• A major role in B. quintana infection is its lipopolysaccharide covering which is an antagonist of the toll-like receptor 4. (wikipedia.org)
  • B. quintana infection has subsequently been seen in every continent except Antarctica. (wikipedia.org)
  • Serological evidence of B. quintana infection showed, of hospitalized homeless patients, 16% were infected, as opposed to 1.8% of nonhospitalized homeless persons, and 0% of blood donors at large. (wikipedia.org)
  • The clinical manifestations of B. quintana infection are highly variable. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rarely is B. quintana infection fatal, unless endocarditis develops and goes untreated. (wikipedia.org)
  • To have a definite diagnosis of infection with B. quintana requires either serological cultures or nucleic acid amplification techniques. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nine pools of body lice (n = 2-20, mean infection rate [MIR] 5%) from 9 infested persons and 2 pools of head lice (n = 7-12, MIR 8.3%) from 1 infested person showed evidence of Bartonella DNA. (medscape.com)
  • B. quintana infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella quintana infection is a vectorborne disease transmitted by the human body louse ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In the United States, homelessness is the principal risk factor for B. quintana infection ( 2 ), likely attributable to limited access to hygiene facilities ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In January and April 2023, the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) was alerted to two cases of B. quintana infection that occurred during 2022 among persons who had experienced unsheltered homelessness in NYC and later died (one died because of the infection, and the other because of an unrelated cause). (cdc.gov)
  • One patient died from complications of traumatic injury not related to B. quintana infection. (cdc.gov)
  • B. quintana infection can result in severe outcomes, including death, and incur substantial health care costs from prolonged hospitalizations and surgical interventions. (cdc.gov)
  • This study, the first to detect B. quintana in a nonhuman mammal, changes our understanding of the epidemiology of this infection and proposes that cats may be an emerging source of human infection. (nih.gov)
  • B. quintana proliferates rapidly in body lice after 6 days post-infection, but declines in head lice after 4 days post-infection, possibly explaining, in part, the differential vector competence between the two insects. (umass.edu)
  • Previously studied immune-related genes, PGRP, Defensin 1 and Defensin 2 transcription levels were also assessed in body louse midgut using qPCR following B. quintana infection. (umass.edu)
  • In this case, B. quintana infection did not result in significant effects on the transcript levels of these genes in midgut tissue. (umass.edu)
  • This report describes naturally acquired B. quintana infection in a nonhuman primate. (cdc.gov)
  • 50 years ago, we report the first naturally occurring infection with B. quintana in a nonhuman primate ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • . B. quintana was orally infected 72 h after injection and proliferation was compared at 2 hours (day 0) and day 4 post-infection. (umass.edu)
  • Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is the most common human infection caused by Bartonella species. (aafp.org)
  • Bacillary angiomatosis is skin infection caused by the gram-negative bacteria Bartonella henselae or B. quintana . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pets represent a large reservoir for human infection, including exotic pets, because most Bartonella spp . (biomedcentral.com)
  • What is Bartonella henselae infection (CSD)? (cdc.gov)
  • CSD is a bacterial infection caused by Bartonella henselae . (cdc.gov)
  • Trench fever, also known as five-day fever or quintan fever, is the initial manifestation of B. quintana infection. (mdwiki.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: B. quintana was the most frequently reported vector-borne infection identified in our article. (hivevidence.org)
  • Delousing efforts and active surveillance among HIV-positive individuals, who are at elevated risk of complication from B. quintana infection, are advised to reduce morbidity. (hivevidence.org)
  • Canine bartonellosis: serological and molecular prevalence in Brazil and evidence of co-infection with Bartonella henselae and Bartonella vinsonii subsp. (vetres.org)
  • Barnes A., Bell S.C., Isherwood D.R., Bennett M., Carter S.D., Evidence of Bartonella henselae infection in cats and dogs in the United Kingdom, Vet. (vetres.org)
