• However, the microbial metabolic pathway of the fungicide and the genetic systems driving its degradation by strain P3 remain unknown. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, elucidation of the microbial metabolic pathway of OPP is a prerequisite for the downstream exploitation of strain P3 in any environmental application. (nature.com)
  • This work assessed the removal of ciprofloxacin in an enriched nitrifying MBBR by clarifying the contribution of adsorption and microbial-induced biodegradation. (edu.au)
  • I use primers and probes to key genes in the degradation pathways of various environmental contaminants to determine how the microbial community as a whole responds to that contaminant. (southalabama.edu)
  • 2006. Microbial dioxygenase gene population shifts during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. (nih.gov)
  • In subsurface environments contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs), the steep geochemical and redox gradients near the water table, the oxygen availability, moisture content, salinity, pH, nutrient concentrations and temperature, modulate microbial pathways and process rates that affect the fate of hydrocarbons. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Like other PAH pollutants, different means are available for its remediation in the environment, including microbial biodegradation. (scienceopen.com)
  • P7: Evaluating its degradation capacity and metabolic pathways. (bvsalud.org)
  • These health concerns have demonstrated that clearance and oxidation of single wall carbon been associated - to a large extent - with the reported long ``life- nanotubes (SWCNT) in the lungs after their pharyngeal span'' of SWCNT in the lung thus necessitating exploration of aspiration was markedly less effective whereas inflammatory possible metabolic pathways leading to their biodegradation. (cdc.gov)
  • The developed model also suggested the importance of AOB-induced cometabolism and metabolism over heterotrophs-induced biodegradation by analyzing the respective biodegradation coefficients. (edu.au)
  • Our detailed studies have revealed the role and contribution of different oxidative enzymes of inflammatory cells - myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, lactoperoxidase, hemoglobin, and xanthine oxidase - to the reactions of nanoparticle biodegradation. (cdc.gov)
  • Mechanistically, we deciphered the significance of immobilized peroxidase reactive intermediates vs diffusible small molecule oxidants (hypochlorous and hypobromous acids) for the overall oxidative biodegradation process in neutrophils and eosinophils. (cdc.gov)
  • We also deciphered the peroxynitrite-driven pathways realized in macrophages via the engagement of NADPH oxidase- and NO synthase-triggered oxidative mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
  • We documented possible involvement of oxidative machinery of other professional phagocytes such as microglial cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in the context of biodegradation relevant to targeted drug delivery. (cdc.gov)
  • Our results provide direct evidence for the participation of MPO - one of the key-orchestrators of inflammatory response - in the in vivo pulmonary oxidative biodegradation of SWCNT and suggest new ways to control the biopersistence of nanomaterials through genetic or pharmacological manipulations. (cdc.gov)
  • Biopersistence of carbon nanotubes (CNT) - resulting from their (neutrophils), - involved in the principal defense mechanisms of inherent durability [1,2] is one the major stumbling blocks on the innate immunity -was also effective in oxidative biodegradation of way of their broad biomedical applications. (cdc.gov)
  • However, in soil co-contaminated with DEP and MeOH, biodegradation of the phthalate to PA resulted in the formation of three compounds, in addition to MEP. (kent.ac.uk)
  • These were characterised by gas chromatography-electron ionisation mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance as ethyl methyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate and monomethyl phthalate, and indicated the existence of an alternative pathway for the degradation of DEP in Soil co-contaminated with MeOH. (kent.ac.uk)
  • 1982). Photolysis and hydrolysis are the most important environmental fate processes, however, biodegradation also occurs in water, soil, and sediment. (cdc.gov)
  • Kinetics and pathways of sulfonamide biodegradation by soil bacteria, 2013 to present 1. (livecareer.com)
  • Given its ability to represent the dominant processes controlling CH4 and CO2 fluxes and porewater chemical changes, this modeling approach can be used to simulate the sensitivity of soil biodegradation processes to FTC frequency and duration driven by temperature fluctuations in anoxic soil conditions. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • A ten-month soil column experiment to simulate the effects of water table fluctuations on methanogenic PHCs biodegradation rates and pathways was conducted. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Organic Waste Systems (OWS), an independent research laboratory based in Belgium and specialised in the field of biodegradability and compostability, published an expert statement on biodegradable mulch films, which takes a closer look at the biochemical pathway of biodegradation and the accumulation of plastics in the soil. (european-bioplastics.org)
  • Biodegradation in soil of a certified PBAT mulch film (certified as biodegradable in soil). (european-bioplastics.org)
  • 2021. Differential roles of three different upper pathway meta ring cleavage product hydrolases in the degradation of dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran by Sphingomonas wittichii strain RW1. (nih.gov)
  • However, in reality there are many other potential degradation pathways. (dsm.com)
  • The highest ciprofloxacin biodegradation rate constant was 0.082 L g SS-1 h-1 in the presence of ammonium, owing to ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB)-induced cometabolism, while heterotrophs played an insignificant role (∼9%) in ciprofloxacin biodegradation. (edu.au)
  • FTCs and WTFs modify the biogeochemical and physical processes controlling the biodegradation of PHCs and the associated generation of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • This chapter covers an overview of biodegradation, factors and challenges associated with biodegradation processes, involvement of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in biodegradation, and biodegradable nanomaterials. (intechopen.com)
  • The rest will be broken down through biodegradation pathways and hydrolysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Our review of PCB biological transformation research suggests a large potential for biological transformation of PCBs using anaerobic reductive dechlorination, with several mediating organisms and effective pathways identified. (witpress.com)
