Bioactive sphingolipid ceramide. Medical search. Frequent questions

Ceramides are found in high concentrations within the cell membrane of eukaryotic cells, since they are component lipids that make up sphingomyelin, one of the major lipids in the lipid bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
Sphingolipids constitute a complex class of bioactive lipids with diverse structural and functional roles in neural tissue. (mdpi.com)
Ceramides are important bioactive lipids belonging to the sphingolipid family. (nyu.edu)
Sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes control the dynamic balance of the cellular levels of important bioactive lipids, including the apoptotic compound ceramide and the proliferative compound sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). (psu.edu)
Sphingolipid fat burning capacity Sphingolipids are crucial lipids comprising a sphingoid backbone that's ceramide (Cer) synthesis occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). (moonphase2018.com)
Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1-phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (PubMed:10610716). (icr.ac.uk)
Sphingolipids (SPLs) certainly are a varied class of bioactive lipids that are increasingly BMS 378806 BMS 378806 recognized as potent signaling molecules, and have been implicated in numerous cellular processes including cell death, differentiation, senescence, and inflammation [13]. (biobender.com)
BMS 378806 Interestingly, serum S-SMase activity was dramatically increased in a small case series of patients with HLH with documented hypercytokinemia [28], however the functional consequences of this change, especially in regulating the levels of bioactive lipids, has not been evaluated. (biobender.com)
Sphingolipids are a structurally diverse class of lipids found in all eukaryotes and several bacteria and are emerging as a particularly rich source of bioactive molecules. (iupui.edu)
We are interested in the metabolic origins of the long and very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) incorporated into biologically active lipids such as ceramides and other sphingolipids. (iupui.edu)
VLCFA (very long chain fatty acids) are unusual fatty acids with more than 18 carbon atoms that are incorporated into a variety of eukaryotic lipids including membrane sphingolipids and glycerolipids, seed storage oils and surface waxes in plants and eicosanoids, such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins in mammals. (iupui.edu)
Bioactive sphingolipids are a group of lipids that play roles in various cellular mechanisms. (iyte.edu.tr)
Sphingolipid breakdown products: anti-proliferative and tumor-suppressor lipids. (musc.edu)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication due to their ability to transfer bioactive lipids, proteins and different species of RNA into cells. (selectbiosciences.com)
Spatial lipidomics revealed an accumulation of highly unsaturated and shortened lipids and reduction of sphingolipids throughout the brains of cPSAP DAT mice. (nature.com)
At T2, the genes linked to the metabolism of ceramides and hopanoids lipids were clearly dominant, which are associated with the resistance of microbial species to extreme temperatures and pH values. (frontiersin.org)

Acid ceramidase (Ac) is part of the sphingolipid metabolism and responsible for the degradation of ceramide. (elifesciences.org)
Initial, a lot of the regulatory enzymes and proteins involved with sphingolipid metabolism as well as the receptors for S1P have already been cloned. (moonphase2018.com)
Here, we investigated the roles of SPL on the growth inhibitory effects of imatinib and exploit sphingolipid metabolism by majorly inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) to accumulate ceramide or sphingosine to further sensitize cells to imatinib and/or overcome resistance to imatinib in Ph+ALL. (iyte.edu.tr)
Altered adipose and plasma sphingolipid metabolism in obesity: a potential mechanism for cardiovascular and metabolic risk. (musc.edu)
Sphingomyelin metabolism at the plasma membrane: implications for bioactive sphingolipids. (musc.edu)
Bioactive sphingolipids in health and disease: lipidomic analysis, metabolism and roles in membrane signaling and autophagy. (sphingolipidclub.com)

By regulating the levels of ceramides, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate in the epidermis, mediates the calcium-induced differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes (PubMed:17713573). (icr.ac.uk)