  • Breitschwerdt E.B., Kordick D.L., Malarkey D.E., Keene B., Hadfield T.L., Wilson K., Endocarditis in a dog due to infection with a novel Bartonella subspecies, J. Clin. (vetres.org)
  • Bartonella quintana, originally known as Rochalimaea quintana, and "Rickettsia quintana", is a bacterium transmitted by the human body louse that causes trench fever. (wikipedia.org)
  • This bacterial species caused outbreaks of trench fever affecting 1 million soldiers in Europe during World War I. B. quintana had an estimated genome size of 1,700 to 2,174 kb. (wikipedia.org)
  • In trench fever or B. quintana-induced endocarditis patients, bacillary angiomatosis lesions are also seen. (wikipedia.org)
  • B with the Wildlife Protection and Proper Hunting Act, by artonella quintana is the causative agent of trench using large hand-made cage traps and commercial cage fever, which is characterized in humans by headache, traps (no. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella quintana , transmitted by the human body louse ( Pediculus humanis ), is the etiologic agent for trench fever. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever and a cause of endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis in humans, has the highest reported in vitro hemin requirement for any bacterium. (umt.edu)
  • Bartonella quintana causes trench fever . (medscape.com)
  • We previously observed that the transcription level of the defensin 1 gene was up-regulated only in head lice following oral challenge of Bartonella quintana , a causative agent of trench fever, and also that body lice excreted more viable B. quintana in their feces. (umass.edu)
  • Members of the genus Bartonella have historically been connected with human diseases, such as cat-scratch disease, trench fever, and Carrion's disease, and recently, have also been recognized as emerging pathogens causing other clinical manifestations in humans [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [3] Bartonella species cause diseases such as Carrión's disease , trench fever , cat-scratch disease , bacillary angiomatosis , peliosis hepatis , chronic bacteremia , endocarditis , chronic lymphadenopathy , and neurological disorders. (mdwiki.org)
  • Only body lice, however, are vectors of the infections gram-negative bacteria Bartonella quintana . (umass.edu)
  • Bartonellosis comprises infections caused by pathogens in the genus Bartonella . (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Both B henselae and B quintana may cause bacillary angiomatosis , infections in homeless populations, and infections in patients with HIV. (medscape.com)
  • Overview of Bartonella Infections Bartonella species are gram-negative bacteria previously classified as Rickettsiae. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Traditionally, the diagnosis of Bartonella infections has been made by Warthin-Starry staining of tissue and serology. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • These diseases include group A streptococcal infections, Shigella, and a cluster of serious infections transmitted by body lice called Bartonella quintana. (publichealthinsider.com)
  • Boulouis H.J., Chang C.C., Henn J.B., Kasten R.W., Chomel B.B., Factors associated with the rapid emergence of zoonotic Bartonella infections, Vet. (vetres.org)
  • however, cross-reactivity with other Bartonella species (e.g. (cdc.gov)
  • Almost 20 species belong to the genus Bartonella . (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Three Bartonella species are currently considered important causes of human disease, but other significant human pathogens in this genus were found to causes disease in humans occasionally. (medscape.com)
  • [ 6 ] Numerous other Bartonella species that can potentially cause human disease have been discovered in ticks. (medscape.com)
  • The transmission of Bartonella species occurs by traumatic contact with infected animals or by vectors like cat fleas or other blood-sucking arthropods (eg, sand fly, Phlebotomus for B bacilliformis ). (medscape.com)
  • Erythrocytes may serve as a reservoir for Bartonella species. (medscape.com)
