• Overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine is known as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). (ucsd.edu)
  • Since symptoms of SIBO overlap with other common digestive conditions such as gastroparesis and IBS, it's important to get a definitive diagnosis. (ucsd.edu)
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), also termed bacterial overgrowth, or small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SBBOS), is a disorder of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subsequent studies demonstrated statistically significant reduction in IBS symptoms following therapy for SIBO. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other authors concluded that the abnormal breath results so common in IBS patients do not suggest SIBO, and state that "abnormal fermentation timing and dynamics of the breath test findings support a role for abnormal intestinal bacterial distribution in IBS. (wikipedia.org)
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) can both cause these symptoms. (health.gov.au)
  • But the symptoms are not specific to IBS and SIBO. (health.gov.au)
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a common pathology in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The treatment of SIBO with antibiotics, most commonly rifaximin, may restore gastrointestinal function and reduce the symptoms of IBS. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This diet is designed to help people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and/or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) figure out which foods are problematic and which foods reduce symptoms. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This reduces your symptoms and if you have SIBO, it can help decrease abnormally high levels of intestinal bacteria. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Dietary changes can have a big impact on IBS and SIBO symptoms, but doctors often use other therapies as well. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs when you have an abnormal increase in the overall bacterial population in the small intestine. (sjpp.org)
  • If you're experiencing symptoms of SIBO or are concerned about changes to your bowel habits, make an appointment with your Saint John's Physician Partners gastroenterologist for proper diagnosis and treatment. (sjpp.org)
  • The symptoms for SIBO are very similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) , which is why seeing your doctor for an accurate diagnosis is so important in order to receive appropriate treatment. (sjpp.org)
  • Because SIBO causes a wide range of symptoms, it can be difficult to diagnose. (sjpp.org)
  • If you do not have any anatomical problems but still have SIBO, a simple way to control your symptoms is to avoid sugary foods and drinks. (coem.com)
  • How to treat SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth)? (coem.com)
  • If you are looking for expert SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth) treatment, the Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine can help you. (coem.com)
  • Dysbiosis is known to be linked to ME, for example with elevated pathogens (e.g. high level of E. coli), and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). (europa.eu)
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) are commonly-diagnosed conditions. (integrativepractitioner.com)
  • It could be small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) that's making those probiotics work against you. (livestrong.com)
  • In a small study that was published in ​ Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology ​ in June 2018, researchers reported that people who have SIBO, which is characterized by an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine , may get sick after taking probiotics. (livestrong.com)
  • The way it manifests can vary from person to person, but many of the symptoms of SIBO are similar to those of IBS. (goop.com)
  • Some patients with SIBO may present some symptoms similar to those of IBS, but it doesn't always mean they have IBS. (goop.com)
  • SIBO, or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, can share many of the same symptoms as IBS. (ottawalife.com)
  • Since SIBO and IBS are closely related with symptoms, it is therefore imperative to have a medical professional determine which one you may have to seek the best treatment. (ottawalife.com)
  • If so, you might be suffering from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) caused by Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) . (ifdw.org)
  • Developed and recommended by top-notch IBS and SIBO-experts, this easy to use Home-Test-Kit (SIBO H2 Hydrogen & Methane Test) is your key to detecting and tackling bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine with ease. (ifdw.org)
  • Some dieters experience SIBO symptoms , or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, which causes abdominal pain, constipation and gas. (meetwithcindy.org)
  • Processed and unhealthy foods thrive in this environment, so cutting them out will often release SIBO symptoms immediately! (meetwithcindy.org)
  • For some people with SIBO, these symptoms can become so bad that they control their life. (gutspace.com)
  • Again, not every overgrowth of bacteria in the gut will contain bacteria that produce hydrogen or methane, so these tests could be inaccurate in determining SIBO. (gutspace.com)
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is an increase in the number of bacteria or a change in the type of bacteria in your small intestine. (nih.gov)
  • We help treat symptoms commonly associated with intestinal motility disorders such as bloating, nausea, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, and diarrhea. (ucsd.edu)
