Bacillus subtilis biofilm. Medical search. Frequent questions

For instance, it has been increasingly recognized that multicellular behavior underlies biofilm formation in bacteria. (mpg.de)
Although the core genetic circuitry that controls biofilm formation in model bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis has been well characterized, little is known about the role that metabolism plays in this complex developmental process. (nsf.gov)
Although much is known about the transcriptional regulatory networks that control biofilm formation in model bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis , very little is known about the role of metabolism in this complex developmental process. (nsf.gov)
Kolter's research group was influential in the study of bacterial transport systems known as ABC exporters, published some of the earliest examples of experimental evolution through investigations of the stationary phase of bacterial growth, and was foundational in genetic studies of bacteria adhered to surfaces (living within communities called biofilms). (wikipedia.org)
The lab popularized the concept of bacterial biofilm formation as developmental or multicellular microbial processes, and pioneered genetic studies of cellular differentiation, signaling, and division of labor in bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
[13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
[8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria have developed numerous protection strategies to ensure survival in harsh environments, with perhaps the most robust method being the formation of a protective biofilm. (ncsu.edu)
Type IV pili are ubiquitous surface appendages in Gram-negative bacteria that promote diverse activities including attachment, virulence, biofilm formation, horizontal gene transfer, and twitching motility [ 1 - 5 ]. (biorxiv.org)
When bacteria band together, they ooze out a protective communal home of slime to form thriving, densely packed colonies known as biofilms. (sciencealert.com)
As biofilms are responsible for more than 80 percent of microbial infections in our bodies, they would certainly also play a large role in how our friendly bacteria function too, so understanding how these not-so-single organisms develop and work together could help with a myriad of medical problems. (sciencealert.com)
This study focused on the changes in biofilm activity and related metabolic pathways of S. aureus treated with lactic acid bacteria planktonic CFS (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm state (LAB-bf-CFS). (frontiersin.org)
However, there have not been many investigations on how pathogenic bacteria are affected by the metabolic properties of planktonic and biofilm probiotics. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the potential impacts of planktonic bacteria (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm colonies (LAB-bf-CFS) on the metabolism of S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms form when groups of bacteria cover themselves in a sticky mixture of sugars, protein, and DNA. (the-scientist.com)
Within the biofilm, bacteria take on different responsibilities. (the-scientist.com)
Bacteria are able to grow adhered to almost every surface, forming architecturally complex communities termed biofilm. (igem.org)
In biofilm, cells grow in multicellular aggregates that are encased in an extracellular matrix produced by the bacteria themselves (1). (igem.org)
In the biofilm formation bacteria can talk each other via some signal mechanisms. (igem.org)
Conservation of genes and processes controlled by the quorum response in bacteria: characterization of genes controlled by the quorum-sensing transcription factor ComA in Bacillus subtilis Natalia Comella and Alan D. Grossman* Department of Biology, Building 68-530, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. (igem.org)
How do single celled bacteria living as part of a complex community called a biofilm "decide" between different physiological processes, such as movement or producing the "glue" that forms the biofilm? (sciencedaily.com)
More detailed information on how bacteria develop into biofilms will allow scientists to work on alternative strategies to treat biofilm related infections and may improve technologies for waste water treatment plants or microbial fuel cells. (sciencedaily.com)
She has shown that a protein called DegU helps the individual bacteria to "decide" whether to form a biofilm or not. (sciencedaily.com)
DegU protein enables the bacteria to switch between swarming movement and the production of biofilm materials to suit the particular circumstances," said Dr Stanley-Wall. (sciencedaily.com)
Jan. 31, 2022 Most bacteria have the ability to form communities, biofilms, that adhere to a wide variety of surfaces and are difficult to remove. (sciencedaily.com)
Mar. 13, 2020 Biofilms are composed of bacteria living in a densely packed and organized community. (sciencedaily.com)
The bacteria will form a biofilm on the leaves to protect them from pests and pathogens and aid in nutrient absorption through leaves. (arbico-organics.com)
In this study, we characterised the formation of multi-layered islands in a monolayer of swarming cells using the rod-shaped bacteria B. subtilis as a model system. (warwick.ac.uk)
Bacteria survive in various environments by forming biofilms. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we evaluated the ability of two types of biosurfactants (rhamnolipids and surfactin) to inhibit growth and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Streptococcus mutans , and Streptococcus sanguinis . (biomedcentral.com)
Rhamnolipids inhibited the growth and biofilm formation ability of all examined oral bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
Streptococcus mutans , a representative bacteria of tooth decay [ 10 ], forms plaques (biofilm) on tooth surfaces and produces lactate from sugars such as sucrose, which demineralizes teeth and causes dental caries. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, removal of biofilms formed by periodontopathogenic bacteria prevents a variety of diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Anti-bacterial agents and disinfectants are effective against planktonic bacteria (bacteria suspended in liquid), however, they are not effective against biofilm-forming bacteria due to the difficulty of chemicals penetrating the biofilm. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacteria incubated with small MFG had increased concentration of metabolites related to energy production whereas metabolome of the bacteria incubated with large MFG had reduced concentrations of metabolites important for biofilm formation. (iucc.ac.il)
Therefore, live probiotic bacteria, for instance, probiotic Bacilli obtained together with prebiotic food, can help stimulate healthiness in humans. (agri.gov.il)
9] M. Morikawa, Beneficial biofilm formation by industrial bacteria Bacillus subtilis and related species, J. Biosci. (mrforum.com)
Therefore, biofilm matrix gives the additional resistance power to bacteria which makes them to not only tolerate harsh conditions but also resistant to antibiotics which lead to the emergence of bad bugs infections like multi drug resistant, extensively drug resistant and totally drug resistant bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)

