Benefits from circumcision. Medical search. Frequent questions

Findings add evidence to support the American Academy of Pediatrics' infant circumcision policy. (renalandurologynews.com)
Both the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have issued policy statements claiming the benefits of circumcision outweigh the risks.There's evidence that circumcision lowers a man's risk for HIV, urinary tract infections in infancy, sexually transmitted infections, and cancer of the penis. (ro.co)
The American Academy of Pediatrics says the health benefits of circumcision outweigh the risks of the surgery. (stlukesonline.org)
The new policy regarding infant circumcision from the American Academy of Pediatrics needs a second look. (creativitypost.com)
For the first time in over a decade, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has revised its policy position on infant male circumcision. (creativitypost.com)
In 2012, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) reported that circumcision has potential medical benefits and advantages, as well as risks. (webmd.com)
They say the pediatric society's stance should be revised so that it's more in line with the American Academy of Pediatrics, whose latest policy concludes that the scientific research shows clearer health benefits to the procedure than had previously been believed, including a lower risk of acquiring HIV, genital herpes, the human papilloma virus (HPV) and syphilis. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Pollock noted, "The most important change recently in how the medical community has come to view circumcision is expressed in the … consensus statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics released in late 2012 declaring that 'the medical benefits of infant circumcision outweigh the risks. (jewishindependent.ca)
In 1999, a report by the American Academy of Pediatrics found no medical reasons "sufficient enough to recommend routine neonatal circumcision. (jewishcircumcision.org)
Clinical direction on infant male circumcision is more appropriately in the purview of expert clinical groups such as the Canadian Pediatric Society and the American Academy of Pediatrics. (arclaw.org)

circumcision , the operation of cutting away all or part of the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis . (britannica.com)
The foreskin consists of a double layer of skin that, without circumcision, more or less completely covers the glans penis. (britannica.com)
Circumcision is a surgical procedure to remove the skin covering the end of the penis, called the foreskin. (childrenshospital.org)
Circumcision should be delayed if the opening of the urethra is not at the tip of the penis, the penis is notably curved, or the penis is relatively small. (childrenshospital.org)
A new study suggests that circumcision drastically alters the microbiome of the penis. (renalandurologynews.com)
Circumcision: Should I Keep My Son's Penis Natural? (stlukesonline.org)
Keep in mind that your son may have his own feelings about circumcision and can decide later in life if he wants a circumcised penis. (stlukesonline.org)
Male circumcision is a surgery to remove the foreskin, the natural covering of the penis. (stlukesonline.org)
Circumcision may not be safe if your baby is sick or weak, has a problem with his penis, or has a family history of bleeding problems. (stlukesonline.org)
The penis will usually look better about 7 to 10 days after circumcision. (stlukesonline.org)
Circumcision might not be an option if certain blood-clotting disorders exist or if the baby is born with physical abnormalities of the penis. (urologyhealth.org)
During a circumcision, the penis and foreskin are cleaned and the foreskin is removed. (urologyhealth.org)
After circumcision, caring for the penis is simple but important. (urologyhealth.org)
Circumcision is the amputation of the prepuce from the rest of the penis, resulting in permanent alteration of the anatomy histology and function of the penis [ 1,2 ]. (cirp.org)
Aside from being in the top few things men prefer not to think too much about, circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, the tissue that covers the head (or glans) of the penis . (ro.co)
Circumcision is a surgery to remove the foreskin, a fold of skin that covers and protects the rounded tip of the penis. (stlukesonline.org)
A sterile circumcision clamp or device is placed over the head of the penis. (stlukesonline.org)
After circumcision, your baby's penis may look red and swollen. (stlukesonline.org)
By contrast, male circumcision removes up to half of the skin system of the penis , eliminates the motile and protective functions of the foreskin, cannot be tolerated without anesthesia, and is irreversible: anyone who resents having had his foreskin removed can never get it back. (creativitypost.com)
Rather, it is precisely the level of harm involved, the degree of functional diminishment, the irreversibility, the impossibility of attaining any input from the person whose body (indeed whose penis) is to be permanently surgically altered, and so on, that mark out infant male circumcision as a specially problematic practice. (creativitypost.com)
Circumcision is a traditional practise where the foreskin of a penis is removed. (jpost.com)
Male circumcision reduces the abundance of bacteria living on the penis and might help explain why circumcision offers men some protection against HIV, according to a study led by the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen). (news-medical.net)
We think that these dramatic changes in the penis microbiome may explain, at least in part, why male circumcision is protective, ' said Dr. Price, who is also a Professor of Environmental and Occupational Health in the School of Public Health and Health Services at the George Washington University. (news-medical.net)
Male circumcision may also make it easier to keep the end of the penis clean, although studies have shown that good hygiene can help prevent certain problems with an uncircumcised penis, including infections and swelling. (webmd.com)
The Canadian Paediatric Society has long held that circumcision's risks - including pain to a small baby, bleeding, infection, an "unsatisfactory cosmetic result," and, in rare cases, partial amputation of the penis and death from hemorrhage or sepsis - outweigh its benefits. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, the skin covering the tip of the penis. (zurology.com)
Experts believe cells on the inside of the foreskin, the part of the penis cut off in circumcision, are particularly susceptible to HIV infection. (sott.net)
To say that circumcision is equivalent to female genital mutilation is really saying that it is the same as cutting off the penis! (circinfo.net)
Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is less common in circumcised men, but this is a rare cancer with or without circumcision. (medicinenet.com)
Day 7 post circumcision- is it normal for minor bleeding 2 occur through thick black scab on underside of penis? (healthtap.com)
Male circumcision is defined as the partial or total surgical removal of the foreskin (also called prepuce ), which is specialized tissue that covers the head (or glans ) of the penis. (evidencebasedbirth.com)

