Auditory systems. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the new study, the researchers showed that exposing a computational model of the human auditory system to a full range of frequencies from the beginning led to worse generalization performance on tasks that require absorbing information over longer periods of time - for example, identifying emotions from a voice clip. (scienceblog.com)
The Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) serves as a popular and widely used model organism for the human auditory system. (uni-muenchen.de)
The mainstay of the human auditory system is the cochlea, a coiled duct measuring about 30 millimeters. (home-remedies-for-you.com)

For example, cuprizone-induced demyelination promotes hyper- and depolarizing shifts of the resting membrane potential of auditory thalamocortical pathway neurons and reduction in action potential firing of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons 7 . (biorxiv.org)
Prior to describing the recent identification of clock systems in the auditory pathway, we will review general aspects of the structure and function of the mammalian circadian system. (entokey.com)
This article discusses the anatomy of the auditory pathway (see the following images), as well as a few physiologic considerations and clinical applications. (medscape.com)
Illustration of the auditory reflex pathway. (medscape.com)
The shell encapsulates and is extensively connected with the central nucleus of the IC, which forms part of the tonotopically organized core or lemniscal auditory pathway to the primary auditory cortex. (elifesciences.org)
The auditory pathway processes sound information as it travels from the ear to the brain so that our brain pathways are part of our hearing. (cdc.gov)

Here, we used in vivo two-photon Ca 2+ imaging to probe the organization of the mouse primary auditory cortex and show that the spatial organization of neural response properties (frequency tuning) within the thalamorecipient layer (L3b/4) is more homogeneous than in supragranular layers (L2/3). (jneurosci.org)
These findings reveal a transformation of sensory representations that occurs between layers within the auditory cortex, which could generate sequentially more complex analysis of the acoustic scene incorporating a broad range of spectrotemporal sound features. (jneurosci.org)
Here, we investigate the transformation of the representation of sound frequency in mouse primary auditory cortex (A1). (jneurosci.org)
A plate for securing the head was attached to the skull and a 2 mm diameter craniotomy was performed above the auditory cortex. (jneurosci.org)
Here, we removed the ECM in the primary auditory cortex (ACx) of adult Mongolian gerbils using local injections of hyaluronidase (HYase). (nature.com)
Here, we acutely weakened the ECM in the primary auditory cortex (ACx) of adult Mongolian gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus ) by local microinjections of hyaluronidase (HYase). (nature.com)
We focused on the primary auditory cortex (A1) due to the crucial role that temporal precision plays in the processing of auditory information. (biorxiv.org)
In hearing, such representations have been observed in auditory cortex but never in combination with behavioural testing, which is essential in order to link neural codes to perceptual constancy. (biorxiv.org)
By testing ferrets in a vowel discrimination task which they perform across multiple stimulus dimensions and recording neuronal activity in auditory cortex we directly correlate neural tolerance with perceptual constancy. (biorxiv.org)
We decoded the responses of simultaneously recorded units in auditory cortex to identity units informative about vowel identity across each of these task-orthogonal variations in acoustic input. (biorxiv.org)
Our results show that neural tolerance can be observed within single units in auditory cortex in animals demonstrating perceptual constancy. (biorxiv.org)
The auditory cortex is considered crucial for the integration of acoustic and contextual information and is thought to share the resulting representations with subcortical auditory structures via its vast descending projections. (elifesciences.org)
This illustrates that subcortical auditory structures have access to a wealth of non-acoustic information and can, independently of the auditory cortex, carry much richer neural representations than previously thought. (elifesciences.org)
This work suggests that behavior outcome information in the inferior colliculus persists in absence of top-down feedback from the auditory cortex. (elifesciences.org)

I am presenting the second hour on what children need to hear in the classroom to be successful, and Dr. Gail Whitelaw will be presenting the third hour on auditory processing disorders. (audiologyonline.com)
SCAN-3:A Tests for Auditory Processing Disorders in Adolescents and Adults (SCAN-3:A) is a battery of tests to detect auditory processing disorders in adolescents and adults. (pearsonassessments.com)
SCAN-3:A helps differentiate disorders from auditory comprehension skills and auditory attention difficulties. (pearsonassessments.com)
You might ask: "How many adults with auditory processing disorders do you work with in a year? (ldonline.org)
While not currently defined within existing classification systems, and not clearly fitting within the framework of extant psychiatric conditions, misophonia has historically been studied most frequently within the context of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. (lu.se)

