• Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that bind to the sterol regulatory element DNA sequence TCACNCCAC. (wikipedia.org)
  • These proteins work with asymmetric sterol regulatory element (StRE). (wikipedia.org)
  • SREBPs have a structure similar to E-box-binding helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, in contrast to E-box-binding HLH proteins, an arginine residue is replaced with tyrosine making them capable of recognizing StREs and thereby regulating membrane biosynthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Through suppressive subtractive hybridization, we identified a new gene whose transcription is induced by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Prenylation, the covalent binding of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) moieties to proteins, is a crucial post-translational modification for the regulation of protein localization on cell membranes and, in turn, for key cellular processes. (nature.com)
  • Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) compose a family of transcriptional factors that regulate the expression of various genes required for the synthesis of phospholipids, fatty acids, and cholesterol. (novusbio.com)
  • SREBP-1 and -2 (sterol-regulatory element binding proteins-1 and -2) are transcription factors which participate in the control of cholesterol homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • SREBP proteins, which are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, are proteolytically cleaved and thus activated in response to conditions of low cellular sterol. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • However, sterol-regulated vs. apoptosis-associated cleavage of SREBP proteins appears to be independently regulated. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • On SDS-PAGE, sterol-regulated cleavage fragments of SREBP proteins migrate more slowly (i.e., higher molecular weight) than do staurosporin-induced fragments. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The polyphenols also enhanced the activity of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). (chemistryviews.org)
  • Such a transcriptomics approach combined with further targeted experiments revealed the activation of a key regulatory mechanism of lipid production, namely sterol regulatory element binding proteins. (rsc.org)
  • The authors showed that modulating the activation of sterol regulatory element binding proteins impacts necroptotic phenotype, demonstrating the functional role of these proteins in the accumulation of toxic lipids in necroptosis. (rsc.org)
  • He also showed that double-stranded (ds)RNA- and ZDNA binding proteins had a role in poxvirus pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • These activated SREBPs then bind to specific sterol regulatory element DNA sequences, thus upregulating the synthesis of enzymes involved in sterol biosynthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transfection of HepG2 cells with sense or antisense miR-370 or miR-122 upregulated and downregulated, respectively, the transcription factor sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and the enzymes diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) that regulate fatty acid and triglyceride biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
  • Similar to SREBP-1a and SREBP-1c, SREBP-2 acts by first binding to sterol regulatory DNA sequences, and subsequently up-regulating the synthesis of enzymes involved in sterol biosynthesis. (novusbio.com)
  • Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
  • As mono or diiron center as well as incorporated into heme or iron-sulfur clusters, this metal is an indispensable cofactor for a variety of cellular processes including electron transport, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of DNA and sterols. (frontiersin.org)
  • A notable feature of this regulatory feedback machinery was first observed for the SREBP pathway - regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). (wikipedia.org)
  • A feature of the SREBP pathway is the proteolytic release of a membrane-bound transcription factor, SREBP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once in the nucleus, SREBP can bind to specific DNA sequences (the sterol regulatory elements or SREs) that are found in the control regions of the genes that encode enzymes needed to make lipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • INSIG always stays in the ER membrane and thus the SREBP-SCAP complex remains in the ER when SCAP is bound to INSIG. (wikipedia.org)
  • We formulate a deterministic nonlinear ordinary differential equation model of the sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) cholesterol genetic regulatory pathway in an hepatocyte. (reading.ac.uk)
  • This interaction prevents the cleavage of SREBP-2, which results in the synthesis of cholesterol and uptake of LDL despite high levels of present sterols. (novusbio.com)
  • Sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1 is a transcription factor with important roles in the control of fatty acid metabolism and adipogenesis. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Mechanistically, FSH, via binding to hepatic FSHRs, activates the Gi2α/β-arrestin-2/Akt pathway and subsequently inhibits the binding of FoxO1 with the SREBP-2 promoter, thus preventing FoxO1 from repressing SREBP-2 gene transcription. (nature.com)
  • Cholesterol is a sterol, a type of lipid molecule composed of a complex structure of four fused hydrocarbon rings. (biochemden.com)
  • Except for a demonstrated role in controlling the expression of FASN, a regulatory role of SREBP1 on milk fat synthesis is very likely, but has not yet been demonstrated in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC). (oregonstate.edu)
  • To explore the regulatory function of SREBP1 on de novo fatty acids and triacylglycerol synthesis in GMEC, we overexpressed the mature form of SREBP1 (active NH2-terminal fragment) in GMEC using a recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad-nSREBP1), with Ad-GFP (recombinant adenovirus of green fluorescent protein) as control, and infected the GMEC for 48 h. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Neuronal Activity-Induced Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1 (SREBP1) is Disrupted in Dysbindin-Null Mice-Potential Link to Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia. (neurotree.org)
  • The isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, also known as the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, is one of the most notorious metabolic processes as it leads to the production of cholesterol and other non-sterol isoprenoids, which are essential in the induction and the maintenance of several cellular processes. (nature.com)