  • Second, the levels of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the epithelial cells of the alimentary tract were measured using two general indictors of ROS in both body and head lice at day 1 and day 4 following B. quintana challenge. (umass.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that the prevalence of both Bartonella species in Andalusia (Southern Spain) is relatively high. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because tissue staining and serology are nonspecific and may be falsely negative in early stages of disease, real time PCR testing for the citrate synthase gene of Bartonella species has become the preferred test. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia prowazekii, Bartonella elizabethae, West Nile virus, Borellia recurrentis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Wohlfartiimonas chitiniclastica, Seoul hantavirus (SEOV), and Leptospira species was also identified in published studies, with SEOV associated with chronic renal disease later in life. (hivevidence.org)
  • Duncan A.W., Maggi R.G., Breitschwerdt E.B., A combined approach for the enhanced detection and isolation of Bartonella species in dog blood samples: pre-enrichment liquid culture followed by PCR and subculture onto agar plates, J. Microbiol. (vetres.org)
  • The name Bartonia, later Bartonella bacilliformis, was used for the only member of the group identified before 1993. (medscape.com)
  • ინფექციების უდიდესი ნაწილის გამომწვევია სამი ძირითადი პათოგენი: B henselae, B quintana, და B bacilliformis. (bmj.com)
  • დაინფიცირებული ბუნებრივი მასპინძლიდან Bartonella-ს სახეობები მოწყვლად ადამიან მასპინძელს გადაეცემა პირდაპირი კონტაქტით (კატის ნაკბენი ან ნაფხაჭნი B henselae-თვის) ან გადამტანი მწერის მეშვეობით (ტანის ტკიპა B quintana, მოსკიტი B bacilliformis-თვის). (bmj.com)
  • Bartonellosis, Bartonella bacilliformis -- 22. (edu.au)
  • Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella bacilliformis is rare. (rsbmt.org.br)
  • Bartonella bacilliformis was isolated in blood cultures, defining the diagnosis of infective endocarditis using Duke's criteria. (rsbmt.org.br)
  • Bartonella bacilliformis , the etiologic agent of Carrion's disease (CD), has also been reported as a cause of endocarditis in a pediatric patient with a history of right ventricular-coronary artery fistula 2 . (rsbmt.org.br)
  • 2004. The louse-borne human pathogen Bartonella quintana is a genomic derivative of the zoonotic agent Bartonella henselae . (expasy.org)
  • Seroprevalence to the human louse-borne pathogen Bartonella quintana (seroprevalence range: 0-37.5%) was identified most frequently, with clinical disease specifically observed among HIV-positive individuals. (hivevidence.org)
  • B. quintana also induces lesions seen in bacillary angiomatosis that protrude into vascular lumina, often occluding blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
  • 6. Isolation of Bartonella quintana from an HIV-positive patient with bacillary angiomatosis. (nih.gov)
  • 11. [Bacillary angiomatosis caused by Bartonella quintana in an human immunodeficiency virus positive patient]. (nih.gov)
  • 20. Bacillary angiomatosis by Bartonella quintana in an HIV-infected patient. (nih.gov)
  • B. henselae and B. quintana can cause bacillary angiomatosis, a vascular proliferative disease involving mainly the skin, and other organs. (mdwiki.org)
  • Although these organisms were originally thought to be rickettsiae, Bartonella bacteria can be grown on artificial media, unlike rickettsiae. (medscape.com)
  • due to Bartonella bacteria), particularly in AIDS patients. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bacteria of the genus Bartonella are responsible for a large variety of human and animal diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within the last 15 years, several bacteria of the genus Bartonella were recognized as zoonotic agents in humans and isolated from various mammalian reservoirs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some studies have found the Bartonella bacteria in the blood of up to 1 in 3 healthy cats, particularly kittens. (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonellosis is an infectious disease produced by bacteria of the genus Bartonella . (mdwiki.org)
  • Members of the genus Bartonella are facultative intracellular bacteria, alpha 2 subgroup Pseudomonadota . (mdwiki.org)
  • one received a positive Bartonella polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result not specific to B. quintana . (cdc.gov)
  • We identified a Bartonella quintana strain by polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, and sequencing of DNA extracted from lysed erythrocytes and cultured colonies grown from peripheral blood collected from a captive-bred cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ). (cdc.gov)