All authors except Ziegler JB are members of the Circumcision Academy of Australia, a medical body formed to provide accurate, evidence-based information on male circumcision to parents, practitioners and others, as well as contact details of doctors who perform the procedure. (wjgnet.com)
In the United States, newborn circumcision is an elective procedure. (childrenshospital.org)
Delaying circumcision procedure also linked with higher costs. (renalandurologynews.com)
Do you believe neonatal male circumcision is a medically justified procedure? (renalandurologynews.com)
The issue of neonatal male circumcision has long been controversial, with physicians continuing to debate the risks and benefits of the procedure. (renalandurologynews.com)
Circumcision is a surgical procedure to remove the foreskin. (urologyhealth.org)
It isn't a medically necessary procedure but it does have the potential to provide some medical benefits. (trivalleypediatrics.com)
Circumcision later in life is a more involved procedure that usually requires the need for general anesthesia along with longer healing and other considerations. (trivalleypediatrics.com)
The fold of skin ( foreskin ) covering the glans is removed during the circumcision procedure to a point near the coronal sulcus. (cirp.org)
In circumstances in which there are potential benefits and risks, yet the procedure is not essential to the child's current well-being, parents should determine what is in the best interest of the child. (cirp.org)
The many health benefits of infant circumcision certainly encourage parents to choose this procedure for their child. (gentleproceduresmelbourne.com.au)
Just like Genital Reconstruction in Vizag , circumcision is also a procedure that can happen in the transgender clinic within ten days after childbirth. (vjtransgenderclinics.com)
Circumcisions performed for religious reasons are sometimes done by others trained in the procedure. (stlukesonline.org)
The most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world - male circumcision - is done for therapeutic, prophylactic, religious, cultural and social reasons. (cmaj.ca)
1 On the other hand, opponents comment on the complication rate of 1.5% 1 , 2 and only modest benefits, while noting that it is a painful procedure for neonates with possible long-lasting effects such as lowering the threshold for pain, 2 and that it is based on tradition not evidence. (cmaj.ca)
2 , 4 Indeed it's curious that a painful elective procedure of no major benefit to the infant until years later would ever be deemed more acceptable than the same procedure for a peripubertal boy. (cmaj.ca)
By contrast, some opponents, particularly of routine neonatal circumcision, question its preventive efficacy and object to subjecting non-consenting newborn males to a procedure that is potentially harmful, in their view, with little to no benefit, as well as violating their human rights and possibly negatively impacting their sex life. (wikipedia.org)
They now say that the probabilistic health benefits conferred by the procedure outweigh the known risks and harms. (creativitypost.com)
Although the Americans said the health benefits aren't great enough to recommend routine circumcision, "the benefits are sufficient to justify access to this procedure for families choosing it" and that insurers should pay for it. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
When added up, "we found that up to 65 per cent of uncircumcised males might experience at least one of these (medical conditions) over their lifetime," according to the authors, who conducted a new risk-benefit analysis of the controversial procedure and conclude the benefits exceed risks by about 100 to one. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
The benefits of newborn and infant circumcision are many, but the rates of the procedure vary from region to region, and remain contentious to those opposed to what's seen as elective (non-consenting) surgeries for babies. (jewishindependent.ca)
With modern medicine, circumcision is generally a safe procedure. (zurology.com)
It is up to each individual country to decide how to improve their male circumcision access, the U.N. agencies said, estimating the procedure would cost $50 to $100 per person. (sott.net)
Routine neonatal circumcision is a fairly common surgical procedure that may be carried out for medical or religious reasons. (cochrane.org)
Circumcision is a relatively simple procedure and is associated with minimal complications when carried out in neonates rather than in later life. (cochrane.org)
Neonatal circumcision is a fairly common surgical procedure that may be carried out for medical reasons, one of them being prevention of urinary tract infections (UTI) in male infants. (cochrane.org)
If the procedure is the only procedure performed at that time, a benefit of $134.85 may be claimed. (albertadoctors.org)
If another procedure is also performed at the same encounter and the listed benefit payable in respect of it under the Schedule is greater than $134.85 the physician is entitled to receive that listed benefit plus a percentage of the listed benefit for the lesser procedure(s) calculated in accordance with this Schedule. (albertadoctors.org)
If multiple procedures are performed at the same encounter and only one of them appears under GR 6.8.4 (e), the physician is entitled to receive a benefit of $134.85 in respect of that procedure plus a benefit in respect of the other procedures that is a percentage of the listed benefit and calculated in accordance with this schedule. (albertadoctors.org)
The guideline outlines the ethical, legal, and human rights problems associated with infant male circumcision, but unlike the licensing authority in Saskatchewan, the B.C. college stops short of advising physicians not to perform the procedure. (arclaw.org)
In the U.S., the overall rate of newborn circumcision is on the decline, but circumcision is still the most frequent procedure performed on children during hospital stays-more than 10 times as common as any other pediatric surgical procedure, and the only surgical procedure that is regularly performed without any urgent medical need on healthy infants (Witt et al. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
2014). Circumcision is so familiar and routine in U.S. culture that many parents and care providers scarcely even think of it as a surgical procedure, viewing it instead as one of several relatively minor newborn medical procedures performed at the hospital before discharge. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
This view holds that the prepuce has negligible value (the tissue wouldn't be missed) and circumcision is a simple procedure ("a little snip") that may even reduce the risk of the child acquiring and spreading certain diseases later in life. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
The WHO Prequalification of Male Circumcision Devices Programme undertakes a comprehensive assessment of the submitted products through a standardized procedure which is based on WHO prequalification requirements. (who.int)

