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Bile DuctsCommon Bile DuctBileBile Duct DiseasesBile Acids and SaltsBile Ducts, ExtrahepaticBile Duct NeoplasmsBile Ducts, IntrahepaticCommon Bile Duct DiseasesCholestasisPancreatic DuctsGallstonesAdenoma, Bile DuctCommon Bile Duct NeoplasmsCholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic RetrogradeCholangiographyHepatic Duct, CommonCholestasis, ExtrahepaticCystic DuctCholelithiasisThoracic DuctCholecystectomy, LaparoscopicBiliary TractJaundice, ObstructiveCholecystectomyCholangitisBiliary Tract Surgical ProceduresLigationCholedocholithiasisSphincterotomy, EndoscopicGallbladderBiliary Tract DiseasesSalivary DuctsLiverBile PigmentsAmpulla of VaterBile CanaliculiCholangiopancreatography, Magnetic ResonanceBiliary FistulaCholangiocarcinomaWolffian DuctsSphincter of OddiCholestasis, IntrahepaticMullerian DuctsBile RefluxCholedochal CystLiver Cirrhosis, BiliaryBiliary AtresiaTaurocholic AcidCholedochostomyDrainageUrsodeoxycholic AcidPancreatitisBilirubinCholangitis, SclerosingGallbladder NeoplasmsCholic AcidsChenodeoxycholic AcidJejunostomyJaundiceKidney Tubules, CollectingCholagogues and CholereticsBiliary Tract NeoplasmsNasolacrimal DuctLiver DiseasesCholecystitisAnastomosis, Roux-en-YEjaculatory DuctsLithotripsyHepatectomyDilatation, PathologicLithiasis1-NaphthylisothiocyanateCholic AcidDeoxycholic AcidIntraoperative ComplicationsIatrogenic DiseaseSphincterotomy, TranshepaticAnastomosis, SurgicalLithocholic AcidPancreaticoduodenectomyEndoscopyLiver Cirrhosis, ExperimentalDuodenoscopyEndoscopesHepatic ArteryDuodenumTaurodeoxycholic AcidTaurochenodeoxycholic AcidPostoperative ComplicationsGallbladder DiseasesImino AcidsEnterohepatic CirculationConstriction, PathologicCatheterizationKlatskin's TumorHepatocytesPancreasLiver TransplantationCalculi
CholangiographyDrainageERCPObstructionMalignantSmall intestinePancreasGallstonesDuodenumSclerosing cholangitisIntrahepatic ductsPancreatic DuctsStricturesRight and left hepatic dTumors of the bileCholangiogramCholangiocarcinomaCholecystostomyPunctureComplicationsLaparoscopicCysticStonesPlacementProcedureBiopsySurgical LaparoscopyContrastLaser lithotripsyHepatocellular CarcinomaBilirubinEndoscopyJaundiceStentCancerPerihilar regionHepatic ductMRCPStored in the gallbladderPatients
Cholangiography11
Drainage27
  • Major complications occurred in one patient in the stone basket group, who experienced hemobilia due to arterial injury caused by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, which was treated by endovascular embolization without mortality. (gnu.ac.kr)
  • Some uses for this procedure includes: drainage of bile/infected bile to relieve obstructive jaundice, to place a stent to dilate a stricture in the biliary system, stone removal, and rendezvous technique where guidewire from the common bile duct (CBD) meets with duodenoscope (coming from the oesophagus into the stomach and then duodenum) at the major duodenal papilla. (wikipedia.org)
  • This procedure is also contraindicated in biliary tract sepsis, except to control the infection by drainage of the infected bile. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, it has lower rate of cholangitis, pancreatitis when compared to endoscopic biliary drainage, probably because the latter has higher chance of incomplete drainage of infected bile, or accidental resection of papilla that causes the backflow of infected bile from the duodenum into the biliary system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is often performed if endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) is unsuccessful for biliary obstructions due to hepatocellular carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Five patients (4.6%) required a percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. (nih.gov)
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of the combination of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous external drainage and subsequent definitive operation to manage complicated choledochal cyst in children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This retrospective study included 6 children with choledochal cyst who underwent initial US-guided percutaneous external drainage and subsequent cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy between January 2021 and September 2022. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Four patients (4/6) had a giant choledochal cyst with the widest diameter of ≥ 10 cm and underwent US-guided percutaneous biliary drainage on admission or after conservative treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other 2 patients (2/6) underwent US-guided percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage due to coagulopathy, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Five patients (5/6) recovered well after US-guided percutaneous external drainage and underwent the definitive operation, whereas 1 patient (1/6) had liver fibrosis confirmed by Fibroscan and ultimately underwent liver transplantation 2 months after external drainage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mean time from US-guided percutaneous external drainage to the definitive operation was 12 ± 9 (3-21) days. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No related complications of US-guided percutaneous external drainage occurred during hospitalization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our detailed analysis of this small cohort suggests that US-guided percutaneous external drainage is technically feasible for choledochal cyst with giant cysts or coagulopathy in children, which may provide suitable conditions for subsequent definitive operation with a good prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Not All Leaking Bile Ducts Are Bile Leaks A patient presents with persistent bilious drainage from a percutaneous right upper quadrant abdominal drain placed 1 month ago during an open cholecystectomy. (medscape.com)
  • Current guidelines, including the well established Tokyo guidelines recommend gallbladder drainage via percutaneous cholecystostomy (placement of a drain or a tube with the aim of draining the gallbladder content usually performed under local anesthesia and image guidance via ultrasound or computed tomography) in such cases ( 8 , 9 ). (aerzteblatt.de)
  • Initial studies on PBD included both benign and malignant pathologies, employed the percutaneous means of biliary drainage, and did not specifically address POPF after PD. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Mechanical bile drainage can often relieve pruritus, recurrent sepsis, and pain due to biliary obstruction. (merckmanuals.com)
  • During the 1970s, percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) for obstructive jaundice and percutaneous treatment of stone disease was introduced. (medscape.com)
  • In acalculous cholecystitis, percutaneous drainage may be the only treatment required. (medscape.com)
  • Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is the established method of treatment for benign or malignant biliary obstruction. (jwmr.org)
  • Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is one of the two standardized drainage methods for benign or malignant biliary obstruction, the other being endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage [ 1 , 2 ]. (jwmr.org)
  • Used for percutaneous placement of a catheter in bile duct upto the duodenum for biliary drainage. (urologydisposables.net)
  • Used for percutaneous placement of Malecot tip catheter in liver for biliary drainage/in the abdominal or thoracic cavity for drainage of clear or infected fluid collection/abscess. (blueneem.com)
  • Used for percutaneous placement of a tube for drainage of ascites & pleural effusions by Seldinger technique. (blueneem.com)
  • Used for percutaneous drainage in a variety of drainage applications (e.g., nephrostomy, biliary and abscess) by direct stick technique. (blueneem.com)
  • Drainage catheters may be placed to divert bile. (medscape.com)
ERCP4
Obstruction11
  • Bile duct obstruction is a blockage in the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For biliary obstruction at the hilum (meeting point of right and hepatic hepatic ducts), both ERBD and PTBD can be done depending on subject's clinical circumstances and physician's preference. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most patients with bile duct tumors present with jaundice due to obstruction of the biliary tree by the tumor. (medscape.com)
  • The anticipated course of most cases of bile duct tumors includes recurrent biliary obstruction with infectious complications, local spread, and death in 6-12 months. (medscape.com)
  • However, cannulation of the common bile duct can be difficult under certain instances because of anatomical variations or obstruction at the biliary entrance level. (nih.gov)
  • Recurrent episodes of cholangitis develop in the absence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) as a result of pyogenic bile duct infection. (medscape.com)
  • Gallbladder and bile duct tumors can cause extrahepatic biliary obstruction. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder that occurs most commonly because of the presence of stones in the gallbladder or an obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstones arising from the gallbladder (cholelithiasis). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] and malignant obstruction and percutaneous cholecystostomy. (medscape.com)
  • The tube is clamped for about 48 hours to evaluate the patency of the cystic duct and to observe for any signs and symptoms suggestive of cystic duct obstruction. (medscape.com)
  • If ultrasonography shows bile ducts that are dilated (widened), the cause is typically obstruction. (msdmanuals.com)
