ProteinsGenesEnhancersMethylationMutationsSignal transducer and activator of transcriptionSubunitSequencesRegulatoryDistalTranscriptional ActivationActivatorActivatesRegionsFactorInitiationEnhancerNucleusProtein kinaseMRNADouble-strandedREGULATORReceptorsRNAPInteractionsSequenceViralDownstreamActivityActivateActivationRegulation of transcriptionEndogenousFactors bindExonsNeuronsModulateSitesPutativeCytokinesTFIIDInsulinZincIntracellularMolecularChromatinJAKs
Proteins20
- Moreover, we show that chimeric proteins, named Gal4-Jazz and Sp1-Jazz, are able to drive the transcription of a test gene from the human utrophin promoter. (ox.ac.uk)
- However, the order of events and the precise function of high-mobility group proteins during transcription initiation remain unclear. (nature.com)
- Although HMG proteins do not possess intrinsic transcriptional activity, they are called architectural transcription factors because they modulate the transcription of their target genes by altering the chromatin structure at the promoter and/or enhancers 15 . (nature.com)
- Sp family proteins are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins characterized by an amino-terminal trans-activation domain and three carboxy-terminal zinc finger motifs. (nih.gov)
- This protein contains the least conserved DNA-binding domain within the Sp subfamily of proteins, and its DNA sequence specificity differs from the other Sp proteins. (nih.gov)
- Two Ets proteins, PU.1 and elf-1, that have previously been shown to bind to an adjacent DNA element were shown to physically interact with CArG- box binding factor.A. An antiserum raised against the protein recognized two different forms indicating either that different splice-forms of. (lu.se)
- IRS proteins bind to the phosphorylated residues on the IR and subsequently recruit the regulatory subunit p85 of PI3K. (jci.org)
- Interestingly, recent data suggest a function for ULK1 not only during autophagy activation but also during elongation and closure of the autophagosomal membrane via binding to ATG8 proteins [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Proteins called repressors bind to these regions, preventing polymerase-promoter association, inhibiting transcription. (jove.com)
- Previous work identified two proteins in the bacterial cell (IHF, CRP) that directly affect toxin level by either directly or indirectly binding to the cellular DNA code responsible for toxin production. (usda.gov)
- Thus, we have undertaken studies to identify other regulators of leukotoxin transcription and to demonstrate how these proteins work together to modulate leukotoxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
- [ 8 , 9 ] STAT3 is one of 7 human STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) proteins, which are critical second messengers for many cytokine, hormone, and growth factor receptors. (medscape.com)
- Transcription factors are a group of proteins that are needed for a gene to start being copied to RNA, i.e. for transcription to start. (lu.se)
- The protein structure that surrounds the DNA, chromatin, largely comprises histone proteins and can be open or closed and thus allow or prevent factors binding to the DNA. (lu.se)
- Modulation of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Complex Formation by Id Proteins during Neuronal Differentiation. (lu.se)
- It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)
- However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)
- Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
- Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)
- Using the novel CRISPR/Cas9-based enChIP technology in combination with SILAC-MS, we have isolated and identified potential regulatory proteins bound to the HIF2A promoter at normoxia and hypoxia. (lu.se)
Genes13
- This protein forms a tetrameric complex with the alpha subunit, and stimulates transcription of target genes. (nih.gov)
- Promoters of housekeeping genes contain built-in activating motifs for factors such as GABPA and YY1, which decrease the responsiveness of promoters to distal enhancers. (nature.com)
- Promoters of variably expressed genes lack these motifs and show stronger responsiveness to enhancers. (nature.com)
- Fig. 4: Promoter classes correspond to enhancer responsive versus ubiquitously expressed genes. (nature.com)
- Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a key transcription factor (TF) that regulates a common set of genes related to the cell cycle in various cell types. (mdpi.com)
