bacteria are, says Collins. (technologyreview.com)
- What's more, some evidence suggests that the use of antibiotics actually induces biofilm formation. (technologyreview.com)
- Microbes such as bacteria tend to live in complex colonies called biofilms, where they can resist antibiotics and cause more problems for the immune system. (sciencedaily.com)
- Indeed resistance against antibiotics is itself one of the biggest problems of all associated with biofilms, Battin noted. (sciencedaily.com)
- As the biofilms are resistant to antibiotics and the immune system's white blood cells, very often the only remedy is surgery, to replace a damaged valve, which can itself cause problems. (sciencedaily.com)
- The MIC of antibiotics to biofilm-growing bacteria may be up to 1000-fold higher than that of planktonic bacteria. (medscape.com)
- The biofilm matrix can act as a barrier to delay the diffusion of antibiotics into biofilms [ 11 ] because antibiotics may either react chemically with biofilm matrix components or attach to anionic polysaccharides. (medscape.com)
- [ 12 ] Antibiotics have been shown to readily penetrate biofilms in some cases, but poorly in others depending on particular antibiotics and biofilms. (medscape.com)
- thereby, the slow growth rates of biofilm-growing cells will render them less susceptible to antibiotics. (medscape.com)
- To eliminate the harmful bacteria buried among the polysaccharides, proteins, dead cells, and other detritus that surround them may require treatment with antibiotics at doses thousands of times as high as those used against free bacteria, says Helen E. Blackwell of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, who is also developing ways to disrupt biofilms. (acs.org)
- Biofilms are notoriously resistant to antibiotics. (sciencedaily.com)
- Biofilms are medically important as they can allow bacteria to persist in host tissues and on catheters, and confer increased resistance to antibiotics and dessication. (virology.ws)
- Retrieved bacteria were genotyped, and grown in planktonic cultures and as biofilms, and susceptibilities to individual antibiotics and to antibiotic combinations were determined. (ersjournals.com)
- Susceptibility to single antibiotics and to antibiotic combinations were not different between planktonically or biofilm-grown bacteria derived from sputum, as compared to those obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and protected brush. (ersjournals.com)
- However, studies have not previously been done to determine whether bacteria retrieved from sputum are more susceptible to antibiotics compared to bacteria retrieved directly from the airway biofilm. (ersjournals.com)
Staphylococcus2
- [ 14 ] The penetration of oxacillin and cefotaxime (β-lactams), and vancomycin and teicoplanin (glycopeptides) is significantly reduced through Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, whereas that of amikacin (aminoglycoside), and rifampicin and ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) was unaffected. (medscape.com)
- As a demonstration, we show the preparation of silicone-coated polyurethane catheters and significant reduction of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on the catheter surface. (medgadget.com)
Formation38
- In addition, the formation of phagocyte agglomerations around biofilms can lead to capsule formation and interfere with wound healing. (ivis.org)
- Some bacterial species engage in two well-documented social behaviors: the formation of surface-associated communities known as biofilms, and intercellular signaling, or quorum sensing. (nih.gov)
- This chapter will review the role quorum sensing plays in biofilm formation for different species. (nih.gov)
- Coating medical devices with silver nitrate or other antibiotic agents can slow biofilm formation. (acs.org)
- For the study, first author Matthew Powers, an undergraduate student in Shank's lab, used a strain of B. subtilis--a species commonly used in lab experiments--that fluoresces when genes for biofilm formation are being shut off. (sciencedaily.com)
- DAPG, or the DAPG-producing P. Protogens as a protobiotic, could be used to inhibit formation of harmful biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
- Planar and tubular geometry silicone substrates can be infused with nontoxic silicone oil to create a stable, extremely slippery interface that exhibits exceptionally low bacterial adhesion and prevents biofilm formation. (medgadget.com)
- Analysis of a flow culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa through untreated PDMS and iPDMS tubing shows at least an order of magnitude reduction of biofilm formation on iPDMS, and almost complete absence of biofilm on iPDMS after a gentle water rinse. (medgadget.com)
- In addition, some determinants for biofilm formation were assessed, using six identical bath toys under controlled conditions with either clean water prior to bathing or dirty water after bathing. (discovermagazine.com)
- The present study gives a detailed characterization of bath toy biofilms and a better understanding of determinants for biofilm formation and development in systems comprising plastic materials in contact with potable water. (discovermagazine.com)
- Formation of a biofilm starts with adherence of bacteria followed by production of the polysaccharide matrix. (thepigsite.com)
- Control of biofilms is difficult and addresses preventing initial formation and removing existing biofilms. (thepigsite.com)
- The formation of a biofilm is not a random process. (thepigsite.com)
