• β-catenin is involved in Wnt signaling pathway that regulates cellular differentiation and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ERK5 Signalling and Resistance to ERK1/2 Pathway Therapeutics: The Path Less Travelled? (babraham.ac.uk)
  • The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is frequently de-regulated in human cancer. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a delicate and complex signal transduction pathway mediated by multiple signaling molecules, which plays a significant role in regulating human physiology and pathology. (frontiersin.org)
  • Abnormally activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting malignant tumor occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis, particularly in cancer stem cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Studies have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls cell fate and function through the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of omics networks. (frontiersin.org)
  • SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that has been found to play a major role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
  • This suggests the possibility that strictly regulated self-renewal mediated by Wnt signaling in cancer cells may be disturbed by the SUMOylation pathway to allow more malignant proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Following the first member of the Wnt family identified over the last four decades ( 25 ), several recent studies have focused on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ( 26 , 27 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Downregulation of Herg1 suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion by targeting Hippo signaling pathway]. (cancerindex.org)
  • In glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays, TDP-43 bound to karyopherin-alphas, thereby confirming the classical nuclear import pathway for the import of TDP-43. (crick.ac.uk)
  • BRAF is a cytoplasmic protein kinase, which activates the MEK-ERK signalling pathway. (bath.ac.uk)
  • These receptors function as ligand-dependent transcription factors [2] - [4] , acting either through the transcriptional regulation of genes (genomic pathway) or through membrane and cytoplasmic signaling cascades (non-genomic pathway). (scirp.org)
  • Current BC treatment options exclusively target the genomic signaling pathway. (scirp.org)
  • These findings provide the initial indication of a novel cell density-dependent pathway that is responsible for the regulation of VHL cellular localization. (nih.gov)
  • Hence, this review is supposed to serve as a refresher of the existing understanding about the physiologic and pathogenic assignments of WNT/-catenin signaling pathway, also to put together potential therapeutic possibilities by concentrating on the canonical WNT pathway. (icsv20.org)
  • A fuller picture of the WNT signaling pathway surfaced when T-cell aspect/lymphocyte enhancer aspect (TCF/LEF) transcription elements had been defined as WNT nuclear effectors 9, 10 and Frizzleds (FZDs) had been defined as WNT obligate receptors 11, working as well as co-receptors, such as for example low-density lipoprotein-receptor-related proteins (LRPs)/Arrow 12. (icsv20.org)
  • WNT palmitoylation is vital for WNT signaling and it is completed by PORC, an ardent ER-localized O-acyltransferase and extremely conserved element of the WNT pathway 32, 33. (icsv20.org)
  • Dysregulation of WNT signaling pathway is normally associated with several human illnesses 17-27. (icsv20.org)
  • Biologically, the canonical WNT/-catenin signaling pathway usually plays crucial functions in regulating cell fate, proliferation and survival, while the non-canonical WNT signaling is usually more associated with differentiation, cell polarity and migration 25-27. (icsv20.org)
  • Furthermore, the Wnt/β-catenin can crosstalk with other signaling pathways including Notch, FGF, Hedgehog, and TGF-β/BMP signaling cascades to form a signaling network to regulate the survival and progression of cancer cells ( 14 - 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Estrogen signaling pathways have been identified as efficient targets of breast cancer therapy, given their key role in promoting breast tumor growth. (scirp.org)
  • Estrogens stimulate the proliferation and the differentiation of breast epithelial cells through the activation of downstream mitogenic signaling pathways, namely via the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. (scirp.org)
  • Therefore, the identification of new actors of estrogen signaling pathways should improve treatment specificity and thus overcome cancer drug resistance. (scirp.org)
  • Thanks to the continuous research to understand the molecular aspects of OC in an attempt to better understand and consequently treat the disease Currently, the extensive genomic analysis has identified some common hyperactive intracellular signaling pathways responsible for the development and progression of OC in patients [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Traditionally, WNT signaling is usually classified into two large groups: the canonical WNT (or -catenin-dependent) and non-canonical WNT (or -catenin-independent) pathways. (icsv20.org)
  • Heat shock can trigger several signaling pathways known to protect cells against cellular insults. (uw.edu)
  • In response, cells produce the interferon inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) that, when bound to viral dsRNA, phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 2αand attenuates viral protein translation. (uleth.ca)
