• Bacterial effectors are proteins secreted by pathogenic bacteria into the cells of their host, usually using a type 3 secretion system (TTSS/T3SS), a type 4 secretion system (TFSS/T4SS) or a Type VI secretion system (T6SS). (wikipedia.org)
  • Phagocytes recognize bacteria directly [e.g., through the so-called scavenger receptor A which recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ] or indirectly through antibodies (IgG) and complement proteins (C3bi) which coat the bacteria and are recognized by the Fcγ receptors and integrinαmβ2 (complement receptor 3). (wikipedia.org)
  • Research in mice and zebrafish shows how a protein from gut bacteria could drive the development of diabetes, opening up new pathways for treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A new study published in Cell Metabolism shows that a protein called beta cell expansion factor A (BefA) secreted by gut bacteria could induce the replication of insulin-producing beta cells in neonatal mice. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Moreover, the authors had also identified a version of the BefA protein synthesized by gut bacteria in humans that could stimulate the proliferation of beta cells in zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Moreover, although the abundance of most protein groups reflected that of related bacterial populations, we found a specific independent regulation of bacteria-derived cell envelope proteins. (bmj.com)
  • This new study provides direct evidence to suggest that bacteria can secrete proteins that form an amyloid fibril, which enters the host neurons and promotes protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
  • Inhibiting the ability of the bacteria to secrete such proteins may be a preventative treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. (hku.hk)
  • The system involves the study of what are termed autotransporter proteins, which pathogenic bacteria secrete as virulence factors for infection. (anl.gov)
  • Tiny proteins found in the genomes of some types of bacteria are effective weapons against a wide range of other bacteria, opening the door for the development of new therapies in the age of antibiotic resistance, according to new research at the University of Notre Dame. (nd.edu)
  • The team sequenced the genome of a bacterial species isolated from the seed and discovered a portion of one bacteriocin, AS-48, would interact with the membranes of certain types of bacteria like E. coli. (nd.edu)
  • Due to their copy numbers on prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), S-layer proteins are the most abundant class of proteins on earth. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These proteins are present in cells from bacteria to humans. (uni-kiel.de)
  • However, if the researchers added a chemical substance to fluidize the membranes, the bacteria could maintain their shape even without flotillin proteins. (uni-kiel.de)
  • We showed that one common strategy is to bind complement inhibitor C4BP, which leads to decreased opsonisation of bacteria with C3b impairing phagocytosis and allowing bacterial survival. (lu.se)
  • These bacteria use the surface protein Usp2 to capture and incapacitate the major complement factor C3. (lu.se)
  • We have recently discovered that these compounds also completely re-sensitize bacteria to conventional antibiotics and have demonstrated their effectiveness against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains including MRSA. (grantome.com)
  • In bacteria, all nascent proteins bear the pretranslationally formed N-terminal formyl-methionine (fMet) residue. (microbialcell.com)
  • One possibility is that the similarity of the formyl and acetyl groups, their identical locations in N‑terminally formylated (Nt‑formylated) and Nt-acetylated proteins, and the recently discovered proteolytic function of Nt-acetylation in eukaryotes might also signify a proteolytic role of Nt‑formylation in bacteria. (microbialcell.com)
  • They were able to precisely characterize how the MutS2 protein, found in nearly one third of all bacteria species, senses stalled ribosomes. (azolifesciences.com)
  • We thus expect that the understanding of this fundamental process in bacteria will shed light on disease mechanisms in mammals, where failure to degrade unfinished proteins is associated with neurodegeneration and neuromuscular diseases,' adds the researcher. (azolifesciences.com)
  • In rod-shaped bacteria, several protein complexes are regularly positioned along the cell without any known recruitment factor. (mpg.de)
  • However, they suggest that the model's generality means that it is likely applicable to other regularly positioned, yet dynamic, proteins, such as those regulating cell division in rod-shaped bacteria. (mpg.de)
  • Inhibits protein synthesis and, thus, bacterial growth by binding to 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits of susceptible bacteria. (medscape.com)
  • Gram negative microbes are also suspected to deploy bacterial outer membrane vesicles to translocate effector proteins and virulence factors via a membrane vesicle trafficking secretory pathway, in order to modify their environment or attack/invade target cells, for example, at the host-pathogen interface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms. (lu.se)
  • Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms transmembrane pores that permit extracellular calcium influx into the cytosol. (lu.se)
  • My primary research focus is on investigating disordered bacterial virulence factors and their interactions with the host's innate immune system. (lu.se)
  • They correspond to functions allowing opportunistic pathogens to colonise the mucus layers, breach the host barriers and invade the mucosae, which could still be aggravated by decreased host-derived pancreatic zymogen granule membrane protein GP2 in CD patients. (bmj.com)
  • When plants are attacked by bacterial pathogens, a substance called coronatine from these pathogens uses the jasmonic acid system inside the plant cells to suppress the plant's disease response, making the plant more susceptible to disease. (isaaa.org)
  • A Drug Target Protein (DTP) Database has been developed having mainly in silico predicted potential drug target proteins and non human homologous genes in bacterial human pathogens. (scialert.net)
  • Currently 10 bacterial pathogens are considered as initials of the database with their general information (disease caused, common symptoms, available drugs etc). (scialert.net)
  • Unfortunately, seed derived products can become contaminated with bacterial pathogens that were initially present in or on seeds. (canada.ca)
  • In addition, seed powders and protein powders are low-moisture foods and bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella and Bacillus cereus ( B. cereus ) can survive for extended periods of time in these low-moisture products. (canada.ca)
  • Given that many seed derived products are consumed "as is," the presence of bacterial pathogens creates a potential risk for foodborne illnesses. (canada.ca)
  • These proteins are synthesized in the bacterial cytoplasm and cross one membrane into the bacterial periplasm. (anl.gov)
  • Autotransporter proteins then remain in an unfolded state in the periplasm until they pass through the outer bacterial membrane, folding properly along the way. (anl.gov)
  • The study identified the ways in which proteins cross a cell membrane, a finding that could create a scientific foundation for better ways of delivering drugs into cells in the future, or for treating illnesses caused by bacterial toxins. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Until now, the most popular hypothesis was that proteins pass through small holes, known as pores, in the membrane, akin to the Parisian statue, Le Passe-Muraille , of a man passing through a wall. (scitechdaily.com)
  • FtsZ is a cytoskeletal protein that participates in the formation, on the inner side of the cytoplasmic bacterial membrane, of the "septal ring", a protein complex responsible for cell division [1]. (cea.fr)
  • Furthermore, we suggest a new mechanism for force generation in which the orientation and type of monomer attachment to the surface could play an important role in modulating the force exerted by filament aggregates on the bacterial membrane during cell division [5,6]. (cea.fr)
  • Until now, scientists assumed that these flotillins mainly help in the formation of other functional protein complexes and confine highly ordered areas of the cell membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
  • A team of international researchers, including researchers from Kiel University, has now found indications of a possible different function of the flotillins: together with colleagues from the Universities of Groningen (the Netherlands) and Bordeaux (France), among others, the Kiel researchers were able to show that flotillin proteins apparently have a direct influence on the structure of the cell membrane and can make it more fluid under certain conditions. (uni-kiel.de)
  • Until now, researchers assumed that the so-called flotillin proteins serve to contribute to the formation of the necessary functional protein complexes - for example by delimiting certain areas of the membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
  • In addition, the protein machinery that synthesises the cell wall moves dynamically through the cell membrane and this movement is significantly reduced in the absence of the flotillins. (uni-kiel.de)
  • We therefore assume that they take over a physical role in the bacterial membrane," emphasises Abigail Savietto, PhD student in Bramkamp's group at Kiel University. (uni-kiel.de)
  • In further research, the researchers hope to find out what is the exact molecular mechanism between the flotillin proteins and membrane fluidity. (uni-kiel.de)
  • It is possible that the flotillin proteins are able to bind certain phospholipids that reduce fluidity and thus increase the total fluidity of the cell membrane. (uni-kiel.de)
  • It might be possible to use this mechanism, for example to specifically alter the membrane of bacterial cells in such a way that they can be killed more easily with antibiotics," Bramkamp looks ahead. (uni-kiel.de)
  • FtsK is a bifunctional transmembrane protein that coordinates chromosome segregation with its C-terminus (FtsKC) and cell division with its membrane-anchored N-terminal domain (FtsKN). (uoguelph.ca)