Together, this suggests that biofilm formation in Bacillus is a bona fide developmental process comparable to organismal development in animals, plants, and fungi. (mpg.de)
Here, we performed a time-resolved analysis of the metabolic changes associated with pellicle biofilm formation and development in B. subtilis by combining metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses. (nsf.gov)
Here we report that four kinases, KinA, KinB, KinC, and KinD, help govern biofilm formation but that their contributions are partially masked by redundancy. (huji.ac.il)
Ubiquitous polyamine spermidine is not required for normal planktonic growth of Bacillus subtilis but is essential for robust biofilm formation. (elsevierpure.com)
However, the structural features of spermidine required for B. subtilis biofilm formation are unknown and so are the molecular mechanisms of spermidine-stimulated biofilm development. (elsevierpure.com)
We report here that in a spermidine-deficient B. subtilis mutant, the structural analogue norspermidine, but not homospermidine, restored biofilm formation. (elsevierpure.com)
Intracellular biosynthesis of another spermidine analogue, aminopropylcadaverine, from exogenously supplied homoagmatine also restored biofilm formation. (elsevierpure.com)
The differential ability of C-methylated spermidine analogues to functionally replace spermidine in biofilm formation indicated that the aminopropyl moiety of spermidine is more sensitive to C-methylation, which it is essential for biofilm formation, but that the length and symmetry of the molecule is not critical. (elsevierpure.com)
Consistent with the spermidine requirement in biofilm formation, single-cell analysis of this mutant indicated reduced expression of the operons for production of the exopolysaccharide and TasA protein biofilm matrix components and SinR antagonist slrR. (elsevierpure.com)
Deletion of sinR or ectopic expression of slrR in the spermidine-deficient speD background restored biofilm formation, indicating that spermidine is required for expression of the biofilm regulator slrR. (elsevierpure.com)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
For the study, first author Matthew Powers, an undergraduate student in Shank's lab, used a strain of B. subtilis--a species commonly used in lab experiments--that fluoresces when genes for biofilm formation are being shut off. (sciencedaily.com)
DAPG, or the DAPG-producing P. Protogens as a protobiotic, could be used to inhibit formation of harmful biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
The Solution Structures and Interaction of SinR and SinI: Elucidating the Mechanism of Action of the Master Regulator Switch for Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis. (ncsu.edu)
The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis has become a model organism for studying regulatory networks directing biofilm formation. (ncsu.edu)
In this study, we initially present the structure of the N-terminal domain of QseB, the response regulator responsible for biofilm formation. (ncsu.edu)
Inadequate drying of gastrointestinal endoscope working channels may promote microbial reproduction and biofilm formation, increasing the risk of infection in patients. (hindawi.com)
Two of the articles reported lack of drying of gastrointestinal endoscopes while the other ten reported residual droplets, microbial growth, and biofilm formation after different methods of drying. (hindawi.com)
Bacterial type IV pili are critical for diverse biological processes including horizontal gene transfer, surface sensing, biofilm formation, adherence, motility, and virulence. (biorxiv.org)
During biofilm formation in B. subtilis, most cells produce and secrete ComX. (igem.org)
In Bacillus subtilis, RNase Y in turn interacts with the so-called "Y-complex" consisting of three proteins, which play important functions in sporulation, natural transformation and biofilm formation. (uni-marburg.de)
Structural changes of TasA in biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis . (bvsalud.org)
Recent genomic and proteomic studies have identified many of the genes and gene products differentially expressed during biofilm formation, revealing the complexity of this developmental process. (biomedcentral.com)
That significant fractions of the bacterial genome could be involved in, or affected during, biofilm formation was shown in Escherichia coli in a genome-wide screen using random chromosomal insertions of a lacZ reporter gene fusion construct [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
