OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesHealth Care
Quinolones4-QuinolonesAnti-Infective AgentsFluoroquinolonesCiprofloxacinNaphthyridinesOfloxacinMicrobial Sensitivity TestsNorfloxacinTopoisomerase II InhibitorsDNA GyraseDNA Topoisomerase IVEnoxacinQuinolinesAnti-Bacterial AgentsNalidixic AcidLevofloxacinDrug Resistance, MicrobialDNA Topoisomerases, Type IIPefloxacinAza CompoundsDrug Resistance, BacterialFleroxacinDNA, SuperhelicalOxolinic AcidEscherichia coliStaphylococcus aureusDermatitis, PhototoxicStreptococcus pneumoniaeGram-Positive BacteriaDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialMacrolidesGram-Negative BacteriaBacteria, AnaerobicOxazinesBacteriaClopidolDNA, BacterialBacterial InfectionsNovobiocinPseudomonas aeruginosaMutationBartonella bacilliformisEvodiaMycobacterium fortuitumStructure-Activity RelationshipDrug Resistance, MultipleTetracyclinesGenes, BacterialOrnidazoleAminoglycosidesCephalosporinsNeisseria gonorrhoeaeTopoisomerase InhibitorsBacterial ProteinsGram-Negative Bacterial Infectionsbeta-LactamsBacteria, AerobicTrimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole CombinationQuinazolinonesPlasmidsChloramphenicolQuinolizinesBronchitis, ChronicLactamsBacteroides fragilisEnterobacteriaceaeSOS Response (Genetics)Mycobacterium avium ComplexEscherichia coli InfectionsUreaplasmaImipenemStenotrophomonas maltophiliaColony Count, MicrobialPenicillin ResistanceKlebsiella pneumoniaeDrug UtilizationBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsMycobacteriumSpiro CompoundsViridans StreptococciEnterobacter cloacaeErythromycinUrinary Tract InfectionsRifampinClindamycinbeta-LactamasesSalmonella paratyphi ACitrobacterEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsSkin Diseases, InfectiousCilastatinMycoplasma pneumoniae
AntibioticAntibioticsFluoroquinolonesCiprofloxacinAchieving a bactericidal effectNalidixic acidOfloxacinSyntheticGyraseAntimicrobial agentsSynthesisMinimal bactericidalAntimicrobialsAminoglycosidesActivityFluorineOrganismsResistanceStrainsAntibacterial drugReplicationBacteriaNitrofurantoinFrequently prescribedClinicalSpectrumConcentrationResistantEffectReactionsModeratelyTherapy
Antibiotic11
Antibiotics15
  • Quinolone antibiotics constitute a large group of broad-spectrum bacteriocidals that share a bicyclic core structure related to the substance 4-quinolone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nearly all quinolone antibiotics in use are fluoroquinolones, which contain a fluorine atom in their chemical structure and are effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Quinolone antibiotics, available since the 1960s, inhibit DNA synthesis by demonstrating a concentration-dependent bactericidal activity. (aafp.org)
  • The antibiotics work with two terms- minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). (starhealth.in)
  • Bactericidal antibiotics are those that kill bacteria directly, while bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth and replication without killing them. (air2bhutan.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are recently considered as common factors for bactericidal antibiotics-mediated cell death. (springeropen.com)
  • In the present study, our results indicated that tryptophan could be the key residue to the hydroxyl radicals-scavenging activity of EDF, and EDF could protect Escherichia coli from killing by bactericidal antibiotics, but not by DNA-damaging or bacteriostatic antibiotics. (springeropen.com)
  • proposed a common mechanism that ROS (especially hydroxyl radicals) could be considerable factors on bacterial PCD which was triggered by bactericidal antibiotics, but not by bacteriostatic antibiotics (Kohanski et al. (springeropen.com)
  • The concurrent use of Zinxx with quinolone or tetracycline antibiotics can potentially interfere with their bactericidal efficacy. (wikikenko.com)
  • Quinolones, broad-spectrum antibiotics, are frequently prescribed by urologists for many urological disorders. (bvsalud.org)
  • Now fluoroquinolones are broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotics and ciprofloxacin in particular is widely used. (osmosis.org)
  • LND belongs to the novel benzoquinolizine subclass of quinolone antibiotics and is being developed as a parenteral formulation in the form of L-arginine salt. (vjim.org)
  • Quinolone antibiotics are generally considered to have concentration-dependent bactericidal activity and peak/MIC and AUC/MIC ratios have been identified as possible pharmacodynamic predictors of clinical and microbiological outcome as well as the development of bacterial resistance. (perfectusbiomed.com)
