Bacteria protein expression. Medical search. Frequent questions

Identify and characterize genes and/or phages affecting virulence and competitiveness of those bacteria to develop effective control methods. (usda.gov)
In order to react effectively to changes in the surroundings, bacteria must be able to quickly turn specific genes on or off. (sciencedaily.com)
Genes can be regarded as blueprints for all of the molecular machines -normally proteins-that perform the tasks an organism needs for survival. (sciencedaily.com)
This is done through regulation of the activity of proteins that already exist in the cell, but also by the binding of special proteins-transcription factors-to specific sites on the DNA, turning certain genes on or off, which in turn regulates the cell's production of various proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
Compared to bacteria that remained on earth, the space-traveling Salmonella had changed expression of 167 genes. (sciencedaily.com)
Upon examination, the team found that on top of reduced skeletal muscle mass and increased expression of genes linked to muscle atrophy, skeletal muscles in germ-free mice also displayed problems with function and the generation of new mitochondria, whose role is to break down nutrients to form energy for cellular activity. (nutraingredients.com)
Genes can be selectively switched on or off in different parts of the organism, and the regulation structure is a complex dynamic network itself mediated by genes and proteins. (york.ac.uk)
This trick is seen again and again: there are a few 'tool kit' genes that do their stuff, but the details of what they actually do depends on where they are expressed, and that expression is affected by the regulatory network. (york.ac.uk)
This protein, called DksA, coordinates the expression of numerous genes in response to environmental signals. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The observed inhibition of fibronectin binding was confirmed by a reduction in the expression of genes encoding two major fibronectin-binding streptococcal surface proteins, Sof and SfbI. (microbiologyresearch.org)
RafK carries a C-terminal regulatory domain present in a subset of ATP-binding proteins that has been involved in both direct regulation of transporter activity (inducer exclusion) and transcription of transporter genes. (lu.se)
Pneumococci lacking RafK showed a 50- to 80-fold reduction in expression of the raf operon genes aga (alpha-galactosidase) and rafEFG (raffinose substrate binding and permease genes), and both glucose and sucrose inhibited raffinose uptake through inducer exclusion. (lu.se)
Like RafK, the presence of DLDH also activated the expression of raf operon genes, as DLDH-negative pneumococci showed a significantly decreased expression of aga and rafEFG, but DLDH did not regulate rafK or the putative regulatory genes rafR and rafS. (lu.se)
Our project offers a unique opportunity for Master's student to gain hands-on experience focused on transcriptional regulators with importance in expression of genes of outer membrane proteins that are essential in host-pathogen interaction. (lu.se)
DNA wraps around proteins called histones such that some genes can be accessed easily by cell proteins that "read" the gene, increasing gene expression, while others are less accessible, decreasing gene expression. (cdc.gov)
We analysed the genomic sequences to identify serotypes and penicillin-binding protein (PBP) genes 1A, 2B and 2X, and other resistance determinants, to predict minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline. (cdc.gov)
Theories of drug development, including identification of genes for diagnostics, protein and drug interactions, models for 'knock-out' and 'knock-down' of genes, gene therapy, cancer and stem cell biology, as well as clinical assessment. (lu.se)

We currently focus on three protein targets involved in difference aspects of virulence expression in pathogenic bacteria. (luc.edu)
Copper is universally toxic to most pathogenic bacteria including the Streptococcus pneumoniae , the focus of much of Johnson's work. (bio5.org)
We offer you to join our dynamic team and contribute to the research of pathogenic bacteria. (lu.se)