First, the sphingomyelinase pathway uses an enzyme to break down sphingomyelin in the cell membrane and release ceramide. (wikipedia.org)
Because sphingomyelin is one of the four common phospholipids found in the plasma membrane of cells, the implications of this method of generating ceramide is that the cellular membrane is the target of extracellular signals leading to programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Once in the Golgi apparatus, ceramide can be further metabolized to other sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin and the complex glycosphingolipids. (wikipedia.org)
Many growth factors and inflammatory cytokines promote the cleavage of sphingomyelin and ceramide leading to rapid elevation of S1P levels through the action of sphingosine kinases (SK1 and SK2). (psu.edu)
That is accompanied by some reactions (catalysed by enzymes in crimson) resulting in development of ceramide and following development of sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. (moonphase2018.com)
Cer is normally shipped by ceramide transportation proteins (CERT) or vesicular transportation towards the Golgi for synthesis of ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) (by ceramide kinase, CERK), sphingomyelin (SM), and glucosylceramide (GluCer). (moonphase2018.com)
Moreover, we determined that imatinib is inducing de novo synthesis pathway of SPL and increasing the levels of ceramide, sphingosine, hexosylceramides and sphingomyelin in SD-1 cells. (iyte.edu.tr)
Ceramide generated by sphingomyelin hydrolysis and the salvage pathway is involved in hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced Bax redistribution to mitochondria in NT-2 cells. (musc.edu)
The sphingomyelin cycle and the second messenger function of ceramide. (musc.edu)
The sphingomyelin cycle: a prototypic sphingolipid signaling pathway. (musc.edu)
Activation of the sphingomyelin cycle by brefeldin A: effects of brefeldin A on differentiation and implications for a role for ceramide in regulation of protein trafficking. (musc.edu)
Sphingomyelin synthase, a potential regulator of intracellular levels of ceramide and diacylglycerol during SV40 transformation. (musc.edu)

De novo synthesis of ceramide occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)

In the case of glycosphingolipids, exohydrolases acting at acidic pH optima cause the stepwise release of monosaccharide units from the end of the oligosaccharide chains, leaving just the sphingosine portion of the molecule, which may then contribute to the generation of ceramides. (wikipedia.org)
As bioactive molecule, ceramide is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. (elifesciences.org)
The bioactive sphingolipids, ceramide and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), exert opposing features: ceramide is normally emerging being a tumor suppressor molecule, whereas S1P promotes tumor development (15C19). (lavoixdesrroms.org)
The number of molecular species of sphingolipids found in cells is astounding with diversification at three different positions within the sphingolipid molecule (the long-chain base, the long or very long chain acyl group and the head group). (iupui.edu)

Roles for ceramide and its downstream metabolites have also been suggested in a number of pathological states including cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, microbial pathogenesis, obesity, and inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid species and their bioactive metabolites are important regulators of lipoprotein and cell function. (uni-regensburg.de)
This allowed the era of knockout mice, yielding insights in to the physiological features of sphingolipid metabolites. (moonphase2018.com)
Sphingolipid metabolites play essential parts at multiple levels of the disorders, and brand-new mechanistic perspectives on the actions will be talked about. (moonphase2018.com)
In the present study we examined the relationship between ceramide, ceramide metabolites and expression of the MDR1 gene in human breast cancer cell lines. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Four wild-type (drug-sensitive) human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D,MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435) were used to evaluate the influence of acute and chronic exposure to ceramide and ceramide metabolites on MDR1 mRNA,P-gp, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. (sphingolipidclub.com)
These data are the first evidence that chronic exposure to ceramide and its metabolites enhances expression of the MDR phenotype in cancer cells. (sphingolipidclub.com)
The impact of sphingolipids on MDR1 gene expression in cancer appears to reflect the myriad intracellular signaling pathways of ceramide and its metabolites. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Second, the de novo pathway creates ceramide from less complex molecules. (wikipedia.org)
Third, in the "salvage" pathway, sphingolipids that are broken down into sphingosine are reused by reacylation to form ceramide. (wikipedia.org)
The salvage pathway re-utilizes long-chain sphingoid bases to form ceramide through the action of ceramide synthase. (wikipedia.org)
The salvage pathway has been estimated to contribute from 50% to 90% of sphingolipid biosynthesis.dral As a bioactive lipid, ceramide has been implicated in a variety of physiological functions including apoptosis, cell growth arrest, differentiation, cell senescence, cell migration and adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
For simpleness, degradative enzymes (blue) for reutilization of sphingolipids in the salvage pathway are included but these reactions happen in various subcellular compartments (find Fig. 2). (moonphase2018.com)
Together, these total outcomes demonstrate upregulation from the S-SMase/ceramide pathway in HLH, and claim that the total amount of sphingosine and ceramide determine clinical outcomes in HLH. (biobender.com)
Previous studies showed that sphingolipids and genes in the pathway were involved in response to TKI treatment in Ph+ALL. (iyte.edu.tr)
Taken together, it was shown for the first time in the literature that the cytotoxic effects of imatinib was due to induction of de novo synthesis pathway of sphingolipids and inhibition of GCS together with imatinib has synergistic cytotoxic effects on imatinib resistant Ph+ALL cells. (iyte.edu.tr)
Involvement of acid beta-glucosidase 1 in the salvage pathway of ceramide formation. (musc.edu)
Role for furin in tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of the matrix metalloproteinase/sphingolipid mitogenic pathway. (musc.edu)
Organisms usually contain large numbers of sphingolipid subspecies (for a pathway based compilation, see www.sphingomap.org) and knowledge about the types and amounts is imperative because they influence membrane structure, interactions with the extracellular matrix and neighboring cells, vesicular traffic and the formation of specialized structures such as phagosomes and autophagosomes, as well as participate in intracellular and extracellular signaling. (sphingolipidclub.com)