  • Interactions of 4-quinolone antibacterials and antibiotics with gram negative and positive bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This medication belongs to a class of drugs known as quinolone antibiotics and works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. (infectweb.com)
Fluoroquinolones4
Ciprofloxacin4
Achieving a bactericidal effect1
  • Flumequine inhibits the synthesis of bacterial nucleic acids and blocks bacterial DNA replication, thereby achieving a bactericidal effect. (ballyabio.com)
Nalidixic acid1
Ofloxacin2
  • Ofloxacin is a bactericidal drug. (medicineindia.org)
  • Ofloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. (eprajournals.net)
Synthetic3
  • Enrofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent from the class of the quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives. (drugs.com)
  • Flumequine , also known as fluoroquinic acid and fluorohexanoic acid, is a synthetic second-generation quinolone-specific antibacterial drug, and is currently the only broad-spectrum antibacterial veterinary drug not shared with humans. (ballyabio.com)
  • This synthetic 4-quinolone derivative exhibits remarkable bactericidal activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. (wikikenko.com)
Gyrase6
  • The targets of quinolone activity are the bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and transcription. (cdc.gov)
  • Quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives are classified as DNA gyrase inhibitors. (drugs.com)
  • Their mode of action is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal, inhibiting DNA gyrase and therefore DNA unwinding and replication. (aquavet.gr)
  • The bactericidal activity of Cipronatin stems from its interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial DNA synthesis. (wikikenko.com)
  • Which have ability to interfered with the bacterial DNA gyrase, it has bactericidal activity with a wide spectrum in opposition to Gram positive and Gram-negative microorganism 2 . (microbiologyjournal.org)
  • Quinolones conflict with the motion of DNA gyrase, a critical bacterial kind II DNA topoisomerase 6 . (microbiologyjournal.org)
Antimicrobial agents4
  • Quinolones are antimicrobial agents effective in the treatment of selected community-acquired and nosocomial infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Bactericidal activity is achieved with specific classes of antimicrobial agents as well as by com- pneumoniae isolates were resistant to penicillin and 16.5% bination therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • Quinolones are next generation antimicrobial agents. (aquavet.gr)
  • To date, bactericidal activity has been regarded as a desirable characteristic in antimicrobial agents when treating patients with endocarditis, while, routine MBC testing is not recommended because of the technical difficulties associated with these tests [ 11 - 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthesis2
  • Quinolones inhibit two enzymes that are required for bacterial DNA synthesis, i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • In the case of Flagyl, its ability to cause DNA damage and inhibit DNA synthesis suggests a bactericidal mechanism of action. (air2bhutan.com)
Minimal bactericidal3
  • The MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolates were killed by BMS-284756 for all isolates of C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis was 0.015 microg/ml (range, 0.015 to 0.03 microg/ml). (suny.edu)
  • Minimal bacteriostatic and minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined for Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with endocarditis following standardized methods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tolerant strains are susceptible as judged by MICs but show an increasing resistance to the killing with high minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) and an MIC/MBC ratio≥32. (biomedcentral.com)
Antimicrobials3
  • Organisms resistant to quinolones often are resistant to other classes of antimicrobials. (cdc.gov)
  • Antagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between nitrofurantoin and quinolone antimicrobials. (nih.gov)
  • The bacteriostatic antimicrobials are therefore time dependent on their killing effect where as the bactericidal ones are more concentration dependent, except for the penicillins. (octagon-services.co.uk)
Aminoglycosides5
Activity17