- The regulatory genes primarily the transcription factors that exert their activity by binding to certain cis DNA elements and consequently either up regulated or down regulate to target expression. (scielo.br)
- The principle aim of this project is to isolate TFs genes WRKY, AP2, MYP etc. that specifically regulate the expression of taxol biosynthetic rate limiting gene promoters using transient RNAi. (europa.eu)
- Transcriptional regulation information for a gene, including any predicted DNA binding site motifs ( YeTFaSCo ) for the gene's protein product, as well as any of its targets (genes it regulates) or regulators (genes that regulate it), based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
- This is followed by DNA demethylation of many gene promoters and upregulation of demethylated germline genes. (ca.gov)
- Tet1 binding is enriched near the transcription start site of genes affected by vitamin C treatment. (ca.gov)
- With a kinetic modeling approach we ascribe function to the observed OCT4-SOX2-NANOG network by making plausible assumptions about the interactions between the transcription factors at the gene promoter binding sites and RNA polymerase (RNAP), at each of the three genes as well as the target genes. (lu.se)
- [ 4 ] The 6 genes involved in WS are PAX3 (encoding the paired box 3 transcription factor), MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor), EDN3 (endothelin 3), EDNRB (endothelin receptor type B), SOX10 (encoding the Sry bOX10 transcription factor), and SNAI2 (snail homolog 2), with different frequencies. (medscape.com)
- These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
Enhancers8
- Promoters, enhancers, and transcription target RAG1 binding during V(D" by Yanhong Ji, Alicia J. Little et al. (wustl.edu)
- Gene regulation in the human genome is controlled by distal enhancers that activate specific nearby promoters 1 . (nature.com)
- However, the degree to which human enhancers and promoters are intrinsically compatible has not yet been systematically measured, and how their activities combine to control RNA expression remains unclear. (nature.com)
- We identify simple rules for enhancer-promoter compatibility, whereby most enhancers activate all promoters by similar amounts, and intrinsic enhancer and promoter activities multiplicatively combine to determine RNA output ( R 2 = 0.82). (nature.com)
- In addition, two classes of enhancers and promoters show subtle preferential effects. (nature.com)
- Fig. 3: Compatibility classes of enhancers and promoters. (nature.com)
- Regulatory regions include promoters (proximal and distal) and enhancers. (yeastgenome.org)
- However, these intergenic regions carry important elements that regulate gene activity, for instance, the promoter where transcription starts, and enhancers and silencers that fine-tune gene expression. (jove.com)
Methylation6
- Chromatin-mediated regulation of transcription involves DNA methylation and histone modifications. (nature.com)
- The inability of proinflammatory activated macrophages to respond to lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ with an increase in TF production seems to be due to an increase in TF promoter methylation and was reversible when treating these macrophages with a demethylation agent. (haematologica.org)
- Among the epigenetic entities, DNA methylation is the best characterized and contributes to the transmission of the long-lasting transcription memory through cell division and therefore the phenotype. (selectbiosciences.com)
- Aberrant DNA methylation changes the genomic transcription, representing promising molecular targets for better cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. (selectbiosciences.com)
- Distinct promoter methylation profile reveals spatial epigenetic heterogeneity in 2 myeloma patients with multifocal extramedullary relapses. (cancerindex.org)
- The level of methylation in the promoter can affect its effectiveness. (lu.se)
Mutations5
- This transcription-dependent TAF complex promotes subsequent activator-independent transcription, and promoter response to TAF mutations in vivo correlates with the level of downstream, rather than overall, Taf1 crosslinking. (biorxiv.org)
- We propose a new model in which TAFs function as reinitiation factors, accounting for the differential responses of promoters to various transcription factor mutations. (biorxiv.org)
- First, analyses of ltxA RNA expression from defined leukotoxin promoter mutations in the chromosome identify -69 to -35 as the key control region and indicate that an activator protein modulates leukotoxin transcription. (usda.gov)
