• The afferent limb has nerve fibers running within the optic nerve (CN II). (wikipedia.org)
  • Anatomically, the afferent limb consists of the retina, the optic nerve, and the pretectal nucleus in the midbrain, at level of superior colliculus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ganglion cells of the retina project fibers through the optic nerve to the ipsilateral pretectal nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retina: The pupillary reflex pathway begins with the photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which convey information via the optic nerve, the most peripheral, distal, portion of which is the optic disc. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some axons of the optic nerve connect to the pretectal nucleus of the upper midbrain instead of the cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus (which project to the primary visual cortex). (wikipedia.org)
  • Optic neuritis is an inflammatory injury of the optic nerve that causes vision loss, which is common in MS and other CNS inflammatory disorders. (medscape.com)
  • A small autonomic ganglion lying on the outside of the optic nerve in the rear portion of the orbit. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • For the crayfish, properties of visually reacting interneurone types in the optic nerve are described on the basis of single-unit analysis. (caltech.edu)
  • Here, we followed the consequence of long-term toxin-induced demyelination of the macaque optic nerve on remyelination and axon preservation, as well as its impact on visual functions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Findings from oculomotor behavior, ophthalmic examination, electrophysiology, and retinal imaging indicate visual impairment involving the optic nerve and retina. (bvsalud.org)
  • These visual dysfunctions fully correlated at the anatomical level, with sustained optic nerve demyelination, axonal degeneration, and alterations of the inner retinal layers. (bvsalud.org)
  • This nonhuman primate model of chronic optic nerve demyelination associated with axonal degeneration and visual dysfunction, recapitulates several key features of MS lesions and should be instrumental in providing the missing link to translate emerging repair promyelinating/neuroprotective therapies to the clinic for myelin disorders, such as MS. (bvsalud.org)
  • Some nerves that we usually think of as purely afferent or sensory, such as the optic nerve for vision, and the vestibulocochlear nerve, for hearing and balance, also have a small component of efferent motor neurons that can modify the function of the end organ by altering transmission at the receptor site. (veteriankey.com)
  • What does right optic nerve disruption causes? (freezingblue.com)
  • More recently, a subset of OCT, the OCT Angiography is a modality that images integrity of the vasculature in the retina and optic nerve mainly assessing the blood perfusion. (aao.org)
  • These impulses are then conveyed by the axons of the retinal ganglion cells on a path centripetally through the inner retina, converging on the optic nerve head. (neupsykey.com)
  • The impulses then travel along the optic nerve and through the optic chiasm where fibers from the nasal retina (temporal visual field) decussate to join temporal retinal fibers (nasal visual field) from the other eye in the contralateral optic tract. (neupsykey.com)
  • b ) Monocular blindness produced by a lesion in the left optic nerve. (neupsykey.com)
  • Each efferent limb has nerve fibers running along the oculomotor nerve (CN III). (wikipedia.org)
  • Postganglionic nerve fibers leave the ciliary ganglion to innervate the ciliary sphincter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Previous neuropathological observations in HMSN/ACC patients have included the presence of small oval vacuoles in the brain white matter, signs of axonal swelling and depletion of large myelinated fibers in nerves. (nature.com)
  • 4 Pathological findings from muscle and nerve biopsies, reported by Larbrisseau et al 5 , revealed evidence of chronic denervation with angular fibers and type grouping, suggesting an axonal neuropathy and a major primary defect at the level of peripheral nerve in HMSN/ACC. (nature.com)
  • A nerve is a bundle of fibers that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain. (healthline.com)
  • Which of the following cranial nerves contains parasympathetic preganglionic fibers? (basichumanneuroanatomy.com)
  • Facial colliculi are actually rounded, bulged structures that are formed by the winding of fibers of the facial nerve around the nuclei of abducent nerves. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Under microscopic inspection, it can be seen to include the cell bodies of the neurons, as well as bundles of fibers that are the posterior nerve root (Figure 1). (lumenlearning.com)
