• Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics calculations suggested that the geometry of the exposed cobalt coordination site in the cobalt-tannic acid networks facilitated its favorable interactions with histidine and methionine residues in the amyloid beta peptides. (edu.au)
  • This motif was changed to be hhhhDE, where E denotes a glutamate residue. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aspartate residue co-ordinates magnesium ions, and the glutamate is essential for ATP hydrolysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1993 ). Catalysis of protein substrates is (most probably) carried out via a general base mechanism involving activation of a zinc-bound water molecule by the carboxylate group of the conserved glutamate residue in the catalytic pocket followed by attack of water on the polarized carbonyl group in the substrate's scissile bond (Browner et al. (evelinvahter.com)
  • The most recently identified aSyn mutation causes the substitution of alanine at position 53 by a glutamate residue (A53E), identified in a 36 year-old Finnish patient with atypical PD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data suggest that the negatively charged glutamate residue may affect the folding and, consequently, the aggregation process of the protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intrinsically disordered regions in Pex13 and Pex5 resemble those found in nuclear pore complex proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • The A-loop (aromatic residue interacting with the adenine ring of ATP) refers to conserved aromatic amino acids, essential for ATP-binding, found in about 25 amino acids upstream of the Walker A motif in a subset of P-loop proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The solid residues from aromatic plant distillation such as lavender- and lavandin-distilled. (researchgate.net)
  • The C P residue is conserved in all Prx enzymes. (molcells.org)
  • 2-Cys Prx enzymes are homodimeric and contain two conserved (C P and C R ) cysteine residues per subunit. (molcells.org)
  • Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) comprise a family of enzymes that cleave protein substrates based on a conserved mechanism involving activation of an active site-bound water molecule by a Zn 2+ ion. (evelinvahter.com)
  • Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized proteinaceous compounds produced by bacteria to protect themselves as well as to competitively colonize in the gut through elimination of undesirable organisms. (researchsquare.com)
  • These amyloid plaques are immunoreactive with antibodies to the prion protein and do not immunoreact with antibodies to other amyloidogenic proteins, such as the amyloid-beta (which is deposited in Alzheimer disease). (medscape.com)
  • There is considerable variability in the sequence of this motif, with the only invariant features being a negatively charged residue following a stretch of bulky, hydrophobic amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indeed, within the pyrenoids of eukaryotic algae, the functional homologues of carboxysomes, Rubisco adopts a liquid-like state by interacting with the intrinsically disordered protein EPYC1 14 . (nature.com)
  • The carboxy-terminal part comprises an intrinsically disordered low-complexity domain (LCD), which contains regions enriched in glycine, hydrophobic residues, and glutamine and asparagine (Q/N). The DIX domain, RRMs and LCD all contribute to the association of TDP-43 with ribonucleoprotein granules and RNA10,11. (lafurnitura.com)
  • Six subtypes of sCJD have been classified according to the prion protein (PrP) genotype at codon 129 (methionine [M]/M, M/valine [V], VV) and the biochemical profile of the protease-resistant core of the abnormal disease-specific PrP (PrP res ) (PrP res type 1 or PrP res type 2A or 2B) ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • 1987 ). This superfamily of proteases is defined by the presence of a Zn 2+ ion at the catalytic center, which is coordinated by three histidine residues in the zinc-binding consensus sequence HExxHxxGxxH that is present in all proteolytically active metzincins, and a characteristic, strictly conserved methionine-containing tight 1,4 beta turn forming a hydrophobic cleft for the catalytic zinc ion (Bode et al. (evelinvahter.com)
  • The infectious agent in the prion disease is composed mainly or entirely of an abnormal conformation of a host-encoded glycoprotein called the prion protein. (medscape.com)
  • The replication of prions involves the recruitment of the normally expressed prion protein, which has mainly an alpha-helical structure, into a disease-specific conformation that is rich in beta-sheet. (medscape.com)
  • The human cellular prion protein (PrP C ) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane glycoprotein with two N-glycosylation sites at residues 181 and 197. (mdpi.com)
  • Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) can occur in persons of all codon 129 genotypes in the human prion protein gene ( PRNP ) and is characterized by a unique biochemical profile when compared with other human prion diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Small deposits of prion protein accumulated in the brains of inoculated mice after challenge with brain material from VV VPSPr patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Experimental transmission of brain tissue from patients of these 6 different sCJD subtypes into 3 transgenic mouse lines expressing different human prion protein gene PRNP sequences (coding for 129MM, MV, and VV) has identified 4 distinct strains of the CJD agent ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The motif has the pattern G-x(4)-GK-[TS], where G, K, T and S denote glycine, lysine, threonine and serine residues respectively, and x denotes any amino acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have also identified critical amino acids and monosaccharides (Gal and GlcNAc) that contributed significantly to the protein-ligand binding through the per-residue decomposition of binding free energy. (bvsalud.org)
  • All the estimated nutritional parameters based on amino acids composition suggested that Nile tilapia protein hydrolysates and concentrates have good nutritional quality and could be used as protein ingredient in food industries. (scialert.net)
  • To reach ileal digestible amino acid requirements with less-digestible protein ingredients, the total amount of protein in the diet will increase. (efeedlink.com)
  • There are 10°* ways to arrange aminoacids in a medium sized protein chain of 250 amino acids. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Guided by these determinations, the antibody is accordingly modified (altered) to improve upon, e.g., antibody/antigen binding by modifying at least one amino acid residue to decrease the binding free energy between the antibody and antigen when bound in a solvent. (justia.com)
  • The CDRs of V H and V L are held in close proximity by the FRs, and amino acid residues within the CDRs bind the antigen. (justia.com)
  • The P-loop is best known for its presence in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins, and is also found in a variety of proteins with phosphorylated substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we define the precise Rab29 binding region of the LRRK2 Armadillo domain between residues 360-450 and show that this domain, termed 'Site #1', can also bind additional LRRK2 substrates, Rab8A and Rab10. (stanford.edu)
  • This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Although initially thought to be solely a membrane anchor, the transmembrane domains of several viruses have been shown to be important for the functionality of fusion proteins. (uky.edu)
  • A large pore is formed by transmembrane proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • A recent cryo-EM study involving four individuals with FTLD-TDP types A-D in the absence of ALS did not find amyloid filaments of TDP-43 and reported that filaments of transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) characterize FTLD-TDP instead21. (lafurnitura.com)
  • The conserved sequence of this motif is C-x(5)-R-[ST], where C and R denote cysteine and arginine residues respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peroxides oxidize the C P -SH to cysteine sulfenic acid (C P ?SOH), which then reacts with another cysteine residue, named the "resolving" Cys (C R ) to form a disulfide that is subsequently reduced by an appropriate electron donor to complete a catalytic cycle. (molcells.org)
  • The matrix proteins of many enveloped viruses have been shown to associate in high order oligomers to form a grid- like array underneath the plasma membrane, where they can induce membrane curvature to allow for the budding of viral particles. (uky.edu)
  • One of these newly uncovered roles for viral matrix proteins involves the regulation of viral RNA synthesis. (uky.edu)
  • Most peroxisomal membrane proteins do not have PTS1 or PTS2, and insertion requires several peroxins distinct from those required for import of soluble matrix proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • Experimentally, we are involved, in collaboration with the Glockshuber group (ETHZ), in structural studies of a proteinaceous organelle, the type 1 pilus from uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), and in particular of its main subunit FimA. (psi.ch)
  • The 48 kDa subunit, RETINOBLASTOMA-BINDING PROTEIN 4, is also a component of several other protein complexes involved in chromatin remodeling. (lookformedical.com)
  • Although initially discovered as a retinoblastoma binding protein it has an affinity for core HISTONES and is a subunit of chromatin assembly factor-1 and polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is found as a subunit of protein complexes that are in involved in the enzymatic modification of histones including the Mi2 and Sin3 histone deacetylase complexes and the polycomb repressive complex 2. (lookformedical.com)
  • [ 5 ] Prusiner introduced the term prion to indicate that scrapie is related to a proteinaceous infectious particle (PrP). (medscape.com)
  • TSEs are caused by a transmissible proteinaceous particle, which is yet to be fully characterized. (medscape.com)
  • Protein functional properties are determined to a large extent by a protein s physicochemical and structural properties ( Diniz and Martin, 1997 ). (scialert.net)
  • He also made significant contributions to computational structural biology, particularly in the analysis of protein-protein interfaces. (psi.ch)