With so many genes involved, it is perhaps not surprising that biofilm formation is regarded as a developmental process (Figure 1 ), not unlike that observed in the formation of fruiting bodies containing spores by the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Techniques to inhibit biofilm formation are essential and have wide applications. (biomedcentral.com)
We also attempted to determine the step in the biofilm formation process that was inhibited by biosurfactants. (biomedcentral.com)
The results clearly demonstrated that rhamnolipids inhibit biofilm formation after the initiation process, however, they do not affect attachment or maturation. (biomedcentral.com)
Rhamnolipids inhibit oral bacterial growth and biofilm formation by A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4, and may serve as novel oral drug against localized invasive periodontitis. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, inhibiting the growth of oral pathogens, as well as effectively preventing biofilm formation contribute to reducing these risks. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, there is a requirement for the development of a simpler and more effective oral care capable of inhibiting oral bacterial growth and biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
A study of environmental Listeria isolates from a dairy plant reveals a relationship of their genotypic variability with phenotypic expression and biofilm formation on clay brick floors. (sdstate.edu)
They focused on ytvA, a gene that encodes a blue light photoreceptor, and also on an enzyme called KinC, which is involved in inducing formation of biofilms and spores in the bacterium. (genengnews.com)
The spirochete develops antibiotic resistance in humans likely due to the formation of an aggregate or biofilm which might enhance its persistence despite antibiotic treatment. (ecu.edu)
However, nothing is known about the factors involved in B. burgdorferi biofilm or aggregate formation. (ecu.edu)
Our data suggest that not only OspA but also other proteins regulated by SpoVG and PlzA are involved in biofilm formation. (ecu.edu)
In sum, SpoVG and PlzA regulate expression of various genes, including ospA, that could affect diverse cellular processes including biofilm formation to enhance bacterial survival in the host. (ecu.edu)
Small MFG enhanced growth, whereas large MFG enhanced biofilm formation. (iucc.ac.il)
Quorum sensing plays an important role in regulating the biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
iii) colony formation and biofilm maturation. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic activity of the bacterial biofilm communities have altered as compared to the planktonic one such as increased rates of EPS production, activation or inhibition of particular genes associated with biofilm formation and decreased growth rate [ 39 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation of biofilms in mycobacteria can be defined as similar as other biofilms communities. (biomedcentral.com)
Panels of studies have reported the role of various molecules in the biofilm formation and maintenance of its composition. (biomedcentral.com)
Glycopeptidolipids are indispensable for initial surface attachment during biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis [ 111 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we created a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) library of knockdown strains covering all known essential genes in the biofilm-forming Bacillus subtilis strain NCIB 3610 and investigated growth, biofilm colony wrinkling, and sporulation phenotypes of the knockdown library. (nsf.gov)
Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
The possible link between ECM properties, regulation of metal ion distribution, and sporulation across whole, intact biofilms unravels the importance of molecular-level heterogeneity in shaping biofilm physiology and development. (huji.ac.il)
In Bacillus subtilis, quorum responses contribute to the induction of competence development, sporulation, degradative enzyme production and antibiotic production (6). (igem.org)
Grossman, A.D. (1995) Genetic networks controlling the initiation of sporulation and the development of genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis. (igem.org)
SpoVG is crucial for sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. (ecu.edu)