- Microbial Biofilms provides an overview of the formation, structure/architecture, cell-to-cell interactions, and dispersal of fungal and bacterial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
- A new approach to mitigate biofilm formation on totally implantable venous access ports. (cdc.gov)
- Each component performs a specific role, which is partly determined by its position during the formation of the biofilm. (elifesciences.org)
- The virulence factors of Candida albicans are germ tube and biofilm formation, adherence to host tissues, and production of hydrolytic enzymes. (hindawi.com)
- angustifolia extract on the germ tube and biofilm formation of C. albicans . (hindawi.com)
- SEM results showed concentration dependent reduction in biofilm and hyphae formation. (hindawi.com)
- DVA extract has ability to reduce virulence of C. albicans by inhibiting germ tube and biofilm formation through damage to the cell wall. (hindawi.com)
- Pathogenic characteristics such as germ tube and biofilm formation and production of tissue damaging enzymes are possible targets of new drugs. (hindawi.com)
- The present study investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentration of crude extract of DVA on the germ tube and biofilm formation by C. albicans . (hindawi.com)
- Knowledge gained on presence and composition, published in the International Journal of Food Microbiology , could help to prevent and reduce biofilm formation within food processing environments. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Food processing offers ideal conditions for biofilm formation. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Brochothrix and Psychrobacter are known to be meat spoilers, pseudomonads are recognized for their good biofilm formation. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Biofilm formation is a crucial and precisely regulated process at the transcriptional level. (usp.br)
- pqsC and pqsH are involved in quorum sensing and biofilm formation. (usp.br)
- What Peg Dirckx is illustrating here are the four basic components of biofilm, which is attachment, microcolony formation, quorum sensing to form a mature colony, and then reproduction. (hstalks.com)
- To identify genes necessary for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation, we performed a transposon mutagenesis library screen using a recently constructed Himar1 mariner transposon. (harvard.edu)
- Approximately 10,000 transposon mutants within L. monocytogenes strain 10403S were screened for biofilm formation in 96-well polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microtiter plates with 70 Himar1 insertion mutants identified that produced significantly less biofilms. (harvard.edu)
- The identification of mutants bearing insertions within several flagellar motility genes previously known to be required for the initial stages of biofilm formation validated the ability of the mutagenesis screen to identify L. monocytogenes biofilm-defective mutants. (harvard.edu)
- Two newly identified genetic loci, dltABCD and phoPR, were selected for deletion analysis and both ΔdltABCD and ΔphoPR bacterial strains displayed biofilm formation defects in the PVC microtiter plate assay, confirming these loci contribute to biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. (harvard.edu)
- These compounds, benzyl α-l-fucopyranoside and benzyl β-d-xylopyranoside, inhibit the hyphae formation and adhesion of C. albicans to a polystyrene surface, resulting in a reduced biofilm formation. (lu.se)
- Suboptimal environmental cleaning and reprocessing of instruments is a common problem in healthcare facilities, allowing for biofilm formation and risk for nosocomial transmission. (medscape.com)
- Biofilm formation and bacterial viability during the survival analysis were assessed. (medscape.com)
- Alfa and colleagues [ 2 ] looked at the impact of improper positioning of the elevator lever of a duodenoscope on bacterial persistence, biofilm formation, and endoscope contamination. (medscape.com)
- A large number of manifestations of candidiasis are associated with the formation of biofilms on inert or biological surfaces. (who.int)
- 1-5 Dental units have unique characteristics that make them prone to biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
Microbiology1
- Researchers at the unit of food microbiology at Vetmeduni Vienna looked at biofilms in an Austrian meat processing environment that included pork, poultry and beef. (foodsafetynews.com)
Relevant biofilm2
- With the exception of a brief discussion in Chapter 1, very little information is provided on the benefits and drawbacks of culture-independent methods to characterize clinically relevant biofilm communities. (cdc.gov)
- The goal in biofilm research and efficacy testing is to choose the growth reactor that generates the most relevant biofilm for the particular study. (astm.org)
Contribute to biofilm1
- Hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum calidifontis produce bundling pili which are homologous to the bacterial TasA filaments, a major component of the extracellular matrix in bacterial biofilms, which contribute to biofilm stability. (wikipedia.org)
Pathogens4
- The impact of biofilms on microbial infection stems from their ability to protect pathogens from antimicrobial drugs and disinfectants (intrinsic resistance), to help to retain nutrients and to protect microbes from host immune responses (antibodies can penetrate biofilms and phagocytes engulf them but the resulting immune reactions are reduced). (ivis.org)
