• The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated. (wikipedia.org)
  • To ensure complete and accurate duplication of the entire genome and the correct flow of genetic information to progeny cells, all DNA replication events are not only tightly regulated with cell cycle cues but are also coordinated with other cellular events such as transcription and DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genome atlases allowed for distinguishing distinct DNA structures and highlighted suspicious high transcription zones. (mdpi.com)
  • Once bound to replicators, initiators (often with the help of co-loader proteins) deposit replicative helicases onto DNA, which subsequently drive the recruitment of additional replisome components and the assembly of the entire replication machinery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concept of the replicator as a genetic entity has proven very useful in the quest to identify replicator DNA sequences and initiator proteins in prokaryotes, and to some extent also in eukaryotes, although the organization and complexity of replicators differ considerably between the domains of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromosome replication is triggered when a nucleoprotein complex, termed the orisome, assembles, unwinds the duplex DNA, and recruits the proteins required to establish new replication forks. (mdpi.com)
  • During initiation, the replication machineries - termed replisomes - are assembled on DNA in a bidirectional fashion. (wikipedia.org)
  • The replicator thereby specifies the location of replication initiation events, and the chromosome region that is replicated from a single origin or initiation event is defined as the replicon. (wikipedia.org)
  • Obviously, the initiation of chromosome replication is essential to bacterial reproduction, but this process is not inhibited by any of the currently-used antimicrobial agents. (mdpi.com)
  • Translation initiation factor 1A / IF-1 [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Translation initiation factor SUI1 [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • All bacterial cells must duplicate their genomes prior to dividing into two identical daughter cells. (mdpi.com)
  • In a comparisonof the first two bacterial genomes sequenced, Mushegian and Kooninprojected that the 256 orthologous genes shared by the Gram negativeHaemophilus influenzae and the Gram positive M. genitalium genomes area close approximation of a minimal gene set for bacterial life(2). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • proposed a 206 protein-coding gene core of aminimal bacterial gene set based on analysis of several free-living andendosymbiotic bacterial genomes (3). (fullblog.com.ar)
  • They sequencedamplicons from inverse PCRs using that DNA as a template to identifythe transposon insertion sites in the mycoplasma genomes. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • In the elongation phase, replisomes travel in opposite directions with the replication forks, unwinding the DNA helix and synthesizing complementary daughter DNA strands using both parental strands as templates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Synthesis of daughter strands starts at discrete sites, termed replication origins, and proceeds in a bidirectional manner until all genomic DNA is replicated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, with its lack of genomic redundancy and contingenciesfor different environmental conditions, M. genitalium is already closeto being a minimal bacterial cell. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • In that report, the authors grewTn4001 transformed cells in mixed pools for several weeks, and thenisolated genomic DNA from those mixtures of mutants. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • The necessity to regulate origin location likely arises from the need to coordinate DNA replication with other processes that act on the shared chromatin template to avoid DNA strand breaks and DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Given the urgent need for new antibiotics to combat drug-resistant bacteria, it is logical to evaluate whether or not unexploited bacterial processes, such as orisome assembly, should be more closely examined for sources of novel drug targets. (mdpi.com)
  • LysR substrate binding domain, Bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix protein [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • More than five decades ago, Jacob, Brenner, and Cuzin proposed the replicon hypothesis to explain the regulation of chromosomal DNA synthesis in E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
  • Propagation of the genetic material between generations requires timely and accurate duplication of DNA by semiconservative replication prior to cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives the full complement of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • A key prerequisite for DNA replication is that it must occur with extremely high fidelity and efficiency exactly once per cell cycle to prevent the accumulation of genetic alterations with potentially deleterious consequences for cell survival and organismal viability. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nonetheless,some of the putatively disrupted genes, such as isoleucyl andtyrosyl-tRNA synthetases (MG345 & MG455), DNA replication gene dnaA(MG469), and DNA polymerase HI, subunit alpha (MG261) are thought toperform essential functions. (fullblog.com.ar)
  • This finding implies that DNA binding proteins generally use non-B-form DNA distortion such as base flipping to initiate replication and transcription. (nih.gov)
  • H-NS typically regulates cellular functions through its potent transcriptional repressor function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In bacteria, the duplication process of the often-circular chromosomes is initiated at a single origin per chromosome, resulting in two replication forks that traverse the chromosome in opposite directions. (frontiersin.org)
  • While eukaryotic cells typically contain multiple linear chromosomes, the bacterial models studied in most detail early on, such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis , have a single chromosome with a size of roughly 5 Mbp that forms a covalently closed circle. (frontiersin.org)
  • In contrast, many other bacterial species carry multiply copies of the chromosome. (frontiersin.org)