They found that at low concentrations, the compound, DAPG (the acronym stands for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol), produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas protegens, did not kill the experimental target bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, but merely prevented it from forming biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
10] H.Z. Wadood, A. Rajasekar, Y.P. Ting, A.N. Sabari, Role of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless steel, Arab. (mrforum.com)
11] A. Rajasekar, Y.P. Ting, Role of inorganic and organic medium in the corrosion behavior of bacillus megaterium and pseudomonas sp. (mrforum.com)

Following upon these results, we demonstrated that acetoin production via acetolactate synthase is essential for robust biofilm growth and has the dual role of conserving redox balance and maintaining extracellular pH. (nsf.gov)

[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
In biofilms, bacterial cells are embedded within a matrix that is composed of a complex mixture of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. (ncsu.edu)
The differentially expressed genes and proteins linked to S. aureus biofilms have been identified using transcriptomic and proteomic investigations ( 14 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
The matrix, which is composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and water, enables the biofilm to attach to the surfaces. (igem.org)
Using a soil bacterium called Bacillus subtilis , Dr Stanley-Wall has investigated the genes and proteins required for biofilms to develop. (sciencedaily.com)
The cells living in a biofilm have a protective "raincoat" formed of carefully organized fats, proteins, and long chains of sugars. (dundee.ac.uk)
When B. subtilis forms a biofilm, it makes two proteins called BslA and TasA that are critical for the biofilm structure and resilience. (dundee.ac.uk)
Biofilms (so called because macroscopically they do look like a thin layer of slime) have a distinct architecture, consisting of tower- and mushroom-shaped microcolonies encased in a hydrated matrix of exopolymeric substances, polysaccharides and proteins that are produced by the resident microorganisms. (biomedcentral.com)

Using time-resolved transcriptome and proteome profiles, we found that biofilm ontogeny correlates with the evolutionary measures, in a way that evolutionary younger and more diverged genes were increasingly expressed toward later timepoints of biofilm growth. (mpg.de)
[10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
Surprisingly, we found that evolutionary younger genes were increasingly expressed towards the later timepoints of biofilm growth," explained geneticist Tomislav Domazet-Lošo from the Catholic University of Croatia. (sciencealert.com)
The order of gene expression during biofilm growth mirrors the timing of these genes' evolution - just like the expressions of genes in developing animal embryos. (sciencealert.com)

Our results indicate that spermidine functions in biofilm development by activating transcription of the biofilm matrix exopolysaccharide and TasA operons through the regulator slrR. (elsevierpure.com)
2). Bacillus subtilis forms biofilm whose constituent cells are held together by the extracellular matrix and one of the main matrix competent is the protein TasA which is a form of amyloid fibers and binds cells together in the biofilm (3). (igem.org)
Electron micrograph of B. subtilis strain 3610 immunogold labeled with anti-TasA antibody (black dots). (igem.org)

The findings demonstrated that the LAB-CFS treatment considerably slowed Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) growth and prevented it from forming biofilms. (frontiersin.org)