  • We are interested in protein structure both from a structure determination and from a structural bioinformatics perspective, which means obtaining high resolution "bioimages" of proteins and extracting as much information as possible from them. (psi.ch)
  • The repeating structural units of chromatin, each consisting of approximately 200 base pairs of DNA wound around a protein core. (lookformedical.com)
  • To address this, several biochemical assays have been utilized to address the function of the TMDs of paramyxo-and pneumovirus fusion proteins. (uky.edu)
  • Thus, the principle of protein or peptide haptenation could be used in in vitro assays to predict the sensitization potential of a new chemical entity. (cdc.gov)
  • Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. (lookformedical.com)
  • The expression of foreign genes using recombinant DNA technology in various host systems has permitted the production of human proteins of therapeutic interest in high amounts. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Over two dozen proteins involved in protein import and membrane insertion, peroxins, encoded by PEX genes, have been characterized. (tcdb.org)
  • The molecular approach of using Geneious Prime software and protein prediction data base for characterization of bacteriocin is novel and predicts " KSSAYSLQMGATAIKQVKKLFKKWGW " as peptide responsible for antimicrobial activity. (researchsquare.com)
  • Nucleic acid-dependent ATPases: helicases, Swi2, and PhoH (InterPro: IPR003714) AAA proteins STAND NTPases including MJ, PH, AP, and NACHT ATPases ABC-PilT ATPases Nucleotide kinases (InterPro: IPR000850) G domain proteins: G-proteins (transducin), myosin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Highly divergent hypotheses have been put forward regarding the makeup of the prions, including that they consist of nucleic acid only or protein only, are lacking both protein and nucleic acid, or are a polysaccharide. (medscape.com)
  • Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)
  • 2016). As the first step we used Ka/Ks ratios to detect if a protein-protein interface has a biological character (CRK method, Schärer et al. (psi.ch)
  • The latter represents a conformationally modified form of a normal cellular PrP C , which is a normal host protein found on the surface of many cells, in particular neurons. (medscape.com)
  • The exact function of aSyn remains unclear, but it is known to be associated with vesicles and membranes, and to have an impact on important cellular functions such as intracellular trafficking and protein degradation systems, leading to cellular pathologies that can be readily studied in cell-based models. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of polypeptides and their associated ligands. (lookformedical.com)
  • Research projects in protein-design require a close cooperation between groupsspecialising in protein-isolation and purification, in fermentation techniques, in genetic-engineering, in DNAsynthesis and protein-crystallography (protein-NMR techniques are being established). (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), generated by SPO11 and accessory proteins (de Massy 2013 ). (springer.com)
  • Phycobilisomes contain several phycobiliproteins (PBPs) which are a category of proteinaceous accessory pigments that allow these algal species to harvest light energy outside the wavelengths absorbed by chlorophyll and carotenoids, and are responsible for about 50% of light capture from cyanobacteria and red algae1. (m0b1le.net)
  • Pex4p is a membrane protein that may facilitate cycling of Pex5p back to the cytosol. (tcdb.org)
  • The peroxisomal protein import machinery, which shares similarities with chloroplasts, is unique in transporting folded and large (up to 10 nm in diameter) protein complexes into peroxisomes. (tcdb.org)
  • They then transfer the energy to the protein chlorophyll complexes of photosystem 2 in the photosynthetic lamellae2. (m0b1le.net)
  • One pathway, which has been extensively studied in yeast, is mainly guided by chromatin structure and the other, analyzed in detail in mice, is driven by the sequence-specific DNA-binding PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9). (springer.com)
  • 2009 ). At a larger scale, DSB formation occurs in the context of a specific chromosome architecture that consists of chromatin loops anchored to a proteinaceous axis (Zickler and Kleckner 1999 ). (springer.com)
  • DSB sites are preferentially located within chromatin loops, while several proteins that are required for DSB formation (Rec114, Mei4, and Mer2) localize on the chromosome axis (Blat et al. (springer.com)
  • A retinoblastoma-binding protein that is involved in CHROMATIN REMODELING, histone deacetylation, and repression of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION. (lookformedical.com)
  • The amount and composition of corona proteins were evaluated by both SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS. MPNs with tannic acid as the phenolic ligand showed no significant difference with varied metals in both corona protein content and cell association. (edu.au)
  • A histone chaperone protein that plays a role in the deposition of NUCLEOSOMES on newly synthesized DNA. (lookformedical.com)