We also maintain an extensive collection of expression vectors and bacterial strains and we have various frequently used proteins such as for example proteases and polymerases readily available. (embl.org)
Most fibrolytic bacteria are classified as Bacteroidota or Bacillota and include several bacterial species with diverse morphological and physiological characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
The bacterial nucleoid and its influence on gene expression. (otago.ac.nz)
Through a proteomic analysis, the researchers found that regional bacterial populations show protein expression differences. (genomeweb.com)
Based on their finding of strong signals of genetic compartmentalization, regional isolates with similar protein expression profiles, and spatially distinct distribution of bacterial phenotypes, the researchers said that their study indicates that isolation in different lung regions helped drive the diversification of P. aeruginosa in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. (genomeweb.com)
These include cell-free extracts ( in vitro expression systems), and bacterial, yeast, insect, and mammalian cell systems, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. (thermofisher.com)
These fragments are then inserted into cloning vectors , such as bacterial plasmids or bacteriophages, which transfer the recombinant DNA to suitable host cells, such as the bacterium E. coli. (encyclopedia.com)
Dr. Liu's research group primarily employs X-ray crystallography in combination with mechanistic, biological and computational methods to study proteins involved in bacterial infections and other human diseases. (luc.edu)
on-going studies aim to employ lactonase as a protein therapeutic to disrupt bacterial cell-to-cell communication, quorum-quenching. (luc.edu)
Bacterial genomics, regulation, and resistance - Bacteria are a powerful unicellular model system to investigate the fundamental relation between genomic sequence, gene and protein expression, dynamics of molecular pathways, and resultant phenotypes. (utsouthwestern.edu)
The current study suggests that DksA is the glue that holds together two key components of bacterial gene expression -- a molecule called ppGpp and an enzyme called RNA polymerase. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The authors hypothesize that IL-22 stops bacterial encroachment by increasing the rate at which new epithelial cells are produced, and by upping production of antibacterial proteins. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The researchers discovered that the protocells were able to produce energy-rich molecules (ATP) via glycolysis and synthesize RNA and proteins by in vitro gene expression, indicating that the inherited bacterial components remained active in the synthetic cells. (nanowerk.com)
The released bacterial DNA was condensed into a single nucleus-like structure, and the droplet interior infiltrated with a cytoskeletal-like network of protein filaments and membrane-bounded water vacuoles. (nanowerk.com)

Regulation of gene expression by proteins and small RNAs. (otago.ac.nz)
In our proposed project, you would investigate expression regulation in clinically significant bacterium non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). (lu.se)
2022 ) Gene Expression Regulation in Airway Pathogens: Importance for Otitis Media. (lu.se)
Gene regulation can occur at any point during gene expression, but most commonly occurs at the level of transcription (when the information in a gene's DNA is passed to mRNA). (medlineplus.gov)
The Khan Academy has an educational unit on gene regulation , including videos about gene regulation in bacteria and eukaryotes. (medlineplus.gov)

The Gram positive bacteria Streptococcus mutans are a substantial part of the oral microbiota and their importance in the dental caries etiology is unquestionable 3 . (bvsalud.org)

For the recombinant protein purifications we implement a large array of chromatographic techniques. (embl.org)
The Ni-NTA Superflow 96 BioRobot Kit provides automated purification of up to 600 µg recombinant protein from 96 samples in parallel (standard protocol, 5 ml culture volume per sample). (qiagen.com)
The drug substance anakinra is a recombinant protein (Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) produced in E. coli bacteria containing an expression plasmid in which a synthetic gene coding for human IL-1Ra has been inserted.According to the Guideline on the Environmental Risk Assessment of Medicinal Products for Human Use (EMEA 2006), proteins are exempted from environmental risk assessment because they are unlikely to result in significant risk to the environment. (janusinfo.se)