IMPORTANCE Bacterial biofilms are ubiquitous in natural environments and play an important role in many clinical, industrial, and ecological settings. (nsf.gov)
Bacterial biofilms are detrimental in hospital and industrial settings, but they can be beneficial, for example, in agricultural as well as in food technology contexts. (huji.ac.il)
Considering that the oldest known fossils are bacterial biofilms, it is quite likely that the first life was also multicellular, and not a single-celled creature as considered so far. (sciencealert.com)
Innate and induced resistance mechanisms of bacterial biofilms. (igem.org)
in Bacterial Biofilms (ed. (igem.org)
She will study bacterial biofilms which will help efforts to remove biofilms when they are detrimental or, conversely, aid in the exploitation of biofilms for industrial biotechnology. (dundee.ac.uk)
Bacterial biofilms often cause significant problems to medical instruments and industrial processes. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, it inhibits the physiological traits of the S. aureus biofilm, including hydrophobicity, motility, eDNA, and PIA associated to the biofilm. (frontiersin.org)

Natalie explains, "We study a bacterium called Bacillus subtilis that is widely used in industry and agriculture. (dundee.ac.uk)

At the next stage (3), the first maturation phase is reached, as indicated by early development of biofilm architecture. (biomedcentral.com)
The second maturation phase is reached at stage 4 with fully mature biofilms, as indicated by the complex biofilm architecture. (biomedcentral.com)

This product contains two carefully chosen strains of Rhizobacteria - Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens . (arbico-organics.com)

Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
A biofilm is any group of microbes that stick together on a surface. (sciencedaily.com)
Biofilms are home to millions of microbes, but disrupting their interactions could produce more effective antibiotics. (the-scientist.com)
These biofilms of aggregating microbes are everywhere: on rocks, bathtubs, and medical devices. (the-scientist.com)
The slimy coating on unbrushed teeth is biofilm, and the beneficial microbes on your skin and gut often grow collectively. (the-scientist.com)
Kovács's team has found that in populations of the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis , most microbes assume responsibility for matrix production during early development when they are little more than a throng of unconnected cells. (the-scientist.com)
Biofilms are complex communities of microbes that are bound by an extracellular macromolecular matrix produced by the residents. (dundee.ac.uk)

A known antibiotic and antifungal compound produced by a soil microbe can inhibit another species of microbe from forming biofilms - -microbial mats that frequently are medically harmful -- without killing that microbe. (sciencedaily.com)
In the lab, Futo and the team investigated rod-shaped Bacillus subtilis , which is commonly found in soil, cows, and us. (sciencealert.com)
The newly reported work by Merrow and colleagues has now detected free-running circadian rhythms in the nonphotosynthetic soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis . (genengnews.com)

Thus cells in different regions of the biofilm will likely exhibit differences in their metabolic behavior 7 . (nature.com)
Most of these metabolic alterations were hitherto unrecognized as biofilm associated. (nsf.gov)
This report represents a comprehensive systems-level investigation of the metabolic remodeling occurring during B. subtilis biofilm development that will serve as a useful road map for future studies on biofilm physiology. (nsf.gov)
To address this important knowledge gap, we performed a time-resolved analysis of the metabolic changes associated with bacterial biofilm development in B. subtilis by combining metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses. (nsf.gov)
We hypothesized that MFG size modulates the metabolic fingerprint of B. subtilis. (iucc.ac.il)

The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)

Second, we quantified biofilm colony wrinkling using a custom image analysis algorithm and found that fatty acid synthesis and DNA gyrase knockdown strains exhibited increased wrinkling independent of biofilm matrix gene expression. (nsf.gov)

Streptococcus sanguinis is another plaque-forming strain that has been reported to cause infective endocarditis by forming biofilms on the endocardium and heart valves [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

It also remains to be seen if other embryogenesis features - like localised waves of new gene expressions - are also present in biofilms. (sciencealert.com)
Compared with their planktonic (non-adherent) counterparts, the compact microbial consortia present in biofilms show extraordinary resistance to conventional biocides, antimicrobial treatments and the immune defense responses of the host. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacillus subtilis is able to form architecturally complex biofilms on solid medium due to the production of an extracellular matrix. (huji.ac.il)