  • Cholesterol synthesis is a complex process involving a series of enzymatic reactions and regulatory steps in various cell organelles. (biochemden.com)
  • Sterols in turn inhibit the cleavage of SREBPs and therefore synthesis of additional sterols is reduced through a negative feed back loop. (wikipedia.org)
  • CDK8 can directly interact with Mad in vitro through the linker region between the DNA-binding MH1 (Mad homology 1) domain and the carboxy terminal MH2 (Mad homology 2) transactivation domain. (sdbonline.org)
  • Results DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. (researchgate.net)
  • Ecdysone binds to the Ecdysone Receptor (EcR), which heterodimerizes with Ultraspiracle (USP), an ortholog of the vertebrate Retinoid X Receptor (RXR). (sdbonline.org)
  • Acyl-CoA-binding domain containing 3 modulates NAD + metabolism through activating poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 Biochemical Journal . (neurotree.org)
  • Of note, circulating free fatty acids may also function as endogenous ligands for TLR binding as so-called danger associated molecular patterns, DAMPs. (frontiersin.org)
  • At the proliferation stage, proliferation related pathways and basic cellular and metabolic processes were inhibited, while regulatory factors that initiate differentiation enter the ready-to-activate state, which provides a precondition for initiating adipose differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In cells with low levels of sterols, SREBPs are cleaved to a water-soluble N-terminal domain that is translocated to the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • As expected for a gene controlled by SREBPs, ACS mRNA was induced when cultured cells were deprived of sterols and repressed by sterol addition. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Sodium azide may be removed by washing stained cells or plate-bound antibody or dialyzing soluble antibody in sodium azide-free buffer. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Bait protein expressed as a DNA binding domain (DBD) fusion and prey expressed as a transcriptional activation domain (TAD) fusion and interaction measured by reporter gene activation. (thebiogrid.org)
  • The discovery of the NPC1 gene by Carstea et al[1] in 1997 has stimulated much research in Niemann-Pick disease, the NPC1 gene product, sterol trafficking, and gene therapy in animal models. (medscape.com)
  • When sterol levels are low, INSIG and SCAP no longer bind. (wikipedia.org)
  • The precursor has a hairpin orientation in the membrane, so that both the amino-terminal transcription factor domain and the COOH-terminal regulatory domain face the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • The signal produced is proportional to the amount of analyte bound. (rndsystems.com)
  • Dysregulation of CDK8 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8) and its regulatory partner CycC (Cyclin C) , two subunits of the conserved Mediator (MED) complex, have been linked to diverse human diseases such as cancer. (sdbonline.org)
  • SREBF1 encodes sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), which promotes the transcription of lipogenes involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterols. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The isoforms of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) are known to stimulate G6PD gene expression, and some polymorphisms in the SREBP-1 gene (SREBF-1) have been described only in Africans. (nih.gov)
  • Replenishment of FGF21 protects against atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E(-/-)mice via 2 independent mechanisms, inducing the adipocyte production of adiponectin, which in turn acts on the blood vessels to inhibit neointima formation and macrophage inflammation, and suppressing the hepatic expression of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2, thereby leading to reduced cholesterol synthesis and attenuation of hypercholesterolemia. (hku.hk)
  • By contrast, the cholesterol-lowering effects of FGF21 are abrogated by hepatic expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2. (hku.hk)
  • Gel shift assays using CETP promoter fragments containing these elements showed binding of the transcription factors, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and Yin Yang-1 (YY-1). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • In Drosophila, ROS triggers c-Jun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK) and Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein (SREBP) activity in neurons leading to LD accumulation in glia prior to or at the onset of neurodegeneration. (nih.gov)
  • To elucidate a molecular mechanism underlying the repression of HMGR and LDLR by N. commune lipid extract, expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) was assessed. (unl.edu)
  • Although they are void of any protein-coding function and the roles of most lncRNAs have remained to be elucidated, they are newly discovered functional ncRNAs that may exert a wide range of regulatory effects through several mechanisms of action and are important regulators in gene expression networks ( 8-10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Several genes are associated with adipogenesis, including the CAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) families of transcription factors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Several key enzymes can be activated through DNA transcriptional regulation on activation of SREBP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and -2). (wikipedia.org)
  • 17. Identification of a zinc finger protein that binds to the sterol regulatory element. (nih.gov)
  • Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) belongs to the nuclear transcription factor family that can activate the transcription of multiple genes encoding for enzymes involved in synthesis of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), fatty acids (FAs) and phospholipids, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)-1 and fatty acid synthase (FAS) [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Obesity element binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase. (cdc.gov)
  • I went to a symposium where the keynote speakers presented this fascinating sterol regulatory element binding protein, or SREBP, pathway. (phys.org)
  • Polymorphisms in stearoyl CoA desaturase and sterol regulatory element binding protein interact with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to modify associations with anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes in Yup'ik people. (ohsu.edu)
