• Like metoprolol, atenolol competes with sympathomimetic neurotransmitters such as catecholamines for binding at beta(1)-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting sympathetic stimulation. (druglib.com)
  • Mechanism of Action In vitro studies and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that albuterol has a preferential effect on beta 2 -adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • While it is recognized that beta 2 -adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, data indicate that there is a population of beta 2 -receptors in the human heart existing in a concentration between 10% and 50% of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Activation of beta 2 -adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle leads to the activation of adenylcyclase and to an increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Nebivolol a novel beta blocker, available under the brand names of Nebil, Nebix and Byvas etc. is more selective for beta1-adrenergic receptors than other drugs in this class and has a unique, not found in other beta-blockers now available to doctors, nitric oxide (NO)-potentiating, vasodilatory effect. (townpharmacy.pk)
  • Beta-blockers act as competitive inhibitors of catecholamines, exerting their effects at both central and peripheral receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Blockade of beta-receptors results in decreased production of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) with a resultant blunting of multiple metabolic and cardiovascular effects of circulating catecholamines. (medscape.com)
  • Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker, demonstrating equal affinity for both beta1- and beta2-receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Although their agonist property is weaker than that of catecholamines, they are capable of stimulating beta-receptors, especially when catecholamine levels are low. (medscape.com)
  • Adrenergic receptors (Alpha & Beta) and their distribution. (amrita.edu)
  • Mechanism of ActionIn vitro studies and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that albuterol has preferential effect on beta 2-adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. (drugcentral.org)
  • Acceptable beta-adrenergic antagonists for use in patients with asthma should ideally minimize antagonism of bronchial (beta2) receptors while providing useful cardiac (beta2) blockade. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • Whether or not this activity is responsible for any relative sparing of beta2-adrenergic receptors, it is suggested that pindolol may be better tolerated in asthma and other obstructive lung diseases than other beta-adrenergic blockers. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • Timoptol works thanks to its main active ingredient, Timolol, like other beta-adrenergic antagonists, Timolol competes with adrenergic neurotransmitters (eg, catecholamines) as a ligand for sympathetic receptors. (pharmacyplanet.com)
  • Like propranolol and nadolol, timolol blocks sympathetic stimulation mediated by beta 1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, and beta-2 receptors in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle. (pharmacyplanet.com)
  • These include the alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and guanfacine, the nonselective beta-adrenergic agent propranolol, and most promising prazosin, which is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist that blocks the actions of NE on alpha-1 receptors(Petrakis, 2016). (duepapers.net)
  • In atropine-treated rats, hexamethonium (antagonist of ganglionic nicotinic receptors) greatly attenuated the BIMP-induced increase in blood pressure without changing the BIMP-induced increase in heart rate. (inra.fr)
  • The alpha and beta adrenoreceptor inhibitors, phentolamine and propranolol, inhibited the initial spike and the sustained phase, respectively, suggesting a contribution of adrenergic receptors. (nih.gov)
  • Drugs that target receptors are classified as agonists or antagonists. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Antagonist drugs block the access or attachment of the body's natural agonists, usually neurotransmitters, to their receptors and thereby prevent or reduce cell responses to natural agonists. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Likewise, beta-adrenergic antagonists (e.g. propranolol (Inderal)) can induce depression and fatigue. (hedweb.com)
  • Propranolol, available under the brand name of Inderal is a non-selective beta adrenergic antagonist is used to treat a variety of conditions, including hypertension, angina, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, migraine, essential tremor, and hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. (townpharmacy.pk)
  • Fass environmental information for Inderal (propranolol) from AstraZeneca (downloaded 2021-10-27). (janusinfo.se)