  • The condition is caused by aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus by fibers of the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) are the efferent nerve fibers that provide motor innervation to the muscles of the pharyngeal arches in humans, and the branchial arches in fish. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • Where are visceral nerve fibers found? (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • The somatic and visceral afferent fibers of the oropharynx are supplied by a plexus derived from the vagus, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • General visceral efferent fibers include preganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers, which innervate lacrimal and seromucous glands in the nasal cavity and palate via the greater superficial petrosal nerve and sublingual and submandibular glands via the chorda tympani nerve. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • General visceral efferent fibers carry parasympathetic autonomic axons. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • The following cranial nerves carry general visceral efferent fibers: 1. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. (lookformedical.com)
  • Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body. (lookformedical.com)
  • Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. (lookformedical.com)
  • In this atlas you can view MRI sections through a living human brain as well as corresponding sections stained for cell bodies or for nerve fibers. (martindalecenter.com)
  • Sensory nerves contain only afferent fibers, long dendrites of sensory neurons. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Motor nerves have only efferent fibers, long axons of motor neurons. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Mixed nerves contain both types of fibers. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • An nerbyos o nerve sarong katakin, cable-undle nin mga nerve fibers (inapod patokon) sa sistema nerbyos sa periodo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pressure on the oculomotor root, as in uncal herniation, will usually compress the smaller diameter, and more superficially forex autopilot robot cated GVE fibers first. (forextrading-madeeasy.com)
  • The pupillomotor and ciliary muscle neurons derive from the Edinger-Westphal subnucleus, which is in the midline in the most rostral and anterior part of the oculomotor nerve nucleus. (medscape.com)
  • Each preganglionic autonomic axon usually synapses on the dendrites of many ganglionic neurons. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Microscopically, the peripheral processes of dorsal root ganglion neurons look identical to axons. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The messages are sent by chemical and electrical changes in the cells, technically called neurons , that make up the nerves. (healthline.com)
  • While no one knows exactly, it's safe to say humans have hundreds of nerves - and billions of neurons! (healthline.com)
  • Read on to learn more about the numbered and named cranial and spinal nerves, as well as what neurons are composed of, and some fun facts about your nervous system. (healthline.com)
  • Your neurons work to conduct nerve impulses. (healthline.com)
  • Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) is a complex congenital eye movement disorder caused by aberrant innervation of the extraocular muscles by axons of brainstem motor neurons. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the C760R mutant mice DINE was expressed and localized in the somata of motor neurons but not in axons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Also, the fibrous region is composed of the axons of these neurons that are passing through the ganglion to be part of the dorsal nerve root (tissue source: canine). (lumenlearning.com)
  • These ganglia are the cell bodies of neurons with axons that are sensory endings in the periphery, such as in the skin, and that extend into the CNS through the dorsal nerve root. (lumenlearning.com)
  • The neurons of cranial nerve ganglia are also unipolar in shape with associated satellite cells. (lumenlearning.com)
  • It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB. (lookformedical.com)
  • Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). (lookformedical.com)
  • Some of the primarily motor cranial nerves probably have general proprioceptive sensory neurons as well. (veteriankey.com)
  • The olfactory nerve (CN I) contains special sensory neurons concerned with smell. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • An mga selulang Nerve (sa Ingles, neurons) orog pang klasipikadong sentariy, motor, o saralak na mga nerbyos. (wikipedia.org)
  • [9] OCT has therefore emerged as a non-invasive and relatively inexpensive technique for capturing loss of central nervous system axons and neurons. (aao.org)
  • and the trochlear nerve, on its way to the surface, runs downwards in its concavity and on its medial aspect. (co.ma)