  • VME and VMA also reversed the HFD-induced mRNA expression of lipogenic genes such as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)α, C/EBPβ, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and leptin in adipose tissue, whereas they increased mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 2 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hematoxylin and eosin staining of various fat depots showed that increased adipocyte size caused by HFD intake was markedly reduced and correlated with reduced mRNA levels of lipogenesis genes, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, and increased uncoupling protein 1 levels. (springer.com)
  • Several mediators are involved in lipid metabolism, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), which are important transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipogenic gene mRNA expression. (springer.com)
  • We searched for biologically plausible candidate genes in these regions and prioritized seven genes for exhaustive genetic investigation: adiponectin (3q27), AMP kinase gamma 2 subunit and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (7q36), stearoyl CoA desaturase (10q23), sterol regulatory element binding protein (17p11), insulin sensitive glucose transporter (17p13), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (20q12). (nih.gov)
  • Alphalinolenic acid activated the nuclear receptor farnesoid-X-receptor, which in turn increased its target gene small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression, and decreased liver-X-receptor dependent sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c transcription, ultimately resulting in repressed SCD1 expression. (nuthealth.org)
  • Vertebrate MAX protein, a transcription regulator that forms a sequence- specific DNA-binding protein complex with myc or mad. (embl.de)
  • Human Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 (SREBP-1), a transcriptional activator that binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) found in the flanking region of the LDLR gene and in other genes. (embl.de)
  • Genetic variations in sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) are associated with blood pressure in overweight/obese Chinese children. (cdc.gov)
  • These changes activate AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn directly suppresses sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1)-directed transcription of its direct targets including the BCAT2 branched-chain amino acid transaminase 2) gene. (nih.gov)
  • This binding to DNA leads to the increased transcription of the target genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, in stably transfected adipocyte cell lines, MUT1 and MUT2 CETP promoter-reporter genes showed significant induction of reporter activity in response to sterols. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • In cells with low levels of sterols, SREBPs are cleaved to a water-soluble N-terminal domain that is translocated to the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • These activated SREBPs then bind to specific sterol regulatory element DNA sequences, thus upregulating the synthesis of enzymes involved in sterol biosynthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sterols in turn inhibit the cleavage of SREBPs and therefore synthesis of additional sterols is reduced through a negative feed back loop. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the presence of sterols, which bind to INSIG and SCAP, INSIG and SCAP also bind one another. (wikipedia.org)
  • When sterol levels are low, INSIG and SCAP no longer bind. (wikipedia.org)
  • SCAP contains a conserved region called a sterol-sensing domain, or SSD, which binds to cholesterol and other sterols. (phys.org)
  • Likewise, we determined the X-ray crystal structures of caspases-3, -7, and -8 in complex with our lead peptide inhibitor to elucidate the binding mechanism and active site interactions that promote the selective recognition of caspase-3 over other highly homologous caspase family members. (proteopedia.org)
  • This process requires cleavage of SREBP1 by site-1-protease (S1P) and S2P and subsequent translocation into the nucleus where it binds to sterol regulatory elements (SRE). (uni-koeln.de)
  • Deletional analysis in human CETP transgenic mice localized this response to a region of the proximal promoter which contains a tandem repeat of the sterol regulatory element (SRE) of the 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl-CoA reductase gene. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of the SRE-like element in CETP promoter activity. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • To determine the in vivo significance of this binding activity, CETP transgenic mice were prepared containing these promoter point mutations. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The promoter analysis yields 174 candidate motifs, including most previously known transcription-factor binding sites and 105 new motifs. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • The motif does not match any known transcription factor binding site. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Members of the bHLH family bind variations on the core sequence 'CANNTG', also refered to as the E-box motif. (embl.de)
  • Global hypomethylation occurs principally in repetitive DNA sequences and is considered associated with increased activation of transposable elements (Alexeeff et al. (springer.com)
  • However, this interaction is not required for positive sterol induction of CETP gene transcription. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The bulk of the genome is markedly depleted in CpG sites, which on the contrary they are enriched in specific tracts of the genome, named CpG islands, often associated with gene promoters and regulatory regions. (springer.com)
  • Here, we present a comparative analysis of the human, mouse, rat and dog genomes to create a systematic catalogue of common regulatory motifs in promoters and 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs). (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Mammalian Upstream Stimulatory Factor 1 and 2 (USF1 and USF2), which bind to a symmetrical DNA sequence that is found in a variety of viral and cellular promoters. (embl.de)
  • Ensuing specialists later determined that this multifunctional organ contained a number of valuable resident cells, other worthy non-indigenous cellular populations and a quantity of distinct structural elements, which possessed the potential to optimize fat graft survival and eventually further tissue engineering applications in regenerative medicine. (scirp.org)
  • Comprehensive identification of all functional elements encoded in the human genome is a fundamental need in biomedical research. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Your browser does not support the audio element. (upstate.edu)