  • Propranolol, the prototype of the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, is a competitive, nonselective beta-blocker similar to nadolol without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Other nonselective beta-blockers include nadolol, timolol, and pindolol. (medscape.com)
  • Adolescents/adults (mean age=22.54) with (n=13) and without ASD (n=13) attended three sessions in which propranolol, nadolol (beta-adrenergic antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier), or placebo were administered before a semantic fluency task during fMRI. (memoryneurolab.org)
  • Centrally-acting sympatholytic agent/agents (alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonists). (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Although it is similar to metoprolol, atenolol differs from pindolol and propranolol in that it does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic properties or membrane-stabilizing activity. (druglib.com)
  • Some beta-blockers, such as pindolol and acebutolol, also have beta-agonist properties. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment with nebivolol leads to a greater decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure than atenolol, propranolol, or pindolol. (drugbank.com)
  • Pindolol (LB-46), a potent beta-adrenergic blocker, does not have selective betai antagonism and is said to have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • One study using 0.4 mg of pindolol administered intravenously showed that the FEVi was not reduced, whereas 5 mg of propranolol lowered the FEVi in the same subjects. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • Finally, 18 patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias who had propranolol-induced bronchospasm documented by pulmonary spirometric studies, were given pindolol orally and intravenously. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • We found that pindolol, given in a fixed dose of 0.4 mg intravenously, produced betai-adrenergic blockade as measured by reduction in exercise heart rate, although resting heart rates were not significantly different. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • Our decrease in mean maximal exercise heart rate with 0.4 mg of pindolol, 26 beats per minute, is close to the 29 beats per minute determined by Epstein et al in normal subjects given 0.15 mg/kg of propranolol intravenously, suggesting a comparable degree of beta-adrenergic blockade. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • We investigated whether breast cancer patients who used propranolol, or other non-selective beta-blockers, had reduced breast cancer-specific or all-cause mortality in eight European cohorts. (nih.gov)
  • Propranolol and non-selective beta-blocker use was ascertained for each patient. (nih.gov)
  • Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer-specific and all-cause mortality by propranolol and non-selective beta-blocker use. (nih.gov)
  • Similar null associations were observed for non-selective beta-blockers. (nih.gov)
  • In this large pooled analysis of breast cancer patients, use of propranolol or non-selective beta-blockers was not associated with improved survival. (nih.gov)
  • Atenolol, a competitive beta(1)-selective adrenergic antagonist, has the lowest lipid solubility of this drug class. (druglib.com)
  • Timoptol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist. (pharmacyplanet.com)
  • In rats pretreated with the non-selective muscarinic-receptor antagonist atropine, BIMP significantly increased both heart rate and blood pressure. (inra.fr)
  • In rats treated with atropine plus hexamethonium, intravenous phentolamine (non-selective alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist) plus propranolol (non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist) completely blocked the BIMP-induced increases in blood pressure and heart rate. (inra.fr)
  • Beta blockers may exacerbate the rebound hypertension which can follow the withdrawal of clonidine. (druglib.com)
  • If replacing clonidine by beta-blocker therapy, the introduction of beta blockers should be delayed for several days after clonidine administration has stopped. (druglib.com)
  • Concomitant use of prostaglandin synthase inhibiting drugs, eg, indomethacin, may decrease the hypotensive effects of beta blockers. (druglib.com)
  • Data from several studies, ie, TIMI-II, ISIS-2, currently do not suggest any clinical interaction between aspirin and beta blockers in the acute myocardial infarction setting. (druglib.com)
  • While taking beta blockers, patients with a history of anaphylactic reaction to a variety of allergens may have a more severe reaction on repeated challenge, either accidental, diagnostic or therapeutic. (druglib.com)
  • Beta-blockers have been in use for nearly 50 years. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to their traditional role in treating hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders, beta-blockers are also used for additional purposes such as migraine headaches, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, anxiety, and various other disorders. (medscape.com)