  • A more recent lincosamine/streptogramin class have increased bactericidal susceptibility study conducted in 2000-2001 showed that activity compared with traditional agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Second-generation quinolones have a fluorine substituent in the main quinolone ring that significantly increases antibacterial activity. (aafp.org)
  • Enrofloxacin is bactericidal, with activity against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. (drugs.com)
  • It is haloperic acid the alternative product has strong bactericidal activity and has a good effect on animal bacterial diseases. (ballyabio.com)
  • The mechanism of their bactericidal activity is based on the inhibition of topoisomerase II or IV complex with DNA, which consequently leads to cell death. (bvsalud.org)
  • Levonadifloxacin (LND) is a broad-spectrum benzoquinolizine fluoroquinolone with potent activity against quinolone-resistant S. aureus and MRSA phenotypes developed by an Indian company Wockhardt. (vjim.org)
  • There is no clear relationship between in vitro bactericidal activity tests and clinical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We studied bactericidal activity of oxacillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates in patients with endocarditis and then we sought to determine if there was a relationship between in vitro bactericidal activity and clinical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The efficacy of vancomycin against methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) has been reported to be inferior to that of beta-lactams against methicillin susceptible S.aureus (MSSA) due to its slower in vitro bactericidal activity with a lower clinical response [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There have been studies reporting infections caused by tolerant strains more difficult to eradicate and antimicrobial regimens with bactericidal activity superior to that of bacteriostatic regimens in the treatment of serious S.aureus infections. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bactericidal activity can also be evaluated with time killing curves but, independently from the method used, there are theoretical and technical difficulties in performing these tests. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pd/TiO 2 temporarily lost bactericidal activity after use, but was reactivated in air. (matthey.com)
  • The reduction may initiate the bactericidal activity. (matthey.com)
  • It has bactericidal activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. (medeasy.health)
  • Sub-inhibitory concentrations of rifampicin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin or tetracycline antagonised the bactericidal activity of the 4-quinolones. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Bactericidal activity of trimethoprim alone and in combination with sulfamethoxazole in susceptible and resistant Escherichia coli K12. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Among new quinolones, it is a component with particularly strong antibacterial activity. (lifetimepills.com)
Fluorine1
  • Now, quinolones are created to target bacterial topoisomerases, but it was soon discovered that by adding a fluorine molecule to the quinolones, they become more effective. (osmosis.org)
Organisms5
  • Many resistant organisms have multiple enzyme target site, porin, and efflux mutations, producing high-level resistance to quinolones. (cdc.gov)
  • Newer quinolones have increased their spectrum toward gram-positive organisms and, in some cases, toward anaerobes. (medscape.com)
  • These early quinolones targeted gram-negative organisms including Escherichia coli , and Klebsiella and Proteus species. (aafp.org)
  • Killing curves demonstrate the rapid bactericidal effect against sensitive organisms and it is often found that minimum bactericidal concentrations are in the range of minimum inhibitory concentrations. (onehealthng.com)
  • Bactericidal for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms and therefore useful for empiric broad-spectrum antibacterial coverage. (blogspot.com)
Resistance6
  • Why is resistance to quinolones important? (cdc.gov)
  • Resistance to quinolones limits drug selection for treatment of many infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Reporting susceptibilities to various quinolones provides the information necessary to choose an appropriate therapy that will minimize the selection of mutations leading to resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • How does resistance to quinolones develop? (cdc.gov)
  • Resistance to quinolones occurs through chromosomal mutations in the genes encoding these enzymes and by porin and efflux mutations. (cdc.gov)