  • Non-canonical WNT signaling can also activate calcium flux and kinase cascades, including protein kinase C (PKC), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK), leading to the activation of AP1- and NFAT-regulated gene expression 25-27. (icsv20.org)
  • Therefore, precise regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling as a cancer-targeting strategy may contribute to the treatment of some malignancies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we review the complex regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by SUMOylation and discuss the potential targets of SUMOylation therapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study identifies a non-canonical EcR-corepressor complex with the potential for a direct regulation of ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling by a nuclear hormone receptor. (sdbonline.org)
  • The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
  • Crystal structure of ATP-bound Get3-Get4-Get5 complex reveals regulation of Get3 by Get4. (nih.gov)
  • Structural basis for regulation of the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of Bag6 by TRC35. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to regulation of cytoplasmic cytoskeletal dynamics, a little appreciated property of actin signaling is modulation of gene expression so far only reported for non-neuronal cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • It is a cytoplasmic protein which may regulate nuclear targeting by retaining proteins with a nuclear localization signal in the cytoplasm. (nih.gov)
  • Importin alpha binds the NLS-containing cargo in the cytoplasm and importin beta docks the complex at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • One such mechanism may be defective nuclear import of TDP-43 protein, as a disruption of its nuclear localization signal leads to mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm. (crick.ac.uk)
  • RAF-MEK-ERK signalling is normally thought to occur in the cytoplasm of the cell. (bath.ac.uk)
  • These data highlight that ESE-1 contains NLS and NES signals that play a critical role in regulating its subcellular localization and function, and that an intact SAR domain mediates MEC transformation exclusively in the cytoplasm, via a novel nontranscriptional mechanism, whereby the SAR motif is accessible for ligand and/or protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transport receptors constantly shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm, thereby rapidly crossing the permeability barrier of nuclear pores (59). (irjs.info)
  • Importins load cargoes in the absence of PCI-32765 distributor Ran in the cytoplasm and release their cargo upon RanGTP binding in the nucleus (27, 33, 58). (irjs.info)
  • In contrast, exportins bind substrates only in the presence of RanGTP in the nucleus and cargo release is accomplished when the Ran-bound GTP molecule is hydrolyzed in the cytoplasm (10, 22, 39). (irjs.info)
  • In addition to regulating cytoskeletal dynamics in the cytoplasm, actin modulates nuclear gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • Thus, A90V may be a genetic risk factor for FTLD/ALS because it predisposes nuclear TDP-43 to redistribute to the cytoplasm and form pathological aggregates. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, in an investigation of BRAF localisation using fluorescence microscopy combined with subcellular fractionation of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-tagged proteins expressed in NIH3T3 cells, surprisingly, we detected N-terminally truncated BRAF (ΔBRAF) in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. (bath.ac.uk)
  • To assess the role of NES2 in regulating ESE-1 subcellular localization and subsequent transformation potency, we site-specifically mutagenized NES2, within full-length GFP-ESE-1 and GFP-NES2-SAR reporter constructs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, the subcellular localization of HOXA7 changed from nuclear to cytoplasmic during follicular maturation [13] predominantly. (cancerhugs.com)
  • TDP-43 regulates RNA metabolism, trafficking, and localization of thousands of target genes. (nature.com)
  • The encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. (arigobio.cn)
  • The Ubl SUMO regulates a growing number of recognized proteins involved in the cell cycle, DNA repair, the stress response, nuclear transport, transcription, and signal transduction. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • GET4 is a novel driver gene in colorectal cancer that regulates the localization of BAG6, a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein. (nih.gov)
  • Non-canonical WNT signaling can be initiated by WNT conversation with Frizzled receptors, or RYK and ROR receptor tyrosine kinases, and regulates small GTPases (such as RhoA, Rac and Cdc42) in DVL-dependent manner. (icsv20.org)
  • Conversely, actin signaling regulates neuronal SRF-mediated gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • Exons 1-6 of the WT1 gene encode the regulatory domain, which regulates expression of target genes, and exons 7-10 encode the 4 zinc fingers of the DNA-binding region of the WT1 protein. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations in β-catenin or axin genes are not responsible for this abnormal localization of β-catenin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ecdysone-regulated genes are bound by a heterodimer of Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and Ultraspiracle . (sdbonline.org)