  • The coordination of cell growth and chromosome replication is achieved by mechanisms that are still being uncovered. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The first priority was the elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of chromosome replication as hypothesized in the Replicon Theory [ 5 ] , according to which DNA replication starts from the genetically defined point ( oriC ) by the action of an initiator. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Norris, V. DnaA and Hyperstructure Dynamics in the Cell Cycle. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • DnaA and Hyperstructure Dynamics in the Cell Cycle" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/49596 (accessed December 02, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This can either involve the replication of DNA in living organisms such as prokaryotes and eukaryotes, or that of DNA or RNA in viruses, such as double-stranded RNA viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concept of the replicator as a genetic entity has proven very useful in the quest to identify replicator DNA sequences and initiator proteins in prokaryotes, and to some extent also in eukaryotes, although the organization and complexity of replicators differ considerably between the domains of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nonetheless, research subsequent to Jacob's, Brenner's and Cuzin's proposal of the replicon model has discovered many additional layers of replication control in bacteria and eukaryotes that comprise both positive and negative regulatory elements, highlighting both the complexity and the importance of restricting DNA replication temporally and spatially. (wikipedia.org)
  • protein_coding" "AAC73904","mntR","Escherichia coli","Mn(2+)-responsive manganese regulon transcriptional regulator [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • In fact, the possibility that DnaA protein acts as a regulator of gene expression was raised by Hansen a few years after the isolation of the first mutant [ 10 ] , and DnaA was subsequently shown to regulate many operons [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Propagation of the genetic material between generations requires timely and accurate duplication of DNA by semiconservative replication prior to cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives the full complement of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • protein_coding" "AAC73976","ftsK","Escherichia coli","DNA translocase at septal ring sorting daughter chromsomes [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The sequence logo for DNA binding sites of the bacteriophage P1 replication protein RepA shows unusually high sequence conservation ( approximately 2 bits) at a minor groove that faces RepA. (nih.gov)
  • The high conservation in RepA sites therefore implies a distorted DNA helix with direct or indirect contacts to the protein. (nih.gov)
  • 41314) energy-coupling factor transport system permease protein ecfT BBZA01000003 CDS ARMA_0064 complement(41356. (go.jp)
  • To explore this proposal, it is essential to characterise the biochemical properties of the DnaA protein. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • We study post-transcriptional gene regulation-why some cellular mRNAs are a thousand times more stable than others, and why some are translated better than others. (mit.edu)
  • Once replication is complete, specific termination events lead to the disassembly of replisomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Incomplete, erroneous, or untimely DNA replication events can give rise to mutations, chromosomal polyploidy or aneuploidy, and gene copy number variations, each of which in turn can lead to diseases, including cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • These mutations were mapped to the same locus and the gene was called dnaA [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A fundamental feature of the replicon hypothesis is that it relies on positive regulation to control DNA replication onset, which can explain many experimental observations in bacterial and phage systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • These observations, therefore, help make DnaA a candidate for the role of coordinator of the cell cycle. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Although the specific replication origin organization structure and recognition varies from species to species, some common characteristics are shared. (wikipedia.org)
  • The necessity to regulate origin location likely arises from the need to coordinate DNA replication with other processes that act on the shared chromatin template to avoid DNA strand breaks and DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • The model postulates that a diffusible, trans-acting factor, a so-called initiator, interacts with a cis-acting DNA element, the replicator, to promote replication onset at a nearby origin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of in vitro transposition reactions for systems such as Mu, Tn7, Tn10 and Tn5 has allowed host factors implicated as regulators of transposition reactions to be tested for their potential to directly interact with the transposition machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, B-form DNA can support only 1 bit of sequence conservation via contacts into the minor groove. (nih.gov)
  • 41931) energy-coupling factor transport system substrate-specific component qrtT BBZA01000003 CDS ARMA_0065 complement(42026. (go.jp)
  • By contrast, a model of negative regulation (analogous to the replicon-operator model for transcription) fails to explain the above findings. (wikipedia.org)
  • Work presented here provides support for an alternative mechanism of H-NS-based regulation, and adds to our understanding of how bacterial transposition can be regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A key prerequisite for DNA replication is that it must occur with extremely high fidelity and efficiency exactly once per cell cycle to prevent the accumulation of genetic alterations with potentially deleterious consequences for cell survival and organismal viability. (wikipedia.org)
  • Kohiyama, therefore, sought mutants that failed to initiate replication at high temperatures and found two [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Despite the fundamental nature of these events, organisms have evolved surprisingly divergent strategies that control replication onset. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA polymerase III subunits gamma and tau domain III, DNA polymerase III subunits tau domain IV DnaB-binding, DNA polymerase III tau subunit V interacting with alpha [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Ftsk gamma domain, FtsK alpha domain, FtsK/SpoIIIE family, 4TM region of DNA translocase FtsK/SpoIIIE [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The fact that the size of these anucleate cells is relatively constant (but see [ 9 ] ) is consistent with the idea that DnaA is involved, directly or indirectly, in the positioning of the division site. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • division later resumes towards one end of the filament to produce normal-sized cells that lack DNA [ 8 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)