De novo synthesis of ceramide begins with the condensation of palmitate and serine to form 3-keto-dihydrosphingosine. (wikipedia.org)
The long-chain sphingoid bases released from the lysosome may then re-enter pathways for synthesis of ceramide and/or sphingosine-1-phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
Interventions that limit ceramide synthesis or increase ceramide degradation lead to improved health (reduced insulin resistance and reduced fatty liver disease, for example). (wikipedia.org)
A complex metabolic network consisting of enzymes catalyzing their synthesis, modification (phosphorylation, glycosylation) and breakdown regulates accumulation of sphingolipid species and thereby the sphingolipid pool at rheostat conditions, and this can undergo substantial changes in response to metabolic and external challenges. (encyclopedia.pub)
Also catalyzes the reverse reaction allowing the synthesis of ceramides from fatty acids and sphingosine (PubMed:12764132, PubMed:12815059). (icr.ac.uk)
Synthesis of key precursors of radiolabeled sphingolipids. (musc.edu)

By regulating the intracellular balance between ceramides and sphingosine, in adrenocortical cells, probably also acts as a regulator of steroidogenesis (PubMed:22261821). (icr.ac.uk)
As a conclusion, increasing the intracellular levels of ceramide (and/or sphingosine) can be a novel approach to sensitize drug resistant Ph+ALL cells. (iyte.edu.tr)
Natural product anticancer agents enhance intracellular levels of ceramide, a sphingolipid that promotes cell apoptosis. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Ceramide can be further hydrolyzed by acid ceramidase to form sphingosine and a free fatty acid, both of which are able to leave the lysosome, unlike ceramide. (wikipedia.org)
Lysosomal ceramidase that hydrolyzes sphingolipid ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at acidic pH (PubMed:10610716, PubMed:7744740, PubMed:15655246, PubMed:11451951). (icr.ac.uk)
Neutral ceramidase encoded by the Asah2 gene is essential for the intestinal degradation of sphingolipids. (musc.edu)

Exposure of cells to either octanoic acid (C8:0), a C8-ceramide hydrolysis product, or oleic acid (C18:1) did not affect MDR1 expression. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Thus, ceramide synthase family members probably trap free sphingosine released from the lysosome at the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum or in endoplasmic reticulum-associated membranes. (wikipedia.org)
A thorough examination of saposin D-mutated PD patient-derived cells from the Japanese patients reported endoplasmic reticulum PSAP retention but preserved sphingolipid hydrolase activity, which is inconsistent with the canonical theory of PSAP and saposins 7 . (nature.com)

Constitutive degradation of sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids takes place in the acidic subcellular compartments, the late endosomes and the lysosomes, with the end goal of producing sphingosine. (wikipedia.org)

Functions of sphingolipids range from structural roles to signal transduction mediators that affect the regulation of cancer cell growth, differentiation, senescence, apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation, and cell motility. (iupui.edu)
We are interested in uncovering the complementary and contrasting roles of the alternative elongation pathways and the function of sphingolipids that incorporate the fatty acid products of these pathways in signal transduction/developmental processes. (iupui.edu)

Ceramides are a family of waxy lipid molecules. (wikipedia.org)
Though Par-4 and ceramide act as an apparent collaborator of cell-fate decisions, the relationship between these molecules is very complex, and mechanisms underlying their regulation are diverse and not fully characterized. (nyu.edu)

There are three major pathways of ceramide generation. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding the Par-4-ceramide connection will not only have profound importance to the understanding of programmed cell death pathways, but also will have an impact on interventions of cancer therapy and prevention. (nyu.edu)
Ceramide sets off many pathways that creates endothelial cell loss of life, including activation of caspases, or PP2A2 or PP1,55, and raising mitochondrial permeability by developing ceramide-enriched platforms with the capacity of translocating protein. (moonphase2018.com)