PEPCF expresses proteins in bacteria, insect and mammalian cells and uses a variety of chromatographic and biophysical techniques for protein purification and characterization. (embl.org)
We maintain a large database of expression vectors at the EMBL Protein Expression and Purification Core Facility. (embl.org)
Furthermore, we are an active member of a network of protein facilities across Europe called Protein Production and Purification Partnership in Europe ( P4EU ) to improve information exchange and the evaluation of novel technologies. (embl.org)
and in biotechnological research, the use of the cellulose binding domains from fibrolytic enzymes has allowed the purification of recombinant proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Vectors containing the preprotrypsin leader (PPT) sequence direct secretion of FLAG fusion proteins into the culture medium for purification using ANTI-FLAG antibodies, resins, and plates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Chloramphenicol treatment can stop protein production but allow the E. coli to continue to "amplify" the plasmids, resulting in increased yields during plasmid purification 1 . (zymoresearch.com)
In response to customers' needs for larger amounts of protein from automated procedures, QIAGEN has adapted the Ni-NTA Superflow 96 BioRobot protocol to enable processing of larger culture volumes and purification of milligram amounts of His-tagged protein per well. (qiagen.com)
The corresponding increase in biomass can deliver in some cases up to 10 mg of pure His-tagged protein per well (see table and figure Milligram amounts of pure His-tagged proteins per well. Vector constructs for the expression of His-tagged proteins were transformed into E. coli , plated on selective medium, and colonies were picked for inoculating 25 ml cultures. Expression of 6xHis-tagged proteins was induced with IPTG for 2-4 hours. Cells were pelleted in 24-well blocks and processed on the BioRobot 3000 using 200 µl Ni-NTA Superflow resin per well. 5 µl (0.9%) of the first elution fraction was loaded for SDS-PAGE and proteins were visualized by Coomassie staining. G : Green Fluorescent Protein (29 kDa); T : T7 RNA Polymerase (100 kDa); S : E. coli GroES (12 kDa). Some endogenous GroEL is copurified; C : E. coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (28 kDa); L : E. coli GroEL (60 kDa); α : human tumor necrosis factor α(18 kDa); E : E. coli GroES purified as a complex with co-overexpressed nontagged GroEL (12 and 60 kDa); 10 : Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cpn-10 (10 kDa). M : markers. "> Milligram amounts of His-tagged proteins per well ) allowing multiple assays to be carried out on the same batch of protein and reducing the total number of protein preps required, see also figure Automated expression clone screening. Medium-scale purification for expression-clone screening and protein characterization. A mixture of vector constructs for the expression of proteins of 12, 15, and 28 kDa, and a 48/50 kDa heterodimer was transformed into E. coli , plated on selective medium, and 96 colonies were picked at random for inoculating 5 ml cultures. Expression of 6xHis-tagged proteins was induced with IPTG overnight. Cells were pelleted and lysed and 6xHis-tagged proteins purified. 5 µl of each elution fraction was loaded for SDSPAGE analysis; proteins were visualized by Coomassie staining. "> Automated expression clone screening . (qiagen.com)
The single-step purification provides highly pure proteins over a wide range of yields, and purification of large protein complexes is possible. (qiagen.com)
We kindly request that you contact us first by phone, e-mail or video conference to discuss new expression and purification projects. (embl.org)
In case expression constructs and/or protocols are already present, you can immediately fill out our protein expression and purification request form and send the completed form back to us. (embl.org)
After we receive the sequence-verified expression constructs, we will first perform small scale expression and purification tests in which we assess the expression level, the solubility and the protein enrichment after a small scale affinity purification. (embl.org)
Once suitable conditions have been identified, we proceed to large scale expression (1-6 liter per construct) and protein purification using a variety of chromatographic techniques. (embl.org)
After harvesting the V1 virus, we perform small scale expression and purification tests, in which we assess the expression level, the solubility and the protein enrichment after a small scale affinity purification. (embl.org)

Instead, inulin promoted bacteria, increased the production of intestinal epithelial cells and restored the expression of the protein interleukin-22 (IL-22). (nutraingredients.com)
The positive effects seen in the inulin-fed mice were due to a number of factors: gut bacteria levels were restored, there was an increase in the production of intestinal epithelial cells, and expression of the protein interleukin-22 (IL-22) was restored. (medicalnewstoday.com)
IL-22 appears to prevent inflammation by stopping gut bacteria from invading epithelial cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Currently we do not offer protein expression in other host organisms, but we can purify proteins expressed in other host organisms (e.g. yeast, hybridoma cell lines, …) if you are able to provide us with the expression cell pellet (intracellular proteins) or with the cell culture supernatant (secreted proteins). (embl.org)
The general aim of the course is that student should acquire advanced knowledge of applied molecular biology, production of heterologous proteins, yeast and its use in industry as well as a general understanding of innovation in biotechnology and drug development. (lu.se)
the molecular biology of bacteria, yeast or mammals, or bioinformatics. (lu.se)