However, in the case of HIV, it is more likely that male circumcision can benefit women by reducing the prevalence of HIV in men who have been circumcised. (aidsmap.com)
Dr. Smith cautioned that the value of circumcision might be highly dependent on the prevalence of disease in the population. (medscape.com)
As an example, the prevalence of prostate cancer and STIs is similar in the United States, where circumcision is common, and Western Europe, where it is not. (medscape.com)
The prevalence of circumcision in the United States increased from about 30% in the 1930s to nearly 80% by the early 1970s. (cirp.org)
Religion often plays a role in the prevalence of male circumcision around the world. (gentleproceduresmelbourne.com.au)
At the same time, understanding the mechanisms that underlie the benefits of male circumcision could help to identify new intervention strategies for decreasing HIV transmission, especially for populations with high HIV prevalence and in places where male circumcision is culturally less acceptable, the study says. (news-medical.net)
However, women do benefit indirectly from reduced HIV prevalence in circumcised male sexual partners as male circumcision programmes scale up. (unaids.org)
Effect of male circumcision on the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in young men: results of a randomized controlled trial conducted in Orange Farm, South Africa. (medscape.com)
Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) has been recognized by the World Health Organization and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS as an effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevention intervention in settings with a generalized HIV epidemic and low male circumcision prevalence. (cdc.gov)
Substantial progress toward achieving VMMC targets has been made in the 10 years since the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNAIDS recommended scale-up of VMMC for HIV prevention in 14 Southern and Eastern African countries with generalized HIV epidemics and low male circumcision prevalence ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
As yet, there is no vaccine against village (HCV prevalence 8.7%) risk factors the virus, and current multi-drug treatment for HCV infection included injections and to eliminate the virus is inefficient, costly circumcisions provided by informal health and has serious side-effects. (who.int)
Since 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) have recommended voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as an important strategy for the prevention of heterosexually acquired HIV in men in settings where the prevalence of heterosexually trans. (bvsalud.org)

Routine circumcision of a newborn baby boy takes about 5 to 10 minutes. (urologyhealth.org)
Recent policy statements issued by professional societies representing Australian , Canadian , and American pediatricians do not recommend routine circumcision of male newborns. (cirp.org)
however, these data are not sufficient to recommend routine neonatal circumcision. (cirp.org)
But neither agency recommends routine circumcision. (ro.co)
For more than a decade, the American, Canadian and Australian pediatric specialists organizations have not recommended routine infant circumcision, noting that the existing evidence was insufficient to support it. (cmaj.ca)
The question now is whether the findings from the randomized trials of adult male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa that show circumcision halves the risk of acquiring HIV and decreases risk for HSV-2, and high-risk HPV in heterosexual African adult men 3 push these organizations to change their positions on routine infant circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
The Paediatrics & Child Health Division of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians was the first back with its review (September 2010) and said no to routine male infant circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
Thus the important question for these pediatric societies is not about a change in infant circumcision recommendations, but rather the need to address whether there would be merit in routine peripubertal male circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
Extrapolating from Australia's decision, the African adult HIV circumcision prevention data are unlikely to lead to a major change in the negative position on routine infant circumcision held by both the Canadian or American specialty organizations. (cmaj.ca)
The existing scientific evidence is not sufficient to recommend routine circumcision. (webmd.com)
However, while circumcision may benefit boys in "high-risk populations," the society still does not recommend the routine circumcision of every newborn male, arguing the risk-benefit ratio is too "closely balanced" to make "definitive recommendations for the entire male newborn population in Canada. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
We did not find any trials to support or refute the effectiveness of routine neonatal circumcision to prevent UTI in infancy. (cochrane.org)
Although limited data from previous studies have shown that this intervention might be beneficial, questions regarding the safety and effectiveness of routine neonatal circumcision for the prevention of UTIs in infancy remain unanswered. (cochrane.org)
We were unable to identify any randomised controlled trials on the use of routine neonatal circumcision for prevention of UTI in male infants. (cochrane.org)
Evidence is needed to inform the benefits or harm for the routine use of this intervention. (cochrane.org)
To assess the effectiveness and safety of routine neonatal circumcision for the prevention of UTIs in infancy. (cochrane.org)
Jagannath VA, Fedorowicz Z, Sud V, Verma AKumar, Hajebrahimi S. Routine neonatal circumcision for the prevention of urinary tract infections in infancy. (cochrane.org)
Many believe that routine circumcision is a bad idea. (medicinenet.com)
Routine infant male circumcision performed on a healthy infant is now considered a non-therapeutic and medically unnecessary intervention. (arclaw.org)
Those in favor of routine circumcision generally believe it should be kept available as a parental choice in light of possible health benefits. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
In this article, we explore the research evidence as well as the ethical debate around routine circumcisions performed on healthy newborn males. (evidencebasedbirth.com)