Malignant4
  • Cholangiocarcinoma, or bile duct cancer, occurs when a malignant (cancerous) tumor grows in one of the ducts that transport bile from the liver to the small intestine. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Mount Sinai South Nassau's Liver and Bile Duct Surgery Program, headed by Ganesh Gunasekaran, MD, routinely treats patients with complex benign tumors, malignant cancers and other disorders of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct and pancreas. (southnassau.org)
  • Targeted and effective diagnosis guarantees more successful treatment prospects for patients with suspected malignant bile duct tumors. (bonameda.com)
  • Hepaticojejunostomy (HJS) is an essential component of many surgical procedures, including pancreaticoduodenectomy for benign and malignant neoplasms, resection of bile duct tumors, liver transplantation, palliative treatment for unresectable obstructive tumors, and surgical procedures for chronic pancreatitis or choledocholithiasis [ 1 ]. (mdpi.com)
Small intestine7
  • This procedure is also indicated when endoscopic access is difficult in case where there is major modification of the stomach and small intestine such as Billroth II stomach resection, and other conditions such as intradiverticular papilla (duodenal papilla located inside a duodenal outpouching), stenosis of the duodenal papilla, stone within the distal CBD, stenosis of ampulla of Vater, stone in the peripheral bile duct, or stone larger than 15 mm. (wikipedia.org)
  • This region includes the common bile duct and inserts into the small intestine. (tri-kobe.org)
  • When food is being broken down in the stomach and intestines, bile is released from the gallbladder through a tube called the common bile duct, which connects the gallbladder and liver to the first part of the small intestine. (peacehealth.org)
  • Bile is stored in the gallbladder and flows through the cystic duct and the common bile duct into the small intestine when food is being digested. (peacehealth.org)
  • If a blockage is found, a thin, flexible tube called a stent is sometimes left in the liver to drain bile into the small intestine or a collection bag outside the body. (peacehealth.org)
  • The ducts are reached by passing an endoscope down the throat and into the small intestine. (integrisok.com)
  • Overview of the Liver and Gallbladder Located in the upper right portion of the abdomen, the liver and gallbladder are interconnected by ducts known as the biliary tract, which drains into the first segment of the small intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
Pancreas3
Gallstones6
Duodenum3
Sclerosing cholangitis2
Intrahepatic ducts2
  • Tumors of the intrahepatic bile ducts originate in small intrahepatic ductules or large intrahepatic ducts that are proximal to the bifurcation of the right and left hepatic ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
  • Biliary interventions can also be performed, but the intrahepatic ducts can be difficult to access. (medscape.com)
Pancreatic Ducts2
Strictures3
Right and left hepatic d3
  • The main right and left hepatic ducts from the liver unite near the right end of the porta hepatis to form the common hepatic duct (CHD), which descends for about 2.5 cm before being joined by the cystic duct to form the common bile duct (CBD). (medscape.com)
  • They include part of the right and left hepatic ducts that are outside the liver, the common hepatic duct, and the common bile duct. (tri-kobe.org)
  • The hilum is the region where the right and left hepatic ducts exit the liver and join to form the common hepatic duct that is proximal to the origin of the cystic duct. (tri-kobe.org)
Tumors of the bile3
  • Tumors of the bile duct constitute about 2% of all cancers found at autopsy. (medscape.com)
  • Cholangiocarcinomas , the most important primary tumors of the bile ducts, may involve either the intrahepatic or the extrahepatic biliary ducts. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] The classification of bile duct tumors has changed to include intrahepatic tumors of the bile ducts and extrahepatic tumors (perihilar and distal) of the bile ducts. (tri-kobe.org)
Cholangiogram1
Cholangiocarcinoma2
Cholecystostomy6
Puncture4
  • Percutaneous puncture is a complex procedure requiring a specialist's experience and knowledge, with the aim of which a wire guide is inserted into the body cavity with the help of an insertion needle. (bonameda.com)
  • One of the components of successful insertion of a percutaneous puncture procedure is the use of a high-quality, quickly, and precisely controlled insertion needle with scalpel sharpness. (bonameda.com)
  • Subsequent reports described direct percutaneous biliary puncture. (medscape.com)
  • Used for single puncture percutaneous access to facilitate placement of 0.038 inch diameter Guidewire for interventional radiology procedures. (blueneem.com)