  • Maternal genes involved in dorsoventral (D/V) patterning of the Drosophila embryo interact to establish a stable nuclear concentration gradient of the Dorsal protein which acts as the morphogen along this axis. (silverchair.com)
  • Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
  • Therefore in the nucleus of AML stem/BPCs the β-catenin-TCF4/LEF1 complex increases manifestation of the pro-growth and pro-survival genes including cyclin D1 c-MYC and survivin while reducing Axin 2 levels1 3 15 In AML stem/BPCs Citalopram Hydrobromide multiple mechanisms are known to deregulate WNT signaling. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • Phosphorylation in both NLS regions is required for cytoplasmic translocation followed by secretion (PubMed:17114460). (arigobio.cn)
  • Similar results were obtained using ΔBRAF tagged with the hormone-binding domain of the oestrogen receptor (hbER) and with the KIAA1549-ΔBRAF translocation mutant found in human pilocytic astrocytomas. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Here we show that GFP-ΔBRAF nuclear translocation does not involve a canonical Nuclear Localisation Signal (NLS), but is suppressed by N-terminal sequences. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Citalopram Hydrobromide Due to inhibition of the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3β the polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of β-catenin is definitely often abrogated in the AML BPCs1 16 This enables the preservation nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. (researchassistantresume.com)
  • PRRSV employs −1 PRF directed by RNA secondary and tertiary structures within its viral genome (canonical PRF), as well as a noncanonical −1 and −2 PRF that are stimulated by the interactions of PRRSV nonstructural protein 1β (nsp1β) and host protein poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP) 1 or 2 with the viral genome. (uleth.ca)
  • This process, called signal transduction, plays the essential role in many biological processes and diseases, such as cancer. (researchsquare.com)
  • β-catenin is a multifunctional protein involved in two apparently independent processes: cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metastatic spread is responsible for the majority of cancer-associated deaths and is affected by a variety of factors, including the deregulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and epigenetic modification, as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the transformation of tumor cells into stem/progenitor cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Moreover, the EGF-induced KGN proliferation was abrogated, and the activation of downstream signaling was diminished when HOXA7 was knocked down. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Our work demonstrates that lncSNHG5 and its downstream signaling ZNF281-CCL2/CCL5 in CAFs play a crucial role in premetastatic niche formation in breast cancer and may serve as potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of BC metastasis. (thno.org)
  • The VHL protein has been shown to bind tightly and specifically to the Elongin B and C subunits and to inhibit Elongin (SIII) transcriptional activity in vitro . (nih.gov)
  • ESE-1 initiates transformation of MCF-12A cells via a non-transcriptional, cytoplasmic process that is mediated by a unique 40-amino acid serine and aspartic acid rich (SAR) subdomain, whereas, ESE-1's nuclear transcriptional property is required to maintain the transformed phenotype of MCF7, ZR-75-1 and T47D breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While previous publications have established ESE-1's transcription factor function, we have reported that ESE-1 initiates transformation of MECs via a novel non-nuclear, non-transcriptional mechanism [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transcriptional activator NF-Y is a heterotrimeric complex made up of NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC, which specifically binds the CCAAT consensus within about 30% of eukaryotic promoters. (irjs.info)
  • Post-translational modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) is an essential cellular regulatory mechanism, allowing rapid and reversible control of a target protein's function by altering its half-life, sub-cellular localization, enzymatic activity, protein-protein interactions, or other properties. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • In higher eukaryotes, the cellular localization of RanGAP1 is regulated by SUMOylation of its C-terminal domain. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • β-catenin binds to both the cytoplasmic domain of cadherin and the amino-terminal domain of β-catenin and mediates cell adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nuclear BAG6-UBL4A-GET4 complex mediates DNA damage signaling and cell death. (nih.gov)
  • Our data claim that a definite binding platform produced from the HFM of both subunits, NF-YB/NF-YC, mediates those relationships. (irjs.info)
  • Nucleocytoplasmic transport, a signal- and energy-dependent process, takes place through nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • This localization is required to help create and maintain the spatial gradient of the GTP-bound versus GDP-bound forms of Ran across the nuclear envelope necessary to drive nucleocytoplasmic transport. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • It mainly resides in nuclear ribonucleoprotein granules but also undergoes nucleocytoplasmic shuttling to participate in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules10. (lafurnitura.com)
