X ChromosomeSex ChromosomesDosage Compensation, GeneticGenes, X-LinkedY ChromosomeChromosomes, InsectChromosomes, Human, XChromosomesChromosome MappingX Chromosome InactivationChromosome PaintingChromosomes, MammalianEvolution, MolecularKaryotypingGenetic LinkageTranslocation, GeneticSex Chromosome AberrationsCrosses, GeneticDrosophila melanogasterSex Determination ProcessesNondisjunction, GeneticGenome, InsectGenomeSex ChromatinDrosophilaChromosomes, Human, 4-5In Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceSpermatocytesModels, GeneticMeiosisGenetic MarkersGenes, InsectBiological EvolutionGenes, Y-LinkedSpecies SpecificityCrossing Over, GeneticChromosomes, Artificial, BacterialChromosomes, Human, 13-15Selection, GeneticSileneRadiation Hybrid MappingChromosomes, HumanChromosome BandingGenetic VariationCaenorhabditis elegansGenes, LethalMosaicismMicrosatellite RepeatsDisorders of Sex DevelopmentQuantitative Trait LociKlinefelter SyndromeSex Determination AnalysisGonadal DysgenesisRecombination, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataPlatypusHousefliesPhysical Chromosome MappingPan troglodytesAneuploidyPhenotypeSpermatogenesisGenome, HumanPhylogenyChromosome AberrationsHeterochromatinSex CharacteristicsDipteraGenotypeSequence Analysis, DNAChromosome PairingAllelesMutationHybrid CellsChromosomes, Human, YChromosomes, Human, 21-22 and YGenetics, PopulationQuantitative Trait, HeritableSyntenyHybridization, GeneticPachytene StageBase SequenceCold-Shock ResponseHeterozygoteDNA, HelminthLong Interspersed Nucleotide ElementsTurner SyndromeRNA, Long NoncodingCentromereGenome, HelminthInfertility, MalePolymorphism, GeneticTrisomyChromosome SegregationDNA, SatelliteRepetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidDrosophila ProteinsChromosome InversionSheep, DomesticSex Ratio