The most common complication is that not enough foreskin is removed, leading parents to request an operative circumcision revision. (childrenshospital.org)
Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin. (epnet.com)
In Classical and Hellenistic civilization, Ancient Greeks and Romans posed great value on the beauty of nature, physical integrity, aesthetics, harmonious bodies and nudity, including the foreskin (see also Ancient Greek art), and were opposed to circumcision, an opposition inherited by the canon and secular legal systems of the Christian West and East that lasted at least through to the Middle Ages, according to Frederick Hodges. (wikipedia.org)
The Canadian Paediatric Society's position that the benefits of removing a baby's foreskin do not outweigh the risks is based on "sloppy scholarship" and inflated harms, argue the authors of a new review recommending circumcision for all newborn boys. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Morris said his team's analysis estimates the combined frequency of adverse events is 0.4 per cent, overall, and that "the cumulative frequency of medical conditions attributable to (having an intact foreskin) was approximately 100-fold higher" than the cumulative risks of circumcision. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Circumcision, he added, "works to reduce AIDS by removing the portal of entry of the virus, which is the foreskin. (jewishindependent.ca)
It has been suggested that anti-circumcision groups should really be regarded as a cult devoted to worship of the foreskin - the parallels are obvious to any observer. (circinfo.net)

The protection offered by circumcision against UTIs in infancy has been well documented and emphasized in the most recent recommendations. (renalandurologynews.com)
Health benefits of circumcision include being less likely to get urinary tract infections (UTIs) or sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (stlukesonline.org)
Circumcision also lowers the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in the first year of life. (urologyhealth.org)
One of the most compelling medical benefits of circumcision is its link to reduced rates of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in infants. (zurology.com)

Declining rates of U.S. infant male circumcision could add billions to health care costs in the coming years. (renalandurologynews.com)
Families that desire a circumcision performed for their infant son are generally best served by dedicated circumcision clinics like Gentle Procedures in order to get fast and convenient access to services. (gentleproceduresmelbourne.com.au)
Discussions of male infant circumcision for health reasons are always split. (cmaj.ca)
There is no new evidence that infant circumcision provides any added benefit to the neonate, infant or young child with respect to HIV and HPV protection. (cmaj.ca)
The evidence for risks and benefits of circumcision in this age group has not been assessed in the same rigorous manner as those for infant circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
But infant circumcision also causes pain and discomfort. (cmaj.ca)
The second, stronger way, is to point out that the two practices - ear-piercing and infant male circumcision - are not remotely commensurate, neither in terms of the interventions themselves nor their effects. (creativitypost.com)
As a leading expert in circumcision, he has traveled around the world to train physicians and, this summer, he will head to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, to teach a team of doctors in medical newborn and infant circumcision. (jewishindependent.ca)
After carrying out 50,000 infant circumcisions and traveling recently to Turkey, China and Africa to exchange ideas, I have evolved my technique to make it applicable to infants, children, teenagers and adults," Pollock told the Independent in a recent interview. (jewishindependent.ca)
Pollock said he was asked by his colleague "to teach my surgical techniques for circumcision in Rwanda, where they were using scissors and stitches, without anesthetic, and their surgeons desperately required training in an alternative quick, safe and painless infant circumcision technique that would be accepted by their population. (jewishindependent.ca)
Dr Schoen also noted that when he was the Chairman of the AAP Task Force on infant male circumcision was bombarded with inaccurate and misleading communications from these groups. (circinfo.net)
The Association for Genital Integrity advises that on June 3, 2004, the College of Physicians & Surgeons of British Columbia, B.C.'s medical licensing authority, issued a policy on infant male circumcision. (arclaw.org)
for example, Brian Morris, Professor Emeritus at The University of Sydney, Australia, advocates that infant circumcision should be "made compulsory" (Morris, 2009). (evidencebasedbirth.com)
They argue that circumcision is a traumatic experience for the infant, as well as a violation of the child's right to bodily integrity (removing significant tissue from an intact sexual organ without consent). (evidencebasedbirth.com)

Many of the preventive interventions that we routinely recommend for our patients have some degree of risk, but we recommend them when scientific evidence clearly demonstrates that the benefits outweigh the risks. (samj.org.za)
We recommend immunisations for children, in spite of the small risk of adverse events, because the benefits far outweigh the risks - this despite the facts that many children will never be exposed to the agent in question, and that some children will become infected despite vaccination. (samj.org.za)
current evidence indicates that previously-thought prophylactic public health benefits do not outweigh the potential risks. (arclaw.org)