  • Unlike receptors found on the cell surface, members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily are restricted to metazoan organisms such as nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • Early classification of these receptors was based on ligands, DNA binding properties or other functional characterization. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • This study examined the roles of hormone-dependent transcription factors (Nuclear Receptors), in accessory gland development, function and male fertility of a genetically tractable insect model, Drosophila melanogaster. (sdbonline.org)
  • Many nuclear transport procedures are mediated by soluble transportation receptors that understand particular sequences or structural characteristics of their cargoes and facilitate the passage of receptor-cargo complexes through the NPC. (irjs.info)
  • The largest class of nuclear transport receptors is the superfamily of importin -like factors (also named karyopherins) that PCI-32765 distributor can be classified as importins (import karyopherin) and exportins (export karyopherin) depending on the direction in which they transport the cargo (reviewed PCI-32765 distributor in references 25, 32, 43, 72, and 80). (irjs.info)
  • However, DNA binding per se is not required for nuclear localization, as an NGFI-A mutant (AY339G), which does not bind DNA, is still faithfully directed to the nucleus. (wustl.edu)
  • Fusion proteins containing all three zinc fingers were found in the nucleus, but those containing only two zinc fingers were predominantly cytoplasmic. (wustl.edu)
  • Prior to the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes pair, synapse, and recombine to ensure their proper disjunction at anaphase I. Additionally, telomeres tethered at the nuclear envelope cluster in the bouquet configuration where they are subjected to dramatic pulling forces acting from outside of the nucleus. (biorxiv.org)
  • These attachment sites are linked to actin-bundles that surround the nucleus via an Ndj1-Mps3-Csm4 protein bridge that spans the inner and outer nuclear membranes. (biorxiv.org)
  • Nuclear GFP-ΔBRAF retains MEK/ERK activating potential and is associated with the accumulation of phosphorylated MEK and ERK in the nucleus. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Proteins bearing a classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS) are imported into the nucleus by the importin / heterodimer (26, 49, 55). (irjs.info)
  • Our results demonstrate that while mutations to the central stem have no observable effect on binding affinity to PKR, mutations that appear to disrupt the structure of the three-way junction prevent inhibition of PKR. (uleth.ca)
  • Methods: Previously we observed that aurora kinase (AURK) binds IκBα in the cell. (researchsquare.com)
  • Enhanced ZNF281 transcriptionally regulated CCL2 and CCL5 expression to activate P38 MAPK signaling in endothelial cells. (thno.org)
  • Activation of the VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and expression of blood vascular endothelial cell (BEC) markers, such as NRP1 and EphrinB2, further differentiate these precursor cells into BECs, which then form the hierarchical network of blood vessels 4 . (nature.com)
  • These findings support the notion that the newly uncovered properties of ALP to interfere with cytokine signalling and upregulation of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells are likely to contribute to the therapeutic potential of ALP in immune-complex-induced tissue injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an important evaluation tool that falls under the umbrella of immunostaining techniques and exploits antigen - antibody binding to study the status of target molecules in tissues of interest. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The beauty of the antigen - antibody reaction is that each antibody is specific to only a portion of the antigen, called an epitope, and does not bind other molecules that do not match its target, including the body's own molecules. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The blood and lymphatic vascular systems are essential for the efficient transport of oxygen, nutrients, signaling molecules, and leukocytes to and from peripheral tissues, the removal of waste products, and the preservation of fluid homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Extending these observations, colon biopsies from E. faecalis -colonized IL-10 −/− mice exhibited crypt hyperplasia and increased staining for macrophages, TNF-α, netrin-1, NF-κB, Tnfrsf1b, and the proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen while also displaying a reduction in epithelial cell apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This differential localization indicated that HOXA7 underwent cell type- and stage-specific adjustments during ovarian folliculogenesis, which most likely led to the rules of granulosa cell proliferation. (cancerhugs.com)