Mapping X-ray diffraction across intact biofilms in time and space, we revealed the dominant structural features in Bacillus subtilis biofilms, stemming from matrix components, spores, and water. (huji.ac.il)
The extracellular polymeric matrix is an important structural component of biofilm and it plays an important role in the attachment and colonization of microorganisms on a surface also acts as a diffusion barrier to small molecules. (igem.org)
Amyloid fibers provide structural integrity to Bacillus subtilis biofilms. (igem.org)

BslA interacts with itself to form a water-repellent "raincoat" over the surface of the biofilm. (dundee.ac.uk)

ABSTRACT Biofilms are structured communities of tightly associated cells that constitute the predominant state of bacterial growth in natural and human-made environments. (nsf.gov)
ABSTRACT Many bacterial species typically live in complex three-dimensional biofilms, yet much remains unknown about differences in essential processes between nonbiofilm and biofilm lifestyles. (nsf.gov)

When one of the B. subtilis colonies fluoresced, he picked a close-lying, non-fluorescing colony off of that plate, regrew it, and then sequenced those cells, determining that the species was P. protegens. (sciencedaily.com)

Given that most cells on Earth reside in the form of biofilms and that biofilms represent the oldest known fossils, we anticipate that the widely adopted vision of the first life as a single-cell and free-living organism needs rethinking. (mpg.de)

Biofilms are composed of microorganisms attached to a solid surface or floating on top of a liquid surface. (nature.com)
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms are three-dimensional structures consisting of various microbial populations attached to a surface by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by these microorganisms [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms are multicellular microbial communities that encase themselves in an extracellular matrix (ECM) of secreted biopolymers and attach to surfaces and interfaces. (huji.ac.il)
12] Z. Guo, T. Liu, Y.F. Cheng, N. Guo, Y. Yin, Adhesion of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica to steel in a seawater environment and their effects on corrosion, Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces. (mrforum.com)

Biofilms also interfere with industrial processes, for example, by clogging, or corroding pipes, and by instigating corrosion on ships' hulls. (sciencedaily.com)
A leading expert explains it is important to understand how biofilms form as they are often the basis of chronic infections and also of bioremediation processes. (sciencedaily.com)
So how do individual bacterial cells living as part of a complex community called a biofilm "decide" between different physiological processes (such as movement or producing the "glue" that forms the biofilm)? (sciencedaily.com)
In the 2009 Fleming lecture, given at the Society for General Microbiology's meeting in Harrogate March 30, Dr Nicola Stanley-Wall from the University of Dundee explained that it is important to understand how biofilms form as they are often the basis of chronic infections and also of bioremediation processes. (sciencedaily.com)
Understanding how these communities' function and maintain their "raincoats" is important as biofilms are involved in diverse processes that include sewage bioremediation, plant growth promotion, chronic infections, and industrial biofouling. (dundee.ac.uk)

Biofilms, a complex aggregation of cells embedded in a polysaccharide matrix, have been of interest for a long time in history - right when Antoine van Leuwenhoek examined a scraping of his tooth plaqueunder a microscope that he had built 1 . (nature.com)
By simultaneously following the X-ray fluorescence signal of biofilms and isolated matrix components, we discovered that the ECM preferentially binds calcium ions over other metal ions, specifically, zinc, manganese, and iron. (huji.ac.il)
Biofilms: The matrix revisited. (igem.org)

An essential property of biofilms that grants them with increased survival relative to planktonic cells is phenotypic heterogeneity, the division of the biofilm population into functionally distinct subgroups of cells. (huji.ac.il)
The phenotypic transition from a planktonic to biofilm state is regulated by the activity of the transcriptional repressor, SinR, and its inactivation by its primary antagonist, SinI. (ncsu.edu)

The team cautions these results are limited to single-species biofilms in laboratory conditions, so more research is required to see if the findings also hold true in the natural environment with multi-species interactions. (sciencealert.com)
Growth pattern of Mycobacterium species are different such as M. chelonae and M. fortuitum form biofilm as vertical and entire surface growth, respectively [ 93 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The microbial community is also a natural source of metabolites and has the potential to be used to create antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents. (frontiersin.org)
Bacterial communities that are attached to a surface, so-called biofilms, and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are a cause of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
A broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide of Bacillus origin. (sdstate.edu)

