Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Gamma-crystallins are a homogeneous group of highly symmetrical, monomeric proteins typically lacking connecting peptides and terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
The concentration of beta crystallin proteins was reduced by in-vivo exposures. (cdc.gov)
A recent paper from the Martin lab explores the evolutionary connection between calcium-binding beta/gamma crystallin proteins and the structural beta/gamma crystallins of the eye lens. (uci.edu)
Current phylogenetic evidence suggests that the 15 or so distinct proteins known to have alpha/beta structures arose by convergent evolution. (cureffi.org)
Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
Contrary to the prevailing assumption, we have found that the clumping is not caused by a decrease in protective alpha-crystallin proteins," Tobias Madl, Gottfried Schatz Research Center at MedUni Graz, described the first surprising result. (anton-paar.com)
Using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and other methods, the researchers observed that the balance of the three most common proteins in the lens that developed cataracts - alpha, beta and gamma crystalline - was particularly disturbed. (anton-paar.com)
To identify proteins interacting with alpha A-crystallin (CRYAA) and to investigate the potential role that these protein interactions play in the function of CRYAA using a human proteome (HuProt) microarray. (molvis.org)
CRYAA is one of the major lens proteins, accounting for 35% of all crystallins. (molvis.org)
This gene encodes a member of the beta/gamma-crystallin family of proteins. (raybiotech.com)
Crystallins constitute the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintain the transparency and refractive index of the lens. (raybiotech.com)
AIM1, a novel non-lens member of the betagamma-crystallin superfamily, is associated with the control of tumorigenicity in human malignant melanoma. (unige.ch)
Lens5
Calf lens homogenates were incubated at temperatures ranging from 37 to 45 degrees-C. Isoelectric focused gel analysis of the lenses incubated for 30 minutes at 45 degrees showed a definite loss in the lowest points of the alpha crystallin components. (cdc.gov)
In contrast, the human lens protein gammaS-crystallin, which contains defunct calcim-binding sites binding sites, does not bind any divalent cations and aggregates readily in the presence of zinc. (uci.edu)
This type of information about how the vertebrate lens crystallins evolved away from ion-binding and toward independent stability is critical to understanding their function in the eye lens. (uci.edu)
Beta-crystallin A4 (CRYBA4) is a member of the beta/gamma-crystallin family which are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens. (prospecbio.com)
[5] [6] The propeptide region has an open-sandwich antiparallel-alpha/antiparallel-beta fold, with two alpha-helices and four beta-strands with a (beta/alpha/beta)x2 topology. (wikipedia.org)
There is induction of at least 30-fold of beta maj globin transcription after cells are treated with either dime. (shengsci.com)
Genes5
Four gamma-crystallin genes (gamma-A through gamma-D) and three pseudogenes (gamma-E, gamma-F, gamma-G) are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster. (wikipedia.org)
Conversion and compensatory evolution of the gamma-crystallin genes and identification of a cataractogenic mutation that reverses the sequence of the human CRYGD gene to an ancestral state. (umassmed.edu)
The transcription of the beta-globin genes in mouse erythroleukemia cells has been examined by hybridizing labeled RNA obtained from isolated nuclei after chain elongation in the presence of [alpha-32P]UTP. (shengsci.com)
Acidic group2
The CRYBA4 gene being a beta acidic group member is part of a gene cluster with beta-B1, beta-B2, and beta-B3. (prospecbio.com)
Beta-crystallins, the most heterogeneous, differ by the presence of the C-terminal extension (present in the basic group, none in the acidic group). (oftalmic.ru)
CRYBA41
All six exons of crystallin, beta A4 gene ( CRYBA4 ) were amplified by PCR methods and direct sequencing. (molvis.org)
Aggregates1
Beta-crystallins construct aggregates of various sizes and are able to self-associate to form dimers or to form heterodimers with other beta-crystallins. (prospecbio.com)
Motifs1
Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
Lenses2
Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses. (lookformedical.com)
With the help of the SAXS method, we were even able to elucidate the internal structure of crystallins in intact eye lenses for the first time. (anton-paar.com)
Description: A competitive Inhibition ELISA kit for detection of Beta-Endorphin from Cattle in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (operatiebrp.nl)
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat beta Endorphin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (operatiebrp.nl)
Micrograph of a section of the cerebral cortex from a person with Alzheimer's disease , immunostained with an antibody to amyloid beta (brown), a protein fragment that accumulates in amyloid plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy . (wikipedia.org)
[9] However, some proteinaceous lesions lack birefringence and contain few or no classical amyloid fibrils, such as the diffuse deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein in the brains of people with Alzheimer's. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-helices2
In such a structure, there is a core β-barrel consisting of several beta sheets, either all parallel or mixed parallel/antiparallel, surrounded by a cage of alpha helices. (cureffi.org)
In linear sequence, the alpha helices and beta sheets alternate. (cureffi.org)
Induced transcription of the mouse beta-globin transcription unit in erythroleukemia cells. (shengsci.com)
Structure1
Gamma-crystallins are similar in structure to BETA-CRYSTALLINS in that they both form into a Greek key-like structure. (umassmed.edu)
Molecule1
Single-molecule Force Spectroscopy Reveals the Calcium Dependence of the Alternative Conformations in the Native State of a betagamma-Crystallin Protein. (unige.ch)
The tunicate beta/gamma crystallin from Ciona intestinalis, which is known to bind calcium, is also capable of binding a wide variety of other divalent cations, which is highly unusual for a metal-binding protein. (uci.edu)
Stability, homodimerization, and calcium-binding properties of a single, variant betagamma-crystallin domain of the protein absent in melanoma 1 (AIM1). (unige.ch)
Group1
This gene, a beta basic group member, is part of a gene cluster with beta-A4, beta-B1, and beta-B2. (oftalmic.ru)
Major1
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "gamma-Crystallins" by people in this website by year, and whether "gamma-Crystallins" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Parallel1
However, interestingly, in parallel beta barrels, the active site is always at the end that has the C terminus of each beta strand, and there is no obvious reason why this should need to be the case. (cureffi.org)
Specific1
Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
Basic1
Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. (wikipedia.org)
Cell2
Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
Description: This is Competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Cattle Beta-Endorphin (bEP) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (operatiebrp.nl)
People2
Below are the most recent publications written about "gamma-Crystallins" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
Beta 2-microglobulin is present in small amounts in serum, csf, and urine of normal people, and to a much greater degree in the urine and plasma of patients with tubular proteinemia, renal failure, or kidney transplants. (lookformedical.com)