Complications1
  • This surgery is done to reduce tumor size to relieve symptoms from excess hormone production or to prevent certain complications like a blocked bile duct or intestine. (cancer.org)
Laparoscopic2
  • This study was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of one-stage laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with those of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus LC for concomitant gallbladder (GB) and common bile duct (CBD) stones in elderly patients. (e-jmis.org)
  • Both one-stage laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and two-stage endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus LC are standard treatment options for patients with GB and CBD stones. (e-jmis.org)
Cystic2
  • The hepatic ducts and the upper and middle portions of the CBD are supplied with blood primarily by rami from the cystic artery. (medscape.com)
  • Demonstration of the continuity of the cystic lesions with the bile ducts is paramount in diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Stones4
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones using a modified balloon technique (balloon catheter sphincteroplasty and expulsion of the stones using half-captured balloons within the sheath) in patients difficult to treat with endoscopy. (gnu.ac.kr)
  • However not infrequently patients who have been diagnosed with choledocholithiasis on imaging and who subsequently undergo… Primary stones arise within the biliary duct system, while secondary stones develop in the gallbladder and migrate to the CBD. (web.app)
  • An advantage of EUS over MRCP is the possibility of conversion to ERC, in case common bile duct (CBD) stones are detected, provided the procedures are done in the same setting and by investigators trained in both techniques. (web.app)
  • Transcystic removal of common bile duct stones and stent in patients who underwent endoscopic treatment for cholangitis is one of these new techniques to manage cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis and stent removal in a single procedure through laparoscopy. (bvsalud.org)
Placement1
  • Stent placement can not only induce pancreatic and bile duct wall inflammation but also introduce infection into the biliopancreatic system, and this may be responsible. (thieme-connect.de)
Procedure6
  • This procedure is called endoscopic or percutaneous (through the skin next to the liver) dilation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Before the procedure, bedside ultrasound is done to confirm the position of the dilated bile ducts in the liver. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy using a soft guide wire is a safe and effective procedure in patients with difficult bile duct access where classic sphincterotomy or needle-knife procedures fail. (nih.gov)
  • A procedure used to x-ray the liver and bile ducts. (peacehealth.org)
  • The case of a percutaneous biliary rendez-vous procedure performed to treat an HJA dehiscence after duodeno-cephalo-pancreasectomy is presented, which is successfully guaranteed to avoid a new surgical approach. (mdpi.com)
  • The second technique is a new indication of a previously described procedure, antegrade balloon papillary dilation to reduce biliary leaks after primary closure of the common bile duct. (bvsalud.org)
Biopsy4
  • In case of biopsy, a tissue sample is taken from the area of interest, and is checked for pathological examination from a percutaneous or transvenous approach. (medgadget.com)
  • This test can't be used to get biopsy samples or to place small tubes (stents) in the ducts to keep them open. (integrisok.com)
  • We present a percutaneous bile duct biopsy kit used for percutaneous transluminal bile biopsy, allowing efficient extraction of a highly accurate histological specimen. (bonameda.com)
  • This is a safer and more accurate choice for access and tissue biopsy from the bile duct system than standard bile sampling techniques performed during percutaneous aspiration biopsy, intraluminal bile lavage, and bile cytological analysis procedures. (bonameda.com)
Surgical Laparoscopy1
Contrast8
  • This endoscope allows your doctor to inject contrast material into your bile ducts. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • A contrast medium is injected into a bile duct in the liver, after which X-rays are taken. (wikipedia.org)
  • Precuts were performed using a soft guide wire placed in the pancreatic duct without injection of contrast fluid into the pancreatic duct. (nih.gov)
  • An X-ray of the bile ducts using an intravenous contrast dye. (uclahealth.org)
  • [ 1 ] In contrast, bile duct tumors located outside of the liver had been classified with gallbladder cancer as extrahepatic biliary tract tumors. (tri-kobe.org)
  • These devices inject X-ray contrast material to monitor the lymphatic system, lymph nodes, lymphatic ducts, lymphoid tissues, capillaries, lymphatic blood vessels, or salivary glands during X-rays. (bonameda.com)