- Biofilms may include spoilage agents and food pathogens such as Listeria, E. coli and Salmonella. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Biofilms have a well-documented association with pathogens. (medscape.com)
- These biofilm habitats have been exploited by environmental pathogens such as Pseudomonas , Legionella , nontuberculous mycobacteria, and Acanthamoeba . (medscape.com)
Albicans7
- The opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans relies on cell morphological transitions to develop biofilm and invade the host. (lu.se)
- Antimicrobial activity of denture adhesive associated with Equisetum giganteum- and Punica granatum-enriched fractions against Candida albicans biofilms on acrylic resin surfaces. (bvsalud.org)
- This article reports the antimicrobial activity of the enriched fractions of Equisetum giganteum and Punica granatum incorporated into a denture adhesive against C. albicans biofilm . (bvsalud.org)
- The aim of this study was dual 1) to determine the prevalence of biofilm producers among clinical isolates from catheter (16 C. albicans ) and blood culture (2 C. albicans and 30 C. tropicalis), and 2) to determine the activity of amphotericin B and anidulafungin against C. albicans and C. tropicalis biofilms of 24 and 48 hours of maturation. (who.int)
- By species, 68.42% of C. albicans and 53.33% of C. tropicalis were biofilm producers. (who.int)
- C. albicans biofilms showed more resistance to amphotericin B and anidulafungin than their planktonic counterparts. (who.int)
- Anidulafungin displayed more activity than amphotericin B against C. albicans biofilms of 24 hours of maturation (GM MIC 0.354 vs. 0.686 microg/ml), but against C. tropicalis biofilms amphotericin B was more active (GM MIC 11.285 vs. 0.476 microg/ml). (who.int)
Bacteria living in b1
- Working with Boston University synthetic biologist James Collins, -Harvard-MIT graduate student Timothy Lu has designed a new, highly effective means of dispersing and killing the bacteria living in biofilms. (technologyreview.com)
Aeruginosa12
- In cystic fibrosis, excess mucus production in the airways gives sanctuary to bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which actually mop up the dead carcasses of white blood cells sent by the immune system, enabling them to construct their protective biofilm coat. (sciencedaily.com)
- The binding of the positively charged aminoglycosides to the negatively charged biofilm matrix polymers of P. aeruginosa will delay the penetration of aminoglycosides, [ 13 ] while the penetration of fluoroquinolones occurs immediately and without delay. (medscape.com)
- the effectiveness of fluoroquinolones on biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa is greater when compared with β-lactams, while both fluoroquinolones and β-lactams are less effective against biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa compared to planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
- In this study, the anti-biofilm activity of previously fabricated polyamino-phenolic ligands and polyamidoamine dendrimers was investigated against legionella mono-species and multi-species biofilms formed by L. pneumophila in association with other bacteria that can be found in tap water ( Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae ). (frontiersin.org)
- Recent evidence suggests that P. aeruginosa may actually grow as dense communities of exopolysaccharide-encapsulated biofilms adherent to CF patients' airways 2 - 4 . (ersjournals.com)
- One problem with relying on sputum samples to guide therapy is that biofilm bacteria may not be adequately sampled via sputum, since sputum expectoration only samples P. aeruginosa that have detached and dispersed from the airway biofilm 5 , 6 . (ersjournals.com)
- Thus, it is possible that PSB may directly recover P. aeruginosa bacteria that have aggregated as biofilms and adhered to the surface of the airway. (ersjournals.com)
- The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the PSB can sample directly from the airway biofilm and, thus, more accurately represent the state of P. aeruginosa in CF patients' lungs. (ersjournals.com)
- 5.2 The purpose of this test method is to direct a user in how to grow, treat, sample and analyze a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm using the MBEC Assay. (astm.org)
- 1.1 This test method specifies the operational parameters required to grow and treat a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm in a high throughput screening assay known as the MBEC (trademarked) 2 (Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration) Physiology and Genetics Assay. (astm.org)
- Here we show that E. faecalis inhibits P. aeruginosa growth within biofilms when iron is restricted. (biorxiv.org)
- Here, we explore the polymicrobial interactions between commonly co-isolated E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa within biofilms. (biorxiv.org)
Candida2
- Chapter 3 provides several animal models for the evaluation of fungal biofilms (primarily Candida spp. (cdc.gov)
- Candida biofilms adhere to the internal surface of removable dentures , which is an etiological factor in the pathogenesis of denture stomatitis (DS). (bvsalud.org)
Clinically relevant1
- In the BacData project, MHH and L3S scientists will work together to understand the biology and dynamics of clinically relevant biofilms and to decipher their resistance mechanisms . (l3s.de)
Known as biofilms1
- These attached communities are known as biofilms. (thepigsite.com)
Quorum4