  • All the extraocular muscles are innervated by the oculomotor nerve (CN III) except the superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles, which are innervated by the trochlear nerve (CN IV) and abducent nerve (CN VI), respectively. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • The trochlear nerve is a pure motor nerve having no sensory component. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • This fasciculus connects the abducent nerve nucleus with the nuclei of the oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), and vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII). (brainmadesimple.com)
  • blunting of calices (ascending infection) errnvphglfrv ruj 244.E4 chapter 7 abdomen 197 4 clinical focus 8-23 ocular refractive disorders ametropia is the major sensory oculomotor, trochlear, nerve of the duodenum. (ben.edu)
  • This article will provide an introduction to the cranial nerves which are considered primarily motor nerves, which includes the oculomotor nerve, the trochlear nerve, the abducens nerve, the spinal accessory nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Cavernous sinus portion: The next segment of the oculomotor nerve runs through the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus superiorly. (medscape.com)
  • Masses invading the cavernous sinus from within the sella often cause third cranial nerve dysfunction prior to involvement of the other cranial nerves in the cavernous sinus. (medscape.com)
  • The nerve branches into superior and inferior divisions, usually within the posterior orbit, but, occasionally, the branching occurs as far back as the cavernous sinus segment. (medscape.com)
  • From superior to inferior, the cavernous sinus contains cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), VI (abducens), V1 (ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve), and V2 (maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve). (medscape.com)
  • The internal carotid artery also courses through the cavernous sinus, medial to these nerves. (medscape.com)
  • The third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves innervate the extraocular muscles that position the globes in the orbits. (medscape.com)
  • the inferior division innervates all the other muscles innervated by the third nerve, including the iris sphincter, which constricts the pupil. (medscape.com)
  • The axons for most of the muscles are uncrossed from the nucleus to the eye, but there are 2 exceptions: (1) Axons for the levator palpebrae come from both sides of the central caudal subnucleus via bilateral, crossed, and uncrossed pathways. (medscape.com)
  • The oculomotor nerve innervates the following extraocular muscles of either eye: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae, ciliary muscle, and iris sphincter. (medscape.com)
  • Stimulation of this axon results, when appropriate stimuli are used, in two types of contractions comparable with the fast and slow contractions of doubly motor-innervated crustacean muscles. (caltech.edu)
  • Each of these muscles in the unregenerated claw is innervated by three axons only. (caltech.edu)
  • Expression of mutant alpha2-chimaerin constructs in chick embryos resulted in failure of oculomotor axons to innervate their target extraocular muscles. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Both C760R and G607S knock-in mouse embryos showed similar axonal arborization defects with normal trajectory patterns from the spinal cord to the target hindlimb muscles, as well as axon guidance defects of the abducens nerves. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is a heterogeneous group of syndromes resulting from aberrant wiring of motor nerves in the head muscles [ 6 , 26 ], and not from malformations of the eye itself. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Which of the following muscles are NOT supplied by the trigeminal nerve (V)? (basichumanneuroanatomy.com)
  • Which of the following muscles are supplied by the vagus nerve (X)? (basichumanneuroanatomy.com)
  • The small motor part of the trigeminal nerve is distributed chiefly to the muscles of mastication, and derives its fibres from the motor nucleus. (co.ma)
  • 3. Sphincter papillae and ciliary smooth muscles via ciliary (parasympathetic) ganglion (visceral efferent) and short ciliary nerves. (rahulgladwin.com)
  • It is a long, slender, motor nerve and supplies only one of the extraocular muscles of the eye and functions in the movement of the eyeball within the orbit. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • The cranial nerve innervation of some ventral neck muscles and the trapezius muscle to the scapula can be understood only in the context of their phylogenetic history beginning as the gill arch levator muscles of fish ( Romer & Parsons, 1986 ). (veteriankey.com)
  • A motor nerve is a nerve located in the central nervous system (CNS), usually the spinal cord, that sends motor signals from the CNS to the muscles of the body. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Motor nerves control the movement and function of muscles or glands. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Most of the muscle sensory nerves pass close to the nerves that relay sound from your acoustic nerve, so it would not be surprising that pressure on the muscles on the head can trigger tinnitus. (studyres.com)
