Bifunctional enzyme acetyl acetyl coenzyme a. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is a substrate for succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase. (hmdb.ca)
In enzymology, a malonate CoA-transferase (EC 2.8.3.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl-CoA + malonate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } acetate + malonyl-CoA Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and malonate, whereas its two products are acetate and malonyl-CoA. (wikipedia.org)
The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:malonate CoA-transferase. (wikipedia.org)
This enzyme is also called malonate coenzyme A-transferase. (wikipedia.org)

Of the five other autotrophic pathways, two are known only in bacteria (the reductive citric acid cycle and the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle), two only in archaea (two variants of the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle), and one in both bacteria and archaea (the reductive acetyl CoA pathway). (encyclopedia.pub)

From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.1.3.2. (uchicago.edu)
Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4. (lookformedical.com)
The entries below are proposed additions and amendments to the Enzyme Nomenclature list . (enzyme-database.org)

In addition to the central catalysts, CO dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthase, ATPases are needed in the pathway. (degruyter.com)
Ni-Zn-[Fe4-S4] and Ni-Ni-[Fe4-S4] clusters in closed and open subunits of acetyl-CoA synthase/carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. (degruyter.com)
The CdhAB-2 combines with acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS) [ 10 ] and operates in the acetyl-CoA pathway for complete oxidation of lactate to CO 2 [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency is caused by mutations in the ACOX1 gene, which provides instructions for making an enzyme called peroxisomal straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase. (medlineplus.gov)
The peroxisomal straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase enzyme plays a role in the breakdown of certain fat molecules called very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). (medlineplus.gov)
ACOX1 gene mutations prevent the peroxisomal straight-chain acyl-CoA oxidase enzyme from breaking down VLCFAs efficiently. (medlineplus.gov)
Peroxisomal acyl coenzyme A oxidase 2 converts 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA into 3a,7a-dihydoxy-5b-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)
With the help of water, peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 turns 3a,7a-dihydoxy-5b-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA into 3a,7a,24-trihydoxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)
This compound then uses peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 to create chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)

Growth on CO requires the enzyme carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) that catalyzes the reversible conversion between CO and CO 2 . (hindawi.com)

It contains enoyl-CoA hydratase, long-chain-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase activities and plays an important role in the metabolism of long chain FATTY ACIDS. (bvsalud.org)
Among the enzyme-based assays, the MTT assay is the best known for determining mitochondrial dehydrogenase activities in living cells. (dojindo.com)
Cellular enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenylate kinase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase are also used as cell death markers, and there are several such products available on the market. (dojindo.com)
The enzyme is a member of the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate-reductase family of enzymes [5]. (enzyme-database.org)
7a-hydroxycholesterol then becomes 7a-hydroxy-cholestene-3-one, which is made possible by the enzyme 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7. (smpdb.ca)

The reductive acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) pathway, also known as the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, allows reduction and condensation of two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to build the acetyl-group of acetyl-CoA. (degruyter.com)
In the absence of electron acceptor, downregulation of F 420 H 2 dependent steps of the acetyl-CoA pathway is linked to transient formate generation. (hindawi.com)
Fqo can be hypothesized to be operative during sulfate reduction with CO. The Fqo complex receives electrons from the reduced coenzyme F 420 (F 420 H 2 ), generated from the oxidative acetyl-CoA pathway, and transfers electrons to the membrane-bound respiratory chain by the reduction of menaquinone [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Coenzyme A (CoA) is a fundamental co-factor for all life, involved in numerous metabolic pathways and cellular processes, and its biosynthetic pathway has raised substantial interest as a drug target against multiple pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Coenzyme A biosynthesis pathway. (nature.com)
The download Hanging Sam: A Military Biography of General of Insulin like Growth Factor Binding Proteins( IGFBPs) phase 50 response pathway good research with reviewed N cell and C formation enzymes binding for conjugating Insulin like Growth Factors I and II( IGF I and IGF II). (evakoch.com)
The enzyme participates in the menthol-biosynthesis pathway of Mentha plants. (enzyme-database.org)
This pathway occurs in the liver, beginning with cholesterol being converted to 7a-hydroxycholesterol through the enzyme cholesterol-7-alpha-monooxygenase, after being transported into the liver cell. (smpdb.ca)
These components of the pathway occur in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, although 2 enzymes, 25-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase and sterol 26 hydroxylase, are found in the mitochondria. (smpdb.ca)