- In 2007, autosomal dominant mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 ( STAT3) gene were identified as the molecular cause of this disease. (medscape.com)
- Mutations are detected by lack of binding to wild-type probes and/or by binding to probes specific for commonly occurring mutations. (cdc.gov)
Signal transducer and activator of transcription2
- Interleukin (IL)-12, which is secreted by antigen-presenting cells, acts via signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)4 to promote the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th1 cells ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
- This TF induction was dependent on signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 signaling and poly ADP ribose polymerase activity. (haematologica.org)
Subunit3
- This gene encodes the GA-binding protein transcription factor, beta subunit. (nih.gov)
- Although the TATA-Binding Protein (TBP) subunit of TFIID is necessary and sufficient for in vitro transcription, the TBP-Associated Factor (TAF) subunits recognize downstream promoter elements, act as co-activators, and interact with nucleosomes. (biorxiv.org)
- Translation is occurring almost simultaneously, by the 70S ribosomes at the start codon (AUG), after the 30S subunit binds to RBS (Ribosome Binding Site). (kenyon.edu)
Sequences6
- The crystal structures of the conserved ETS domain of SAP-1 bound to DNA sequences from the E74 and c-fos promoters reveal that a set of conserved residues contact a GGA core DNA sequence. (rcsb.org)
- Shahmuradov IA, Solovyev VV (2003) PromH: promoters identification using orthologous genomic sequences. (wikipedia.org)
- Here we design a high-throughput reporter assay called enhancer × promoter self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing (ExP STARR-seq) and applied it to examine the combinatorial compatibilities of 1,000 enhancer and 1,000 promoter sequences in human K562 cells. (nature.com)
- Fig. 5: P2 promoters contain built-in enhancer sequences. (nature.com)
- Little or no protein interaction at promoter sequences was detected early (5 hr) after infection but strong interactions at the major late transcription factor (MLTF/USF) binding site and at the TATA box were evident late (12 hr) after infection. (princeton.edu)
- Classification tasks included the prediction of enhancer and promoter sequences and transcription factor binding sites. (nvidia.com)
Regulatory4
- A transcription regulator activity that modulates transcription of gene sets via selective and non-covalent binding to a specific double-stranded genomic DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within a cis-regulatory region. (yeastgenome.org)
- Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
- Among them a promoter, exons, introns, and regulatory elements, which together help to determine protein expression in a cell. (jove.com)
- Recent ChIP experiments of human and mouse embryonic stem cells have elucidated the architecture of the transcriptional regulatory circuitry responsible for cell determination, which involves the transcription factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG. (lu.se)
Distal2
- Many distal transcription factor binding sites have been observed. (selectbiosciences.com)
- Chromatin interactions can connect distal transcription factor binding sites with target gene promoters. (selectbiosciences.com)
Transcriptional Activation3
- Sp3, a member of this family, functions to repress transcriptional activation in two viral promoters, most likely by competing with Sp1 for GC box/Sp binding sites. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, the single G/C boxes within the histone H4 or TK promoters, which confer transcriptional activation via Sp1 binding, are not responsive to repression by Sp3. (nih.gov)
- Tiling a given promoter region with several sgRNAs can produce more robust transcriptional activation 9 - 11 , but this requirement presents enormous challenges for scalability, and in particular for establishing pooled, genome-wide GOF screens. (cdc.gov)
Activator1
- Increase in IL-8 promoter activity was due to enhanced binding of activator protein 1 and NF-?B. IL-8 induction was associated with protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and inhibited by PKC and MAPK inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
Activates3
Regions1
- Sequence alignment kernel for recognition of promoter regions. (wikipedia.org)
Factor16
- Computational Biology of Transcription Factor Binding. (wikipedia.org)