  • The weakness may progress over hours to days to involve the arms, truncal muscles, cranial nerves, and muscles of respiration. (medscape.com)
  • 1. Either of two types of groups of nerve cells (sympathetic ganglion, parasympathetic ganglion) in the autonomic nervous system. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • These ganglia are a meshwork of visceral afferent, sympathetic, and parasympathetic axons that coat the lower part of the trachea, its bifurcation, the aorta, the pulmonary trunk, and the coronary arteries. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • This ganglion receives preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the midbrain via the oculomotor nerve (CN III). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • It sends postganglionic parasympathetic axons into the eye, via the short ciliary nerves, to innervate the ciliaris and the pupillary sphincter. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Another group of autonomic ganglia are the terminal ganglia that receive input from cranial nerves or sacral spinal nerves and are responsible for regulating the parasympathetic aspect of homeostatic mechanisms. (lumenlearning.com)
  • However, these visceral sensory nerves often colocalize within sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • The 12 cranial nerves of the dog emerge from or enter the brain through foramina of the skull to innervate structures of the head and body. (veteriankey.com)
  • The large spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve is a conspicuous object in sections through the pons and medulla oblongata. (co.ma)
  • Finally, reaching the level of the nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, the fibres of the mesencephalic root turn forwards and are said to join the sensory part (Johnston) of the trigeminal nerve. (co.ma)
  • For example, the trigeminal ganglion is superficial to the temporal bone whereas its associated nerve is attached to the mid-pons region of the brain stem. (lumenlearning.com)
  • Axons enter the pons to form the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, which courses caudally through the medulla to the level of the first cervical spinal cord segment. (darkskiesfilm.com)
  • The exception to this is the vagus nerve , which is the longest cranial nerve. (healthline.com)
  • The Vagus nerve is one exception that provides innervation to structures in the head and neck region as well as in the abdomen and chest cavity. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • The olfactory nerve has sensory function. (healthline.com)
  • Olfactory nerve. (lookformedical.com)
  • The olfactory nerve conveys the sense of smell. (lookformedical.com)
  • Traumatic injuries to the OLFACTORY NERVE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. (lookformedical.com)
  • The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses, forming the olfactory glomeruli. (lookformedical.com)
  • Diseases of the first cranial (olfactory) nerve, which usually feature anosmia or other alterations in the sense of smell and taste. (lookformedical.com)
  • Long after the present numbering scheme was adopted, an additional, accessory olfactory nerve, the nervus terminalis, was recognized as a vomeronasal component of the olfactory system and was sometimes given the numeral designation of cranial nerve "0. (veteriankey.com)
  • It is considered here as a part of cranial nerve I, the olfactory nerve. (veteriankey.com)
  • Direct link to bagleyajon's post "The olfactory nerve (1st). (khanacademy.org)
  • Comment on bagleyajon's post "The olfactory nerve (1st). (khanacademy.org)
  • Either of the paired prevertebral autonomic ganglia in the nerve plexus surrounding the aortic roots of the renal arteries. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. (lookformedical.com)
  • You have 12 pairs of cranial nerves. (healthline.com)
  • In fish and amphibians there are only 10 pairs of cranial nerves, because the succeeding nerves are not enclosed by the skull and hence are considered as spinal nerves. (veteriankey.com)
  • Reptiles, birds, and mammals all have 12 pairs of cranial nerves, which by convention are numbered with Roman numerals I to XII. (veteriankey.com)
  • The nuclei of the cranial nerves are the collection of cell bodies of axons forming that cranial nerve. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Instead, it is a site where axons project from neuronal cell bodies in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
  • Input from the vestibular nuclei and vestibulocerebullum to the oculomotor nuclei causes what? (freezingblue.com)