Gateway technology allows highly efficient transfer of the gene of interest into any of a number of expression vectors from a single entry clone. (thermofisher.com)
The extremely wide variety of Gateway cloning-compatible expression vectors available makes the Gateway system of recombination cloning ideal for protein expression studies. (thermofisher.com)
Our selection of CMV vectors provides options for transient or stable expression of 3xFLAG ® fusion proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Our mammalian expression vectors contain the strong CMV promoter for high-level constitutive expression in mammalian cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Alternatively, complementary DNA is inserted into the vectors, or 'naked' DNA fragments can be taken up directly by a host bacterium from its medium (this is less efficient than vector transfer). (encyclopedia.com)
We do not offer any cloning services, but we do maintain a large collection of expression vectors. (embl.org)
All non-commercial expression vectors generated at EMBL are also available to external academic users via a Material Transfer Agreement . (embl.org)
For expression in E. coli , we accept all commonly used expression vectors. (embl.org)
For baculovirus-mediated expression in insect cells, we require expression vectors compatible with the Bac-to-Bac system (for example pFastBac, MultiBac, biGBac or MacroBac vectors). (embl.org)
For mammalian cells, we can work with most standard mammalian expression vectors (e.g. based on the pcDNA backbone) or BacMam vectors. (embl.org)
Detailed studies of B. burgdorferi were initiated in 1982 used by tick-borne spirochetes to adapt for transmission by when Burgdorfer and coworkers reported these bacteria in their tick vectors, may lead to unique disease prevention strat- adult Ixodes scapularis ticks collected from vegetation on egies. (cdc.gov)

The second method uses chloramphenicol, an antibiotic that halts protein synthesis and decouples it from plasmid replication, when culturing strains containing a plasmid with a relaxed origin of replication. (zymoresearch.com)

In this study, the sp2 gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli to produce a 6xHis-tagged fusion protein, which was then used to generate a polyclonal antibody. (hindawi.com)
The expressed protein in Escherichia coli was used to generate polyclonal antibodies. (hindawi.com)
Further investigation into how the common organism Escherichia coli regulates gene expression has given scientists new ideas for designing antibiotics that might drastically reduce a bacterium's ability to resist drugs. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Fibrolytic bacteria constitute a group of microorganisms that are able to process complex plant polysaccharides thanks to their capacity to synthesize cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
Probiotics are bacteria that are either the same as or similar to microorganisms found naturally in the human body. (medscape.com)

We chose to measure gene expression at the mRNA level since the technique to do this, called microarray analysis, is a highly advanced and convenient way to quantitatively measure the expression of every gene in a single experiment," said Wilson, who coordinated the team's molecular profiling efforts for the Nickerson lab, and played a central role in the performance of these experiments, including data analysis. (sciencedaily.com)
2016 (PMID: 26826706 DOI: 10.1111/his.12939) shows the IHC staining generated by the 9E10 clone does not correlate with c-myc mRNA expression. (abcam.com)
IL-1B, IL-6, TNF-alpha and iNOS mRNA and protein expressions will be measured in the in cultured media of naive and size-specific-LPS treated BEAS2B. (cdc.gov)
Compared to cells exposed to T1-LPS, the IL-1B, IL-6, TNF-alpha, iNOS mRNA and protein expression will be significantly higher in than cells exposed to PM1-LPS. (cdc.gov)

Researchers can now provide a picture of how proteins regulate genetic expression at the atomic level. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers quantified 5,117 proteins from this profiling strategy and found that 182 of them changed significantly in response to vessel maturation and plaque development. (asbmb.org)
By measuring the gene and protein patterns, the researchers could hone in on the key molecular players necessary for virulence from among thousands of potential candidates. (sciencedaily.com)
Work by other researchers had suggested a link between DksA and the ppGpp-initiated stress response in the cell, but scientists could not agree on what role, if any, DksA played in the effect of ppGpp on gene expression. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Researchers are gradually delving deeper into the relationships between gut bacteria, diet, and inflammation, and the picture is growing ever clearer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Previous attempts to model protocells using microcapsules have fallen short, so the team of researchers turned to bacteria to build complex synthetic cells using a living material assembly process. (nanowerk.com)
As a step towards the construction of a synthetic/living cell entity, the researchers implanted living bacteria into the protocells to generate self-sustainable ATP production and long-term energization for glycolysis, gene expression and cytoskeletal assembly. (nanowerk.com)

In an ode to historical accounts that claim Hippocrates used vinegar roughly 2,000 years ago to clean wounds, modern studies now show that vinegar can help kill pathogens and can also be used as a food preservative due to its ability to inhibit dangerous bacteria like E.Coli. (thepaleodiet.com)