  • PTC can be difficult if the peripheral ducts are not dilated, or PTC may be contraindicated if the patient has a severe allergy to radiographic contrast media or an uncorrected coagulopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Contrast-enhanced percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographic image shows the dilated ducts in the left lobe of the liver. (medscape.com)
Laser lithotripsy1
  • Percutaneous choledochoscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective minimally invasive technique to treat complex biliary stone disease and may preclude high-risk open biliary tract surgery. (tau.ac.il)
Hepatocellular Carcinoma2
  • Traditionally, bile duct tumors located within the liver had been classified with hepatocellular carcinoma as primary liver tumors. (tri-kobe.org)
  • Liver cancer includes two major types: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic bile duct cancer. (oncolink.org)
Bilirubin3
Endoscopy1
  • David Carr-Locke Endoscopy Clinic - Pancreatic Duct Disruption This 35-year-old woman with a history of chronic pancreatitis secondary to alcohol use presented with diffuse abdominal discomfort and ascites. (medscape.com)
Jaundice1
  • Between January 2003 and June 2006, a total of 108 patients with jaundice but with inaccessible bile ducts using classic techniques (failed primary cannulation or failed needle-knife papillotomy) underwent a wire-guided transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy. (nih.gov)
Stent3
  • A stent is a tiny tube we place in an artery, blood vessel, or other duct (such as the one that carries urine) to hold the tubes open. (mountsinai.org)
  • These tests can also be used to get samples of cells or fluid to look for cancer, or to place a stent (small tube) inside a duct to keep it open. (integrisok.com)
  • Una es la extracción transcística de coledocolitiasis y stent, en pacientes que fueron tratados endoscópicamente por colangitis, tendiente a resolver el problema (la litiasis vesicular, la coledocolitiasis y el stent) en un solo tiempo por cirugía laparoscópica. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer11
  • A diagnosis of bile duct cancer begins with comprehensive physical exam during which you describe your symptoms and medical history. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Used to diagnose liver cancer, it is also helpful in diagnosing bile duct cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This is usually the first test you will undergo if bile duct cancer is suspected. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • A CT scan is a very powerful X-ray and can detect masses associated with bile duct cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • PET scans can be used to detect bile duct cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • EUS is useful in diagnosing bile duct cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • If the blockage is caused by cancer, the duct may need to be widened. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bile duct cancer differs from gallbladder cancer in that it is distributed more evenly between males and females, and the course is more prolonged. (medscape.com)
  • This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of bile duct cancers. (tri-kobe.org)
  • The true incidence of bile duct cancer is unknown, however, because establishing an accurate diagnosis is difficult. (tri-kobe.org)
  • Intrahepatic bile duct cancer may be relatively indolent and difficult to clinically differentiate from metastatic adenocarcinoma deposits in the liver. (tri-kobe.org)
Perihilar region1
  • Cholangiocarcinomas occur predominantly in the extrahepatic bile ducts: 60 to 70% in the perihilar region (Klatskin tumors), about 25% in the distal extrahepatic ducts, and the rest in the liver. (merckmanuals.com)
Hepatic duct2
  • Fortunately, the left hepatic duct was judged to be normal by imaging. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Drawing shows the main right hepatic duct and the multiple segmental branch dilatations related to Caroli disease. (medscape.com)
MRCP1
Stored in the gallbladder1
Patients4
  • Needle-knife or precut sphincterotomy has been described as technique to facilitate biliary access in patients with difficult bile duct cannulation. (nih.gov)
  • Bile duct cannulation was successful in 103 (95.4%) of the 108 patients. (nih.gov)
  • The bile ducts of patients with cholangiohepatitis are thought to be increasingly susceptible to bacterial seeding as a result of helminthic infections or as a consequence of malnutrition. (medscape.com)
  • Methods Retrospective single center cohort study of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy over the past 10 years for carcinoma obstructing the lower common bile duct. (thieme-connect.de)