Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP or B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The ubiquitous compound can be found in coal tar, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially grilled meats. (wikipedia.org)
The substance with the formula C20H12 is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene. (wikipedia.org)
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar with the formula C20H12. (wikipedia.org)
The compound is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene, and is the result of incomplete combustion at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The main source of atmospheric BaP is residential wood burning. (wikipedia.org)
There are few examples of algae degrading aromatic compounds [ 5 , 6 ] examined the effects of the chlorophyte alga, Selenstrum capriconutum , on benzo pyrene. (omicsonline.org)
The direct spectrophotometric observation of benzo(a)pyrene phenol formation by liver microsomes. (lookformedical.com)
Optical spectral repetitive scan analysis during the oxidative metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene by liver microsomal suspensions reveals the time-dependent formation of an intermediate(s) of which the visible spectra resemble those of several benzo(a)pyrene phenols. (lookformedical.com)
An epoxide hydrase inhibitor, 1,1,1-trichloropropene-2,3-oxide, enhanced phenol formation regardless of the source of liver microsomes, and 7,8-benzoflavone inhibited control and 3-methylcholanthrene-induced microsomal metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene, 7,8-Benzoflavone did not effect benzo(a)pyrene metabolism by liver microsomes from phenobarbital-pretreated rats. (lookformedical.com)
The effect of inhibitors on the spectrophotometric assay correlates well with the results obtained from benzo(a)pyrene metabolite analysis using high-pressure liquid chromatography. (lookformedical.com)
Differences in benzo(a)pyrene metabolism between rodent liver microsomes and embryonic cells. (lookformedical.com)
Differences in benzo(a)pyrene metabolite pattern have been shown by rodent liver microsomes (Sprague-Dawley) and rodent embryo cells from Syrian hamsters and NIH Swiss mice. (lookformedical.com)
These results are indicative of a region-specific attack on the carcinogen by the cell monooxygenases which is distinct from the liver attack of microsomal enzymes on benzo(a)pyrene. (lookformedical.com)
These results suggest that activation and detoxification of benzo(a)pyrene may be species and tissue variable, and susceptibility and resistence to malignant transformation may be predicted on induction of a fortuitous combination of intermediate metabolic steps. (lookformedical.com)
Formation in isolated rat liver microsomes and nuclei of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites that bind to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
The hepatic nuclear fraction isolated from 3-methylcholanthrene (MC)-treated rats contained enhanced levels of cytochrome P-450 and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase [benzo(a)pyrene (BP) monooxygenase], whereas the activities of epoxide hydrase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c reductase and the concentration of cytochrome b5 were not altered. (lookformedical.com)
Nonenzymatic reduction of benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxides to trihydroxypentahydrobenzo(a)pyrenes by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. (lookformedical.com)
The diol-epoxide r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene is a potent mutagen and possibly the ultimate carcinogenic form of benzo(a)pyrene. (lookformedical.com)
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon commonly found in traffic- related air pollution, tobacco smoke, and grilled foods. (nku.edu)
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the earliest and most significant carcinogen among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has been found in foods, tobacco smoke, and automobiles exhaust, etc. (biomedcentral.com)
Fifteen of 17 extracts contained benzo(a)pyrene (505328). (cdc.gov)
Based on single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface tests, the optimal conditions for decolorization efficiency (97.08%), oryzanol retention (89.62%), sterol retention (90.16%), vitamin E retention (79.91%), and benzo(a)pyrene adsorption percentages (95.98%) were determined to be achieved by using a 5% (w/w) composite decolorant (activated clay:activated carbon=5:1), at a temperature of 116â , with an incubation time of 33 min. (bvsalud.org)
Carcinogens1
Chemical agents and related occupations, Volume 10, A review of Human Carcinogens, IARC Monographs, Lyon France 2009 In June 2016, BaP was added as benzo[def]chrysene to the REACH Candidate List of Substances of very high concern for Authorisation. (wikipedia.org)
Fluoranthene1
In contrast, 5-80% of the total dissolved four- to six-ring PAHs were associated with the DOC rather than being freely dissolved, corresponding to DOC/water partitioning coefficients (K(DOC)) with log K(DOC) values ranging from 4.1 (for fluoranthene) to 5.6 (for benzo[ghi]perylene). (who.int)
Bind1
Melanin can bind to many different compounds, including nicotine and benzopyrene present in the tobacco smoke, and these substances can stimulate melanocytes to produce melanin. (medscape.com)
Effect1
Among the adsorbents tested, activated carbon displayed the highest decolorization efficiency (82.90%) and adsorption effect on 3,4-benzopyrene (BaP, 89.53%) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol ester (41.55%), whereas activated clay had the highest oryzanol retention percentages (85.98%) and affordability. (bvsalud.org)
Found2
In which products is benzopyrene found? (liveliken.com)
Studies have also found that nicotine and tobacco-specific compounds (N -nitrosamines and benzopyrene) may accumulate in melanin-containing human tissues and affect melanogenesis. (medscape.com)
Shown1