  • 75.6%, 37.8% and 13.3% of patients had fructose, lactose malabsorption or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth respectively. (nih.gov)
  • The diagnosis is based on symptoms, particularly in people who have had certain types of surgery or who have certain disorders, plus the results of a breath test or an intestinal fluid culture. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The most common symptom of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is bloating. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Doctors base the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth on typical symptoms, particularly in people who have had certain types of surgery or have certain disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pimentel M, Chow EJ and Lin HC: Eradication of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ghoshal UC, Shukla R and Ghoshal U: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and irritable bowel syndrome: A bridge between functional organic dichotomy. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Pimentel M, Saad RJ, Long MD and Rao SSC: ACG clinical guideline: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Kapil S, Duseja A, Sharma BK, Singla B, Chakraborti A, Das A, Ray P, Dhiman RK and Chawla Y: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and toll-like receptor signaling in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Rare causes of persistent symptoms include the intestinal parasites Cystoisospora , Dientamoeba fragilis , and Microsporidia . (cdc.gov)
  • Antibiotics can quickly reduce small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, while laxatives and low-dose antidepressants can relieve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The symptoms started gradually and included intestinal pain, bloating, low energy, and increased frequency of bowel movements. (ndnr.com)
  • While this can make many people feel better, it can actually make you feel sick if you have a digestive condition called small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. (livestrong.com)
  • Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth refers to an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine. (goop.com)
  • Excess gas is often a symptom of chronic intestinal conditions, such as diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. (stclair.org)
  • A lot of the testing we do is the differential diagnosis, and we're looking for comorbid conditions, treatment targets, and subgroups, like people with [small intestinal bacterial overgrowth] or mast cell activation. (medscape.com)
  • Irrespective of the cause, achlorhydria can result in complications such as bacterial overgrowth, intestinal metaplasia, and hip fracture. (medscape.com)
  • It follows, then, that a low-carb diet would reduce bacterial overgrowth. (chriskresser.com)
  • Symptoms of an alkalized vagina may also be diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis (BV) or a yeast infection . (healthline.com)
  • Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an overgrowth of any number of organisms that may be found in a healthy vagina. (rutgers.edu)
  • Bacterial vaginosis is usually treated with antibiotic pills or creams. (rutgers.edu)
  • It can be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from yeast infections to bacterial vaginosis and allergies. (articleinsider.com)
  • Other factors that can cause vaginal itching include bacterial vaginosis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and skin irritations from hygiene products or clothing. (articleinsider.com)
  • In addition to the above symptoms, it is important to note that vaginal itching can also be a sign of an underlying medical condition such as a yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis, or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. (articleinsider.com)
  • Other possible causes include bacterial vaginosis, sexually transmitted infections, and skin irritations. (articleinsider.com)
  • Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common condition that occurs when there is an overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina. (articleinsider.com)
  • While bacterial vaginosis is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, having multiple sexual partners can increase the risk of developing BV. (articleinsider.com)
  • You could have a sexually transmitted infection, some of which have signs and symptoms similar to those of a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis. (drugs.com)
  • It's possible to have bacterial vaginosis without symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • ABSTRACT Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent form of vaginal disturbances in women of child- bearing age. (who.int)
  • Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a change in vag- in the evaluation of asymtomatic women inal ecosystem where the normally domi- because this organism is carried by 30%- nant lactobacilli are greatly reduced and 40% of women who do not have bacterial replaced with a number of other organ- vaginosis [ 8 ]. (who.int)
  • Malabsorption of bile acids, fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and vitamins results in direct damage to the lining of the luminal surface by bacteria or by transformation of nutrients into toxic metabolites, leading to many of the symptoms of diarrhea and weight loss associated with bacterial overgrowth syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • People who have problems digesting certain carbohydrates may experience digestive symptoms-such as bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea-after they consume certain foods or drinks. (nih.gov)