  • Drawing on advanced molecular techniques and imaging technologies, this thesis refines the membrane topology of FtsKN using site-directed fluorescence labeling, and elucidates several protein interaction partners that are critical for its role as an essential division checkpoint. (uoguelph.ca)
  • If this was some rare event with trace amounts of membrane proteins sloughing off from one cell onto another, that wouldn't be surprising. (biomedcentral.com)
  • E. Nudleman et al, "Cell-to-cell transfer of bacterial outer membrane lipoproteins," Science 309:125-7, July 1, 2005. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While many proteins can be captured by an existing landmark or by sensing membrane curvature, this is not always the case. (mpg.de)
  • However, such reconstruction studies are frequently hampered by difficulties in preparing membrane-associated proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The synthesized proteins showed polymerization, membrane localization, and eventually membrane deformation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Our cell-free approach provides a platform for studying protein dynamics associated with lipid membrane and paves the way to create a synthetic cell that undergoes self-reproduction. (elsevierpure.com)
  • abstract = "The axial structure of the bacterial flagellum is composed of many different proteins, such as hook protein and flagellin, and each protein forms a short or long axial segment one after another in a well-defined order along the axis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The remarkable hypothesis-that the devastating dementia whose cause and cure has long eluded neuroscientists is caused by a bacterial infection-demands remarkable evidence. (acs.org)
  • In this study we asked the question whether the determination of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL- Ra) was superior to these commonly used markers for the prediction of a serious bacterial infection (SBI). (nih.gov)
  • Compared to commonly used screening methods such as the McCarthy score, leucocyte count and other inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin- receptor antagonist, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein offer a better sensitivity and specificity in predicting serious bacterial infection in children with fever without localising signs. (nih.gov)
  • One such example is diphtheria toxin, which is produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and causes diphtheria, a serious and potentially fatal bacterial infection of the nose and throat. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Because this was derived from a commensal bacterium in a plant source, it may have application as an agricultural product to prevent bacterial infection in plants and crops. (nd.edu)
  • BioID screen for bacterial virulence proteins: new tools for… The discovery of penicillin in the 1920s revolutionized our ability to treat bacterial infection. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Pneumococcal adhesion and infection of A549, BEAS-2B, and primary human bronchial airway cells were assessed by means of quantitative bacterial culture and expressed as colony-forming units (CFU). (cdc.gov)
  • In A549 and BEAS-2B cells MS-WF increased pneumococcal adhesion and infection and PAFR protein expression. (cdc.gov)
  • Importantly, knowledge about host-pathogen protein-protein interactions occurring during the infection cycle and high-resolution structural data on the formed complexes is often a prerequisite for drug and vaccine development. (lu.se)
  • Finally, even within the same bacterial species, different strains often have different repertoires of effectors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The model suggests that simple differences in the impact of antibiotic exposure does not differ according to the natural history of colonization, interhuman contact, and expo- mechanism of resistance and do not consider the particular nat- sure to -lactam antibiotics explain major differences in the epi- ural history of the colonization of the bacterial species. (cdc.gov)
  • 2) acquisition by transformation from other commensal species two bacterial species. (cdc.gov)
  • A new study reports that a protein called beta cell expansion factor A (BefA) secreted by certain gut bacterial species could induce the proliferation of beta cells in young mice and zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Many proteins, largely derived from Bacteroides species, were over-represented, while under-represented proteins were mostly from Firmicutes and some Prevotella members. (bmj.com)
  • We will provide the very first characterization of a two-domain response regulator in solution (Spo0A) and elucidate the structure, dynamics, interactions and recognition determinants of multiple proteins from a complex phosphorelay that controls biofilm development in all human pathogenic Vibrio species. (grantome.com)
  • These results suggest that a trace amount of HAP induces bacterial cell death and the death is related with reactive oxygen species (ROS). (bvsalud.org)