- Comparison of in vivo and in vitro footprints revealed that the in vivo interaction late after infection results from binding of the cellular transcription factor MLTF/USF. (princeton.edu)
- These results indicate that DNA replication participates in the regulation of adenovirus late gene expression by facilitating the binding of a transcription factor to the major late promoter. (princeton.edu)
- The transcription factor Sp1 plays a key role in the activation of many cellular and viral gene promoters, including those that are regulated during the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
- Transcription factor Sp2 promotes TGFB-mediated interstitial cell osteogenic differentiation in bicuspid aortic valves through a SMAD-dependent pathway. (nih.gov)
- Transcription Factor SP2 Regulates Ski-mediated Astrocyte Proliferation In Vitro. (nih.gov)
- A protein interacting with an A-T-rich region that is a positive control element within the SP6 κ promoter was purified and identified as CArG-box binding factor-A. The purified protein was shown to interact specifically with the coding strand of single-stranded DNA and, with lower affinity, with double-stranded DNA. (lu.se)
- All organisms-bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes-have a transcription initiation factor that contains a structural module that binds within the RNA polymerase (RNAP) active-center cleft and interacts with template-strand single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in the immediate vicinity of the RNAP active center. (osti.gov)
- This transcription initiation-factor structural module preorganizes template-strand ssDNA to engage the RNAP active center, thereby facilitating binding of initiating nucleotides and enabling transcription initiation from initiating mononucleotides. (osti.gov)
- However, this transcription initiation-factor structural module occupies the path of nascent RNA and thus presumably must be displaced before or during initial transcription. (osti.gov)
- In this paper, we report four sets of crystal structures of bacterial initially transcribing complexes that demonstrate and define details of stepwise, RNA-extension-driven displacement of the "σ-finger" of the bacterial transcription initiation factor σ. (osti.gov)
- In this talk, I will introduce Chromatin Interaction Analysis with Paired-End Tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), a next-generation sequencing-based method for identifying chromatin interactions between transcription factor binding sites on a genome-wide scale which was part of the ENCODE consortium. (selectbiosciences.com)
- Activating transcription factor-(ATF-) 3, a stress-inducible transcription factor, is rapidly upregulated under various stress conditions and plays an important role in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
- Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
- Integration host factor (IHF) binds to and represses the leukotoxin promoter but neither CRP nor IHF is responsible for the anaerobic induction of ltxA RNA synthesis. (usda.gov)
- We establish that IGF-II-induced HIF2A/EPAS1 expression during hypoxia is due to de novo transcription and further present the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) transcription factor as a positive regulator of HIF2A. (lu.se)
Initiation1
- When this enzyme recognizes a nearby transcription initiation site, it begins to generate a strand of RNA, using DNA as a template. (jove.com)
Enhancer5
- Together, this systematic assessment of enhancer-promoter compatibility suggests a multiplicative model tuned by enhancer and promoter class to control gene transcription in the human genome. (nature.com)
- Fig. 2: Enhancer and promoter activities combine multiplicatively. (nature.com)
- van Arensbergen, J., van Steensel, B. & Bussemaker, H. J. In search of the determinants of enhancer-promoter interaction specificity. (nature.com)
- These models demonstrate state-of-the-art performance across many prediction tasks, such as promoter and enhancer site predictions. (nvidia.com)
- Indeed, for sever- with histopathological findings and ulin heavy chain promoter/enhancer. (who.int)
Nucleus6
- In the eukaryotic cell nucleus, chromatin is the physiological template of all DNA-dependent processes including transcription. (nature.com)
- By phosphorylating and excluding FOXO1 from the nucleus, insulin de-inhibits the promoter, thereby increasing POMC expression. (jci.org)
- Here insulin decreases FOXO1-mediated transcription of AgRP by excluding FOXO1 from the nucleus. (jci.org)
