• Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • bacteria: The colony diameter is 5 cm and the colors indicate the bacterial density (bright yellow for high density). (wikipedia.org)
  • Correct identification of these unknown pathogenic bacteria is crucial in determining the appropriate type of antibiotic therapy that is necessary to eliminate bacterial infections when they occur. (nmmra.org)
  • The bacterial cell wall is critical to the survival of bacteria, and its arrangement helps to differentiate bacteria into either Gram-positive or Gram-negative groupings, depending on the reaction of the cells to the Gram stain. (nmmra.org)
  • Further experiments showed that compared to bacteria grown in liquid culture, bacterial cells in the resistant colonies had often acquired multiple spacers and were able to fight off phages with other mutations ( Figure 1 , right). (elifesciences.org)
  • This enhanced conjugation was further replicated with a different bacterial species- Sinorhizobium meliloti, as the pSC5-carrying donor, suggesting that this mechanism can be used with different bacteria. (eurekalert.org)
  • Bacterial chemotaxis is where bacteria can direct their movements according to the chemical changes in their environment. (ucsb.edu)
  • Bacteria occupy the Domain Bacteria and are Prokaryotic organisms, meaning they lack specialized organelles and nucleus. (wikibooks.org)
  • In addition, there are bacterial species that can infect people and cause disease, and there are bacteria that can produce natural products capable of healing people. (jove.com)
  • Gepotidacin (GlaxoSmithKline) is another bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitor with good in vitro activity against a wide range of drug-resistant bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae , and N gonorrhoeae . (medscape.com)
  • The exponentially increasing number of sequenced genomes necessitates fast, accurate, universally applicable and automated approaches for the delineation of prokaryotic species. (nature.com)
  • An overview of prokaryotic transcription factors : a summary of function and occurrence in bacterial genomes. (nih.gov)
  • It comprises 622 prokaryotic species derived from 7,535 metagenome-assembled genomes and 251 isolate genomes. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Methylome analysis has also shown that orphan DNA methyltransferases are abundant in bacterial genomes. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • We describe an application of de Bruijn graphs to analyze the global repeat structure of prokaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further, we demonstrate that the majority of genes in prokaryotic genomes can be reconstructed uniquely using very short reads even if the genomes themselves cannot. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It contains one of the smallest prokaryotic genomes consisting of about 1000 kilobase pairs. (cdc.gov)
  • This sequence is conserved across all bacterial species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microbial ecosystems such as biological wastewater treatment plants and the human gastrointestinal tract are home to a vast diversity of bacterial species. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The insights from the group of FNR-ATTRACT fellow Prof. Paul Wilmes are also of medical importance: When microbial communities come out of balance in the course of disease, a positive health effect may be achieved by supporting keystone bacterial species in a targeted fashion. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This tells us what substances can be produced by the community in general, what genes exist in multiple copies in different bacterial species and in what quantities certain proteins are produced. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Each bacterial species displays a specific morphology which is determined by its cell wall and cytoskeleton. (nmmra.org)
  • Plasmid delivery through conjugation between bacterial species has proven effective in creating novel antimicrobial agents, targeting specific genes to eliminate or suppress pathogens. (eurekalert.org)
  • The collection includes 174 newly identified bacterial species and 12 newly identified bacterial genera-including one associated with skin, Candidatus pellibacterium . (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Bacterial species can also be motile and employ various means to accomplish this such as flagella. (wikibooks.org)
  • We have 2 immediate openings for persons with strong backgrounds bacterial genetics or molecular biology/ biochemistry * The first project is in bacterial pathogenesis, specifically the investigation of complement-mediated bacterial killing. (bio.net)
  • This position requires a person with strong background in bacterial genetics (specifically Gram- negatives). (bio.net)
  • Scientists have now succeeded for the first time in determining key functional genes and the organisms encoding these in such ecological systems, working from extensive data of bacterial genetics and bacterial metabolism. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Scientists of the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) and the Life Science Research Unit (LSRU) of the University of Luxembourg, in collaboration with US researchers, have now succeeded for the first time in determining key functional genes and the organisms encoding these in such ecological systems, working from extensive data of bacterial genetics and bacterial metabolism. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As a postdoc, Casadesús received training in molecular biology at the University of Sussex (Falmer, England) working with Ray Dixon, and in bacterial genetics at the University of Utah (Salt Lake City, USA) working with John Roth. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • For a researcher armed with the powerful tools of genetics and molecular biology, the simple bacterial cells provide great experimental systems for investigating fundamental functions of a living cell. (lu.se)
  • Ribosomes are made mostly of rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid), and bacterial cells contain more than 50 associated proteins, whereas plant and animal cells contain 80 associated proteins. (visiblebody.com)
  • In this review, we assess the potential role of putative gut microbiota products in the etiopathogeny of Parkinson's disease, with a special emphasis on functional bacterial amyloid proteins, bacterial biosurfactants, endotoxins and short-chain fatty acids. (techscience.com)