These targets are critical for different biological functions but converge on virulence expression in persistent infections such as the lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. (luc.edu)
Overall, a variety of approaches including protein engineering, inhibitor design and discovery of super agonistic ligands will be used to exploit the potential of reducing virulence, to bring about novel treatments that overcome antibiotic resistance in bacteria, and to improve the quality of life of patients who suffer from these life-long infections. (luc.edu)
After the flight, animal virulence studies showed that bacteria that were flown in space were almost three times as likely to cause disease when compared with control bacteria grown on the ground. (sciencedaily.com)
Then they were grown for 24 hours, and at the end of 24 hours, Heide pushed down on the plunger again, which either "fixed" the bacteria with chemicals that preserved the gene expression message, or else introduced fresh media to keep the bacteria growing to perform the virulence studies. (sciencedaily.com)
After the bacteria returned to Earth, the group performed the first global analysis of Salmonella to measure the effect of space flight on gene and protein expression and virulence. (sciencedaily.com)

In the early 1980s, enzymes produced by fibrolytic bacteria were incorporated in cattle food. (wikipedia.org)
Depending on the type of vinegar and what was used in the fermentation process, this liquid can also be rich in enzymes, proteins, and probiotics that are claimed to help with gut health, among other benefits. (thepaleodiet.com)
G ene "expression" translates molecule strings (replicable nucleic acid codes) into the proteins and enzymes needed to run a cell. (umsl.edu)

Because the surroundings can change rapidly, it is also important for bacteria and other organisms to be able to quickly reconfigure their biochemical operations in order to adapt to the new environment. (sciencedaily.com)
Delta-9-desaturases are found in all organisms, from bacteria to humans. (asbmb.org)
The bacteria include hundreds of types of organisms of which only "22 predominant ones have been identified. (medscape.com)

The first thing to understand is that the typical 'Ladybird book' model of genetics -- one gene codes for one protein, and proteins build the organism -- is severely lacking. (york.ac.uk)

2022 ) Protein domain-dependent vesiculation of Lipoprotein A, a protein that is important in cell wall synthesis and fitness of the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae . (lu.se)
A bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine that provides protection against meningococcal serogroups C and Y along with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (Hib-MenCY-TT [MenHibrix, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium]) is licensed for use in children aged 6 weeks through 18 months. (cdc.gov)

Detection of fusion proteins containing 3xFLAG ® is enhanced up to 200 times more than any other system. (sigmaaldrich.com)
First, chloramphenicol treatment allows the selection of bacteria expressing antigen-CAT fusion proteins in frame, which greatly reduces the number of colonies to be screened. (nih.gov)
Third, the uniformly high expression level of antigen-CAT fusion proteins permits the establishment of large and representative pool sizes. (nih.gov)

Requirements for protein solubility, functionality, and yield are often the most important factors to consider when choosing an expression system, but the time and labor required for subcloning and optimizing expression can also have a significant impact. (thermofisher.com)
Therefore, the risk of altering protein function, blocking other epitopes, or decreasing solubility is minimized. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Within this span there may be anywhere from half a dozen to twenty or more signature sequences for several different proteins. (york.ac.uk)
After that, we independently downregulated FBLN2 and NPR3 over seven days of osteogenic differentiation, and we performed quantitative proteomics analysis to determine how different proteins were regulated in knockdown vs. control cells. (bvsalud.org)

The study, to be published in a coming issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), compares the energy required to break off the interaction with DNA with the energy needed to glide along the DNA and how many times a protein binds back to the same DNA strand before it starts to look elsewhere. (sciencedaily.com)
This unique 96-well metal-chelate affinity-chromatography module strongly and selectively binds His-tagged proteins. (qiagen.com)

We studied the effect of molybdenum (Mo) concentration on transcription and translation of a putative Mo-storage protein (Mop) in the freshwater heterocystous cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. (scirp.org)
Some of these proteins activate transcription, some repress it. (york.ac.uk)
RNA polymerase carries out transcription, the first step in gene expression. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
It leads straight to the active site, and presents a confined area where many proteins and antibiotics that control transcription may bind to carry out their business. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Signals from the environment or from other cells activate proteins called transcription factors. (medlineplus.gov)
These proteins bind to regulatory regions of a gene and increase or decrease the level of transcription. (medlineplus.gov)
By controlling the level of transcription, this process can determine when and how much protein product is made by a gene. (medlineplus.gov)