Neurons in the auditory system respond best to sounds in a narrow range of frequencies. (jneurosci.org)
In normal adult zebra finches, LMAN neurons exhibit highly selective responses to auditory presentation of the bird's own song (BOS), possibly providing a permanent referent for song maintenance. (jneurosci.org)
A child's brain is born with about a billion neurons, but with experience and exposure, the brain will grow about a quadrillion auditory connections. (audiologyonline.com)

However, paradigms involving affective auditory stimuli have yet to adapt to the online approach due to concerns about the lack of experimental control and other technical challenges. (springer.com)
The impacts of myelin and demyelination are particularly evident in the auditory system, where precise coding and maintenance of timing information of sound stimuli are critical for normal auditory tasks, including spatial hearing and sound localization 6 . (biorxiv.org)
In a study involving shifting of attention between auditory and visual stimuli, Shomstein and Yantis (2006) observed distributed activation including bilateral parietal lobule [and superior temporal sulcus (STS)], consistent with the idea that audition and vision share a common supramodal attention network. (frontiersin.org)

In support of this idea, juvenile zebra finches subjected to vocal nerve section fail to accurately imitate the tutor song and subsequently, as adults, lack auditory responses in LMAN ( Solis and Doupe, 2000 ). (jneurosci.org)
This matching model predicts that LMAN auditory responses in adults should diminish after manipulations that distort the adult BOS and trigger decrystallization. (jneurosci.org)
Furthermore, focal demyelination in A1 permanently disrupts its tonotopic organization 8 and auditory frequency-specific responses in MGB 9 . (biorxiv.org)
Behavioral results showed that while the proposed system increased recognition in one noise condition (background music), it also led to slower responses in two other noise conditions (windows-down and windows-up noise). (researchgate.net)
Moreover, physiological similarity in inner ear construction, brain auditory responses and unexpected richness in vocal signaling attested to the tremendous interest to mice bioacoustics and emotion perception. (acoustics.org)
Hearing function was assessed using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and the compound action potential (CAP). (cdc.gov)

If the auditory nerve is kept intact, then the patients will also receive a cochlear implant at the same time potentially alleviating the morbidities caused by a vestibular schwannoma and asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss. (wustl.edu)
Certain drugs (ototoxic) can cause damage to the auditory or vestibular hair cells. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
The peripheral segments of the cochlear and vestibular nerves join at the lateral part of the internal auditory canal (IAC) to form the vestibulocochlear nerve. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between duration of exposure and auditory and vestibular implications. (bvsalud.org)

In order for the brain to develop those connections, we have to feed the brain auditory information. (audiologyonline.com)

Kids with this condition, also known as central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), can't understand what they hear in the same way other kids do. (kidshealth.org)
Right, unless your listener has a CAPD (Central Auditory Processing Disorder), then your remark might come through with certain words drowned out by other noises, or with some words sounding like different words or as meaningless strings of verbiage. (ldonline.org)

Leveraging the fine temporal resolution of MEG, we establish that activity in left FEF is enhanced both prior to and throughout the auditory stimulus when listeners direct auditory attention to target location compared to when they focus on target pitch. (frontiersin.org)

Stellate (chopper) cells encode sound spectra (peaks and valleys) by spatial neural firing rates based on auditory input strength (rather than frequency). (wikipedia.org)
Just as with other forms of memory, auditory memory is rooted in the brain's complex neural networks. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Myelination of central nervous system axons increases the conduction speed of neural impulses and contributes to the function and maintenance of neural circuits. (biorxiv.org)
However, relatively little is known about the neural circuitry controlling attention directed to non-spatial features, or to auditory objects or features (either spatial or non-spatial). (frontiersin.org)
The results are valuable for researchers interested in how behavior impacts neural coding, as they urge us to focus the spotlight on non-cortical mechanisms of high-level activity in early auditory pathways. (elifesciences.org)