In 2014, CDC released information for providers to share with male patients and parents of patients about voluntary medically performed male circumcision for the prevention of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and other health outcomes in the U.S. These documents are designed to assist clinicians in providing accurate information to help males and parents make informed decisions about circumcision. (cdc.gov)
Those patients who choose to be circumcised should be offered medically performed circumcision services and information on HIV prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently reviewed current trends of newborn circumcision in the U.S., and the national rate was approximately 60 percent . (childrenshospital.org)
Although the hypothesis and findings of this study are interesting, it is too early to make recommendations about circumcision for prostate cancer prevention," said Siobhan Sutcliffe, PhD, assistant professor in the division of public health sciences at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, who was approached for independent comment. (medscape.com)
WHO guideline on use of devices for adult male circumcision for HIV prevention can be found at WHO 2013 Oct PDF. (epnet.com)
For example HPV vaccine for males in this age group might be a better strategy for prevention of HPV than circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
Klausner, a professor of medicine in the division of infectious diseases and the program in global health at UCLA, is an advocate in the use of medical male circumcision for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. (jewishindependent.ca)
These recommendations represent a significant step forward in HIV prevention," said Kevin de Cock, the WHO's director for HIV/AIDS programmes, pointing to big potential gains in places where male circumcision is rarely practised. (sott.net)
Male circumcision does not replace other prevention measures. (unaids.org)
Male circumcision for the prevention of HSV-2 and HPV infections and syphilis. (medscape.com)

Some parents choose circumcision based on religious or cultural reasons. (stlukesonline.org)
Families might choose circumcision to ensure their child fits societal expectations or feels a sense of belonging. (zurology.com)

The information states that the health benefits and risks of voluntary neonatal, adolescent, or adult medically performed male circumcision should be considered in consultation with health care providers. (cdc.gov)
Its director John Geisheker considers circumcision at any age to be medically unnecessary and cruel. (cirp.org)
Circumcision was implemented medically at a time when industrialization and urbanization were encouraging immigration. (thesocietypages.org)
They expressed concern that talking about circumcision as a health-related decision for parents normalizes an unethical practice and ignores the right of children to avoid medically unnecessary surgery on a private part of their body, regardless of parental preference. (evidencebasedbirth.com)

They've got to really step back and look at the hard scientific evidence, and the scientific evidence is unequivocal in showing that male circumcision, especially performed in infancy, has enormous benefits," said Morris, whose co-authors include B.C.'s Dr. Neil Pollock, creator of the Pollock Technique™, which promises parents "virtually painless," 60-second circumcisions for $445, for babies aged two months and younger. (gentleprocedures.com.au)

In addition, they note that there is research suggesting that circumcised men have a lower risk for STIs, and randomized trials conducted in Africa have shown that circumcision reduces the risk for HIV. (medscape.com)
Past studies have shown that circumcision reduces female-to-male HIV transmission, among other benefits. (news-medical.net)

Almost a decade ago, a meta-analysis found no evidence to suggest that circumcision directly reduced the risk of women acquiring HIV. (aidsmap.com)
The NHS also reported that there is evidence to suggest that circumcision can lower the risk of contracting HIV. (jpost.com)

Moreover, circumcision also lowers the risk of cervical cancer in female partners, as it reduces the risk of HPV transmission. (zurology.com)

Families should make an effort to have their child's circumcision performed as early as possible since newborns feel less pain, heal faster, and have a lesser chance of complications. (gentleproceduresmelbourne.com.au)
A study by others found that of the 11,000 circumcisions performed at New York's Sloane Hospital in 1989, only 6 led to complications, none of which were fatal [Russell, 1993]. (britpro.com)
It was concluded that 6 urinary tract infections could be prevented for every circumcision complication, and 2 complications can be expected for every penile cancer prevented [Christakis et al. (britpro.com)
benefits may be claimed as applicable for complications occurring during or following post-operative time periods. (albertadoctors.org)
The practice has many potential complications and no health benefits. (msdmanuals.com)
Criteria for selection of appropriate candidates for bar-iatric surgery have been established to minimize surgical complications and to maximize the benefit of these important and limited procedures. (bvsalud.org)

Health care providers should inform all uncircumcised adolescent and adult males that male circumcision reduces, but does not eliminate, the chance of acquiring HIV and other STIs during heterosexual contact. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, circumcision reduces the risk of transmission of other STIs like herpes and HPV. (zurology.com)

Most newborns are held still or placed into a circumcision brace. (childrenshospital.org)
Circumcision is not just done in newborns. (stlukesonline.org)
Keep in mind that circumcision isn't just done in newborns. (stlukesonline.org)

and that the AMA disseminate information to assist physicians in providing medical knowledge about non-therapeutic neonatal male circumcision to parents. (cirp.org)

Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces the risk for heterosexually acquired HIV infection among males by approximately 60% ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Voluntary male medical circumcision. (samj.org.za)

There's a lot of hysterical nonsense by the anti-circumcision movement that is really like the anti-vaccination movement, and it's appalling when a body like the Canadian Paediatric Society can fall for this nonsense," said lead author Brian Morris, a professor emeritus in the University of Sydney's school of medical sciences. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Now, bolstered by the Internet, the anti-circumcision movement is gaining converts within Judaism and forcing rabbis to answer tough questions. (jewishcircumcision.org)

Antiochus' decree also outlawed Jewish circumcision, and parents who violated his order were hanged along with their infants. (wikipedia.org)
Very similar to the study by Wiswell above, it was found that of 354,297 infants born in Washington State from 1987-96, only 0.20% had a complication arising from their circumcision, i.e., 1 in every 476 circumcisions [Christakis et al. (britpro.com)
Some argue that since infants can't give consent, circumcision should be postponed until the individual can make the choice. (zurology.com)

Pink then asked security to escort the protester out, "He came here tonight to talk about circumcision… Get it out, you need to get that out of here. (jpost.com)