For example, we observed increased activity of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle during early biofilm growth, a shift from fatty acid biosynthesis to fatty acid degradation, reorganization of iron metabolism and transport, and a switch from acetate to acetoin fermentation. (nsf.gov)
Close agreement between metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic measurements indicated that remodeling of metabolism during biofilm development was largely controlled at the transcriptional level. (nsf.gov)
Outside the biofilm research area, this work should also prove relevant to any investigators interested in microbial physiology and metabolism. (nsf.gov)

Transcriptomic analysis of a spermidine-depleted B. subtilis speD mutant uncovered a nitrogen-, methionine-, and S-adenosylmethionine-sufficiency response, resulting in repression of gene expression related to purine catabolism, methionine and S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis and methionine salvage, and signs of altered membrane status. (elsevierpure.com)
The researchers established a timeline of gene expression across the whole biofilm as it developed, from a few initial cells until it was two months old. (sciencealert.com)
The step-by-step organisation of the gene expression observed is also seen in embryos, as is a big increase in communication between cells during the middle of development, which in the biofilm coincides with growing 3D wrinkles. (sciencealert.com)

Biofilms are notoriously resistant to antibiotics. (sciencedaily.com)

Our first modification is towards making a gradient of metabolites from the center of the biofilm to the periphery. (nature.com)
The metabolites of S. aureus biofilm treated with LAB-CFS were greater in the LAB-bf-CFS than they were in the LAB-pk-CFS, according to metabolomics studies. (frontiersin.org)
Because of this, it is crucial to understand how LAB-CFS affects the makeup and function of metabolites in S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)

A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
The first class is microbial inhibitors which prevent the onset of corrosion by making biofilms and precipitating calcite on steel surface and concrete voids respectively. (mrforum.com)

Recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)

But a comparison of the differentially expressed gene sets identified in several recent DNA microarray studies [ 7 - 10 ] reveals that no common expression pattern for biofilms has yet emerged. (biomedcentral.com)

More than 65 percent of hospital-acquired infections manifest as biofilms. (sciencedaily.com)
The capacity of S. aureus to build biofilms is correlated with the severity of infections ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms are the predominant form of microbial life in the natural environment and although they are the leading cause of chronic infections, they are equally deeply connected to our ability to bioremediate waste and toxic materials. (dundee.ac.uk)
Biofilms have been shown to colonize a wide variety of medical devices and to be associated with several human diseases, such as native valve endocarditis, burn wound infections, chronic otitis media with effusion and cystic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)

S. aureus produces large biofilm formations that support its pathogenicity and confer protection and subsequently drug resistance ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)

Competitive exclusion study demonstrates Bacillus subtilis as a predominant constitutive microorganism of reverse osmosis membrane biofilms. (sdstate.edu)

[8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
Most cells on Earth live in the form of these biofilms. (sciencealert.com)
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been strongly associated with localized aggressive periodontitis via its ability to form biofilms in the subgingival cavity [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In this paper, the effectiveness of residual droplet, microbe, and biofilm prevention via gastrointestinal endoscope drying is systematically reviewed to provide evidence to improve gastrointestinal endoscope reprocessing guidelines. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes21

Information Science3

Health Care2

Bacteria39

Formation44

Sporulation6

Pseudomonas3

Essential for robust biofilm1

Proteins8

Genes4

TasA3

Staphylococcus1

Bacterial biofilms7

Motility1

Bacterium called1

Maturation2

Amyloliquefaciens1

Microbes7

Soil3

Metabolic5

Cells growing in a1

Strains1

Strain1

Present in biofilms2

Architecturally complex1

Structural3

BslA1

Abstract2

Colonies1

Oldest known fossils1

Microorganisms4

Surfaces3

Processes5

Matrix3

Phenotypic2

Species2

Antimicrobial3

Metabolism3

Gene expression3

Antibiotics1

Metabolites3

Surface2

Behavior1

Differentially expressed1

Infections4

Resistance1

Predominant1

Form3

Microbe1