  • one includes eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins, and the other, only bacterial homologues. (tcdb.org)
  • Processes like these have evolved from common ancestors of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and it becomes increasingly clear that the bacterial versions of these basic cell functions use similar ancestral molecules, for example cytoskeletal proteins, as those used in animal and plant cells. (lu.se)
  • The course includes following subjects: Structure and characteristic properties of prokaryotic microorganisms, i.e. (ntnu.edu)
  • The phylogeny, classification, and diversity of prokaryotic microorganisms. (lu.se)
  • They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this module you will learn about the molecular and cellular biology of the key pathogens (viral, prokaryotic and eukaryotic) which currently threaten human populations, and the mechanisms that account for the pathogenesis of many of these diseases. (le.ac.uk)
  • The family Anaplasmataceae include bacterial pathogens that cause a number of diseases in humans and animals. (usda.gov)
  • With few exceptions, iron is an essential and limiting nutrient for bacterial pathogens and their hosts. (usda.gov)
  • are obligate intracellular, tick-borne,bacterial pathogens that cause bovine and human anaplasmosis. (usda.gov)
  • Because of the alarming and rising problems with antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens, there is an urgent need to rapidly develop new types of antibiotics and other anti-bacterial agents. (lu.se)
  • This presentation will also address biosafety and other considerations when identifying bacterial select agents and toxins using Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). (cdc.gov)
  • One week gives an introduction to medical microbiology, including bacterial toxins, antibiotics and resistance. (lu.se)
  • My lab investigates non mutational mechanisms that generate phenotypic lineages in bacterial populations. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • We are also interested in DNA methylation-independent switches that generate bacterial subpopulations resistant to bile salts, antibiotics, and other antibacterial agents. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • One may thus suspect that the known roles of DNA methylation in the prokaryotic world are just the tip of an intriguing iceberg. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • When I started working on transcriptional control by bacterial DNA methylation, the field was very small, and the few labs interested in bacterial epigenetics formed a little club. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • The Zeocin™ resistance gene is a small gene (Furthermore, all Dam methylation sites (GATC) have been removed to prevent prokaryotic methylation. (invivogen.com)
  • Plasmid persistence in bacterial populations is strongly influenced by the fitness effects associated with plasmid carriage. (nature.com)
  • These fitness costs make it difficult to explain how plasmids are maintained in bacterial populations over the long-term in the absence of selection for plasmid-encoded traits, a puzzle known as "the plasmid-paradox" 10 . (nature.com)
  • To fully understand plasmid persistence in natural bacterial populations, it will be necessary to address these limitations. (nature.com)
  • Phage populations, however, can also adapt and evade bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems. (elifesciences.org)
  • The A and B clones of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stric- maintenance of these clonal complexes in natural bacterial to, distinguished by outer surface protein C ( ospC ) gene populations ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Ixodes ricinus ticks ( 11 ) and is carried by a large variety of ize genetic variations of natural populations of a bacterial hosts, including birds and small- to medium-sized mam- pathogen ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In fact, many prokaryotic genes occur in operons, which are a series of genes that work together to code for the same protein or gene product and are controlled by a single promoter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of the most clinically relevant resistance genes, such those encoding carbapenemases (ß-lactamase enzymes able to degrade carbapenem antibiotics), are carried on conjugative plasmids that spread across high-risk bacterial clones 5 , 6 . (nature.com)
  • To resolve phylogenetic relationships among ries of bacterial clonal complexes by using concatenated isolates, we sequenced 68 isolates from Europe and North sequences of housekeeping genes when within-loci and America at 1 chromosomal locus (16S-23S ribosomal RNA between-loci recombinations are infrequent ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • riboSeed: leveraging prokaryotic genomic architecture to assemble across ribosomal regions. (cdc.gov)
  • Solithromycin targets three prokaryotic ribosomal sites. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, genomic results showed a link between pOXA-48_K8 fitness effects and bacterial phylogeny, helping to explain plasmid epidemiology. (nature.com)
  • Prokaryotic DNA Replication is the process by which a prokaryote duplicates its DNA into another copy that is passed on to daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • And so this requires the bacterial cells to have a protective layer that surrounds the cell. (pearson.com)
  • And so this is why most bacterial cells have a cell wall and a cell wall can be defined as a semi rigid structural layer located on the outside of the membrane located on the outside of the cell membrane. (pearson.com)
  • A second difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is thier size. (enotes.com)
  • Instead of going through elaborate replication processes like eukaryotes (mitosis and meiosis), bacterial cells divide by binary fission. (enotes.com)
  • Other distinguishing bacterial characteristics include hemolysis patterns (i. e. , ability to break down red blood cells) and ability to ferment lactose (i. e. , the ability to use lactose as an alternative source of energy under anaerobic conditions). (nmmra.org)
  • Liquid media is usually reserved for situations where large volumes of cells are needed for bacterial identification. (nmmra.org)