- Upon phosphorylation, two STATs homodimerize and translocate to the nucleus, where they activate POMC transcription in POMC neurons and decrease AgRP transcription in AgRP neurons. (jci.org)
- In HeLa cells MMP-12 is also translocated to the nucleus, where it binds to the NFKBIA promoter, driving transcription. (nih.gov)
- NRF2 is bound to ubiquitin when it is the nucleus so MW would be higher than cytoplasm. (abcam.com)
Protein kinase2
- We have previously shown that HMGA2-induced transcription requires phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139, which in turn is mediated by the protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) 10 . (nature.com)
- The protein kinase B/AKT and phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) bind to PIP 3 via their pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. (jci.org)
MRNA1
- Our findings indicate that poultry dust extract potently induces IL-8 levels by increasing IL-8 gene transcription without altering IL-8 mRNA stability. (cdc.gov)
Double-stranded2
- Here we demonstrate that Jazz protein binds specifically to the double-stranded DNA target, with a dissociation constant of about 32 nM. (ox.ac.uk)
- Has cohesin ATPase activity, double-stranded DNA binding, topological DNA entrapment activity, role in mitotic cohesin loading and condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region, nuclear mitotic cohesin complex localization. (cdc.gov)
REGULATOR1
- These targets were identified based on the presence of predicted regulator binding sites or experimental regulator binding in the target promoter, and/or changes in the target gene's transcript levels in regulator mutant strains. (yeastgenome.org)
Receptors2
- The gene product is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, a group of transcription factors regulated by small hydrophobic hormones, a subset of which do not have known ligands and are referred to as orphan nuclear receptors. (cancerindex.org)
- In general, Janus family tyrosine kinases (JAKs) bind to the intracellular components of cytokine receptors, and are, in turn, bound by STATs upon cytokine signaling. (medscape.com)
RNAP1
- Transcription is initiated by the binding of RNAP (RNA polymerase) to the promoter. (kenyon.edu)
Interactions4
- To gain insight into the regulation of this promoter, we analyzed protein-DNA interactions by in vivo DMS and DNasel footprinting during the course of adenovirus infection. (princeton.edu)
- This project offer de nova interactions between the TFs and the TB gene promoters, which results of DNA binding cis-elements. (europa.eu)
- Our results suggest that chromatin interactions may be a major mechanism by which transcription regulation occurs in human cells. (selectbiosciences.com)
- In addition to demonstrating different interactions between CRP and Mlc and their effects on periodontal toxin production, we also discovered how the IHF protein decreases toxin production by blocking Mlc binding to the toxin DNA. (usda.gov)
Sequence4
- Jazz belongs to the Cys2-His2 zinc finger type and was engineered to target the nine base pair DNA sequence: 5'-GCT-GCT-GCG-3', present in the promoter region of both the human and mouse utrophin gene. (ox.ac.uk)
- the binding sites with a similar sequence. (ugent.be)
- The polymerase then traverses the genetic material, and continues to yield RNA until it identifies a gene's transcription termination sequence, stopping the process. (jove.com)
- In front of every gene is a DNA sequence called a promoter. (lu.se)
Viral1
- Viral DNA replication was required for MLTF/USF binding at the major late promoter. (princeton.edu)
Downstream1
- Here we show that transcription induces stable TAF binding to downstream promoter DNA, independent of upstream contacts, TBP, or other basal transcription factors. (biorxiv.org)
Activity4
- AFUA_2G16480 domain(s) with predicted zinc ion binding activity. (cdc.gov)
- The activity of the adenovirus major late promoter is substantially Increased as the infection proceeds from the early to late phase. (princeton.edu)
- In the present study, we analyze the activity and binding of Sp3 on several eukaryotic promoters that contain G/C boxes and are known to be regulated during cellular proliferation and the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
- The activity of the promoter can therefore be regulated differently in different cells. (lu.se)
Activate3
- SAP-1 is a member of the Ets transcription factors and cooperates with SRF protein to activate transcription of the c-fos protooncogene. (rcsb.org)
- However, recent evidence indicates that Sp1 belongs to a larger family of factors which bind G/C box elements in order to either activate or repress transcription. (nih.gov)