The origin of the practice is unknown, although the widespread distribution of circumcision as a ritual suggests great antiquity. (britannica.com)
Circumcision is generally viewed by anthropologists as a practice through which various aspects of social identity are inscribed upon the human body , such as gender , purity , or social or sexual maturity. (britannica.com)
Among most other peoples who practice it ritually, circumcision is performed at puberty as a passage rite . (britannica.com)
While earlier this year President Yoweri Museveni condemned the practice, his government has been slow to pass a total ban on female circumcision, partly because his party needs the votes of those who largely support the practice. (ipsnews.net)
The strength of the voters is especially evident in communities where female circumcision is a wide-spread practice. (ipsnews.net)
Museveni and his party members have had the wider support of voters from Kapchorwa and Bukwo districts partly because he has not interfered with their culture - especially the practice of female circumcision. (ipsnews.net)
Providers should inform uncircumcised gay and bisexual males that data from several observational studies indicate that male circumcision provides partial protection from HIV acquisition for gay and bisexual males who practice mainly or exclusively insertive anal sex (top). (cdc.gov)
At Circumcision Pro, in keeping with the advice of the American Academy of Paediatricians, we do not advocate the practice of male circumcisions on the basis of the above health benefits alone. (circumcisionpro.co.uk)
Early in his career, he decided to create a special focus on circumcision and vasectomy, and built a highly focused practice and a well-tested - and respected - technique. (jewishindependent.ca)
As a medical practice, circumcision was part of a medical movement against masturbation . (thesocietypages.org)
The practice of circumcision has ancient origins, and continues today around the world for various religious and cultural reasons. (evidencebasedbirth.com)

South African women whose most recent sexual partner was circumcised are less likely to have HIV, suggesting that the voluntary medical male circumcision programmes have benefits for women too, according to a study presented to the 9th International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017) in Paris yesterday. (aidsmap.com)
only 10% of men had had a traditional (rather than a medical) circumcision. (aidsmap.com)
Parents should be informed of the medical benefits - including a lower chance of getting HIV - and the risks of male circumcision and should make decisions in consultation with a health care provider. (cdc.gov)
The most common benefits associated with circumcision include lowering the risk of certain sexually transmitted diseases, some medical conditions, and improved hygiene. (trivalleypediatrics.com)
The prominent medical reasons for a circumcision involving older children and adults can include conditions such as balanitis, balanoposthitis, paraphimosis, and phimosis. (trivalleypediatrics.com)
Geisheker says like all procedures, circumcision comes with medical risks. (cirp.org)
Published studies from the years 1966 to July 1999 were identified through MEDLINE and Lexis/Nexis Medical Library searches of English-language articles using the key words "circumcision," "male," "adverse effects," and "pain control. (cirp.org)
Your doctor may not do circumcision if your baby has a medical condition that makes problems from the surgery more likely. (stlukesonline.org)
Overall, electing a circumcision for non-medical reasons is somewhat discouraged by doctors, but it's entirely up to the parent. (kiindred.co)
Male circumcision has been a subject of controversy for a number of reasons including religious, ethical, sexual, and medical. (wikipedia.org)
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in a rapidly changing medical and surgical world, circumcision rose in popularity as a means of prophylaxis in the Anglosphere. (wikipedia.org)
On a global scale, medical authorities remain skeptical about whether circumcision of male minors confers any - let alone significant - net health benefits. (creativitypost.com)
Circumcision in newborn boys for medical or health reasons is an issue that continues to be debated. (webmd.com)
As with most medical procedures, there are risks associated with circumcision. (webmd.com)
There are no deaths today from medical circumcisions in developed countries. (britpro.com)
My interest in developing a safe, quick and painless approach to circumcision for the medical community in B.C. arose initially from some of the rabbis approaching me approximately 20 years ago and encouraging me to become a mohel in Vancouver," Pollock said. (jewishindependent.ca)
In this article, we'll explore the medical, hygienic, and societal benefits of circumcision, helping you make an informed decision for your family in Florida. (zurology.com)
Scientists and doctors aren't settled on the benefits or risk of the surgery and it is so politicized that it's hard to parse fact from fiction, objective truth from medical mythmaking. (thesocietypages.org)
That leaves parents, even those who question the medical necessity of circumcision, reluctant to drop the ritual, known in Hebrew as "Berit Mila. (jewishcircumcision.org)
While several studies have confirmed that male circumcision performed by well-trained medical professionals reduces the risk of men acquiring HIV through female-to-male transmission by approximately 60%, a major concern raised in discussions around male circumcision, is that it does not directly protect women from HIV. (unaids.org)
All medical interventions have elements of risk and benefit. (samj.org.za)
They have become increasingly desperate and outrageous as the medical literature has documented the benefits of circumcision. (circinfo.net)
There is no clear answer as to whether it is better to not be circumcised as circumcision has medical, ethical, and cultural concerns. (medicinenet.com)
Seen only from a medical point of view, circumcision appears beneficial. (medicinenet.com)
So why are we discussing the ethics along with the medical evidence on circumcision? (evidencebasedbirth.com)

5,6 Ritual circumcision is common in the Jewish and Islamic faiths, but uncommon altogether in Asia, South and Central America, and most of Europe. (cirp.org)
Circumcision is an ancient religious ritual, particularly among Jewish and Islamic communities. (ro.co)
The Jewish and Islamic traditions both see circumcision as a way to distinguish a group from its neighbours. (wikipedia.org)