Searching for up to 100 curated homologs for Pf1N1B4_5133 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.16) @ Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) (394 a.a. (lbl.gov)

An enzyme's world is simple, containing one or a few substrates and maybe a cosubstrate or coenzyme. (heresy.is)

They are distinguished from MULTIENZYME COMPLEXES in that their subunits are not found as distinct enzymes. (rush.edu)
As subunits enzyme is, the E bacillus hormones tested by the G1 and S enzymes, are involved and the ions of the invalid visitors are. (evakoch.com)

The bifunctional bacterial enzyme N-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) catalyzes the two-step formation of UDP-GlcNAc, a fundamental precursor in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. (rcsb.org)
The biosynthesis of CoA is performed in five steps, with the second and third steps being catalysed in the vast majority of prokaryotes, including M. tuberculosis , by a single bifunctional protein, CoaBC. (nature.com)
The biosynthesis of CoA from pantothenic acid (vitamin B 5 ) is performed in five steps (Fig. 1 ), sequentially catalysed by the enzymes pantothenate kinase (CoaA, also known as PanK), phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (CoaB), phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (CoaC), phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase (CoaD) and dephospho-CoA kinase (CoaE). (nature.com)

protein_coding" "AAC74185","ptsG","Escherichia coli","fused glucose-specific PTS enzymes: IIB component/IIC component [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
protein_coding" "AAC74888","manY","Escherichia coli","mannose-specific enzyme IIC component of PTS [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
The structure of the ribosome also suggests an evolutionary path along which RNA enzymes may have been replaced by protein enzymes in evolution. (heresy.is)
However, if the above scenario for the evolutionary replacement of RNA enzymes by protein enzymes is correct, why did a similar replacement not occur with cosubstrates? (heresy.is)
Nasu, S., Wicks, F.D. and Gholson, R.K. L -Aspartate oxidase, a newly discovered enzyme of Escherichia coli , is the B protein of quinolinate synthetase. (enzyme-database.org)
specific protein associated with the reaction, generic enzyme associated with the reaction, and the reaction itself. (umassmed.edu)

D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is one of the main enzymes that metabolize D-Amino acids via deamination. (smpdb.ca)

Epigenetic drug discovery is a rapidly advancing field, and drugs targeting epigenetic enzymes are in the clinic for the treatment of hematological cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate to yield orthophosphate and N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. (uchicago.edu)

The crystal structures of Streptococcus pneumoniae GlmU in unbound form, in complex with acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) and in complex with both AcCoA and the end product UDP-GlcNAc, have been determined and refined to 2.3, 2.5, and 1.75 A, respectively. (rcsb.org)

In coenzyme A, the business end is the thiol group that becomes bound to the substrate, and in NAD + it is the nicotinamide moiety that undergoes reversible reduction and oxidation. (heresy.is)
A class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-O, and C-N, and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. (lookformedical.com)
Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation. (lookformedical.com)

This enzyme participates in beta-alanine metabolism and propanoate metabolism. (wikipedia.org)

Specficially, activation is associated with reduction of the mycobacterial ferric KatG catalase-peroxidase by hydrazine and reaction with oxygen to form an oxyferrous enzyme complex. (illumina.com)
In the mitochondria of the cell, sterol 26-hydroxylase converts 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestane to 3a,7a,26-trihydroxy-5b-cholestane, which is then converted to 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al by the same enzyme used in the previous reaction. (smpdb.ca)
however, the combination of the reduction of an organic electron mediator on the carbon electrode and the H2 formation with the reduced mediator by the redox enzyme hydrogenase provides a H2‐forming cathodic reaction comparable to that of the noble metal electrode. (nara-wu.ac.jp)
Not available " indicates that no score was available for the corresponding gene, enzyme, or reaction in the relevant database. (umassmed.edu)

Multifunctional Enzymes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Multifunctional Enzymes" by people in this website by year, and whether "Multifunctional Enzymes" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Multifunctional Enzymes" by people in Profiles. (rush.edu)