  • much of the clinical and overdose experience that exists with beta-blockers was provided by case reports and clinical studies of this drug. (medscape.com)
  • Nonselective beta-blockers exert a wider variety of extracardiac manifestations. (medscape.com)
  • Beta-blockers: May decrease effectiveness of PROAIR HFA and produce severe bronchospasm. (drugcite.com)
  • Patients with asthma should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. (drugcite.com)
  • However, Benson et al presented five asthmatic subjects whose FEVi decreased by more than 20 percent after receiving one or more beta-adrenergic blockers. (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • These effects are blocked by beta-adrenergic receptor blockers. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • β-adrenergic receptor blockers increase AV conduction time and increase AV nodal refractoriness, thereby helping to terminate nodal reentrant arrhythmias. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • If the two drugs are coadministered, the beta blocker should be withdrawn several days before the gradual withdrawal of clonidine. (druglib.com)
  • Propranolol is the most common beta-blocker involved in severe beta-blocker poisoning. (medscape.com)
  • Beta-blocker toxicity in children usually results from exposure to an adult's unattended medications. (medscape.com)
  • Beta-blocker toxicity in adults usually results from a suicide attempt or an accidental overdose of a routine medication. (medscape.com)
  • Understanding the direct and indirect effects of beta-receptor blockade is crucial to rapid identification and appropriate treatment of beta-blocker toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • Another purpose of this study is for researchers to learn how the addition of a beta-blocker (propranolol) to the standard treatment regimen in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma affects immune response and quality of life. (healthtree.org)
  • A study from the Mayo Clinic looked at multiple myeloma patients who were on a beta-blocker while undergoing chemotherapy and found that the use of a beta-blocker resulted in improved patient survival outcomes. (healthtree.org)
  • This medication is a beta-blocker used to treat chest pain (angina), high blood pressure, irregular heartbeats, migraine headaches, tremors, and other conditions as determined by your doctor. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Adverse effects of beta blocker therapy can lead to fatigue, bronchospasm, depression, impotence, and attenuation of hypoglycemic symptoms in diabetic patients and worsening of congestive heart failure. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Higher doses of atenolol also competitively block beta(2)-adrenergic responses in the bronchial and vascular smooth muscles. (druglib.com)
  • Studies in laboratory animals (minipigs, rodents, and dogs) have demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death (with histologic evidence of myocardial necrosis) when beta 2 -agonist and methylxanthines were administered concurrently. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Other than the direct effects of the beta-adrenoreceptor blockade, toxicity may result from other mechanisms, including sodium and calcium channel blockade, centrally mediated cardiac depression, and alteration of cardiac myocyte energy metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Nebivolol is a racemic mixture of 2 enantiomers where one is a beta adrenergic antagonist and the other acts as a cardiac stimulant without beta adrenergic activity. (drugbank.com)
  • As propranolol hydrochloride is an ionisable compound, an ion-corrected log D ow and log K ow was calculated to be 0.68 ± 0.01 or 3.45 ± 0.01, respectively, below the action limit of 4.5. (janusinfo.se)
  • Antiarrhythmic effects are due mainly to beta-adrenergic receptor blockade. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • β-adrenergic receptor blockade can also help reduce ventricular following rates in atrial flutter and fibrillation, again by acting at the AV node. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • I.V. administration is used for rapid beta-receptor blockade in treatment of atrial fibrillation with high ventricular following rates. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Propranolol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking drug, aggravates bronchospasm in asthmatics . (onlineasthmainhalers.com)
  • Preclinical studies have demonstrated that propranolol inhibits several pathways involved in breast cancer progression and metastasis. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonism inhibits both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, which may result in hypoglycemia. (medscape.com)
  • Beta-adrenergic antagonism (e.g., propranolol) has been associated with cognitive/behavioral benefits following stress-induced impairments and for some cognitive/behavioral domains in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (memoryneurolab.org)