  • This, too, can contribute to diarrhea symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Eating cereal products, including many types of bread, can result in gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Patients with bacterial overgrowth typically develop symptoms which may include nausea, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, malnutrition, weight loss and malabsorption, which is caused by a number of mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Various mechanisms are involved in the development of diarrhea and IBS-D in bacterial overgrowth. (wikipedia.org)
  • First, the excessive bacterial concentrations can cause direct inflammation of the small bowel cells, leading to an inflammatory diarrhea. (wikipedia.org)
  • Individual bacterial infections rarely cause persistent symptoms, but travelers infected with Clostridioides difficile or enteroaggregative or enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 7, Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli ) can experience ongoing diarrhea. (cdc.gov)
  • C. difficile -associated diarrhea can occur after treatment of a bacterial pathogen with a fluoroquinolone or other antibiotic, or after malaria chemoprophylaxis. (cdc.gov)
  • Parasites might also be the cause of persistent diarrhea in patients already treated for a bacterial pathogen. (cdc.gov)
  • While IBD and IBS share a common symptom of diarrhea, other symptoms of IBD include abdominal cramps, bloody stool, fever, loss of fluids and appetite, and anemia. (goop.com)
  • Depending on your exam and presence of other signs and symptoms - such as weight loss, blood in your stool or diarrhea - your doctor may order additional diagnostic tests. (stclair.org)
  • They also found that the prevalence of all functional symptoms (such as nausea, changes in bowel movement, headache, etc.) was higher in overlapping GERD and IBS subjects than the prevalence in GERD subjects without IBS or IBS subjects without GERD. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
  • So, if you take probiotics, nausea or other uncomfortable symptoms may follow. (livestrong.com)
  • The symptoms are usually mild and may include nausea, gas, abdominal pain and bloating. (livestrong.com)
  • Your healthcare provider adjusts the gastric stimulation settings to help reduce symptoms of nausea and vomiting. (henryford.com)
  • Probiotics supplements must be taken when there is a bacterial imbalance in the body. (iloveindia.com)
  • The bacterial imbalance can be identified by some of the problems given below. (iloveindia.com)
  • The Mayo Clinic reported that small intestine bacterial overgrowth arises due to an imbalance in microorganisms. (wwlp.com)
  • If something changes the balance of the normal organisms found in the vagina, it can cause an overgrowth of the yeast and, subsequently, an infection. (rutgers.edu)
  • Something usually changes the pH in the vagina, allowing for the overgrowth of the bacteria. (rutgers.edu)
  • One of the most common causes of vaginal itching is a yeast infection, which is caused by an overgrowth of yeast (Candida) in the vagina. (articleinsider.com)
  • The most common symptom of vaginal itching is an intense itching or burning sensation in or around the vagina. (articleinsider.com)
  • This results from an overgrowth of the bacteria naturally found in your vagina, which upsets the natural balance. (drugs.com)
  • These occur when there's an overgrowth of a fungal organism - usually Candida albicans - in your vagina. (drugs.com)
  • In women, trichomoniasis typically infects the vagina, and might cause symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • Thus we decided to determine the preva- ants of the vagina, but overgrowth of the lence and risk factors of BV in a university normal lactobacillus-dominant flora by hospital Kerman. (who.int)
  • Diabetes can cause a range of complications, such as neuropathy, or nerve damage, and bacterial overgrowth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Patients with bacterial overgrowth that is longstanding can develop complications of their illness as a result of malabsorption of nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
  • Young people with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have a higher prevalence of eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia, and adults with longstanding diabetes and major medical complications have a higher prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety. (cdc.gov)
  • Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome is treated with an elemental diet or antibiotics, which may be given in a cyclic fashion to prevent tolerance to the antibiotics, sometimes followed by prokinetic drugs to prevent recurrence if dysmotility is a suspected cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • H. pylori is the most common chronic bacterial pathogen in humans. (thehealthyskeptic.org)
  • Viral and bacterial infections that result in acute bronchitis may lead to chronic bronchitis if people have repeated bouts with infectious agents. (medicinenet.com)
  • In some cases, persistent symptoms relate to chronic underlying GI disease or to a susceptibility unmasked by the enteric infection. (cdc.gov)
  • We commonly associate this term with the feelings of extreme fatigue, hormonal dysregulation, and other physical symptoms that can occur from chronic stress. (drhyman.com)
  • SALT LAKE CITY, UT - The illness commonly known as chronic fatigue syndrome is complex and currently incurable, but clinicians can still do a great deal to manage symptoms and improve patients' quality of life, experts agree. (medscape.com)