- It localizes primarily within subnuclear foci associated with the nuclear matrix, and can activate or in some cases repress expression from different promoters. (nih.gov)
Activation3
- Transient cotransfections of Drosophila cells with Sp1 and Sp3 expression vectors and with the histone H4, thymidine kinase (TK), or dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) promoters show that only the DHFR promoter, containing multiple functional GC boxes, displays Sp3 repression of Sp1 activation. (nih.gov)
- Here we show that high-mobility group AT-hook 2 protein (HMGA2) induces DNA nicks at the transcription start site, which are required by the histone chaperone FACT complex to incorporate nucleosomes containing the histone variant H2A.X. Further, phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139 (γ-H2AX) is required for repair-mediated DNA demethylation and transcription activation. (nature.com)
- Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
Regulation of transcription1
- We propose to biosynthesis de novo of fungal taxol® production by the regulation of transcription factors (TFs). (europa.eu)
Endogenous3
- However, the physiological role of Sp3 in the repression of endogenous cellular promoters has not been experimentally addressed. (nih.gov)
- Therefore, we demonstrate that the endogenous cellular DHFR promoter is selectively responsive to Sp3 repression. (nih.gov)
- Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
Factors bind1
- Transcription factors bind alongside the promoter and set off the gene expression. (lu.se)
Exons1
Neurons3
- Insulin binds to its receptor on POMC and AgRP neurons, stimulating receptor autophosphorylation and activating its signal cascade. (jci.org)
- In POMC neurons, it diminishes POMC transcription by recruiting Ncor and Hdac1 and by competing with binding sites for phosphorylated STAT3 in the promoter. (jci.org)
- In AgRP neurons, FOXO1 increases AgRP transcription. (jci.org)
Modulate1
Sites4
- Using the recognition 'code' that proposes specific rules between zinc finger primary structure and potential DNA binding sites, we engineered a new gene named 'Jazz' that encodes for a three-zinc finger peptide. (ox.ac.uk)
- The data suggest that Sp3 may contribute to the control of proliferation- and/or cell-regulated promoters depending upon the context and/or number of functional Sp1 binding sites. (nih.gov)
- Sometimes these binding sites can be located far away from the associated gene. (jove.com)
- Binding sites motifs as predicted by YeTFaSCo . (yeastgenome.org)
Putative1
- The protein encoded by this gene is an unusual orphan receptor that contains a putative ligand-binding domain but lacks a conventional DNA-binding domain. (cancerindex.org)
Cytokines3
- Given the importance of CD4 + Th cells in the disease process, this review will focus on how Th cells differentiate in the inflamed intestinal tract during IBD and how the Th lineage-specific cytokines and transcription factors (TFs) contribute to disease. (frontiersin.org)
- Transcription factors like those of the STAT family are activated by growth factors and cytokines. (senescence.info)
- When cytokines bind to their cognate receptor, JAKs phosphorylate the cytokine receptor and subsequently the STATs, which then dissociate from the JAK-receptor complex. (medscape.com)
TFIID1
- TFIID binds promoter DNA to recruit RNA polymerase II and other basal factors for transcription. (biorxiv.org)
Insulin1
- Insulin deactivates and leptin inhibits the AgRP promoter. (jci.org)
Zinc2
- We have designed and engineered new zinc finger-based transcription factors capable of binding and activating transcription from the promoter of the dystrophin-related gene, utrophin. (ox.ac.uk)
- bind other metals like zinc, copper or cadmium. (igem.org)
Intracellular1
- Whereas intracellular MMP-12 mediates NFKBIA transcription, leading to IFN-α secretion and host protection, extracellular MMP-12 cleaves off the IFN-α receptor 2 binding site of systemic IFN-α, preventing an unchecked immune response. (nih.gov)
Molecular1
- The molecular composition and binding epitopes of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that circulate in blood plasma following SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown. (cdc.gov)
Chromatin1
- The histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) is a heterodimeric complex, consisting of SUPT16 and SSRP1 (Spt16 and Pob3 in yeast) that is responsible for the deposition of H2A/H2B-dimers onto DNA 11 , 12 . (nature.com)