  • Ini nabibilog nin dai nababaak na tubo poon sa ibabaw kan gulod sagkod sa kapatagan kun saen an axon synapses kaiba an mga awat kaiyan sa kalamnan, o natatapos sa sensitibong mga resibo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear portion: The cell bodies for axons that travel in the oculomotor nerve reside in the column-shaped nuclear groups on either side of the midbrain tegmentum. (medscape.com)
  • Fascicular intraparenchymal midbrain portion: The fascicular portion of the oculomotor nerve courses ventrally from the nucleus in the dorsal midbrain tegmentum, passes through the red nucleus, and emerges from the medial aspect of the cerebral peduncle. (medscape.com)
  • Subarachnoid portion: The cisternal portion of the nerve is in the subarachnoid space anterior to the midbrain and in close proximity to the posterior communicating artery. (medscape.com)
  • It also interacts with the third and fourth cranial nerves, oculomotor and trochlear, respectively, as well as with the eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) to perform conjugate eye movements (discussed later). (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Your nervous system is composed of a network of nerves and nerve cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body. (healthline.com)
  • The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, made up of nerves and ganglia. (khanacademy.org)
  • The cranial nerves originate in the brain and travel outward to your head, face, and neck. (healthline.com)
  • Most of the cranial nerves originate from the brain stem. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • A roughly spherical ganglion of unipolar neuronal cell bodies in the posterior roots of each spinal nerve near the intervertebral foramina. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • An enlargement on a nerve that does not contain neuronal cell bodies and is therefore not a true ganglion. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • These hypothalamic cell bodies produce hormones that undergo axonal transport through the pituitary stalk and into terminal axons within the neurohypophysis. (medscape.com)
  • Not until reptiles evolved did the development of the skull envelop the first and second spinal nerves, making them cranial nerves XI (accessory nerve) and XII (hypoglossal nerve). (veteriankey.com)
  • Cranial nerves are so named because they originate directly from the brain. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • The axons that cross originate largely from the medial or nasal aspect of each retina. (veteriankey.com)
  • This ganglion is enclosed in a capsule that is a continuation of the epineurium of the spinal nerve. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • 1. An investigation has been made into the function and distribution of nerve fibres in the abdominal ganglion chain and its roots in the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, by leading off action potentials from small prepared bundles following sensory stimulation. (caltech.edu)
  • The ganglion is an enlargement of the nerve root. (lumenlearning.com)
  • Another type of sensory ganglion is a cranial nerve ganglion . (lumenlearning.com)
  • This is analogous to the dorsal root ganglion, except that it is associated with a cranial nerve instead of a spinal nerve . (lumenlearning.com)
  • However, it is still an enigmatic syndrome but which requires the same time, case reports have demonstrated that vip released from the medi- except more and more of life events and pro- cisation of the ganglion cell nerve axons leave lens transparent lens supported in the vagina. (ben.edu)
  • They are located in the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • The retinal ganglion cell axons pass from the optic tract into the geniculate body where they synapse. (neupsykey.com)
  • 2. Proprioceptive impulses have been recorded from the distal portion of these nerves during passive movements of the swimmerets. (caltech.edu)
  • A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses that are transmitted along each of the axons. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • The nervous impulse is conveyed by the geniculocalcarine pathway, composed of the axons from the geniculate body cells that pass through the temporal and parietal lobes, to synapse in the calcarine cortex in the occipital lobe which relays the impulses for higher cortical analyses such as reading and recognition. (neupsykey.com)
  • Fibres constantly leave it to enter the nucleus, so that the lower it gets the smaller does the spinal tract become until, in the upper part of the spinal medulla, about the level of the first or second spinal nerve, it disappears altogether. (co.ma)
  • We conclude that the neurodegenerative deficits in HMSN/ACC are primarily caused by an axonopathy superimposed upon abnormal development, affecting peripheral but also central nervous system axons, all ultimately because of a genetic defect in the axonal cotransporter KCC3. (nature.com)
  • The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. (lookformedical.com)
  • Where does the nasal retina fields send axons to? (freezingblue.com)