We therefore argue that left FEF participates more strongly in directing auditory spatial attention, while the left STS aids auditory object selection based on the non-spatial acoustic feature of pitch. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we contrast whole-brain activity during spatial and non-spatial auditory attention tasks, asking whether different cortical areas participate when listeners attend to location versus pitch. (frontiersin.org)

Structures of the auditory system such as the ossicles and the round window can be identified from the obtained 3D volumes. (cnrs.fr)

Antunes and Malmierca, 2021 ), making them a particularly suitable system for investigating the behavioral and physiological consequences of corticofugal processing. (elifesciences.org)
Efter en hel del olika öron-relaterade experiment * (kommer att beskriva dem ingående i underflik http://carism.se/2021-22/my-experimental-intervention-work/nytt-perspektiv-pa-svar-tinnitus/mer-info/ - pågående ej klart än) associerade med mina Svåra Tinnitus Alarm Syndrom (STAS) kommer jag fram till en fråga som kan ha stor klinisk betydelse, givet detta diskuteras i den formella ÖNH-medicinsk-kliniska utbildningsmaterialen. (carism.se)

This is the timing of a child's processing system, which helps them recognize differences in speech sounds (such as mat versus pat). (kidshealth.org)
If a child's auditory memory falters, they might find themselves lost amidst multi-step problems, confused about sequences in history, or unable to discuss the nuances of a story shared in class. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
What goes in is what comes out, so when we talk about listening for learning, we want to give the child's brain access to clear, accurate auditory information. (audiologyonline.com)

Hence, in order to express optogenetic tools in the gerbil auditory brainstem and midbrain, a reliable and neuron specific gene delivery system needs to be established as a major prerequisite. (uni-muenchen.de)
Surprisingly, this was also the case in mice in which auditory cortical input to the midbrain had been removed by bilateral cortical lesions. (elifesciences.org)
One of their main targets is the inferior colliculus (IC), an obligatory midbrain relay for nearly all ascending auditory input. (elifesciences.org)
However, experimental evidence, especially from behaving animals, that could help explain what information the auditory midbrain and other subcortical sensory structures rely on their cortical input for is still very limited. (elifesciences.org)

Such auditory plasticity could be detected during the second week after nerve section, before the time birds typically decrystallized their songs. (jneurosci.org)
Moreover, all birds that underwent decrystallization at later times always manifested auditory plasticity in LMAN. (jneurosci.org)

Audiogram of a 5-year-old girl with right unilateral external auditory canal atresia (EACA) is shown. (medscape.com)
Her physical examination shows a pinpoint opening at the external auditory canal (EAC) now, and this audiogram confirms improved hearing in the right ear compared to the prior audiogram (see image above). (medscape.com)

This unique probe consists of a 18 MHz 24 elements curved array transducer with a distal diameter of 4 mm so it can be inserted into the external auditory canal. (cnrs.fr)
External auditory canal (EAC) atresia (EACA) is a rare congenital disorder. (medscape.com)

2. explore sensory physiology at an advanced level from single neuron function to complex neuronal networks in the visual, auditory and somatosensory systems. (ncl.ac.uk)

The Auditory Nerve Test System (ANTS) is a novel device that stimulates the auditory nerve much like a cochlear implant. (wustl.edu)
At various times after nerve section, electrophysiological recordings made under anesthesia revealed that auditory selectivity in LMAN could shift to the spectrally distorted song. (jneurosci.org)
The longer central fibers, also called the primary auditory fibers, form the cochlear nerve, and the shorter, peripheral fibers extend to the bases of the inner and outer hair cells. (medscape.com)

Here, using combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) and anatomical information obtained from MRI, we contrasted cortical activity when observers attended to different auditory features given the same acoustic mixture of two simultaneous spoken digits. (frontiersin.org)