  • These changes can make a woman more likely to develop vaginal infections from yeast or bacterial overgrowth and urinary tract infections. (drugs.com)
  • Profound suppression of gastric acid has been associated with bacterial overgrowth, enteric infections, and hypergastrinemia. (medscape.com)
  • Fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) may trigger gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients. (nih.gov)
  • 14 days) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. (cdc.gov)
  • 3 What is clear is that a significant percentage of people suffer from functional gastrointestinal disorders (ie, gastrointestinal symptoms without any confirmed cause). (ndnr.com)
  • With our help, you can finally find relief from gastrointestinal symptoms and start enjoying life again. (henryford.com)
  • it is now defined by a collection of symptoms and features of a patient's history, including the onset of symptoms, and the absence of more-concerning signs, like unintentional weight loss, blood in stool, or fever. (goop.com)
  • Children with bacterial overgrowth may develop malnutrition and have difficulty attaining proper growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • If your symptoms are mild, you may want to consider using boric acid suppositories before opting for antibiotics. (healthline.com)
  • According to a 2014 study conducted on 120 women, garlic tablets may be as effective as oral antibiotics at treating the symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection or BV, with fewer side effects. (healthline.com)
  • Information on conventional treatments is widely available, but be advised that prolonged use of antibiotics has the potential for causing candida overgrowth and for disturbing normal colonic flora. (diagnose-me.com)
  • The present study describes the case of a patient with severe IBS symptoms, scoring in the extreme category on a quality of life questionnaire validated for IBS and functional digestive disorders. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Defined by a collection of symptoms, IBS falls into a category of disorders involving brain-gut interactions. (goop.com)
  • Small bowel bacterial overgrowth is a condition in which very large numbers of bacteria grow in the small intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • You may have more gas symptoms if you consume more carbohydrates that your stomach and small intestine don't fully digest. (nih.gov)
  • Prevents bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. (iloveindia.com)
  • Having small intestine bacterial overgrowth can have negative effects by making it difficult for your body to absorb fats and carbohydrates from your food and can lead to vitamin deficiencies. (sjpp.org)
  • This condition develops when there is an irregular increase in the general bacterial growth in the small intestine, especially bacteria that are not typically found in the small intestine. (coem.com)
  • rather, it indicates an overgrowth of bacteria in the intestine. (goop.com)
  • Also sometimes referred to as BOSI (Bacterial Overgrowth of the Small Intestine). (ifdw.org)
  • Once you identify the foods that cause symptoms, you can avoid or limit them while enjoying everything else worry-free. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • BV can cause symptoms like itching, discharge, and odor. (articleinsider.com)
  • Many of the symptoms are due to malabsorption of nutrients due to the effects of bacteria which either metabolize nutrients or cause inflammation of the small bowel, impairing absorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • The minimum effective dose of grapefruit seed extract for bacterial dysbiosis is 600mg per day. (diagnose-me.com)
  • If you have symptoms of dysbiosis, in your digestive system or elsewhere, your healthcare provider might recommend probiotics to help bring your microbiome back to balance. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Improper diets, such as those high in carbohydrates, sugar, yeast and yeast products can lead to Candida overgrowth. (diagnose-me.com)
  • One of the mechanisms by which this occurs is the overgrowth of candida or other fungi that thrive in a low stomach acid environment secondary to these acid suppressing drugs. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Bacterial overgrowth syndrome (BOS) is a term that describes clinical manifestations that occur when the normally low number of bacteria that inhabit the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and proximal ileum significantly increases or becomes overtaken by other pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • Gas symptoms may be a problem if they occur often, bother you, or affect your daily activities. (nih.gov)
  • Perimenopause, also known as the climacteric, includes the time before menopause when hormonal and biological changes and physical symptoms begin to occur. (drugs.com)
  • Colonoscopy, lactulose hydrogen breath testing, pancreolauryl testing and computed tomography scan of the abdomen were undertaken if the symptoms persisted. (wjgnet.com)
  • Patients with persistent symptoms received colonoscopy, lactulose hydrogen breath testing, pancreolauryl testing and a computed tomography scan of the abdomen. (helpforibs.com)
  • Changes in your vaginal pH can contribute to bacterial overgrowth and may cause several uncomfortable symptoms. (healthline.com)
  • That's not to say it's less real or less uncomfortable: Anyone who has experienced its symptoms can tell you how large an impact it can have on daily functioning and quality of life. (goop.com)
  • It can be hard suffering with IBS because the symptoms can degrade and even cause hemorrhoids which are uncomfortable to live with. (ottawalife.com)