  • These were first reported in ATP-binding proteins by Walker and co-workers in 1982. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation loop Autophosphorylation Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Cell signaling Cyclin-dependent kinase G protein-coupled receptor Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase Phosphatase Phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases Phospholipid Phosphoprotein Phosphorylation Phosphotransferase Signal transduction Thymidine kinase Thymidine kinase in clinical chemistry Thymidylate kinase Wall-associated kinase Walker JE, Saraste M, Runswick MJ, Gay NJ (1982). (wikipedia.org)
  • The third part of this PhD research further investigated the bio-nano interactions of AuNP@MPNs in the complex protein system - human serum. (edu.au)
  • The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • However, the inability of microbes to perform mammalian-type of posttranslational modifications of proteins is a major shortcoming. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Principle mammalian types of protein modifications are N- and O-glycosylation. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Results are presented that have been obtained by our group during the last four years concerning the expression of the glycoproteins human Interleukin 2 (Il-2) and Interferon-8 (IFN-8) in different mammalian cell lines, the determination of their carbohydrate residues, the effect of site-directed mutagenesis on their carbohydrate attachment sites and the insertion of peptide domains which function as acceptors for carbohydrates. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • aSyn is a disordered and abundant neuronal protein whose normal function is still elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The abnormal assembly of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in neuronal and glial cells characterizes nearly all cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and around half of cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)1,2. (lafurnitura.com)
  • The long term goal of our research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which proteins are targeted to specific and distinct compartments. (stanford.edu)
  • The basis of hapten- molecular mechanisms of the sensitization pro- protein binding work is the hypothesis that upon cess will result in novel opportunities for the skin absorption, only protein-reactive chemicals development of alternative methods for assessing (or those that can be metabolically or chemically skin sensitization hazard and relative potency of converted to protein-reactive species) are able to chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • The competitiveness of the second-generation bioethanol by biotechnological process requires an effective and quantitative control of biochemical reactions. (researchgate.net)
  • Which of these reactions are physiologically or pathophysiologically relevant is often not clear, although studies on knockout animals, human genetic and epigenetic, as well as biochemical studies using natural or synthetic inhibitors have provided insight to a great extent. (evelinvahter.com)
  • We found that the (L/I) zipper plays important roles in functionality of the PIV5 F protein, but not surface expression of the protein. (uky.edu)
  • In the life cycle of NNS viruses, viral proteins assume multi-functional roles to optimize their replication and spread. (uky.edu)
  • One of the key players during the course of infection is the matrix protein (M). The matrix protein has been identified as a master regulator of viral infection with most studies focusing on its roles in late-stage infection, during assembly and budding of viral progeny. (uky.edu)
  • Interestingly, some recent studies show that the matrix protein has other critical roles in viral infection such as immune modulation and host cell translation antagonism. (uky.edu)
  • TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein with diverse roles in RNA processing. (lafurnitura.com)
  • Many species of tilapia have been cultured in developing countries, where animal protein is lacking. (scialert.net)
  • Upon nucleotide hydrolysis the loop does not significantly change the protein conformation, but stays bound to the remaining phosphate groups. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fusion protein of paramyxo-and pneumovirus proteins are class I proteins that are folded into trimers, must be proteolytically cleaved to be functional, and are held in a metastable prefusion conformation until the signal for fusion occurs. (uky.edu)
  • The defining feature of this group of patients was the unusual biochemical properties of the abnormal PrP in the brain. (cdc.gov)
  • 2011) addresses two of these aspects, the translocation of soluble proteins into the peroxisomal matrix and the biogenesis of the peroxisomal membrane. (tcdb.org)
  • An in vitro method, as described in this paper, could help to predict the protein fermentability of an ingredient when fed to broilers in a cheap, non-animal invasive and fast manner. (efeedlink.com)
  • Upon being signaled, the fusion protein undergoes dramatic essentially irreversible conformational changes for membrane mixing. (uky.edu)
  • His expertise in protein interfaces was widely appreciated in the community, and Guido was appointed as an assessor for the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP) this year. (psi.ch)
  • The L/I zipper was found to be present in 140 paramyxo- and pneumovirus fusion protein TMDs. (uky.edu)