  • In the current study, the group developed a tgl mutant that also lacked A motility, making it completely immobile, and engineered either donor or recipient cells to express green fluorescent protein in their cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we build large, intact carboxysome shells (over 90 nm in diameter) in the industrial microorganism Escherichia coli by expressing a set of carboxysome protein-encoding genes. (nature.com)
  • To address this problem, the research team screened for bacterial E. coli genes whose deletion alleviates the PD symptoms in an animal model of PD. (hku.hk)
  • Hypothesis: Amyloid-forming biofilm proteins of Escherichia coli, namely CsgA and CsgB, can form self-assembled nanofibers on solid surfaces. (bilkent.edu.tr)
  • We addressed this hypothesis about fMet‑based degradation signals, termed fMet/N-degrons, using specific E. coli mutants, pulse-chase degradation assays, and protein reporters whose deformylation was altered, through site-directed mutagenesis, to be either rapid or relatively slow. (microbialcell.com)
  • The authors use the model to explain the observed self-organisation of Escherichia coli SMC, an essential protein involved in DNA organisation that is found in all domains of life. (mpg.de)
  • Effector proteins may have many different activities, but usually help the pathogen to invade host tissue, suppress its immune system, or otherwise help the pathogen to survive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once a pathogen genome has been sequenced, effectors can be predicted based on protein sequence similarity, but such predictions are not always precise. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the bacterial pathogen tries to trick the plant, the Feronia protein sees through the ploy and counteracts the pathogen. (isaaa.org)
  • Identification and description of host-pathogen protein-protein interaction interfaces as potential sites for therapeutic intervention and drug development will have an important role in combatting pathogen mediated diseases. (lu.se)
  • Two of these genes code for proteins that form curli, one type of bacterial amyloid fibers. (hku.hk)
  • The researchers then showed that bacterial curli enters the neurons to cross-seed the human amyloid α-synuclein and promote its aggregation, which leads to proteotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal death. (hku.hk)
  • In this review, we assess the potential role of putative gut microbiota products in the etiopathogeny of Parkinson's disease, with a special emphasis on functional bacterial amyloid proteins, bacterial biosurfactants, endotoxins and short-chain fatty acids. (techscience.com)
  • While working on the team's other projects, Sahni noticed that some fragments of proteins, known as peptides, cross membranes by pushing against them. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The team witnessed the budding-and-collapse in live cells through confocal microscopy, an imaging technique that allowed them to focus in on what was happening inside the cells, and on the cell membranes, with these specific proteins. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Various proteins are necessary for the formation of the cell membranes and to equip them with their functions. (uni-kiel.de)
  • Apparently, they regulate the fluidity of bacterial membranes, making them more fluid to a certain extent and thus, changing their properties," emphasises Bramkamp. (uni-kiel.de)
  • The new hypothesis of the Kiel research team thus also holds promising perspectives for application: in the future, it might be possible to specifically influence the physical properties of bacterial cell membranes by disrupting the flotillin function. (uni-kiel.de)
  • These toxins inhibit the release of neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex proteins in nerve cells, which prevents the fusion of neurotransmitter containing vesicles to cell membranes 2 . (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, protein synthesis by the cytosolic ribosomes of eukaryotes does not involve the formylation of N-terminal Met. (microbialcell.com)
  • We suggest that the faster emergence of nascent proteins from bacterial ribosomes is one mechanistic and evolutionary reason for the pretranslational design of bacterial fMet/N‑degrons, in contrast to the cotranslational design of analogous Ac/N‑degrons in eukaryotes. (microbialcell.com)
  • Bearing the genetic information for a specific protein, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and is transported to the ribosomes, where its information is converted into proteins. (azolifesciences.com)
  • That is why cells have developed mechanisms that detect stalled ribosomes and mark the incomplete proteins for destruction while still in their birthplace, the ribosome. (azolifesciences.com)
  • Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lincosamide agent that inhibits bacterial growth, possibly by blocking dissociation of peptidyl t-RNA from ribosomes, causing RNA-dependent protein synthesis to arrest. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, the Shigella effectors IpgD and OspG (a homolog of NleH) block apoptosis, the former by phosphorylating and stabilizing the double minute 2 protein (MDM2) which in turn leads to a block of NF-kB-induced apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mammalian apoptosis-inducing protein, HAP, induces bacterial cell death. (bvsalud.org)