  • If your symptoms are more severe or they don't go away with natural remedies , it's important to follow up with your doctor. (healthline.com)
  • Others develop disturbing and even severe, disabling symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • There is an improvement in all IBS symptoms, and for ME sufferers a major improvement in energy shortage/severe fatigue, 'brain fog' and sleep disturbance. (europa.eu)
  • The symptoms must be moderate to severe and present at least 50% of the time. (medscape.com)
  • Prompt recognition and treatment of bacterial overgrowth syndrome should be targeted to prevent and reverse malabsorptive processes. (medscape.com)
  • The patient's quality of life assessment markedly improved following treatment and the remaining symptoms improved at the 3‑month follow‑up performed by verbal confirmation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Celiac.com 06/04/2012 - Non-responsive celiac disease is very much what it sounds like: celiac disease where symptoms seem to resist treatment and continue even in the face of a gluten-free diet. (helpforibs.com)
  • Therefore successful treatment is based on restoring adequate stomach acid production and eliminating bacterial overgrowth. (chriskresser.com)
  • Prevalence of bacteria in different parts of GI tract depends on several factors such as peristalsis, pH, redox potential, bacterial adhesion, bacterial cooperation and antagonism, mucin secretion, diet, and nutrient availability. (medscape.com)
  • also can slow peristalsis, causing bacterial overgrowth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To investigate all patients referred to our center with non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD), to establish a cause for their continued symptoms. (wjgnet.com)
  • The following digestive symptoms in this section may be present alone or in any combination in celiac disease. (glutenfreeworks.com)
  • Photo: CC--return the sunA team of researchers recently set out to look for the most likely causes of persistent symptoms in celiac disease patients on a gluten-free diet. (helpforibs.com)
  • Clinical factors associated with autoimmune gastritis in addition to vitamin B-12 deficiency include celiac disease, neurological symptoms, and a positive family history. (medscape.com)
  • Do Probiotics Worsen Bowel Symptoms? (livestrong.com)
  • Patients often experience symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits. (goop.com)
  • The mucus often becomes infected and discolored from the bacterial overgrowth and the body's inflammatory response to it. (medicinenet.com)
  • Most cases of TD are the result of bacterial infection and are short-lived and self-limited. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to immunosuppression and sequential infection with diarrheal pathogens, ongoing infection with protozoan parasites can cause prolonged diarrheal symptoms. (cdc.gov)
  • The probability of a traveler having a protozoal infection, relative to a bacterial one, increases with increasing duration of symptoms. (cdc.gov)
  • Symptoms of a yeast infection may include itching, redness, and a thick, white discharge. (articleinsider.com)
  • In men, the organism usually infects the urinary tract, but often it causes no symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • As a result of dependence upon higher brain centers, certain lesions or diseases of the brain (eg, stroke, cancer, dementia) can result in a loss of voluntary control of the normal micturition reflex as well as symptoms such as urinary urgency. (medscape.com)
  • Short term administration may accelerate gastric emptying but not necessarily improve symptoms. (bmj.com)
  • Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial colony counts in the ileum usually are less than 1 X 10 8 organisms/mL. (medscape.com)
  • However, 1 X 10 11 organisms/mL of aspirate fluid is diagnostic for bacterial overgrowth syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical manifestations of bacterial overgrowth syndrome stem from the increased bacterial burden on the normal functions of the upper GI system. (medscape.com)
  • Since 35-90 % of ME patients also suffer from IBS, the hypothesis of the upcoming clinical trial is that if IBS can be ameliorated by GutMagnific®, then the ME symptoms could also be improved. (europa.eu)
  • Bacterial overgrowth can cause micronutrient deficiencies that result in various clinical neurological manifestations. (medscape.com)
  • Vital signs and respiratory symptoms were also observed. (researchgate.net)
  • Sometimes, temporary symptoms are one of the signs the probiotics are working, but if you don't start feeling better after a week or so, you may have an underlying digestive issue. (livestrong.com)
  • Gas or gas pains accompanied by other signs or symptoms may indicate more-serious conditions. (stclair.org)
  • Seeing your health care provider can establish the cause and help you learn to identify the signs and symptoms. (drugs.com)
  • The genus Xanthomonas contains a set of diverse bacterial strains, most of which are known for their pathogenicity on annual crops and fruit trees causing economically important plant diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pathogenicity tests showed that the Xanthomonas strains did not induce disease symptoms on their host of isolation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bacterial species usually present include lactobacilli, enterococci, oral streptococci, and other gram-positive aerobic or facultative anaerobes. (medscape.com)
  • If the itching is accompanied by other symptoms such as abnormal bleeding or discharge, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. (articleinsider.com)