Laboratory tests have shown that benzopyrene tests at 0.01 g/kg or "not detected" after this process. (liveliken.com)
Pyrene diol epoxide9
2. Enhanced sensitivity to anti-benzo(a)pyrene-diol-epoxide DNA damage correlates with decreased global genomic repair attributable to abrogated p53 function in human cells. (nih.gov)
3. Nickel (II) enhances benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-induced mutagenesis through inhibition of nucleotide excision repair in human cells: a possible mechanism for nickel (II)-induced carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
4. Arsenite enhances the benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-induced mutagenesis with no marked effect on repair of BPDE-DNA adducts in human lung cells. (nih.gov)
7. Both replication bypass fidelity and repair efficiency influence the yield of mutations per target dose in intact mammalian cells induced by benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene-diol-epoxide. (nih.gov)
10. Formation of lysine 63-linked poly-ubiquitin chains protects human lung cells against benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide-induced mutagenicity. (nih.gov)
11. Sensitivity to DNA damage induced by benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide and risk of lung cancer: a case-control analysis. (nih.gov)
14. Mutagenesis of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide in yeast: requirement for DNA polymerase zeta and involvement of DNA polymerase eta. (nih.gov)
15. Further characterization of benzo[a]pyrene diol-epoxide (BPDE)-induced comet assay effects. (nih.gov)
16. Arsenite and its mono- and dimethylated trivalent metabolites enhance the formation of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-DNA adducts in Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A cells. (nih.gov)
Dibenzo1
9. Differential removal of DNA adducts derived from anti-diol epoxides of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene in human cells. (nih.gov)
Chrysene2
Chemical agents and related occupations, Volume 10, A review of Human Carcinogens, IARC Monographs, Lyon France 2009 In June 2016, BaP was added as benzo[def]chrysene to the REACH Candidate List of Substances of very high concern for Authorisation. (wikipedia.org)
The following carcinogens, or questionable carcinogens, were isolated by Kiryu and Kuratsune (55) in the smoke of cigarettes smoked by human volunteers: benz (a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(e) pyrene, benzo(b) fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene. (nih.gov)
Perylene1
2 Benzo(g,h,i)perylene was not tested for carcinogenicity until 1966 and then was found to be inactive (44). (nih.gov)
BPDE1
5. Inhibition of benzopyrene-diol-epoxide (BPDE)-induced bax and caspase-9 by cadmium: role of mitogen activated protein kinase. (nih.gov)
Benzene2
The substance with the formula C20H12 is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene. (wikipedia.org)
The compound is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene, and is the result of incomplete combustion at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The main source of atmospheric BaP is residential wood burning. (wikipedia.org)
Cadmium1
1. Effects of cadmium(II) on (+/-)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide-induced DNA damage response in human fibroblasts and DNA repair: a possible mechanism of cadmium's cogenotoxicity. (nih.gov)
Adducts1
Methods: In a longitudinal cohort study of nonsmoking women in New York City, we measured PAH exposure during pregnancy using personal air monitors, assessed PAH internal dose using prenatal urinary metabolites (in a subset), and quantified benzo[ a ]pyrene-DNA adducts and genomic DNA methylation in cord blood DNA among 164 participants. (nih.gov)
Methylation1
Benzo[a]pyrene reduced promoter methylation and increased gene expression of the same gene in Jurkat and normal prostate epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
Exposure2
Urinary benzo[a]pyrene and its metabolites as molecular biomarkers of asphalt fume exposure characterized by microflow LC coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
As a step to study the health effects of asphalt fume exposure, an analytical method was developed to characterize benzo[a]pyrene and its hydroxy metabolites in the urine of asphalt fume-exposed rats. (cdc.gov)
Sensitivity1
2. The two P-448 forms had similar spectral properties, substrate specificity, sensitivity to inhibitors and regioselectivity in the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene and testosterone. (nih.gov)
Compounds2
Studies have also found that nicotine and tobacco-specific compounds (N -nitrosamines and benzopyrene) may accumulate in melanin-containing human tissues and affect melanogenesis. (medscape.com)
Melanin can bind to many different compounds, including nicotine and benzopyrene present in the tobacco smoke, and these substances can stimulate melanocytes to produce melanin. (medscape.com)
Polycyclic2
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP or B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The ubiquitous compound can be found in coal tar, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially grilled meats. (wikipedia.org)
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar with the formula C20H12. (wikipedia.org)
Gene expression1
8. Identification through microarray gene expression analysis of cellular responses to benzo(a)pyrene and its diol-epoxide that are dependent or independent of p53. (nih.gov)
Human2
Jurkat and human normal prostate epithelial cells were treated with benzo[a]pyrene to ascertain the epigenetic effects of this type of agent. (cdc.gov)
12. Differential protection against benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells stably transfected with allelic variants of pi class human glutathione S-transferase. (nih.gov)
Presence1
A drug-metabolizing, cytochrome P-448 (P-450) enzyme which catalyzes the hydroxylation of benzopyrene to 3-hydroxybenzopyrene in the presence of reduced flavoprotein and molecular oxygen. (bvsalud.org)