  • In attempting to produce the HAP, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeted apoptosis -inducing protein , as a GST-fusion protein we found that the expression of HAP, but not GST alone, induced bacterial cell death . (bvsalud.org)
  • The study's authors had previously identified such a protein, called BefA, secreted by gut microbes that could stimulate the proliferation of beta cells in zebrafish. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Cultured bacterial and fungal cells are first lysed using glass bead tubes, and nucleic acids and proteins are solubilized and mixed with a binding solution. (qiagen.com)
  • The research group has focused on the protein Feronia, a receptor kinase protein found in plant cells. (isaaa.org)
  • And it is also how bacterial toxins enter human cells and wreak havoc. (scitechdaily.com)
  • But the mechanics of how these proteins enter human cells were a scientific mystery. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Pei's research team at Ohio State has spent years trying to understand how biomolecules such as bacterial toxins get inside a human cell, with the goal of finding ways to get medications into those cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil, partnering with colleagues in Australia, have identified a novel bacterial protein that can keep human cells healthy even when the cells have a heavy bacterial burden. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The researchers analyzed more than 130 proteins released by Coxiella burnetii when this bacterium invades host cells, and found at least one to be capable of prolonging cell longevity by acting directly on mitochondria. (technologynetworks.com)
  • After invading host cells, C. burnetii releases a hitherto unknown protein, which the authors call mitochondrial coxiella effector F (MceF). (technologynetworks.com)
  • Reallocation of these proteins in cellular mitochondria enables mammalian cells to live longer even when they're infected with a very large bacterial burden," said Dario Zamboni, one of the corresponding authors of the article and a professor at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School (FMRP-USP). (technologynetworks.com)
  • Massive-scale transient expression in Chinese language Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells offers a fast protein manufacturing methodology with a possible start-to-end alignment benefit for biotherapeutics drug discovery. (molvisindex.org)
  • This barrier is not static, but has to allow transport of substances in and out and be flexible so that the bacterial cells can grow. (uni-kiel.de)
  • In order to implement these properties, different types of proteins are active in cells, including the so-called flotillins. (uni-kiel.de)
  • Following initial formation and stabilization of the Z-ring, cells must complete segregation of the bacterial chromosome and remodel the cell envelope to allow septum formation. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor on target cells and is the immunodominant target of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) identified from convalescent and postvaccination plasma 3 . (nature.com)
  • Immunoblots revealed CglB mutants recovered the protein after contact with wild-type cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increased expression of specific heat shock proteins (HSPs) in CD patients protects intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from death. (dal.ca)
  • Excerpt: While we find examples of similarity between eukaryotic mitochondria and bacterial cells, other cases also reveal stark differences. (blogspot.com)
  • As a molecular machine found in the cells of all organisms, the ribosome is responsible for making new proteins. (azolifesciences.com)
  • Various sticky proteins are present on the surface of cells, to form tight interactions with neighbouring cells and prevent leak across the blood vessel. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Cells lining the blood vessel in the lung were treated with the bacterial protein, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (atlasofscience.org)
  • The transmission electron microscopic examination revealed that the morphology of the bacterial cells expressing hap was changed dramatically unusually elongated phenotype compared with those of controls and finally leading to cell death . (bvsalud.org)
  • Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology in Marburg have proposed a novel physical model for how such dynamic proteins can self-organise and position themselves into regular repeating patterns inside bacterial cells. (mpg.de)
  • Recently, efforts have been made to reconstruct it using the individual component proteins to obtain a better understanding of the process of self-reproduction of cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The estimated residual risk of contamination of blood products with bacterial agents is 1 in 5,000 for platelets and 1 in 30,000 for red blood cells. (medscape.com)
