• Because Pd sites responsible for fatty acid decarboxylation are poisoned at sulfur concentrations [S] typical of crude CBFA samples (100-150 ppm), post-recovery purification procedures were developed and evaluated based on their efficacy in reducing S-containing impurities. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Differential expression of mitochondrial transporter proteins leads to incomplete fatty acid oxidation and insulin resistance in palmitate-treated muscle cells. (mitoeagle.org)
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to reduced fatty acid oxidation, which is also found in obesity associated insulin resistance [1]. (mitoeagle.org)
  • The impact of lipotoxicity on the genes regulating fatty acid oxidation in insulin resistant skeletal muscles was studied in our laboratory. (mitoeagle.org)
  • We report for the first time that high concentration of palmitic acid differentially expresses the carnitine palmitoyl transferase isoforms associated with fatty acid-transport and thus alters their ratio in muscle cells leading to incomplete fatty acid oxidation (Fig. 1). (mitoeagle.org)
  • The carnitine palmitoyl transferase isoforms are a very important mitochondrial fatty acyl transporter that subsequently maintains the rate of fatty acid oxidation. (mitoeagle.org)
  • PPARa agonist reinstated the ratio of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) isoforms in PA-treated muscle cells and thus normalized the rate of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as well as the insulin-mediated glucose uptake. (mitoeagle.org)
  • This programme was supported by high fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial oxidation and relied on highly polarized mitochondria and autophagy. (biomed.news)
  • With respect to the WAT metabolism, we aim to understand the importance of a "futile" cycle involving the triglyceride hydrolysis and re-esterification of fatty acids (triglyceride/fatty acid cycling) in adipocytes of WAT for resistance to obesity and associated metabolic disorders, namely in the context of calorie restriction, omega-3 administration and cold exposure. (cas.cz)
  • Her laboratory developed a sophisticated platform for deep and comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and energy transduction. (dukecancerinstitute.org)
  • Metabolic reprogramming from glycolysis to the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation may mediate macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. (biomed.news)
  • ketoacidosis De novo synthesis of fatty acids (Palmitic acid) Biological significance of cholesterol and conversion of cholesterol into bile acids, steroid hormone and vitamin D Disorders of lipid metabolism: Hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, fatty liver and obesity. (aktunotes.in)
  • Cysteine, a thiol-containing amino acid, is crucial for the synthesis of sulfur-containing biomolecules that control multiple essential cellular activities. (biomed.news)
  • Around mile 20 of a marathon, runners typically "hit the wall," having depleted their glycogen reserves they then attain "second wind" which is entirely aerobic metabolism primarily by free fatty acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Renewing interest in the study of intermediate metabolism and cellular bioenergetics is brought on by the global increase in the prevalence of metabolic illnesses. (mdpi.com)
  • The Glucose Homeostasis Unit (PI: M. Rossmeisl), investigates the mechanisms associated with the effect of dietary lipids on metabolism, with a special focus on omega-3 fatty acids and different lipid forms of their administration. (cas.cz)
  • The loss of MCEE results in reduced propionate-driven anaplerotic flux and intracellular and intratumoral accumulation of methylmalonic acid, a by-product of propionate metabolism that promotes cancer cell invasiveness. (biomed.news)
  • Write notes on : Cellulose Anomers Epimers Mutarotation Inulin Homopolysaccharides Heteropolysaccharides Hyaluronic acid Chondroitin sulfates Heparin Glycoaminoglycans Optical isomerism Lipids Most Important Questions: What are lipids? (hktechnical.com)
  • PDC sits at the transition between glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is a major producer of acetyl-CoA, marking it as a potential metabolic and epigenetic node. (biomed.news)
  • More recently, in collaboration with the 3rd Faculty of Medicine, we have been involved in studies aimed at understanding the role of adipose tissue in the beneficial metabolic effects of exercise, including the role of lipokines secreted by adipose tissue, such as Fatty Acyl esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs), particularly those of the PAHSA family. (cas.cz)
  • Uptake and oxidation of long chain fatty acids by mitochondria are reportedly impaired in skeletal muscles of obese diabetic individuals having insulin resistance [2]. (mitoeagle.org)
  • helical structure is kept by the formation of _____ bonds among amino acids molecules. (r4r.in)
  • The resulting intramuscular fatty acids and their metabolite deposition lead to oxidative stress and activation of multiple stress-responsive signalling leading to insulin signalling defects [3]. (mitoeagle.org)
  • Herein, we show that genetic ablation of PDC activity in T cells ( TPdh -/- ) leads to marked perturbations in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and OXPHOS. (biomed.news)
  • Fatty acids are synthesized by considering special factors such as the physiology of the fish and the state of its environment. (questionsonislam.com)
  • Fatty acids are the simplest fats synthesized in cells and they participate in the structure of complex fats that are to perform specific tasks in cells. (questionsonislam.com)
  • Furthermore, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and bioenergetics studies identify defects in fatty acid utilization, and alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics can additionally propel stem cell deficits. (nature.com)
  • What is ability of inflamed endothelium to uptake exogenous saturated fatty acids? (jcet.eu)
  • Around mile 20 of a marathon, runners typically "hit the wall," having depleted their glycogen reserves they then attain "second wind" which is entirely aerobic metabolism primarily by free fatty acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Walnuts are a rich source of α-linolenic acid (ALA), an essential n3-fatty acid and the precursor for n3-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA), which might potentially improve mitochondrial function. (mdpi.com)
  • Plasma alanine aminotransferase levels, hepatic expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, fatty acid synthesis-related genes, oxidative stress biomarker 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and apoptosis marker terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the liver were decreased in the HW and PGZ groups. (researchgate.net)
  • What are fatty acids? (hktechnical.com)
  • ketoacidosis De novo synthesis of fatty acids (Palmitic acid) Biological significance of cholesterol and conversion of cholesterol into bile acids, steroid hormone and vitamin D Disorders of lipid metabolism: Hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, fatty liver and obesity. (hktechnical.com)
  • Currently, the lab is exploring new anti-diabetic lipids, fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids and lipid-related metabolic pathways using stable isotopes and LIMeX platform. (cas.cz)
  • In 2014, a class of WAT-born lipid mediators - fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) was discovered. (cas.cz)
  • The main objective of this project is to explore structure, mechanisms of action, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of novel lipokines - branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 series (Omega-3) using obesity and inflammation models. (cas.cz)
  • The adipose tissue significantly affects the whole-body metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, which also involves fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA), lipid mediators that affect glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in target tissues. (cas.cz)
  • Bioenergetics is the field of biology that studies bioenergetic systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study selected two potential allelochemicals 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and quinic acid to explore their effects on a diatom Nitzschia closterium and an economic seaweed Monostroma nitidum . (techscience.com)
  • The ATP-CP series and the lactic acid series are anaerobic, whereas the oxygen series is aerobic. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ATP-CP system neither uses oxygen nor produces lactic acid if oxygen is unavailable and is thus called alactic anaerobic. (wikipedia.org)