  • Thus, the cognitive benefits from beta-adrenergic antagonism may be generally associated with improved information processing in the brain in domain-specific networks, but individuals with ASD may also benefit from additional improvements in domain-general networks. (memoryneurolab.org)
  • To describe the use of propranolol as first-line treatment or as single therapy to control the proliferating phase of infantile haemangioma in Chinese children. (hkmj.org)
  • The mean age for starting propranolol treatment was 7 months, and in all cases a clinical response was observed within 7 days. (hkmj.org)
  • Propranolol was useful as first-line or single-agent treatment of facial infantile haemangioma in Chinese children, and gave rise to minimal side-effects. (hkmj.org)
  • Although recurrence of infantile haemangioma occurred after propranolol was tailed off rapidly after a relatively short duration, an optimal treatment duration and tapering schedule has not yet been defined. (hkmj.org)
  • Symptoms may be improved by treatment with beta-blocking drugs. (medscape.com)
  • Kaplan, Norman M. / Propranolol in the Treatment of Hypertension . (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, at higher sludge concentration (3000 mg/L), comparable to those of most sewage treatment works, propranolol was found to be readily biodegradable at 100 mg/L. Based on this information, propranolol has been assigned the risk phrase: "Propranolol is degraded in the environment. (janusinfo.se)
  • Thus, the combination of propranolol and etodolac, but neither drug alone, significantly and markedly improved survival rates in both tumor models. (brainimmune.com)
  • In this study, the authors report that in mice, blocking beta-adrenoreceptors with propranolol and simultaneously inhibiting PG synthesis with etodolac significantly improves recurrence-free survival rates following 3LL or B16 primary tumor excision. (brainimmune.com)
  • Albuterol acts as a functional antagonist to relax the airway irrespective of the spasmogen involved, thus protecting against all bronchoconstrictor challenges. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • In this preliminary investigation, we examined whether the benefits of propranolol are associated with functional properties in the brain. (memoryneurolab.org)
  • Propranolol also altered network efficiency of regions associated with semantic processing and in an exploratory analysis reduced functional differences in the FPC in individuals with ASD. (memoryneurolab.org)
  • Catecholamine-depleting drugs (eg, reserpine) may have an additive effect when given with beta-blocking agents. (druglib.com)
  • To date, a number of adrenergic agents have been tested for their efficacy in treating PTSD. (duepapers.net)
  • Assessment report for Hemangiol (propranolol), Pierre Fabre Dermatologie, 20 February 2014, EMA/CHMP/8171/2014. (janusinfo.se)
  • Controlled clinical studies and other clinical experience have shown that inhaled albuterol, like other beta-adrenergic agonist drugs, can produce a significant cardiovascular effect in some patients, as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure, symptoms, and/or electrocardiographic changes. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Other short-acting sympathomimetic aerosol bronchodilators and adrenergic drugs: May potentiate effect. (drugcite.com)
  • Agonist and antagonist drugs can be used together in people with asthma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Effect of bethanechol, neostigmine, metoclopramide, and propranolol on myoelectric activity of the ileocecocolic area in cows. (tamu.edu)
  • The effect of bethanechol, neostigmine, metoclopramide, and propranolol on myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, and proximal loop of the ascending colon was determined in 6 healthy Jersey cows implanted with 8 pairs of bipolar electrodes. (tamu.edu)
  • Metoclopramide and propranolol had no significant effect on cecocolic myoelectric activity, relative to NaCl. (tamu.edu)
  • In another study this effect was blocked by the coadministration of propranolol, nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. (drugcentral.org)
  • Propranolol is very well researched in terms of both exposure and effect. (janusinfo.se)
  • Linda Reyna, working under the mentorship of Hassiba Beljould, presented her work on the effect of the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol on saccharin self-administration and motivation. (oliviergeorge.com)
  • neostigmine, metoclopramide, and propranolol on myoelectric activity of the ileocecocolic area in cows. (tamu.edu)
  • the l-isomer is responsible for adrenergic blocking activity. (pharmacycode.com)
  • In these two patients, the propranolol dosage had been tailed down rapidly and the therapy was of a shorter duration than in those without recurrence. (hkmj.org)
  • Nevertheless, patients responded well to second courses of propranolol therapy. (hkmj.org)
  • The remaining seven patients are still taking propranolol and responding satisfactorily. (hkmj.org)