  • It was noted by the authors that this method was free from interferences from proteins and bacterial cells so it might have applicability to biological fluids such as blood or urine. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we demonstrated that constitutively expressed fluorescent proteins can be used to track the growth of individual strains in different liquid media. (biorxiv.org)
  • Furthermore, we were able to track the growth of two different strains simultaneously by using fluorescent proteins with differential excitation and emission wavelengths. (biorxiv.org)
  • By adopting this approach, it is possible to measure growth of several bacterial strains simultaneously in high temporal resolution and in a high throughput manner. (biorxiv.org)
  • We will develop further analogues of our compounds and will detail their effects, as adjuvant therapies, on the performance of many current antibiotics against multiple bacterial strains. (grantome.com)
  • This is thought to make globular proteins stable and soluble in the watery environment of the cell. (anl.gov)
  • Biochemical fractionation showed that IglA is a soluble cytoplasmic protein and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that it interacts with the downstream-encoded IglB. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tarazona,P. and Vélez, M. "Depolymerization dynamics of individual filaments of bacterial cytoskeletal protein FtsZ" PNAS 109 8133‐8138. (cea.fr)
  • For a number of reasons, this process can fail, leaving the ribosome stalled on the mRNA and bringing synthesis of the protein to a halt. (azolifesciences.com)
  • On the other hand, MutS2 separates the ribosome into its two subunits, so that it can be recycled for later rounds of protein synthesis. (azolifesciences.com)
  • they inhibit bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, suppressing RNA synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome, they inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Carbohydrate - protein inte ractions in nature are often mediated via multivalent binding where the combined strength of multiple receptor - ligand interactions results in a binding that is highly specific and strong. (avhandlingar.se)
  • This is important to investigate bacterial interactions such as competition and facilitation. (biorxiv.org)
  • In this capacity, we hypothesize that FtsK must modulate septum formation during division through the formation of dynamic and essential protein interactions with both the Z-ring and late stage division machinery. (uoguelph.ca)
  • We therefore studied self and cross-association between hook protein, flagellin and three hook-associated proteins, HAP1, HAP2 and HAP3, in all possible pairs, by gel-filtration and analytical centrifugation, and found interactions in the following two cases only. (elsevierpure.com)
  • An important concept in the evaluation of data regarding transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections (TTBIs) is the definition of a case. (medscape.com)
  • We will perform detailed comparative studies on three structurally homologous TSRs (AbrB, Abh and SpoVT) to better understand how DNA targets are recognized by this new class of proteins. (grantome.com)
  • Therefore, -lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin G, bind to PBPs in better understanding of S. pneumoniae resistance selection and the bacterial cell wall. (cdc.gov)
  • Bacterial microcompartments are a class of proteinaceous organelles comprising a characteristic protein shell enclosing a set of enzymes. (northwestern.edu)
  • In this thesis we have produced proteins that are densely decorated with carbohydrate determinants in order to study the glycosylation capacity of cell lines (paper I) and generate efficient binders of antibodies (paper II), bacterial toxins (paper III) and virus receptors such as the influenza hemagglutinin (paper IV). (avhandlingar.se)
  • In the current study, the researchers examined whether the BefA protein performed a similar function in mice. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This highly specialized protein folding process has attracted the attention of a team of researchers who have used this bacterial system as a model to determine what allows these unique proteins to maintain their disordered state in the periplasm. (anl.gov)
  • However, previous work by this team of researchers from the University of Notre Dame and The University of Chicago has shown that, contrary to popular belief, intrinsically disordered proteins, which sample a variety of conformational forms the way the autotransporter proteins do, can remain quite extended in water even if they have high ratios of hydrophobic to charged amino acids. (anl.gov)
  • Researchers describes a hitherto unknown protein with anti-oxidizing properties secreted by Coxiella burnetii. (technologynetworks.com)
  • April 11, 2023 - Researchers developed a protein delivery system that can be customized to target specific human cell types. (nih.gov)
  • The course will be of interest to undergraduates, post-graduates, researchers, bioinformaticians, biomedical researchers, microbiologists, healthcare professionals and all those who are interested in learning about the underlying mechanisms of bacterial disease, DNA sequences and protein data, or how to use online analytical tools to probe genomes. (mooc.es)