We also offer biophysical support for protein quality control, protein characterization and various types of interaction studies. (embl.org)
Does the protein require interaction partners for stability (→ co-expression)? (embl.org)
There will be involved gene engineering and molecular biology methods such as PCR, SDS-PAGE, qPCR, western blot, DNA-protein interaction assays, flow cytometry etc. (lu.se)

Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a peptide fragment consisting of 39 - 43 amino acid residues, which is produced by successive proteolytic cleavages of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) 1 . (biorxiv.org)
In recent work, Artsimovitch and her colleagues discovered that ppGpp regulates gene expression by controlling amino acid production in bacteria. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The use of amino acids, proteins and peptides is not considered to have any environmental impact. (janusinfo.se)
According to the European Medicines Agency guideline on environmental risk assessments for pharmaceuticals (EMA/CHMP/SWP/4447/00),vitamins, electrolytes, amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids proteins, vaccines and herbal medicinal products are exempted because they are unlikely to result in significant risk to the environment. (janusinfo.se)

Invasive Group A Streptococcal Penicillin Binding Protein 2× Variants Associated with Reduced Susceptibility to β-Lactam Antibiotics in the United States, 2015-2021. (cdc.gov)
However, carbapenem resistance may also be mediated by the loss or alteration of porin channels, the expression of efflux pumps, or penicillin-binding protein (PBP) modification. (msdmanuals.com)

Generally, individual switches in animals are longer sequences of DNA, and they are bound by a larger number and greater variety of proteins. (york.ac.uk)
Fig. 1: Photochemistry of light-oxygen-voltage receptors and sequences of proteins under study. (nature.com)
infection of these two bacteria in strikingly different types of As additional genome sequences become available for other ticks provide examples of possible adaptations for their trans- pathogenic and free-living spirochetes, comparisons of their mission. (cdc.gov)

In case no pre-existing expression constructs and/or protocols are available, we can design a strategy together with you. (embl.org)
After we receive the sequence-verified expression constructs, we will first generate the recombinant baculoviruses. (embl.org)

Professor Stephen Mann from the University of Bristol's School of Chemistry, and the Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biologytogether with colleagues Drs Can Xu, Nicolas Martin (currently at the University of Bordeaux) and Mei Li in the Bristol Centre for Protolife Research have demonstrated an approach to the construction of highly complex protocells using viscous micro-droplets filled with living bacteria as a microscopic building site. (nanowerk.com)
In the first step, the team exposed the empty droplets to two types of bacteria. (nanowerk.com)
Then, both types of bacteria were destroyed so that the released cellular components remained trapped inside or on the surface of the droplets to produce membrane-coated bacteriogenic protocells containing thousands of biological molecules, parts and machinery. (nanowerk.com)

Forcing harmful bacteria into a stationary state by controlling ppGpp levels may be the way to circumvent the rise in antibiotic resistance. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

The in vitro effect of manuka honeys on growth and adherence of oral bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Virtually all spirochetes in the midgut of an unfed nymph express outer surface protein (Osp) A. This protein is also the predominant surface antigen expressed by the spirochetes in vitro. (cdc.gov)

In fact, in herbivores each milliliter of ruminal content can reach about 50 million of bacteria of a great variety of genera and species. (wikipedia.org)
A diet lacking fiber alters the composition of gut bacteria, lowering numbers overall and changing the ratios of species. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In addition, chronic diagnostic test for follow-up of patients cy and for biochemical determination inflammation associated with the infec- with H. pylori gastritis and were able of tissue COX-2 activity using COX tion leads to damage in proteins, the to predict the risk of development of Activity Assay Kit (Cayman Chemical production of reactive oxygen species stomach cancer. (who.int)

Fibrolytic bacteria use glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway as the main metabolic routes to catabolize carbohydrates in order to obtain energy and carbon backbones. (wikipedia.org)