Proponents suggest there are significant potential health benefits including a decreased risk for some sexually transmitted infections, a decrease in HPV-related penile cancer and reduced phimosis, paraphimosis. (cmaj.ca)
The potential benefit from circumcision only begins to accrue when the male becomes sexually active. (cmaj.ca)
They said that countries with high rates of heterosexual HIV should urgently improve access to male circumcision, giving priority to sexually active young men, while continuing to promote condom use and encourage regular testing. (sott.net)

In many cultures, circumcision is a religious rite or a ceremonial tradition. (childrenshospital.org)
Other religions, such as Catholicism and Protestantism, do not endorse newborn male circumcision as a religious rite but don't discourage it as a matter of personal preferences). (ro.co)
Circumcision is considered a religious rite in some faiths, including Judaism and Islam. (ro.co)
In the Jewish and Muslim communities, circumcision is a rite of passage, which influences families to make this choice for their child. (gentleproceduresmelbourne.com.au)
Overall, the rite of circumcision was especially execrable in Classical civilization, also because it was the custom to spend an hour a day or so exercising nude in the gymnasium and in Roman baths, therefore Jewish men did not want to be seen in public deprived of their foreskins. (wikipedia.org)
Many religions and cultures view circumcision as an essential rite of passage. (zurology.com)

In many cultures , circumcision is also regarded as being of profound religious significance. (britannica.com)
Personal decisions about circumcision are influenced by information on the preventive health benefits, safety, and risk factors of the procedures as well as ethical, religious, cultural, familial, and economic considerations. (cdc.gov)
However, the health benefits of circumcision do serve as a bonus to those who are keen to have their sons circumcised as part of their own religious, ethnic and ritual beliefs and practices. (circumcisionpro.co.uk)
This report is confined to circumcisions that are not performed for ritualistic or religious purposes. (cirp.org)
Circumcision is largely done because of religious and cultural traditions. (ro.co)
The most basic reason behind circumcision is a religious belief or family tradition. (vjtransgenderclinics.com)
Circumcision is common for societal, familial, or religious reasons. (kiindred.co)
Traditional branches of Judaism, Islam, Coptic Christianity, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and the Eritrean Orthodox Church still advocate male circumcision as a religious obligation. (wikipedia.org)
Not enough to positively recommend circumcision ( as some media outlets are erroneously reporting), but just enough to suggest that whenever it is performed-for cultural or religious reasons, or sheer parental preference, as the case may be-it should be covered by government health insurance. (creativitypost.com)
Muslims also conduct circumcisions as a religious tradition. (jpost.com)
The group says parents should receive "the most up-to-date" and unbiased information about newborn circumcision so they can weigh the risks and benefits in the context of their own personal, religious and cultural beliefs. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
In Florida, with its diverse community, undergoing circumcision can be a way for families to stay connected to their religious or cultural roots. (zurology.com)
As a Jewish religious ritual, for example, circumcision separates the sexes . (thesocietypages.org)
Apart from religious requirements, circumcision is a cultural necessity in some regions. (medicinenet.com)
The United States (U.S.) is unusual in that the vast majority of newborn circumcisions performed in the country are done for non-religious reasons (WHO/UNAIDS, 2007). (evidencebasedbirth.com)

You should talk with your child's doctor about the health risks and benefits, and decide what will work for your family. (urologyhealth.org)
Circumcision has both risks and benefits. (stlukesonline.org)

Recently a study published in the Canadian Journal of Urology in which a group of scholars including Dr. Pollock offer a different view of circumcision based upon the most recent evidence. (gentleprocedures.com.au)

The National Center for Health Statistics estimates that about 64 percent of newborn boys undergo circumcision. (childrenshospital.org)

It's important to keep in mind that circumcision is not performed in Australian public hospitals. (kiindred.co)

This could be due to both the protective effect of circumcision and the younger age of circumcised men. (aidsmap.com)
It is extremely difficult to evaluate the effect of circumcision on a wider geographic scale outside of a controlled clinical trial, he noted. (medscape.com)

Recently, legal scholars have challenged the legality of neonatal circumcision [ 3-7 ] and argued that it constitutes child abuse [ 8,9 ]. (cirp.org)

In recent years, small but vocal groups of activists have argued that circumcision is akin to genital mutilation and that, because it permanently changes the body, the decision on whether to be circumcised should be left to each boy when he becomes an adult. (ro.co)
all involved adult male circumcision. (cmaj.ca)
Some adult males may squirm at the very thought of routinely offering circumcision to peripubertal males, possibly because of perceived pain and discomfort. (cmaj.ca)
Dr. Neil Pollock specializes in circumcision, from newborn to adult, and adult vasectomy. (jewishindependent.ca)
The estimated costs per adult male circumcision are between $30 and $60, depending on the programme setting, with neonatal circumcision costing about one-third this amount. (unaids.org)
Circumcision Devices for their potential to accelerate delivery of male circumcision programmes in high HIV incidence settings and thus reduce risk of HIV infection in adult male populations. (who.int)
Adult male circumcision does not reduce the risk of incident Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Trichomonas vaginalis infection: results from a randomized, controlled trial in Kenya. (medscape.com)
Can Circumcision Be Avoided in Adult Male With Phimosis? (medscape.com)
This chapter addresses the management of weight related to three phases of a woman's reproductive years - precon-ception, during pregnancy and postpartum - for adult wom-en with obesity. (bvsalud.org)