- In addition, different aspects of quorum sensing in the context of multispecies biofilms will be discussed. (nih.gov)
- In biofilms, symbionts play major roles in the relationship among organisms by the production of bioactive molecules involved in quorum sensing signaling. (intechopen.com)
- Bacteria within a biofilm communicate by quorum sensing leading to phenotypic modifications and changes in gene expression. (thepigsite.com)
- Once there's a quorum or a sufficient number of these bacteria, a structure, a three-dimensional structure, rises up off the surface and forms the channels and the architecture that we call mature biofilm. (hstalks.com)
Extracellular8
- [2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
- Biofilms contain a small reversible subpopulation of so-called persister cells that adopt a slow- or nongrowing lifestyle through the emergence of small colony variants and are highly tolerant to extracellular stresses, such as antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
- A cohesive structure of a multi‐layer of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides and proteins is the base of biofilm structural organization. (intechopen.com)
- Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Alan, and Rich explore a novel bunyavirus isolated in China, the recent polio outbreak in Republic of the Congo, and cell to cell transmission of a retrovirus by biofilm-like extracellular assemblies. (virology.ws)
- A biofilm is a collection of bacteria and/or fungi that exists in a multicellular or community form, encased in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix that they themselves synthesise. (thepigsite.com)
- The faintly stained material in between the cells is the normally highly hydrated extracellular matrix that holds the biofilm together. (montana.edu)
- This matrix, which consists of carbohydrates, proteins and extracellular DNA, protects inhabitants of the biofilm from external influences such as disinfectants, UV radiation and dehydration. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Biofilms are sessile microbial communities growing on surfaces, frequently embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (also known as slime). (medscape.com)
Penetrate3
- If the time required for an antibiotic to penetrate biofilms is longer than the duration of antibiotic treatment, the slower penetration will explain the antibiotic resistance. (medscape.com)
- But Rotello decided to look for a way to use inexpensive, toxicologically benign substances to penetrate biofilms that have already formed. (acs.org)
- Chlorine probably fails to penetrate fully due to its neutralization by reactions with biomass in the surface layers of the biofilm. (montana.edu)
Control of biofilms1
- Kober-Rychli added further research is needed in the prevention, rapid detection and control of biofilms in the food sector. (foodsafetynews.com)
Surfaces10
- Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
- Biofilms often form around internal medical devices such as urinary catheters and artificial joints, which provide surfaces to colonize. (acs.org)
- According to the research published in Advanced Materials Interfaces , anti-adhesive patches that are developed from naturally occurring biomaterials can prevent destructive bacterial biofilm from forming on metal surfaces when they are immersed in water and other damp environments. (eurekalert.org)
- Biofilms can be found in a variety of habitats, on free‐living, on the surface of other organisms or inert surfaces, both in aquatic as well as terrestrial environments. (intechopen.com)
- To help prevent biofilms from forming on the surfaces of these devices, researchers at Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering have developed a new coating technology that sheds any bacteria forming on it. (medgadget.com)
- Scientists from the Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation (FFoQSI) Competence Center examined 11 rooms in November 2018 within the plant and took 108 samples - 47 food contact surfaces before operation and 61 surfaces not directly in contact with food during daily operation - for the presence of biofilms. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Five biofilms were detected on non-food contact surfaces like drains and water hoses resulting in 9.3 percent of the sites being classed as biofilm positive. (foodsafetynews.com)
- If a biofilm is now in the water hose, freshly cleaned areas, including food contact surfaces, can be contaminated again. (foodsafetynews.com)
- Bacteria can adhere and grow on multiple surfaces and persist within biofilms in food processing plants, providing resistance to sanitizers and other antimicrobial agents. (harvard.edu)
- These findings are consistent with a tendency of other Acinetobacter species to survive on dry surfaces, form biofilms, and contribute to nosocomial outbreaks. (medscape.com)
Anti-biofilm5
- Novel anti-biofilm nano coating developed at Ben-Gurion U. (eurekalert.org)
- April 25, 2016 - Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) have developed an innovative anti-biofilm coating, which has significant anti-adhesive potential for a variety of medical and industrial applications. (eurekalert.org)
- The concentration of the chemicals tested as anti-biofilm agents was chosen based on cytotoxicity assays: the highest non-cytotoxic chemical concentration was used for biofilm inhibition assays, with dendrimer concentration 10-fold higher than polyamino-phenolic ligands. (frontiersin.org)