  • Moreover, we found that the interaction between the same glycan and different protein receptors within the same rotavirus genogroup influenced the micro-level dynamics of the glycan. (bvsalud.org)
  • Compared with the biochemical properties of PrP res in sCJD, the PrP res in VPSPr was found to be much less resistant to protease digestion. (cdc.gov)
  • Only small differences in GP kinetics were found between protein ingredients. (efeedlink.com)
  • It was found that the protein corona can reduce the cell association of all AuNPs investigated. (edu.au)
  • and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
  • More than half of world s population depends on fish as a principal source of animal protein ( Jhingram, 1987 ). (scialert.net)
  • Walker A motif, also known as the Walker loop, or P-loop, or phosphate-binding loop, is a motif in proteins that is associated with phosphate binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lysine (K) residue in the Walker A motif, together with the main chain NH atoms, are crucial for nucleotide-binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] PTPs (protein tyrosine phosphatases) that catalyse the hydrolysis of an inorganic phosphate from a phosphotyrosine residue (the reverse of a tyrosine kinase reaction) contain a motif which folds into a P-loop-like structure with an arginine in the place of the conserved lysine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Walker B motif is a motif in most P-loop proteins situated well downstream of the A-motif. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations to this L/I zipper motif in the context of the full protein resulted in reduced surface expression, and a loss of functionality. (uky.edu)
  • 2010). In a second phase we used two sequence entropy-based evolutionary indicators and a simple geometric criterion to obtain accurate and efficient classification of protein-protein interfaces (Duarte et al. (psi.ch)
  • This resembles the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer disease (AD), which can be physiologically processed by α-, β-, and γ-secretases. (mdpi.com)
  • Yet, some RNA strands can also fold to form ribozymes, 3D structures that could have guided life's chemical processes the way proteins do now. (elifesciences.org)
  • 2011 ) have reviewed the processes by which matrix and membrane proteins are incorporated into the peroxysome. (tcdb.org)
  • It is unknown if the undigested protein that enters the caeca differs in fermentability depending on their ingredient source. (efeedlink.com)
  • Results imply that solubilised undigested proteinaceous components entering the caeca are readily fermented, regardless of the ingredient from which it originated. (efeedlink.com)
  • Possible prospects for applications of designed proteins with modified activities or other new properties are very high,in the areas of pharmacology, enzyme applications in food industry', waste treatment and chemical synthesis, vaccine design, biosensors etc. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Studies with EBOV and MeV demonstrate that the matrix protein is involved in early infection events, as inhibits viral replication. (uky.edu)
  • The present communication considers aspects of glycoprotein research relevant to the field of biotechnology and protein design. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Researchers have reported that protein solubility has a close relationship with emulsifying properties ( Quaglia and Orban, 1990 ) and foaming properties ( Quaglia and Orban, 1987 , 1990 ). (scialert.net)
  • This information can aid researchers in selecting model ingredients to investigate protein fermentation. (efeedlink.com)
  • Fermentation of protein in the caeca of chickens may lead to the production of potentially detrimental metabolites, which can reduce gut health. (efeedlink.com)
  • A poor precaecal digestion is expected to increase protein fermentation (PF), as more proteins are likely to enter the caeca. (efeedlink.com)
  • Feed-food competition for proteins could press poultry production towards feeding less-digestible protein ingredients to broilers, which could reduce their gut health as a result of protein fermentation. (efeedlink.com)
  • 2003), and this might be a result of protein fermentation (PF) in the caeca of broilers. (efeedlink.com)
  • Protein fermentation leads to the production of potentially toxic metabolites, such as ammonia, phenols, indoles, H2S and biogenic amines, which might reduce enteric health (Qaisrani et al. (efeedlink.com)
  • 2017). However, much is still unknown about the effects of PF in broilers, as well as which protein ingredients are more prone to fermentation. (efeedlink.com)
  • Manyclinically important human proteins are posttranslationally modified. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9) is a major regulator of the localization of meiotic recombination hotspots in the human and mouse genomes. (springer.com)
  • For most NNS RNA viruses, the attachment protein is important for the tethering of a viral membrane to host cells, while the fusion protein is responsible for the membrane merger of the virus and host. (uky.edu)
  • Recent findings concerning biochemical properties of central oscillators in Arabidopsis thaliana have advanced our understanding of circadian clock function. (go.jp)