  • A fraction of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas have abnormal nuclear accumulation of β-catenin accompanied with increased cyclin D1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In order to explore the factors that regulate the nuclear import of TDP-43, we used a small interfering RNA library to silence 82 proteins involved in nuclear transport and found that knockdowns of karyopherin-beta1 and cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein resulted in marked cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43. (crick.ac.uk)
  • In both control and Cis-treated cells, AG treatment significantly increased PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and enhanced the nuclear accumulation of NF- κ B. Concomitantly, in both control and Cis-treated cells, AG significantly lowered the protein levels of p53, p-p53 (Ser16), PUMA, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3. (hindawi.com)
  • Mutational analyses of the exon3 of the β-catenin gene and Axin gene were performed on tumors with nuclear β-catenin expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The amino-terminal part of TDP-43 includes a DIX (dishevelled and axin) domain, a nuclear localization signal, and tandem RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs). (lafurnitura.com)
  • Most cilia are primary cilia, which are involved in cell signalling to trigger migration, division or differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • EGF signaling takes on a significant part in cell differentiation and development [16]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)
  • A . Schematic of the bouquet configuration of chromosomes during meiotic prophase I. The spatial arrangement of chromosomes with telomeres clustered and attached at the inner nuclear membrane is shown. (biorxiv.org)
  • When Ser-322 is phosphorylated by Akt, the binding between Fam13a and 14-3-3 is enhanced, leading to cytoplasmic sequestration of Fam13a. (illinois.edu)
  • Significantly, A90V is located between the bipartite nuclear localization signal sequence of TDP-43 and the in vitro expression of TDP-43-A90V led to its sequestration with endogenous TDP-43 as insoluble cytoplasmic aggregates. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The D-domain appears to allow for conformational changes in the protein structure following ligand binding. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • The sequence of the ligand binding domain (LBD) or E/F domain varies substantially between NRs, but they all share a common structure of 11-13 a-helices organized around a hydrophobic binding pocket. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • May also act as a cytoplasmic retention protein with a role in regulating nuclear transport. (nih.gov)
  • A putative nuclear localization signal, a nuclear export signal, and a cytoplasmic retention locus have been identified in the VHL protein. (nih.gov)
  • NRs bind to hormone response elements (HREs) in their target promoters through the DNA binding domain (DBD) or C domain. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • To map the minimal functional nuclear localization (NLS) and nuclear export (NES) signals, we fused in-frame putative NLS and NES motifs between GFP and the SAR domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Four (8%) esophageal cancer tissues showed high nuclear β-catenin staining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Generally in most cell/tissues contexts, WNTs become short-range signaling 23. (icsv20.org)
  • The rising evidence signifies that WNT signaling performs an essential function in regulating many natural procedures, including embryonic advancement, tissues maintenance and homoeostasis of stem cells. (icsv20.org)
  • While expression of OsClpB-m was significantly less as compared to its cytoplasmic and chloroplastic counterparts in different tissues, this transcript showed highest heat-induced expression amongst the 3 ClpB proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the presence of nucleoside triphosphates and the small GTP binding protein Ran, the complex moves into the nuclear pore complex and the importin subunits dissociate. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • During interphase, RanGAP1 is bound to the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex via a sumoylationdependent interaction with the IR domain of the large nucleoporin RanBP2/Nup358. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • The website of exchange may be the nuclear pore complicated (NPC), among the largest macromolecular assemblies inside a eukaryotic cell, which may be traversed inside a unaggressive or a facilitated way. (irjs.info)
  • In determining which proteins bind to the RNA of interest, it is often useful to use the approach where the RNA molecule is the "bait" and allow it to capture proteins from a lysate or other relevant solution. (uleth.ca)
  • Analysis of the expression of chosen nuclear import factors in post-mortem brain samples from patients with TDP-43 positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and spinal cord samples from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, revealed a considerable reduction in expression of cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (crick.ac.uk)
  • In leg imaginal discs, hth expression is limited to the domain of exd function and this domain is complementary to the domain in which the Wingless (WG) and Decapentaplegic (DPP) signals are active. (biologists.com)
  • We demonstrate that WG and DPP act together through their targets Distal-less ( Dll ) and dachshund ( dac ) to restrict hth expression, and therefore EXD's nuclear localization, to the most proximal regions of the leg disc. (biologists.com)