This is the first study using a metabolomic approach to identify novel changes in bioactive lipid mediators associated with HLH. (biobender.com)
These results support a hypothesis that n-3 PUFAs protect glucose tolerance, in part by preventing the accumulation of bioactive lipid mediators that interfere with insulin action. (oroboros.at)

There has been research suggesting that when ionizing radiation causes apoptosis in some cells, the radiation leads to the activation of sphingomyelinase in the cell membrane and ultimately, to ceramide generation. (wikipedia.org)
In this chapter, we portray the role and mechanisms of action of Par-4 and ceramide in apoptosis and autophagy. (nyu.edu)
Ceramide: an endogenous regulator of apoptosis and growth suppression. (musc.edu)
Ceramide: a stress signal and mediator of growth suppression and apoptosis. (musc.edu)

Second, the advancement of advanced mass spectroscopic methods has taken the omics trend to sphingolipids, enabling the simultaneous quantification and evaluation of multiple species. (moonphase2018.com)

Ceramide-enriched membrane domains in red blood cells and the mechanism of sphingomyelinase-induced hot-cold hemolysis. (musc.edu)
Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is vital for the generation of ceramide and functional inhibition of ASM by drugs like amitriptyline reduced SARS-CoV-2 entry into the epithelial cells. (scite.ai)

Ceramides in the form of active substance SPHINOX® Defenda protect the skin against premature ageing, offering unique protection to the DNA of skin cells. (alapalla.com)
SPHINOX® Defenda - a bioactive innovative sphingolipid based on skin-identical phytosphingosine. (alapalla.com)
SPHINOX® Defenda is an innovative bioactive sphingolipid that offers a multifunctional product for holistic skin protection. (azelismexico.com)

The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are a well-studied class of transmembrane G protein-coupled sphingolipid receptors that mediate multiple cellular processes. (omicsdi.org)

Both Par-4 and ceramide are critical regulators of cellular responses to acute stressors and has been clearly established as a key player in the execution of cell death. (nyu.edu)

With more than 30 years of expertise, Solus Advanced Materials supply natural sphingolipids similar to the lipid components of human skin, phospholipids, phospholipid complexes, and natural extracts to the domestic and overseas cosmetic market. (volta-energysolutions.com)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) signal transduction through ceramide. (musc.edu)

Dietary intake of saturated fat has been shown to increase serum ceramide and increase insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
About 60% of serum ceramide were found in LDL fractions and 60% of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and plasmalogens in HDL fractions. (uni-regensburg.de)
In this study, we demonstrate that serum S-SMase activity is elevated in patients with both primary and secondary HLH, and using sphingolipidomic metabolic profiling reveal marked alterations in levels of key bioactive SPLs. (biobender.com)
Shape 1 Serum S-SMase activity in healthful settings and HLH individuals Dysregulation from the Serum Sphingolipidome in HLH To see whether elevations in S-SMase apparent in individuals with HLH had been associated with adjustments in the serum sphingolipid profile, aliquots of serum had been examined by mass spectrometric profiling, as referred to in METHODS. (biobender.com)

Contrary to previous assumptions that ceramides and other sphingolipids found in cell membrane were purely supporting structural elements, ceramide can participate in a variety of cellular signaling: examples include regulating differentiation, proliferation, and programmed cell death (PCD) of cells. (wikipedia.org)

Many sphingolipid signalling proteins structures have already been solved, enabling rational drug style. (moonphase2018.com)
Previously we demonstrated that the sphingolipids ceramide and S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) regulate phosphorylation of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of cytoskeletal proteins [Canals, Jenkins, Roddy, Hernande-Corbacho, Obeid and Hannun (2010) J. Biol. (omicsdi.org)

Ceramide is subsequently transported to the Golgi apparatus by either vesicular trafficking or the ceramide transfer protein CERT. (wikipedia.org)

In turn, 3-keto-dihydrosphingosine is reduced to dihydrosphingosine, which is then followed by acylation by the enzyme (dihydro)ceramide synthase to produce dihydroceramide. (wikipedia.org)
The final reaction to produce ceramide is catalyzed by dihydroceramide desaturase. (wikipedia.org)

Ceramide could be metabolized to various other bioactive sphingolipid types, phosphorylated by ceramide kinase (CERK) to ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), or hydrolysed to sphingosine, which is normally after that phosphorylated to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by sphingosine kinases (SphKs). (moonphase2018.com)

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid, which regulates several cancer-related processes including migration and angiogenesis. (scite.ai)