  • We describe a mathematical model of the emergence and diffusion of bacterial resistance in the community. (cdc.gov)
  • ii) two-component signaling proteins;and (iii) small molecules that overcome the bacterial stress response, including biofilm formation. (grantome.com)
  • In order to better define anti-microbial therapeutic targets, we will elucidate the mechanism of action for protein signaling cascades involved in the transition state and in biofilm formation. (grantome.com)
  • Findings: CsgA protein polymers and CsgB-added CsgA polymers form densely packed biofilm on gold surfaces, whereas CsgB polymers and CsgA-added CsgB polymers form biofilms with high water-holding capacity according to the dissipation data. (bilkent.edu.tr)
  • A Salmonella enterica flagellar protein FlgJ is believed to consist of two functional domains, the N-terminal half acting as a scaffold or cap essential for rod assembly and the C-terminal half acting as a PG hydrolase (PGase) that makes a hole in the PG layer to facilitate rod penetration. (elsevierpure.com)
  • From a genome-wide screen, Dr Zheng's team identified 38 bacterial genes that can promote neurodegeneration in the animal host. (hku.hk)
  • The results of this study demonstrate that IglA and IglB are interacting cytoplasmic proteins that are required for intramacrophage growth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Under physiological conditions, most of these proteins are stable in the monomeric state in solution, and spontaneous polymerization appears to be suppressed, as demonstrated clearly for flagellin, probably to avoid undesirable self-assembly in the cytoplasmic space. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The light chain is a zinc-metalloprotease which is responsible for the cleavage of three SNARE complex proteins including SNAP-25 (Synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa), synaptobrevin-2 (also termed VAMP-2) and syntaxin. (cdc.gov)
  • Bacterial flagellar rod structure is built across the peptidoglycan (PG) layer. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We designed a protein biosensor that uses thermodynamic coupling for sensitive and rapid detection of neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in serum. (nature.com)
  • In these recent studies, we proposed that different Rab proteins regulate the recycling of VE-cadherin to the cell surface, and thus regulate barrier strength of blood vessels in the lung. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Here we explore the feasibility of extracting bacterial protein signals relevant to CD, by interrogating myriads of intestinal bacterial proteomes from a small number of patients and healthy controls. (bmj.com)
  • Results Our 2D-DIGE-based discovery approach revealed an imbalance of intestinal bacterial functions in CD. (bmj.com)
  • Easy-to-use AllPrep Bacterial/Fungal DNA/RNA/Protein Kits isolate total nucleic acids and cellular proteins from Gram (+/-) bacterial cultures and fungal cell cultures. (qiagen.com)
  • For example, movement to the lysosome, the cellular localisation for proteins to be degraded, is dictated by Rab7 and Rab9. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Many cellular processes require proteins to be precisely positioned within the cell. (mpg.de)
  • This is the case even when the proteins are dynamic and cannot rely on existing cellular landmarks. (mpg.de)
  • Moreover, "in the future, I would like to know if the donor cell activates expression of the gene encoding the donated protein," Hartzell told The Scientist . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The HAP protein inhibited the bacterial growth within 30 min after inducting HAP expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • PAFR protein levels were assessed by using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, and PAFR mRNA expression was assessed by using quantitative PCR. (cdc.gov)
  • Two of these proteins, rare lipoprotein A (RlpA) and FtsA, were confirmed as direct FtsKN protein interactors by in vitro pull-down assays. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The team subsequently observed that two structurally different bacterial toxins also employed this same mechanism. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Reference: "Bacterial Toxins Escape the Endosome by Inducing Vesicle Budding and Collapse" by Ashweta Sahni and Dehua Pei, 23 September 2021, ACS Chemical Biology . (scitechdaily.com)
  • Use bioinformatics to probe genomes, to explore and represent DNA and protein sequences. (mooc.es)
  • The opportunity to use online computational tools in the context of bacterial genomes will also be of interest to teachers and their 16-18-year-old science and computing students. (mooc.es)
  • Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that quantifiable bacterial protein signals are associated with CD, which can have a profound impact on future molecular diagnosis. (bmj.com)
  • The possible roles of molecular hydrogen, a common by-product of bacterial fermentation, are also addressed. (techscience.com)
  • And while information flow is often associated with the DNA macromolecule, there are less celebrated but ubiquitous armies of molecular machines that are busy attaching, modifying and removing small chemical tags to and from both DNA and proteins. (blogspot.com)