  • Visual loss may be due to abnormalities of the ocular media, the retina, the anterior visual pathway (the optic nerves, chiasm, and optic tracts), or the geniculocalcarine pathway ( Fig. 9.1 and Table 9.1 ). (neupsykey.com)
  • They receive preganglionic sympathetic axons via the thoracic splanchnic nerves. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • they receive preganglionic sympathetic innervation primarily from the greater thoracic splanchnic nerves. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor function. (healthline.com)
  • White matter disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lead to failure of nerve conduction and long-lasting neurological disabilities affecting a variety of sensory and motor systems, including vision. (bvsalud.org)
  • The sensory and motor innervation to the structures in the head and neck region of the body is exclusively provided by the cranial nerves. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. (lookformedical.com)
  • A connective tissue sheath called the epineurium surrounds each nerve. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • Several layers of fluid -filled connective tissue lamellae (like an onion) surround the nerve terminal. (freezingblue.com)
  • The PNS is made up of nerves that branch off from your CNS. (healthline.com)
  • Nerves are bundles of axons that work together to transmit signals. (healthline.com)
  • Here it is traversed and broken up into separate bundles by the olivo-cerebellar fibres and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. (co.ma)
  • So are nerves bundles of axons, and ganglia bundles of somas? (khanacademy.org)
  • Patient with left posterior communicating artery aneurysm and third cranial nerve palsy. (medscape.com)
  • Berry aneurysm at the junction between the posterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery is an important cause of oculomotor nerve palsy. (medscape.com)
  • Greater and lesser palatine foramina (for palatine nerves and arteries) and posterior nasal spine Vomer 1. (slideshare.net)
  • It may also result from a lesion in the oculomotor or vestibular systems from diplopia or oscillopsia. (neupsykey.com)
  • Small tumor-like overgrowths of axons, termed axonomas, were found in the central and peripheral nervous system, indicating attempted axonal regeneration. (nature.com)
  • Nerves are found only in the peripheral nervous system. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Peripheral nervous system (PNS) alterations were characterised using standard morphological techniques, including nerve fibre teasing and transmission electron microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1. Electrical activity recorded in the first roots of the abdominal nerve cord show bursts of activity which accompany rhythmic movements of the swimmerets. (caltech.edu)
  • The roots of cranial nerves are within the cranium, whereas the ganglia are outside the skull. (lumenlearning.com)
  • Spontaneous paresis of White Leghorns is caused by cell-mediated, inflammatory demyelination affecting multiple cranial and spinal nerves and nerve roots with a proximodistal tapering. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the major functions of CSF is as a mechanical buffer however it does not just provide a physical cushion and reduces tension on nerve roots but also accommodates the pressure of the systolic pulse and reduces the weight of this heavy organ. (marysfamilymedicine.org)
  • Sciatic nerve, largest and thickest nerve of the human body that is the principal continuation of all the roots of the sacral plexus. (thefirstgensite.com)
  • The primary symptom is diplopia caused by misalignment of the visual axes, and the pattern of image separation is the key to diagnosing which particular ocular motor cranial nerve (and extraocular muscle) is involved. (medscape.com)
  • We conclude that alpha2-chimaerin has a critical developmental function in ocular motor axon pathfinding. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 2. Levator palpebral superioris, (also supplied by sympathetic nerves). (rahulgladwin.com)
  • The internal carotid artery, along with its sympathetic plexus and abducents nerve, is wrapped in a sheath called a carotid sheath. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • A nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity. (lookformedical.com)
  • For the internal strabismus, the defect sometimes is due to any damage to the abducent nerve, the sixth cranial nerve. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • In the following text, we shall have a look at the origin, course, classification, and functional component(s) of the abducent nerve. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Last but not least, we shall have a look at the diseases caused by damage to the abducent nerve. (brainmadesimple.com)
  • The abducent or abducent nerve is the sixth cranial nerve (CN VI). (brainmadesimple.com)
  • Dysfunction of one or more cranial nerves causally related to a traumatic injury. (lookformedical.com)