Furthermore, the respiratory function of skeletal muscle mitochondria does not appear to be a major factor in sphingolipid accumulation, glucose intolerance, or the protective effects of n-3 PUFAs. (oroboros.at)

More complex sphingolipids are produced by the addition of head groups at the C1 hydroxyl position (circled). (iupui.edu)

The results of this study may set the foundation for the development of novel sphingolipid-based approaches to abrogate the exaggerated inflammatory response in HLH. (biobender.com)

Here, we use Ac-deficient mice with ubiquitously increased ceramide levels to elucidate the role of endogenous Ac activity in a murine malaria model. (elifesciences.org)
Role for ceramide as an endogenous mediator of Fas-induced cytotoxicity. (musc.edu)

Ceramides are derived from the linkage of palmitoyl-CoA with serine followed by N-acylation with C16 to C24 fatty acids (boxed). (iupui.edu)

Thus, ceramides control essential endothelial cell features that are usually in charge of the pathogenesis connected with vascular dysfunctions, including emphysema, sepsis and severe respiratory distress symptoms. (moonphase2018.com)

Ceramides have already been associated with development arrest also, cytoskeleton rearrangements, oxidative senescence and stress of endothelial cells2. (moonphase2018.com)

Subsequently, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidyl¬choline, sphingo-myelin, ceramide, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine-based plasmalogen, cholesterol and cholesteryl ester content of the separated lipoproteins was quantified by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Results: Analysis of FPLC fractions with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that albumin partially co-elutes with HDL fractions. (uni-regensburg.de)

Ceramide levels are positively correlated with inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, and the onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with elevated ceramide in hepatocytes. (wikipedia.org)
Despite similar muscle triglyceride levels in HFD and HFD+FO, long-chain acyl-CoAs and ceramides were lower in the presence of fish oil. (oroboros.at)
Combination treatment with eliglustat (GCS inhibitor) resulted in a significant increase in ceramide and sphingosine levels and reflected on cell growth and sensitized cells to imatinib. (iyte.edu.tr)
72 hours) to C8- ceramide (5 μg/ml culture medium), a cell-permeable analog of ceramide, enhanced MDR1 mRNA levels by 3- and 5-fold in T47D and inMDA-MB-435 cells, respectively, but did not affect MCF-7 cells.D-erythro-sphingosine exposure (5 μg/ml, 72 hr) increased MDR1 mRNA levels in MDA-MB-435 cells by 3.5-fold. (sphingolipidclub.com)
72 hours) of MDA-MB-231cells to C8-ceramide enhanced MDR1 mRNA levels by 45- and 370-fold(real-time RT-PCR) at passages 12 and 22, respectively, and elicited expression of P-gp (Western blot). (sphingolipidclub.com)

Converted ceramide is acquired purely. (volta-energysolutions.com)

Influence of Sphingolipids on Expression of the Multidrug Resistance Phenotype1,2. (sphingolipidclub.com)

The bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been implicated in promoting adipogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation in OFs. (uni-potsdam.de)

Using a wide range of biochemical and lipidomic analyses, we demonstrated that ABTL0812 increases cellular long-chain dihydroceramides by impairing DEGS1 (delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid 1) activity, which resulted in sustained ER stress and activated unfolded protein response (UPR) via ATF4-DDIT3-TRIB3 that ultimately promotes cytotoxic autophagy in cancer cells. (nih.gov)

Role of ceramide as a lipid mediator of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced HL-60 cell differentiation. (musc.edu)

A ceramide is composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid joined by an amide bond. (wikipedia.org)

Functions of ceramide in coordinating cellular responses to stress. (musc.edu)

Anatomy1

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs24

Information Science1

Lipids16

Metabolism6

Sphingosine and sphingosine 1-phospha1

Sphingomyelin12

Occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum1

Molecule4

Metabolites8

Pathway11

Synthesis6

Intracellular3

Ceramidase3

Hydrolysis1

Endoplasmic reticulum2

Glycosphingolipids1

Roles2

Molecules2

Pathways3

Lipid mediators2

Apoptosis4

Species1

Sphingomyelinase2

Defenda3

Receptors1

Regulators1

Phospholipids1

Signal transduction1

Serum4

Membrane1

Proteins2

Golgi1

Dihydroceramide2

Kinase1

Regulates1

Mitochondria1

Complex1

Inflammatory1

Endogenous2

Fatty acids1

Pathogenesis1

Senescence1

Subsequently1

Levels5

Purely1

Expression1

Inflammation1

Autophagy1

Differentiation1

Acid1

Cellular responses1