  • Screening of monoclonal antibodies towards the Gro EL protein of B. clarridgeiae identified 3 groups of antibodies, which were observed with variable affinities against Bartonella strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cats are the main reservoir for Bartonella henselae, B. clarridgeiae , and B. koehlerae . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chomel B.B., Mac Donald K.A., Kasten R.W., Chang C.C., Wey A.C., Foley J.E., Thomas W.P., Kittleson M.D., Aortic valve endocarditis in a dog due to Bartonella clarridgeiae , J. Clin. (vetres.org)
  • Zina, Jake, "Comparison of the Humoral Immune Response following Both Bacterial Challenge and RNAi of Major Factors on Proliferation of Bartonella quintana in the Human Louse" (2022). (umass.edu)
  • Emilio Garrote Sánchez - From endosymbiont to chassis in synthetic biology: genomic engineering of bartonella quintana by deleting non-essential regions. (segenetica.es)
  • The total number of B. quintana cases is likely higher than what is reported here for several reasons: 1) persons experiencing unsheltered homelessness often do not seek health care services, 2) health care providers are less likely to consider bartonellosis in patients without severe disease, and 3) laboratory diagnosis is challenging. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 1 ] Candidatus Bartonella mayotimonensis and Candidatus Bartonella melophagi were respectively isolated from the aortic valve of a patient with culture-negative endocarditis and the blood of two patients with symptoms consistent with bartonellosis. (medscape.com)
  • Bartonellosis, Bartonella quintana -- 23. (edu.au)
  • Freeze- radically in urban areas, mainly among homeless persons, thawed blood samples were spread onto chocolate agar drug-addicted persons, and HIV-positive patients in Europe plates ( 8 ) for isolation of Bartonella spp. (cdc.gov)
  • Because lysis-centrifugation blood cultures show enhanced isolation of B henselae and B quintana, intracellular forms are most likely present in humans. (medscape.com)
  • Chomel B.B., Wey A.C., Kasten R.W., Isolation of Bartonella washoensis from a dog with mitral valve endocarditis, J. Clin. (vetres.org)
  • Our goal was to develop a multiple antigenic microarray able to detect and identify by serology each of the Bartonella strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Free-ranging Japanese macaques thus rep- wild Japanese macaques in Aomori (n = 25), Yamagata (n resent another natural reservoir of B. quintana . (cdc.gov)
  • Bartonella isolates were obtained from 6 (13.3%) of another natural reservoir for B. quintana . (cdc.gov)
  • The domestic cat is both the reservoir and vector for Bartonella henselae. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • Lice have been demonstrated, as of recently, to be the key component in transmitting B. quintana. (wikipedia.org)
  • This has been attributed to living in unsanitary conditions and crowded areas, where the risk of coming into contact with other individuals carrying B. quintana and ectoparasites (body lice) is increased. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bartonella DNA was detected in body lice collected from 11 (33.3%) persons ( Table 1 ) and in head lice collected from 3 (25.0%) persons ( Table 2 ). (medscape.com)
  • Sample SFB6 had 13 (87%) of 15 lice positive for Bartonella DNA. (medscape.com)
  • Sample SFB24 had 27 (64%) of 42 lice positive for Bartonella DNA. (medscape.com)
  • Host sample SFB16 showed no amplification of Bartonella DNA in its original test but when an additional 3 pools of 20 lice and 11 individual lice were tested, 1 pool of 20 lice was positive. (medscape.com)
  • Samples from 1 person who was co-infested with body lice and head lice were positive for Bartonella DNA by the gltA gene PCR (SFB17, 1 pool of 20 lice) in body lice, but not in the head lice pool (SFH7, n = 4). (medscape.com)
  • Samples from another co-infested person were negative for Bartonella DNA in 1 pool of 5 body lice (SFB10). (medscape.com)
  • Bartonella DNA was detected in a pool of 12 head lice (SFH3, MIR 8.3%) ( Tables 1 , 2 ). (medscape.com)
  • Thirteen (86.7%) and 12 (80.0%) body lice from host SFB6 had Bartonella DNA amplification by gltA and ftsZ , respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Twenty-five (59.5%) and 23 (54.8%) of individual body lice from host SFB24 had Bartonella DNA amplification by gltA and ftsZ , respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: Bartonella quintana in Body Lice and Head Lice from Homeless Persons, San Francisco, California, USA - Medscape - Jun 01, 2009. (medscape.com)
  • Using our in vitro louse rearing system, we have infected both head and body lice with a blood containing B. quintana in order to detect differences in B. quintana proliferation between head and body lice as well as transcriptional regulation of immune-related genes. (umass.edu)