- These data suggest that the studied compounds, especially dendrimers, could be considered as novel molecules in the design of research projects aimed at the development of efficacious anti-biofilm disinfection treatments of water systems in order to minimize legionellosis outbreaks. (frontiersin.org)
- Both herb extracts amplified the anti- biofilm action of the adhesive on the acrylic resin by up to 12 h. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterial biofilm1
- Endocarditis is a rare but serious disease in which one of the four heart valves, the heart lining, or heart muscle, are infected by a bacterial biofilm, often comprising streptococci, and become inflamed. (sciencedaily.com)
Resistance5
- The microenvironment within biofilms includes signaling channels that facilitate bacterial communication and possibly exchange of resistance genes (acquired resistance) and lead to a change in gene expression and production of virulence factors that are not typically expressed by planktonic forms. (ivis.org)
- [ 10 ] Multiple biofilm-specific mechanisms are operated simultaneously in a reversible and transient manner contributing to the high levels of antibiotic resistance of biofilms, and these are distinct from the well-characterized intrinsic resistance mechanisms (e.g., expression of antibiotic-degrading enzymes, inducible decrease in antibiotic influx, inducible increase in antibiotic efflux and alteration in antibiotic target sites) employed by planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
- The emphasis on the role of biofilms in the pathogenesis of various microbial diseases, as well as discussions of biofilm tolerance and antimicrobial resistance should also be helpful and interesting to anyone working in the field of healthcare delivery. (cdc.gov)
- In man-made water systems microbial biofilms increase the resistance of legionella to disinfection, posing a significant threat to public health. (frontiersin.org)
- Bacteria within biofilm communities have been shown to exhibit greater resistance against antimicrobial treatments than corresponding planktonic cells. (pall.com)
Strains3
- Bravo and colleagues [ 1 ] investigated the ability of Acinetobacter pittii strains to form biofilms after long-term desiccation if they were fed with nutrient media. (medscape.com)
- Despite the reduction in culturability over time, all strains that recovered from starvation on solid-surface experiments retained their capacity to form biofilms after rehydration, an addition of nutrients, and changing temperature. (medscape.com)
- Interestingly, internalization and persistence of planktonic bacteria varied significantly between strains, whereas biofilm bacteria were internalized in similar and higher numbers, and all strains persisted beyond 44 hours, showing a more homogenous phenotype. (lu.se)
Susceptibility3
- several of the contributions in this book specifically focus on the role of biofilms in disease processes (Chapters 6, 7, 8, 14, and 19) or biofilm susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (Chapters 2 and 13). (cdc.gov)
- Chapter 13 provides an excellent overview of antimicrobial tolerance in biofilms, with a good summary of the factors that can influence susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
- I found particularly helpful the use of tolerance factors to compare reduced susceptibility of different biofilm-associated organisms toward biocides, antiseptics, and antibiotic drugs. (cdc.gov)
Nutrients6
- it even provides something like a primitive circulatory system, distributing nutrients to cells throughout the biofilm. (technologyreview.com)
- [ 20 ] Starvation is also found in biofilms owing to nutrient consumption by peripheral cells and reduced diffusion of oxygen and nutrients through biofilms. (medscape.com)
- Based on the comparison of clean water and dirty water control bath toys, we argue that bath toy biofilms are influenced by (1) the organic carbon leaching from the flexible plastic material, (2) the chemical and biological tap water quality, (3) additional nutrients from care products and human body fluids in the bath water, as well as, (4) additional bacteria from dirt and/or the end-users' microbiome. (discovermagazine.com)
- However, in spite of its toughness, the matrix must remain permeable to nutrients and flexible so that the biofilm can continue to grow. (elifesciences.org)
- On the other hand, the biofilm limits the diffusive transport of nutrients and reaction products. (uni-bremen.de)
- Biofilm is established on the pegs under batch conditions (that is, no flow of nutrients into or out of an individual well) with gentle mixing. (astm.org)
Species6
- The ESF workshop also highlighted greater understanding of the complex interactions within biofilms, which often comprise not just one species of bacteria, but a whole host of different micro-organisms, including archaea, protozoa, fungi, and even tiny metazoa actually comprising multiple cells. (sciencedaily.com)
- A known antibiotic and antifungal compound produced by a soil microbe can inhibit another species of microbe from forming biofilms - -microbial mats that frequently are medically harmful -- without killing that microbe. (sciencedaily.com)
- This clearly shows that these are multi-species biofilms, so different bacteria colonize the same biofilm. (foodsafetynews.com)
- While Macrophen and Double Macrophen were the most active substances among polyamino-phenolic ligands, dendrimers were overall twofold more effective than all other compounds with a reduction up to 85 and 73% of legionella and multi-species biofilms, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