Health care providers should assess the sexual risk behaviors of their male patients, and the patients who engage in activities that may increase their chances of acquiring HIV should be counseled about voluntary male circumcision as another potential strategy. (cdc.gov)

Today Chebet is a primary school teacher and campaigns against female circumcision, otherwise known as female genital mutilation. (ipsnews.net)
Jane Frances Kuka, the former Gender Minister and former woman Member of Parliament (MP) for Kapchorwa district, an area that has laws banning female circumcision, lost her parliamentary seat partly for having campaigned against female genital mutilation. (ipsnews.net)
Female circumcision is practiced among the Sabiny, Sebei and Pokot in eastern Uganda. (ipsnews.net)
In 2007 the district councils of Kapchorwa and Bukwo passed by-laws prohibiting female circumcision. (ipsnews.net)
In April 2007 women activists under their umbrella boy known as Law and Advocacy for Women in Uganda petitioned the constitutional court in an effort to ban female circumcision. (ipsnews.net)
Female circumcision. (cdc.gov)

Circumcision can have various health benefits. (urologyhealth.org)
Studies have also shown health benefits to circumcision, although they're a bit controversial. (ro.co)
But there are also so many health benefits to this process which is why you must think about circumcision for your newborn. (vjtransgenderclinics.com)
There may be some health benefits from circumcision. (epnet.com)
There are also a number of health benefits to circumcisions, according to the UK's National Health Service. (jpost.com)
Parents must weigh the immediate health benefits against these ethical considerations. (zurology.com)
They further argue that the touted health benefits of circumcision are infrequent, minor or outweighed by surgical risks or other harms, and since these benefits can be achieved non-surgically-through ordinary hygiene, vaccinations, and safe sex practices-they do not justify involuntary genital surgery. (evidencebasedbirth.com)

In 2019 an invited systematic review was published in the Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine critically evaluating whether claims by circumcision opponents stack up in relation to the scientific evidence [Morris et al. (circinfo.net)

Is the mass circumcision drive in KwaZulu-Natal involving neonates and children less than 16 years of age legal? (samj.org.za)

It is well established that circumcision protects men against HIV infection, but until now there has been little evidence of benefit for women. (aidsmap.com)
Infection of the circumcision site. (stlukesonline.org)
Unfortunately, his statement that circumcision could lead to 'reversal in the gains made against HIV infection' shows that his piece is one of proselytism, not scholarship. (samj.org.za)
Male circumcision and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (medscape.com)
A substantial number cluded injections by informal health care of infected people in the population are not providers and, of marginal significance, aware of their infective status and are not circumcisions for boys by informal health clinically ill, but are a source of infection for care providers [ 11 ]. (who.int)

Risk of adverse effects increases significantly when circumcision performed after infancy. (renalandurologynews.com)
March 12, 2012 - Circumcision prior to first sexual intercourse appears to be associated with a reduction in the relative risk for prostate cancer. (medscape.com)
In a study published online today in Cancer , early circumcision was linked to a 15% reduction in the relative risk for prostate cancer, compared with no circumcision. (medscape.com)
One study found that circumcision reduced a man's risk of developing genital herpes (HSV-2) by 28% and HPV (human papillomavirus) by 35% ( NIH, 2015 ). (ro.co)
The World Health Organization says that male circumcision can reduce the risk of heterosexually acquired HIV by 60% ( Hernandez, 2010 ). (ro.co)
Newborn Circumcision: A risk-benefit analysis revisited. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
However, Morris, whose team conducted their own risk-benefit analysis, said the society's policy was based on weak studies that over-called the harms and under-estimated the benefits. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
The authors say newborn circumcision is "convenient, quick, safe, low-cost and provides immediate and life-long protections" but that, if done later in life, "takes longer, costs more and includes a 10 to 20 fold higher risk of adverse events. (gentleprocedures.com.au)
Circumcision could help in reducing the incidence of UTI by reducing periurethral bacterial colonization, which is accepted as a potential risk factor in UTI. (cochrane.org)
Prais D, Shoov-Furman R, Amir J. Is ritual circumcision a risk factor for neonatal urinary tract infections? (medscape.com)

Circumcision and penile cancer. (medscape.com)

But increasingly in Reform Judaism, families are questioning the historic ritual of circumcision, asking their rabbis if there is a way out. (jewishcircumcision.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms1

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes2

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Humanities2

Named Groups2

Health Care10

Geographicals13

American Academy of10

Penis31

Procedure34

Prevalence12

Routine21

Foreskin7

UTIs4

Infant14

Outweigh3

Prevention10

Choose circumcision2

Medically4

Showing that male circumcision1

Shown that circumcision reduces2

Evidence to suggest that circumcision2

Lowers1

Complications6

STIs2

Newborns3

Neonatal male circumcision1

VMMC1

Male medical circumcision1

Anti-circumcision movement2

Infants3

Talk about circumcision1

Practice11

Medical25

Jewish and Islamic3

Sexually3

Rite6

Religious15

Risks and benefits2

Urology1

Newborn boys1

Mind that circumcision1

Effect of circumcision2

Challenged the legality1

Adult9

Voluntary1

Female circumcision6

Health benefits7

20191

KwaZulu Natal1

Infection5

Risk10

Penile cancer1

Ritual1