  • Indeed, rates of S. pneumoniae resistance to The use of bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic agents as penicillin now exceed 40% in many regions, and a high pro- first-line therapy is recommended because the eradication of portion of these strains are also resistant to macrolides. (cdc.gov)
Strains2
  • To examine whether the heat shock proteins affect the bactericidal action of FQs, we constructed E. coli strains with mutations in various heat shock genes and tested their susceptibility to FQs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aqueous extract exerted a bactericidal effect on all the strains with MICs and BMCs varying, respectively, from 0.76 to 50 mg/ml and BMCs from 0.76 to 100 mg/ml. (springeropen.com)
Antibacterial drug1
  • Flumequine is a second-generation quinolone drug, a spectrum antibacterial drug. (ballyabio.com)
Replication1
  • Quinolones has the ability to sort kind two topoisomerases, which can be crucial compounds in arrange the topological condition of DNA via its replication and transcription. (microbiologyjournal.org)
Bacteria6
  • Accordingly, he examined the inhibitory effect of comprehensive strategy that includes, whenever possible, the various chemicals on the growth and viability of bacteria and selection of antibacterial agents in dosages sufficient to be directly applied the results to the practice of medicine by bactericidal (13). (cdc.gov)
  • Flagyl is considered to be bactericidal, meaning it kills bacteria rather than just inhibiting their growth. (air2bhutan.com)
  • While the exact mode of action of Flagyl is not fully understood, studies have shown that it is primarily bactericidal against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. (air2bhutan.com)
  • Enrofloxacin belongs to the group of quinolones and acts bactericidal against mainly Gram-negative bacteria like Campylobacter, E. coli, Haemophilus, Pasteurella and Salmonella spp. (nutri-vet.nl)
  • Additional prospective clinical research is needed to characterize quinolone pharmacodynamic parameters and answer unresolved questions regarding optimal pharmacodynamic outcome predictors for Gram-positive bacteria, anaerobes and atypical respiratory pathogens. (perfectusbiomed.com)
  • Since acid-fast bacilli have limited therapeutic agents, their presence in bactericidal action against a wide range of bacteria is very important. (lifetimepills.com)
Nitrofurantoin1
  • Nitrofurantoin is bactericidal in urine at therapeutic doses. (nih.gov)
Frequently prescribed1
  • Quinolones are frequently prescribed before culture results are known. (cdc.gov)
Clinical1
  • In vitro bactericidal test results were not valid predictors of clinical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
Spectrum1
  • Gemifloxacin is an oral broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and mild-to-moderate pneumonia. (illnesshacker.com)
Concentration2
  • Quinolones are bactericidal and exhibit concentration-dependent killing. (cdc.gov)
  • However, it is important to note that the bacteriostatic or bactericidal nature of Flagyl can vary depending on the specific organism and the concentration of the medication. (air2bhutan.com)
Resistant2
  • Can an isolate be resistant to one quinolone and susceptible to another? (cdc.gov)
  • Quinolones are one of these drug group in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant is being reported and has been identified as a motive of remedy failure 1 . (microbiologyjournal.org)
Effect4
  • A bactericidal effect is desired because, to using phenol (as well as heat) to sterilize surgical instru- put it succinctly, dead bugs don't mutate. (cdc.gov)
  • Host defense against bacterial invasion depends on phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear granulocytes and the bactericidal effect of serum, mediated in large part by complement proteins. (medscape.com)
  • The bactericidal effect is strong, but it is non-toxic, and it will not cause poisoning or other side effects if it exceeds the dosage several times. (ballyabio.com)
  • Some antibacterials will kill a bacterium directly and this is known as the bactericidal effect . (octagon-services.co.uk)
Reactions1
  • Systemically administered quinolones including moxifloxacin have been associated with hypersensitivity reactions, even following a single dose. (pharmacycode.com)
Moderately1
  • The present results show that the bactericidal action of FQs is moderately affected by the DnaK and GroEL chaperones and strongly affected by the Lon protease. (biomedcentral.com)
Therapy1
  • Choosing Correct Quinolone Therapy: Which Generation? (aafp.org)