A recent study showed that another protein in silkworm hemolymph, storage protein 2 (SP2), can also inhibit staurosporine-induced HeLa cell apoptosis and ROS generation [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sublethal concentrations of manuka honey effectively prevented the binding of S. pyogenes to the human tissue protein fibronectin, but did not inhibit binding to fibrinogen. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The facility expresses and purifies proteins from E. coli , insect cells and mammalian cells. (embl.org)
Ideal for cases of low-level expression in mammalian cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The strong human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter regulatory region drives constitutive protein expression levels as high as 1 mG/L in COS cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
For less potent cell lines, protein levels are typically ~0.1 mG/L. The presence of the SV40 replication origin will result in high levels of DNA replication in SV40 replication permissive COS cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Our ongoing project aims to elucidate how cells recognize temperature or cellular events caused by the temperature changes and control the expression of DESAT1 to adapt the cellular processes and behaviors," Umeda said. (asbmb.org)
This direct antigen identification method is based on the random expression of viral polypeptides fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in bacteria, which are subsequently fed to major histocompatibility complex class II+ antigen-presenting cells and probed with antigen-specific T cells. (nih.gov)
The fundamental principles of molecular circuitry are conserved from bacteria to human cells. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Nanowerk News ) Scientists have harnessed the potential of bacteria to help build advanced synthetic cells which mimic real life functionality. (nanowerk.com)
Many antimicrobial agents that are effective against planktonic cells turn out to be ineffective against the same bacteria growing in a biofilm state 9,10 . (bvsalud.org)
The BCG vaccine has been shown to increase methylation of one of the histone proteins, resulting in increased cytokine production in certain immune cells. (cdc.gov)

Knowing what roles ppGpp and DksA play in how bacteria respond to stress and other physiological stimuli may help scientists create new antibacterial drugs that target mechanisms specific and unique to harmful bacteria. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Overview of Antibacterial Drugs Antibacterial drugs are derived from bacteria or molds or are synthesized de novo. (msdmanuals.com)

Second, antigenic fragments fused to CAT are expressed at high levels, even when derived from proteins that are toxic to bacteria. (nih.gov)

In addition, the expressed protein in the silkworm baculovirus system was used to study the anti-apoptotic effects of SP2 on human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) induced by peroxidation. (hindawi.com)
Even when a single strain of bacteria causes a chronic infection, evolution with human organs can produce diverse families of related bacteria," senior author Pradeep Singh from UW said in a statement. (genomeweb.com)
human insulin, for example, is now produced by bacteria containing the cloned insulin gene. (encyclopedia.com)
bioethanol, pathogenesis and expression of human hormones. (lu.se)

This study revealed the specific mechanism used to restore gut health and suppress obesity and metabolic syndrome is the induction of IL-22 expression. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Asthma and COPD are complex diseases involving both genetic and environmental factors resulting in disease expression. (nottingham.ac.uk)
In all three, they noted that the bacteria clustered based on the region from which they were obtained, a finding they said is characteristic of genetic compartmentalization. (genomeweb.com)
Bacteria and other prokaryotic microbes are in that sense our genetic ideologues , less able to inform their songs to issues on more than one scale. (umsl.edu)
The Genetic Science Learning Center at the University of Utah offers an explanation of gene expression as it relates to disease risk . (medlineplus.gov)
Trained immunity is mediated through epigenetics , the modification of gene expression without changing the genetic code. (cdc.gov)

No single laboratory test is highly specific or sensitive for the disease, but studies that can be used to support the diagnosis include the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and chlamydial and gonococcal DNA probes and cultures, endometrial biopsy, imaging studies (eg, ultrasonography, computed tomography [CT], and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) may be helpful in unclear cases. (medscape.com)
During the flight, astronaut Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper activated growth of the bacteria in sealed hardware and 'fixed' the cultures after a day of growth to determine changes in gene and protein expression levels. (sciencedaily.com)

The findings, reported in the current issue of the journal Cell , suggest that bacteria rely on a key protein in order to properly regulate gene expression -- a process fundamental to cell survival. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

RNA codons and protein synthesis. (crossref.org)
This activity renders the 28S rRNA unable to interact with the elongation factors EF-1 and EF-2, thus inhibiting protein synthesis. (listlabs.com)
In addition to inhibiting protein synthesis, Shiga toxins induce cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8. (listlabs.com)

Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all P. aeruginosa infecting a lung were related, but it also showed that as the bacteria became isolated in different lung regions, they began to evolve differences in treatment resistance, nutritional requirements, and more. (genomeweb.com)
Conventional antibiotics aimed at killing bacteria also put immense pressure on bacteria to survive and to ultimately develop resistance to these drugs,' Artsimovitch says. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

and, (3) Characterize genomes of bacteria of major significance to ornamental and nursery crops to develop diagnostic tests for accurate pathogen detection. (usda.gov)

Through collaborative efforts, we are also interested in elucidating the mechanism of allosteric regulators and rational drug design against protein targets in humans. (luc.edu)