- While whole genome sequencing has led to the identification of biofilm synthesis gene clusters in many bacterial species, bioinformatics has not identified the biofilm synthesis genes within the L. monocytogenes genome. (harvard.edu)
- In contrast, against biofilms with 48 hours maturation, amphotericin B was more active against both species. (who.int)
Bacterium4
- A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
- They found that at low concentrations, the compound, DAPG (the acronym stands for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol), produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas protegens, did not kill the experimental target bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, but merely prevented it from forming biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
- Legionnaires' disease is a potentially fatal pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila , an aquatic bacterium often found within the biofilm niche. (frontiersin.org)
- Legionella pneumophila is perhaps the best-known waterborne bacterium colonizing biofilms, and it can be found in both central storage areas (e.g. water tanks) as well as peripheral water outlets. (pall.com)
Microbial cells1
- The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
Disinfection2
- Seven of the biofilm-positive samples were taken during work and three after cleaning and disinfection, including one at a screw conveyor. (foodsafetynews.com)
- External stress in the pipework, such as disinfection measures, can result in an increased expression of the biofilm phenotype cell which is responsible for the strong attachment of cells to a surface. (pall.com)
Aggregates3
- Detachment and expulsion of aggregates of biofilm allows the spread of infection and may facilitate thromboembolic disease. (ivis.org)
- Bacteria frequently grow in communities called biofilms, which are aggregates of cells and polymers. (virology.ws)
- Microscopy of internalized bacteria showed that planktonic bacteria were internalized in lower numbers as individual or small clumps of bacteria in the cytoplasm, whereas GAS biofilm bacteria displayed a pattern of perinuclear localization of bacterial aggregates that affected actin structure. (lu.se)
Catheter1
- MIT researchers are developing viruses to combat biofilms like this one, a group of bacteria growing inside a catheter. (technologyreview.com)
Medically important1
- Additionally, the experimental approach could be used to discover other, potentially medically important biofilm-inhibiting bacterial, said Shank. (sciencedaily.com)
Understanding of microbial1
- The target audience is biofilm researchers, but this second edition of the book should also be useful for healthcare practitioners seeking a better understanding of microbial biofilms in healthcare delivery. (cdc.gov)
Determinants2
- Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
- Dive into the research topics of 'Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
Reactor1
- For this purpose, a biofilm reactor compatible to MRI with an internal RF-coil will be designed. (uni-bremen.de)
Virulence factors1
Genes3
- [10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
- Mapping transcriptional regulation of biofilm-related genes promoters in Pseudomonas. (usp.br)
- In this sense, we aim to characterize the behaviour of different promoters of genes involved in biofilm regulation under different conditions and to search for possible new DNAbinding proteins associated with their promoter regions. (usp.br)
Reactors1
- Biofilm growth reactors are engineered to produce biofilms with specific characteristics. (astm.org)
Form11
- [8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
- Hydrophobicity can also affect the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. (wikipedia.org)
- Such a biofilm can also form on organs and implants, such as knee and hip prostheses or dental and cochlear implants. (l3s.de)
- How do Biofilms Form? (thepigsite.com)
- As single-celled organisms bacteria are exposed to a variety of stresses, but their ability to form multicellular structures called biofilms helps them to grow and survive in challenging environments. (elifesciences.org)
- Bacterial ability to form biofilms was verified using a crystal violet colorimetric assay and testing cell viability by real-time quantitative PCR and Plate Count assay. (frontiersin.org)
- Under low flow conditions, such as in dead legs, particularly thick biofilms can form. (pall.com)
- Most pathobionts of the respiratory tract form biofilms during asymptomatic colonization to survive and persist in this niche. (lu.se)
- We describe methods and models used to grow bacteria planktonically or to form biofilms in vitro by incorporating crucial host environmental factors, including the various carbon sources associated with specific niches, such as the nasopharynx or bloodstream. (lu.se)
- In the β-d-xylopyranoside treated cells, the biofilm level was only partially restored by the addition of cAMP, and these cells remained mainly as yeast-form cells. (lu.se)
- Because of the potential to form biofilm, CDC recommends that all dental unit waterlines be treated regularly with disinfectants to meet the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory standards for drinking water (i.e., ≤500 colony forming units (CFU)/mL of heterotrophic water bacteria). (cdc.gov)
Microbes1
- A biofilm is any group of microbes that stick together on a surface. (sciencedaily.com)
20181