  • A transcriptome analysis using whole lice followed by qPCR verification of head and body lice immune-related genes was then conducted using uninfected, versus B. quintana infected lice to identify potential genes involved in vector competence. (umass.edu)
  • At day 4, Def1 (-) knocked down head lice had 2.55-fold more bacterial cells than control head lice and 1.65-fold greater than body lice, indicating that defensin 1 was active in reducing B. quintana cell number in non-knocked down head lice. (umass.edu)
  • Head lice are likely to have multiple immune and/or non-immune factors that suppress B. quintana proliferation, and the production of sustained ROS levels and/or the single knockdown of Defensin 1 is not enough to increase B. quintana proliferation in head lice to that seen in body lice. (umass.edu)
  • Debido a la alta frecuencia de compromiso hepatoesplénico, la realización de ecografía abdominal estaría indicada en niños con fiebre. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although intra- and extra-erythrocytic bacterial organisms were confirmed by TEM, and SEM identified numerous pits, the morphologic characteristics were not unique identifiers for Bartonella spp. (cdc.gov)
  • B quintana also invades endothelial cells and forms bacterial aggregates that are taken internally by the invasome, a unique phagosomal structure. (medscape.com)
  • Furthermore, to confirm the usefulness of our system for serotyping, we produced a new array containing four Bartonella strains responsible for major human diseases, using some bacterial strains as blind test controls and Bartonella strains isolated by blood culturing from homeless people during a visit of shelters in Marseilles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A range of bacterial ( Bartonella spp, Mycoplasma spp. (bvsalud.org)
  • During July 2011-April 2014, a total of 45 blood samples locus sequence typing of the isolates revealed that Japanese macaques were infected with a new and specific B. quintana were collected in EDTA-containing collection tubes from sequence type. (cdc.gov)
  • Arvand M., Schubert H., Viezens J., Emergence of distinct genetic variants in the population of primary Bartonella henselae isolates, Microbes Infect. (vetres.org)
  • Bartonella henselae causes cat scratch disease (CSD) and peliosis of the liver (often called bacillary peliosis). (medscape.com)
  • Azevedo Z.M., Higa L.Y., Boechat P.R., Boechat M.B., Klaplauch F., Cat-scratch disease caused by Bartonella quintana in an infant: an unusual presentation, Rev. Soc. (vetres.org)
  • This particle contains a 14-kb linear DNA segment, but its function in Bartonella pathophysiology is still unknown. (wikipedia.org)
  • BLAST searches indicate that the closest homologs to HbpA include the Bartonella henselae phage associated membrane protein, Pap31 (58.4% identity), and the OMP31 porin from Brucella melitensis (31.7% identity). (umt.edu)
  • Recent concern is the possibility of the emergence of new strains of B. quintana through horizontal gene transfer, which could result in the acquisition of other virulence factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bartonella strains gave a strong positive signal and all were correctly identified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bartonella henselae is a small, pleomorphic Gram-negative bacillus that is difficult to culture due to its fastidious growth requirements. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • Two samples from hosts SFB6 and SFB24 were sequenced and found to be identical with B . quintana type strain Fuller for both genes. (medscape.com)
  • Host sample SFB13 had Bartonella DNA amplification for both genes, and showed a sequence identical to B . quintana type strain Fuller for the gltA product and 99.9% homology to the same type strain for the ftsZ product. (medscape.com)
  • Sequencing showed that this sample was B . quintana type strain Fuller for the gltA product. (medscape.com)
  • One of the 4 individual head louse samples (SFH2) showed amplification of Bartonella DNA ( Table 2 ). (medscape.com)
  • Then, CFUs as the only competent vector for B. quintana in humans, 2 per milliliter of blood were calculated. (cdc.gov)
  • Investigation of Differential Vector Competence of Bartonella quintana" by Domenic j. (umass.edu)
  • Bartonella -specific PCRs that targeted the gltA ( 9 ) and Humans were thought to be the unique natural reser- rpoB ( 10 ) genes and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic tran- voir for B. quintana ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)