  • Using the respective signal sequences cloned upstream to GFP/CFP reporter proteins and transient expression studies with onion epidermal cells, evidence is provided that rice ClpB-m and Clp-c proteins are indeed localized to their respective cell locations mitochondria and chloroplasts, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We present a hitherto unappreciated cross talk of actin signaling with gene expression governing neuronal motility. (jneurosci.org)
  • Here we analyzed neuronal actin signaling by a novel approach using actin mutant isoforms known to favor or preclude actin polymerization. (jneurosci.org)
  • TDP-43 is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), nuclear localization (NLS) and export signals (NES), and a carboxy-terminal glycine rich region. (nature.com)
  • However, the three dimensional structure of the RXR heterodimer complex produces different DNA binding affinities. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • The import of proteins containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) requires the NLS import receptor, a heterodimer of importin alpha and beta subunits also known as karyopherins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • NGFI-A is an immediately-early gene that encodes a transcription factor whose DNA binding domain is composed of three C 2 H 2 zinc fingers. (wustl.edu)
  • abstract = "NGFI-A is an immediately-early gene that encodes a transcription factor whose DNA binding domain is composed of three C2H2 zinc fingers. (wustl.edu)
  • hth function is required for the nuclear localization of the Hox cofactor Extradenticle (EXD). (biologists.com)
  • To determine the minimal region(s) of NGFI-A sufficient to direct nuclear localization, the cellular location of various NGFI-A/β- galactosidase fusion proteins was examined. (wustl.edu)
  • The effect on dendritic morphology is dependent on the RNA-binding ability of TDP-43. (nature.com)
  • during pachytene, telomeres disperse, yet remain attached to the nuclear envelope and are subject to actin-dependent pulling forces ( Z ickler and K leckner 1998 ). (biorxiv.org)
  • CENPF is part of the nuclear matrix during the G2 phase of the cell cycle (the phase of rapid protein synthesis in preparation for mitosis). (wikipedia.org)
  • Our data indicate that plakoglobin promotes tumor cluster formation in IMPC and downregulates apoptosis in the cell clusters through activation of PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 signaling. (jcancer.org)
  • Functional analysis of the complex via mutational analysis combined with RNA-binding assays and cell-based frameshifting reporter assays reveal a number of key residues within nsp1β and PCBP2 that are involved in complex formation and function. (uleth.ca)
  • Nup2 is a nonessential nucleoporin that functions in nuclear transport, boundary activity, and telomere silencing in mitotically dividing cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • These effects were blocked by anti-TNF-α antibody or by pretreatment with an inhibitor of NF-κB signaling. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Circulating autoantibodies linked with underlying autoimmune disease in those with HCV include rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, anti-SSA/anti-SSB antibody, cryoglobulin, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, antismooth muscle antibody, and antiliver autoantibody, and antithyroid autoantibody. (medscape.com)
  • During mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, destroying the Ran-GTP gradient. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • Cargo binding and release of importins and exportins is controlled by a steep RanGTP gradient, which is maintained across the nuclear envelope through the asymmetric distribution of factors that regulate the guanine nucleotide-bound state of Ran (25, 41, PCI-32765 distributor 43, 47, 76). (irjs.info)
  • The initial case for the participation of WNT signaling in individual cancers was produced when the hereditary cancers symptoms termed familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) gene item, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) 13, 14, was discovered to connect to -catenin 15, 16, and was afterwards shown to enjoy a critical function in managing -catenin proteins stability. (icsv20.org)
  • Employing these actin mutants, we uncovered a function for actin signaling in growth-cone motility modulated by ephrin-A guidance cues. (jneurosci.org)
  • A feasible function for EGF and EGFR signaling at choose phases of follicle maturation continues to be previously proposed and it is backed by many observations of the consequences of EGF on steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, and cumulus enlargement [17,18]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) share overlapping genetic causes and disease symptoms, and are linked neuropathologically by the RNA binding protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA binding protein-43 kDa). (nature.com)
  • The most highly conserved region is the C4 zinc finger domain, which as described above, is a DNA binding motif. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • Immediately adjacent to the DNA binding domain is the D or hinge domain. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • In addition to HD and LZ domains, subfamily IV also has a START domain related to sterol binding. (biomedcentral.com)