- Cite this: Survival of the Slimiest: The Persistent Nature of Biofilms - Medscape - Mar 22, 2018. (medscape.com)
Polysaccharides2
- Biofilms are conglomerations of bacteria (or certain fungi) within a 'slime' of polysaccharides, proteins and DNA. (ivis.org)
- Amounts of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) in the biofilms. (figshare.com)
Communities5
- The ESF workshop highlighted the huge potential and importance of biofilms, and also drew attention to exciting work unravelling the complex genetic and cellular interactions within these small yet teeming communities. (sciencedaily.com)
- Biofilms are a mixture of complex communities of organisms mostly composed of diverse bacteria that vary depending on the surrounding environmental conditions induced by physical and chemical factors. (intechopen.com)
- Unsurprisingly, they found fungi (mold), as well as 'dense biofilms with complex bacterial and fungal communities. (discovermagazine.com)
- Here, we characterized biofilm communities inside 19 bath toys used under real conditions. (discovermagazine.com)
- Bacterial community compositions were diverse, showing many rare taxa in real bath toys and rather distinct communities in control bath toys, with a noticeable difference between clean and dirty water control biofilms. (discovermagazine.com)
Disinfectant1
- The established biofilm is transferred to a new receiver plate for disinfectant efficacy testing. (astm.org)
Interactions3
- They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
- Many biofilms are in fact complete micro-ecosystems, within which there is competition as well as cooperation, and unraveling the interactions will reveal valuable insights into how these evolved. (sciencedaily.com)
- A structural switch controls the architecture of Vibrio cholerae biofilms by mediating the interactions between two matrix components. (elifesciences.org)
Environments1
- We have created a built environment of buildings, homes, and industries that are associated with miles of pipe and warm water -- ideal growth environments for biofilms, that scum layer in pipes and places where water is continually present. (medscape.com)
Slime1
- Stage two is when biofilms produce a stickier, stronger slime that holds greatly on surface and weather shear forces. (bioeng.ca)
Planktonic bacteria1
Antimicrobial agents2
Surface6
- [8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
- This holds tremendous potential for averting biofilm formed by surface-anchored bacteria and could have a tremendous impact. (eurekalert.org)
- All examined bath toys revealed notable biofilms on their inner surface, with average total bacterial numbers of 5.5 × 106 cells/cm2 (clean water controls), 9.5 × 106 cells/cm2 (real bath toys), and 7.3 × 107 cells/cm2 (dirty water controls). (discovermagazine.com)
- Visualization of biofilms on the inner surface of bath toys. (discovermagazine.com)
- Biofilm population density is recorded as log 10 colony forming units per surface area. (astm.org)
- The biofilms were induced on the surface of heat -cured acrylic resin specimens that were previously treated with a mixture of adhesive /herb extracts. (bvsalud.org)
Teeth5
- Observation of biofilms dates back to the seventeenth century when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observed bacteria from the plaque biofilm of his teeth under his primitive microscope [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
- An example of a biofilm is the dental plaque on your teeth. (virology.ws)
- Explain to your patients that dental biofilm, or plaque, is not just a thin, sticky layer clinging to their teeth. (colgateprofessional.com)
- This directly connects to the idea of Whole Mouth Health: Maintaining a healthy mouth and body means caring for your teeth and oral soft tissue by brushing, flossing and rinsing to keep biofilm in balance and protect your oral and overall health. (colgateprofessional.com)
- Educating your patient on how biofilm affects the entire mouth - not just the teeth - can making a lasting impression on their health. (colgateprofessional.com)
Dental10
- Dental hygienists and patients sometimes talk about dental plaque, also known as dental biofilm, so often that it becomes mundane. (colgateprofessional.com)
- However, addressing dental biofilm removal includes more than just brushing and flossing. (colgateprofessional.com)
- Dimensions of Dental Hygiene emphasizes that biofilm as a whole, not a single type of bacteria, is what causes dental disease. (colgateprofessional.com)
- RDH Magazine reminds dental hygienists that in addition to encouraging patients to remove supragingival biofilm with brushing and rinsing, we also need to expand the ways we talk about why and how patients should remove subgingival dental biofilm. (colgateprofessional.com)
- Remember that not every patient will grasp how brushing, flossing and rinsing work together to help remove dental biofilm. (colgateprofessional.com)
- Objective: This study quantified dental biofilm through the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), by Greene and Vermillion, in children with dental erosion, comparing them with children without this oral health condition. (bvsalud.org)
- Conclusions: Children with dental erosion showed significantly less biofilm compared to children without this condition. (bvsalud.org)
- Biofilm may be a potential protection factor against acid attacks and the development of dental erosion. (bvsalud.org)
- Dental biofilm. (bvsalud.org)
- 6 Biofilms occur in dental unit waterlines due to the long, small-diameter tubing and low flow rates used in dentistry and the frequent periods of stagnation. (cdc.gov)