  • Biodegradation is the most viable alternative for numerous health and environmental issues associated with non-biodegradable materials. (intechopen.com)
  • The first involves isolating pure cultures involved in the degradation of specific chemical compounds and characterising the genes and enzymes involved in the degradation pathway. (southalabama.edu)
  • A diffusion-reaction model that accounts for the effects of FTCs on methanogenic toluene biodegradation was developed. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The database provides the possibility to store and view experimentally observed biotransformation pathways. (re3data.org)
  • The pathway prediction system provides different relative reasoning models to predict likely biotransformation pathways and products. (re3data.org)
  • Different mechanisms have been proposed previously for the biodegradation of monomethyl sulphate (MMS) in Agrobacterium sp. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • OPUS at UTS: Unravelling ciprofloxacin removal in a nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor: Biodegradation mechanisms and pathways. (edu.au)
  • We established the importance of genetic factors and their manipulations for the enzymatic biodegradation in vivo. (cdc.gov)
  • Obtained results clearly demonstrate that analysis of molecular dynamics simulation is essential for the estimation of pathway characteristics and elucidation of the structural basis of the tunnel gating. (plos.org)
  • This has been shown in published pathways of phenanthrene biodegradation implicating various intermediary metabolites, including 2,2-diphenic acid, which is a downline metabolite of 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene. (scienceopen.com)
  • In the course of degrading phenanthrene, certain pathways are followed and characterized by various intermediary metabolites. (scienceopen.com)
  • These studies differ from most standard biodegradation studies based on their complexity and the necessity to derive a pathway through the identification of metabolites over the course of the study. (smithersapex.com)
  • Higher-tiered biodegradation tests designed to simulate the natural environment in which a test substance is applied or enters. (smithersapex.com)
  • Our extensive studies during the subsequent period - funded by this grant - have demonstrated that successful biodegradation is one of the major factors defining the life span and biological responses to nanoparticle s. (cdc.gov)
  • and biological pathways information. (enhesa.com)
  • Characteristics of individual transport pathways, including their geometry, physico-chemical properties and dynamics are instrumental for understanding of structure-function relationships of these proteins, for the design of new inhibitors and construction of improved biocatalysts. (plos.org)
  • Transport pathways play an essential role in the functioning of a large number of proteins. (plos.org)
  • The downstream transformation of BA involved a meta -cleavage pathway, although its genetic organization and function was not revealed and the overall network of genes driving the full metabolic pathway of OPP is still not known. (nature.com)
  • Cometabolic biodegradation pathways of ciprofloxacin mainly involved the piperazine ring cleavage, probably alleviating antimicrobial activities. (edu.au)
  • 2021. Separate upper pathway ring cleavage dioxygenases are required for growth of Sphingomonas wittichii strain RW1 on dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin. (nih.gov)
  • phenol carbon is thus unequivocally assimilated by the alga, Phenol-grown cultures of O. danica converted phenols to the corresponding catechols, which were further metabolized by the meta-cleavage pathway, This surprising result was rigorously confirmed by taking the working stock culture through a variety of procedures to check that it was axenic and repeating the experiments with algal extracts. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • This is, as far as is known, the first definitive identification of the meta-cleavage pathway for aromatic ring degradation in a eukaryotic alga, though its incidence in other eukaryotes has been (infrequently) suggested. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, based on differentially expressed genes and WGCNA analyses, we found that the hypoxia signaling pathway was enriched under heat shock conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) Wiki serves as the primary repository of qualitative information for the international AOP development effort coordinated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (enhesa.com)
  • Besides many tiny cavities, this empty internal spa`ce may form cavities of specific functions, as well as tunnels and channels (or pores), representing potential transport pathways for small molecules, ions and water molecules [1] . (plos.org)
  • A trajectory from a molecular dynamics simulation serves as the typical input, while detailed characteristics and summary statistics of the time evolution of individual pathways are provided in the outputs. (plos.org)
  • It describes an AOP in terms of key events (KEs), which represent measurable steps along a pathway from a molecular perturbation to an adverse outcome for an organism or population. (enhesa.com)
  • The latter is significantly higher than the water solubility of Isoraldeine 95, which has been determined to be 23.1 mg/L. This means that the biodegradation rate will be controlled by the dissolution rate and likely explains why the 10-day window in the study performed at 100mg/L was not quite met. (europa.eu)
  • 6 identified a gene cluster, hbpCAD , encoding the upper metabolic pathway of OPP which involves the transformation of OPP to 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoateand benzoic acid (BA). (nature.com)
  • Overall, this chapter provides a synopsis of how the involvement of nanotechnology would benefit the process of biodegradation. (intechopen.com)
  • Carbon nanotube biodegradation by neutrophil myeloperoxidase. (cdc.gov)
  • The 2,2-diphenic acid is equivalent in position to 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, which terminates the phenanthrene upper metabolic pathway. (scienceopen.com)
  • For two impurities (CAS 51703-99-2 and CAS 138506-81-7), the only structural difference compared to the main constituent is the position of the double bond associated with the cyclohexyl ring, which is not expected to significantly affect biodegradation properties. (europa.eu)
  • CAVER is a software tool widely used for the identification and characterization of transport pathways in static macromolecular structures. (plos.org)
  • For this reason the biodegradation study on Isoraldeine 95 (Rudio 1997) was considered reliability with restrictions and used only as a supporting study. (europa.eu)
  • Biodegradation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) has been shown to occur as a series of sequential steps common to the degradation of all phthalates. (kent.ac.uk)