  • An international research team led by scientists from the Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) has now identified a bacterial protein called MutS2 that senses and rescues these stuck protein factories. (azolifesciences.com)
  • Their rise in popularity is attributable to the perceived health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, proteins and fibers contained in these tiny seeds (chia, flax, alfalfa, hemp, etc. (canada.ca)
  • Conversely, movement to recycling endosome, where proteins are trafficked to the cell surface, is dependent on Rab4. (atlasofscience.org)
  • This finding suggests that spacing of hydrophobic amino acids must be under selective pressure in bacterial proteins to facilitate their virulence functions. (anl.gov)
  • The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. (bvsalud.org)
  • The naturally designed architecture, semi-permeability, and catalytic improvement of carboxysomes have inspired rational design and engineering of new nanomaterials to incorporate desired enzymes into the protein shell for enhanced catalytic performance. (nature.com)
  • Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC - MS) revealed that the O - glycosylation was more abundant and complex than previously reported which may limit their use for the production of therapeutic proteins. (avhandlingar.se)
  • High temperature protein G (HtpG), a gene encoding a bacterial HSP, is less abundant in pediatric CD patients than in healthy individuals. (dal.ca)
  • Bacterial growth is classically assessed by measuring the increase in optical density of pure cultures in shaken liquid media. (biorxiv.org)
  • This allowed us to assess bacterial growth not only in pure cultures, but also in mixed bacterial cultures and determine the impact of competitors on a focal strain, thereby assessing relative fitness. (biorxiv.org)
  • Includes freeze dried bacterial cultures, experiment kits, and products for growing microorganisms. (fishersci.com)
  • The work now presented by Professor Marc Bramkamp's Microbial Biochemistry and Cell Biology group at the Institute of General Microbiology at Kiel University contradicts this view: "Together with a group of international colleagues, we have found evidence that the flotillin proteins have a completely different function. (uni-kiel.de)
  • Targeting curli production in the gut may represent a general therapeutic approach to prevent or slow down the progression of protein aggregation diseases. (hku.hk)
  • Effector proteins are usually critical for virulence. (wikipedia.org)
  • More importantly, it is difficult to prove experimentally that a predicted effector is actually secreted into a host cell because the amount of each effector protein is tiny. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yersinia inhibits phagocytosis through the concerted actions of several effector proteins, including YopE which acts as a RhoGAP and inhibits Rac-dependent actin polymerization. (wikipedia.org)
  • Actively concerned in tumor upkeep, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) has been proposed as a putative biomarker in most cancers. (molvisindex.org)
  • This study highlights the use of two strategies to engineer microcompartments to control metabolite transport: altering the existing shell protein pore via mutation of the pore-lining residues, and generating chimeras using shell proteins with the desired pores. (northwestern.edu)
  • At the same time, the so-called ribosome-associated protein quality control marks the unfinished protein for destruction,' explains Dr Pfeffer. (azolifesciences.com)
  • Understanding the mechanisms underlying the actions of BefA protein could help develop therapies to stimulate beta cell proliferation in individuals with diabetes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Murray, S.M. & Sourjik, V. (2017) Self-organization and positioning of bacterial protein clusters. (mpg.de)
  • Bacterial curli promotes the aggregation of α-synuclein through cross-seeding, which leads to mitochondrial stress and neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
  • Despite the emerging idea of "microbiota-gut-brain" link, little is known about the bacterial molecules that modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
  • He plans to move on to study other bacterial molecules identified from the screen and investigate how they affect host neurodegeneration. (hku.hk)
  • We will also study the newly discovered protein AbbA which may influence the transition state by a completely novel mechanism. (grantome.com)
  • In essence, the mechanism allows proteins to sense the nucleoid length and position themselves appropriately. (mpg.de)
  • In other words, the BefA proteins secreted by gut microbes in humans and zebrafish share a similar structure and function. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • We found that its protein MceF redirects GPX4 to the mitochondria, where it acts as a potent anti-oxidant, detoxifying the infected cell and preventing cell components from aging, while allowing replication of the bacterium," said Robson Kriiger Loterio, first author of the article, which derived from his PhD research. (technologynetworks.com)