Chapter2
- Chapter 1 provides a balanced comparison of static and continuous flow methods for growing biofilms that should be beneficial for researchers investigating biofilm development or dispersion, and for applied studies evaluating new treatment strategies for biofilm prevention and control. (cdc.gov)
- Chapter 1 also provides a helpful but brief discussion of the use of "omic" approaches (i.e., genomic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic) in the study and characterization of biofilms. (cdc.gov)
Vitro1
- Protocols to evaluate biofilm control strategies in vivo are needed, since in vitro methods may not predict performance under the more robust conditions provided in an animal model ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Eradicate2
- This study ï¬ nds that colicins can eradicate antibiotic-tolerant bacteria and biofilm cells and that CFPS is a promising platform for rapid production, optimization, and characterization of toxic proteins. (aiche.org)
- It is extremely difficult to completely eradicate the biofilm community once established. (pall.com)
Characterization2
- However, animal model systems for the characterization of bacterial biofilms are not described. (cdc.gov)
- In this project, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is applied for the characterization of electroactive biofilms in porous electrodes. (uni-bremen.de)
Cells12
- Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
- Yet there is also great excitement about an emerging application that could have some potential for green energy production - the use of biofilms to power microbial fuel cells whose fuel could be wastewater, as outlined at the ESF workshop by Cristian Picioreanu, Delft University of Technology. (sciencedaily.com)
- Biofilms, a complex aggregation of cells embedded in a polysaccharide matrix, have been of interest for a long time in history - right when Antoine van Leuwenhoek examined a scraping of his tooth plaqueunder a microscope that he had built 1 . (nature.com)
- The peripheral cells of the biofilm have the advantage of direct access to glutamate. (nature.com)
- Cells in the interior, on the other hand, depend on the leftover glutamate that diffuses inwards in the biofilm, but do not lose gaseous molecules as rapidly as the peripheral cells. (nature.com)
- Thus cells in different regions of the biofilm will likely exhibit differences in their metabolic behavior 7 . (nature.com)
- The biofilm holds onto much of its green color which means that many of the cells in the interior of the biofilm retain their membrane integrity. (montana.edu)
- Colicin treatment was also effective in killing biofilm cells. (aiche.org)
- 5.1 Vegetative biofilm bacteria are phenotypically different from suspended planktonic cells of the same genotype. (astm.org)
- 1.4 This test method describes how to sample the biofilm and quantify viable cells. (astm.org)
- The addition of cAMP to cells treated with α-l-fucopyranoside restored the yeast-hyphae switch and the biofilm level to that of the untreated control. (lu.se)
- The M3 protein, but not the M1 or M5 proteins, was required for optimal uptake and persistence of both planktonic and biofilm bacteria inside cells. (lu.se)
Occur2
- If food comes into contact with these biofilms, contamination may occur. (foodsafetynews.com)
- The majority of bacteria in a water pipework live within biofilm (about 95%) and only about 5% occur in the water (planktonic) phase. (pall.com)
Metabolism1
- In current research, porous electrodes are developed considering the biofilm density, its metabolism and the occurring transport phenomena. (uni-bremen.de)
Researchers7
- The two researchers have engineered viruses that attack both the bacteria and the carbohydrates that hold them together-eliminating, for example, more than 99 percent of the E. coli in a model biofilm. (technologyreview.com)
- If such bacteria-attacking viruses prove safe for industrial and clinical use, researchers could develop stocks of different kinds of viruses, each tailored to attack a different kind of biofilm. (technologyreview.com)
- Naturally occurring viruses can attack biofilms, but the researchers' genetic modifications increased viruses' effectiveness by two orders of magnitude. (technologyreview.com)
- The new technique will allow researchers to build bacteriophage cocktails for attacking all kinds of biofilms. (technologyreview.com)
- In summary, Microbial Biofilms is a useful compendium suitable for students and a practical guide for researchers investigating new biofilm treatment strategies. (cdc.gov)
- In the experiment described in the following images and movies, researchers at the Center for Biofilm Engineering visualized the interaction of two common biocides, a quaternary ammonium compound and free chlorine, on a staphylococcal biofilm. (montana.edu)
- Researchers isolated bacteria from the biofilm-positive samples and characterized them. (foodsafetynews.com)
Infection1
- For example, a search using PubMed for 2004-2016 identified 488 publications when using the search terms "biofilm and healthcare-associated infection" and 7,303 publications using the search terms "biofilm and public health," compared to 73 and 1,459 publications, respectively, for 1992-2003. (cdc.gov)
Cystic fibrosis1
- Biofilms comprising millions of bacteria are at the root of many serious chronic infectious diseases such as cystic fibrosis and periodontal disease, as well as industrial contamination, biofouling and biocorrosion. (sciencedaily.com)