I. Characterization of coenzyme binding and product inhibition. (enzyme-database.org)

This process shortens the VLCFA molecules by two carbon atoms at a time until the VLCFAs are converted to a molecule called acetyl-CoA, which is transported out of the peroxisomes for reuse by the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
These electrically neutral molecules, which have acetyl or acetoxymethyl groups capping the phenolic OH or carboxylic groups of Calcein, freely permeate into the cell. (dojindo.com)

Chances are that a change to its molecular structure would disrupt its interaction with some enzyme molecule or other that is essential to the survival of the cell. (heresy.is)

However, in the vast majority of prokaryotes, including M. tuberculosis , CoaB and CoaC are encoded by a single gene to produce a fused bifunctional enzyme (CoaBC). (nature.com)
Gene sets follow the order of enzymes. (umassmed.edu)

Malic enzyme, N-terminal domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)

This enzyme is involved in the degradation of N -acetylneuraminate. (qmul.ac.uk)

The bifunctional CODH ( cdhAB-2 ) is predicted to play an ubiquitous role in the metabolism of CO, and a novel nitrate reductase-associated respiratory complex was induced specifically in the presence of sulfate. (hindawi.com)
Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential and ubiquitous co-factor involved in numerous metabolic pathways with a large number of different enzymes requiring it for their activity 2 . (nature.com)

Nucleotides also occur as parts of more complex cosubstrates and coenzymes, three of which are shown here. (heresy.is)
This methylation is formed below with: an phosphorylation acetyl-CoA with an calcium maltose, a level with a setting a004614, a consistent domain with an alpha, and a process with A, water and actomyosin dynamics to occur these three melanocytes of loop. (evakoch.com)

If we make some random change to the structure of the enzyme, there is a reasonable chance that the interactions with all of these ligands will remain intact. (heresy.is)

Productive utilization of CO 2 relies on a set of oxygen sensitive metalloenzymes exploiting the metal organic chemistry of nickel and cobalt to synthesize acetyl-CoA from activated one-carbon compounds. (degruyter.com)

LDH is a stable cytoplasmic enzyme found in all types of cells and is released into the cell culture medium when the plasma membrane is damaged. (dojindo.com)

In contrast, a cosubstrate such as ATP or NADH inhabits a much more complex world, containing a very large number of interacting enzymes. (heresy.is)

They are based on various cell functions such as enzyme activity, cell membrane permeability, cell adherence, ATP production, co-enzyme production, and nucleotide uptake activity. (dojindo.com)

Therefore, cell death assays based on LDH activity are more reliable than other enzyme-based cell death assays. (dojindo.com)

construction of an enzyme-immobilized bioanode that can operate at high temperatures. (brenda-enzymes.info)
high doses interfere with the coenzyme function of the latter. (illumina.com)
This paper emphasizes the fact that LSD is significantly higher than the estimated 1% in previous studies, which is important for genetic counseling as there is a high risk of recurrence and the availability of enzyme replacement therapy for an increasing number of LSD. (biomedcentral.com)

An asterisk before 'EC' indicates that this is an amendment to an existing enzyme rather than a new enzyme entry. (enzyme-database.org)

The date on which an enzyme will be made official is appended after the EC number. (enzyme-database.org)

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the CoA-transferases. (wikipedia.org)

The enzyme is highly regioselective for the reduction of the endocyclic 1,2-double bond, and is stereoselective, producing only the 1 R -configured product. (enzyme-database.org)

Hiroshi Fujii, An inorganic-biological hybrid system that integrates features of both stable and efficient semiconductors and selective and efficient enzymes is attractive for facilitating the conversion of solar energy to hydrogen. (nara-wu.ac.jp)

Anatomy5

Organisms9

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs153

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care2

Transferase4

Reductive acetyl-1

Nomenclature3

Synthase3

Peroxisomal6

Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase1

Dehydrogenase5

Pathway9

Acetyltransferase1

Substrates1

Subunits2

Biosynthesis3

Protein6

Oxidase1

Drugs1

Catalyzes1

GlmU1

Oxidation3

Participates1

Reaction4

Multifunctional3

Characterization1

Molecules2

Molecule1

Gene2

Interproscan1

Degradation1

Ubiquitous2

Occur2

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