  • When growing in a liquid environment (left), individual bacterial cells usually acquire a single spacer that targets just one region of the wild-type (WT) phage (shown in grey). (elifesciences.org)
  • In order to stay protected, some bacterial cells within the colony acquire multiple spacers (multi-colored bacterial cells) and can fight off various mutant phages. (elifesciences.org)
  • Pyenson and Marraffini hypothesized that this is because bacterial cells move more freely when in this environment and are thus able to work together to defend themselves ( Figure 1 , left). (elifesciences.org)
  • The kinetochore in every eukaryotic cell on Earth has a complex structure, while prokaryotic cells don't have a kinetochore. (uu.nl)
  • We are also applying advanced microscopy, which in recent years has revolutionized the understanding of prokaryotic cells and visualized the remarkable degree of three-dimensional organization, complexity, and beauty of these deceivingly simple organisms. (lu.se)
  • Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
  • They also found that bacterial TFs linger too briefly for TFs' binding characteristics to explain the sustained transcription of bursts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial transcription differs from eukaryotic transcription in several ways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The MARs are placed between the bacterial and mammalian transcription units. (invivogen.com)
  • The bacterial chemotaxis system in Escherichia coli is one of the most understood signal transduction pathways in prokaryotic organisms. (ucsb.edu)
  • The name Mycoplasma refers to the plasticity of the bacterial forms resembling fungal elements. (medscape.com)
  • These examples do not necessarily replicate plasmid fitness effects in natural bacterial hosts, which remain largely unexplored. (nature.com)
  • It encodes an extremely large virion-associated RNA polymerase unique for bacterial viruses that became characteristic for this group. (mdpi.com)
  • However, plasmid fitness effects in wild-type bacterial hosts remain largely unexplored. (nature.com)
  • Our results show that although pOXA-48_K8 produced an overall reduction in bacterial fitness, it produced small effects in most bacterial hosts, and even beneficial effects in several isolates. (nature.com)
  • In this study, we provide a detailed characterisation of the distribution of plasmid fitness effects in wild-type bacterial hosts. (nature.com)
  • There is only one type of bacterial RNA polymerase whereas eukaryotes have 3 types. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial photosynthesis. (lu.se)
  • Bacterial RNA polymerase is made up of four subunits and when a fifth subunit attaches, called the σ-factor, the polymerase can recognize specific binding sequences in the DNA, called promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial can also be identified by their response to differential staining, their growth rates in different selective media, serological methods that rely upon antibodies for bacterial identification, and gene sequencing. (nmmra.org)
  • Bacterial origins regulate orisome assembly, a nuclei-protein complex assembled on the origin responsible for unwinding the origin and loading all the replication machinery. (wikipedia.org)
  • In E. coli, the direction for orisome assembly are built into a short stretch of nucleotide sequence called as origin of replication (oriC) which contains multiple binding sites for the initiator protein DnaA (a highly homologous protein amongst bacterial kingdom). (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a critical component of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cellular functions and is indispensable for nucleic acid synthesis, protein production, and energy generation. (usda.gov)
  • To create our novel plasmids, we built derivatives of the conjugative plasmid, pTA-Mob 2.0, using designed gene deletions and cluster mutations to improve bacterial conjugation with yeasts ," explained Dr. Bogumil J. Karas, Assistant Professor at University of Western Ontario and corresponding author of the study that was published in Volume 2022 of BioDesign Research on 1 September 2022 . (eurekalert.org)
  • Incorporating our fitness results into a simple population dynamics model revealed a new set of conditions for plasmid stability in bacterial communities, with plasmid persistence increasing with bacterial diversity and becoming less dependent on conjugation. (nature.com)
  • In the published work, the authors combined bacterial cultivation and metagenomic sequencing to create the Skin Microbial Genome Collection (SMGC). (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Solid growth media, such as agar plates, are used to isolate pure cultures of a single bacterial strain when the unknown sample contains multiple strains. (nmmra.org)
  • The combined use of the bacterial genotyping technique, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and characterization of the mobile methicillin-resistance determinant, staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec), has provided new insights into MRSA strain nomenclature, evolution, and epidemiology. (cdc.gov)
  • The bacterial homologue, NptA of V. cholerae has 10 putative TMSs. (tcdb.org)
  • And so it's important to note that the water pressure on the inside of a bacterial cell is typically higher than its surroundings. (pearson.com)
  • Typically, actinomycetes are approximately 10% of the total bacterial population. (jove.com)
  • in this video, we're going to begin our introduction to bacterial cell walls. (pearson.com)
  • Uh But for now, this here concludes our brief introduction to bacterial cell walls and I'll see you all in our next video. (pearson.com)
  • EM2K is a CpG-free version of the bacterial EM7 promoter. (invivogen.com)
  • This methodology utilizes agar as a medium for bacterial growth, a process termed, "culturable technology. (jove.com)
  • One of our projects aims at investigating bacterial cell division as an antibiotic target. (lu.se)
  • The Achaogen empowers their postdocs to make influential discoveries that result in high-impact publications and contribute to the overall goal of developing new medicines to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • The possible roles of molecular hydrogen, a common by-product of bacterial fermentation, are also addressed. (techscience.com)
  • The structure and function of the prokaryotic cell is discussed in detail. (lu.se)