The variety of expression choices available makes the Gateway system of recombination cloning ideal for protein expression studies. (thermofisher.com)
The Gateway recombination cloning system is designed for highly efficient transfer of your DNA into any Gateway expression vector from a single entry clone. (thermofisher.com)

In the current study, we cloned and expressed the gene encoding silkworm SP2 ( sp2 ) both in a prokaryotic expression system and a silkworm baculovirus system. (hindawi.com)

Johnson found that when he eliminated the expression of CopA and impaired bacteria's ability to alleviate copper stress infection dramatically decreased, and thus the export system could be used as a potential therapeutic target. (bio5.org)

Consider this in light of the above-mentioned conclusion from molecular biology, that informed gene-expression in eukaryotes is crucial to the development and sustainable operation of individual metazoans. (umsl.edu)

We screened for early-stage osteogenesis- or adipogenesis-based MSCs protein expression profiles using TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis to identify novel participating molecules. (bvsalud.org)

For example, using engineered bacteria it should be possible to fabricate complex modules for development in diagnostic and therapeutic areas of synthetic biology as well as in biomanufacturing and biotechnology in general. (nanowerk.com)

For T7-regulated E. coli expression systems, MagicMedia Expression Medium can increase protein yields up to 10-fold. (thermofisher.com)

It is sometimes classed as a prebiotic - food for probiotic bacteria in the gut microbiome. (nutraingredients.com)

Fibrolytic bacteria are expected to play an important role in renewable energy production through biomass degradation. (wikipedia.org)
Use of recombinant proteins varies widely - from functional studies in vivo to large-scale protein production for structural studies and therapeutics. (thermofisher.com)
L. J. Liermann, R. L. Guynn, A. D. Anbar and S. L. Brantley, "Production of a Molybdophore during Metal-Tar-geted Dissolution of Silicates by Soil Bacteria," Chemical Geology, Vol. 220, No. 3-4, 2005, pp. 285-302. (scirp.org)
Figuring out how to block DksA production in harmful bacteria may help scientists develop antibiotics that these bacteria are less likely to resist, said Irina Artsimovitch, a study co-author and an assistant professor of microbiology at Ohio State University. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

In conclusion, by identifying a common set of proteins that are differentially expressed in a similar manner in these two different conditions, we show that TDP-43 aggregation has a comparable effect to TDP-43 knockdown. (nature.com)

J. P. Bellenger, T. Wichard, Y. Xu and A. M. L. Kraepiel, "Essential Metals for Nitrogen Fixation in a Free Living N2 Fixing Bacterium: Chelation, Homeostasis and High Use Efficiency," Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 13, No. 6, 2011, pp. 1395-1411. (scirp.org)
The study also shed light on the possible link between gut microbes and communication between nerves and muscles, with teams reporting that germ-free mice had reduced levels of key proteins essential for the assembly and function of a neuromuscular junction - a chemical structure that allows a motor nerve cell to communicate with a skeletal muscle fibre. (nutraingredients.com)
In the absence of copper, the CopY protein suppresses the expression of itself and two others essential to eliminating the harmful metal: CupA and CopA. (bio5.org)

Anatomy17

Organisms54

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs52

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Phenomena and Processes74

Disciplines and Occupations8

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science4

Health Care14

Genes17

Pathogenic bacteria3

Bacterial14

Regulation5

Streptococcus1

Recombinant protein3

Purification14

Epithelial cells3

Yeast3

Vectors11

Plasmid1

Escherichia3

Microorganisms2

MRNA4

Researchers7

Pathogens1

Virulence5

Enzymes3

Organisms3

Genetics1

Haemophilus2

Fusion proteins3

Solubility2

Different proteins2

Binds2

Transcription7

Interaction3

Amino4

Penicillin Binding2

Sequences3

Constructs2

Droplets3

Antibiotic resistance1

Vitro2

Species3

Glycolysis1

Inhibit2

Cells10

Antibacterial2

Toxic1

Human4

Induction of IL-22 expression1

Genetic5

Cultures2

Regulate1

Synthesis3

Resistance2

Genomes1

Humans1

Cloning2

Prokaryotic1

Infection1

Eukaryotes1

Molecules1

Biology1

Yields1

Microbiome1

Production4

Knockdown1

Essential3