Auditory memory deficits, auditory attention problems, and sound sensitivity are not symptoms of APD, but also may involve trouble with using sound information correctly. (kidshealth.org)
This program was specifically designed to improve auditory processing deficits which may underlie some language impairments. (nih.gov)
Children who have auditory processing deficits can jumble the order of sounds that are heard in close sequence. (nih.gov)

Exposure to higher concentrations of vinyl chloride for longer durations can cause death, presumably due to central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory depression. (cdc.gov)

Enjoy the true immersive auditory sensation. (msi.com)

1. introduce the principles and practice of modern methods (primarily neurophysiology, imaging, and computational approaches) for investigating sensory systems (vision, audition and somatosensation). (ncl.ac.uk)

The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing. (wikipedia.org)
Auditory processing disorder (APD) is a hearing problem that affects about 3%-5% of school-aged children. (kidshealth.org)
Our auditory system uses information from both ears to establish localisation (i.e. where the sound is coming from), improve discrimination when hearing in noise and is less strenuous than trying to listen with just one ear. (thehearingconsultancy.ie)
Any kind of damage to the auditory system can result in loss of hearing ability and sense of balance. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
Anytime the word hearing is used, we should think auditory brain development, because we hear with the brain. (audiologyonline.com)
Instead, it affects the hearing system beyond the ear, whose job it is to separate a meaningful message from non-essential background sound and deliver that information with good clarity to the intellectual centers of the brain (the central nervous system). (ldonline.org)
A hearing loss can happen when any part of the ear or auditory (hearing) system is not working in the usual way. (cdc.gov)
Hearing protection devices (HPD) are commonly used to protect workers exposed to dangerous levels of noise, and their effective attenuation can now be routinely assessed using fit testing system, also known as Field Attenuation Estimation Systems (FAES). (cdc.gov)
Ototoxicity occurs when chemical substances affect the auditory or hearing system. (cdc.gov)

The most accurate way to sort out CAPDs from other problems that mimic them, however, is through clinical audiologic tests of central nervous system function. (ldonline.org)
3. gain an understanding of how basic experimental studies and clinical investigations reveal the neuronal mechanisms underlying function of sensory systems in health and disease. (ncl.ac.uk)

In sum, this study successfully adapted and established gene delivery and optogenetic tools in the auditory system of the Mongolian Gerbil. (uni-muenchen.de)

After this course, readers will be able to describe auditory brain development as the foundation of listening, language and literacy for all children, explain bottom up and top down processing as influenced by acoustic accessibility, and describe signal-to-noise ratio (S/N Ratio) and technologies that are designed to enhance the S/N ratio. (audiologyonline.com)
Mice gave up color vision, developed exceptional stereoscopic smell, and learned to be deceptively quiet in human auditory range, discretely shifting their social acoustic interaction to higher frequencies. (acoustics.org)
Auditory fatigue was measured by comparing the acoustic reflex threshold before and after the workday. (cdc.gov)

Participants answered a questionnaire and underwent auditory tests. (cdc.gov)

Integrated hardware, software, and curriculum systems allow students to record data from their own bodies, animal, or tissue preps to learn principles of life science physiology. (biopac.com)
Starter systems, core systems, and add-ons for life science physiology labs. (biopac.com)

However, during the prenatal period, while the auditory system is still developing, babies are exposed to degraded sound quality in the womb. (scienceblog.com)
The primary function of our auditory system is detection of sound. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
Listen to the most authentic auditory experience with Dynaudio sound system and front-firing speakers. (msi.com)
The Western musical system, however, is rooted in psychoacoustic properties of sound, and this is not the case for linguistic syntax. (u-bourgogne.fr)

Tonotopy, the spatially ordered gradient of neuronal frequency preference, originates in the cochlea and is preserved through all stages of the auditory system to varying degrees. (jneurosci.org)
Furthermore, we now know that central nervous system (CNS) myelin thickness and density is influenced by experience, i.e. myelin is negatively influenced by deprivation 10 , 11 and increased by neuronal activity and novelty 12 , 13 . (biorxiv.org)

To support this view, we simulated numerous empirical studies that investigated the processing of harmonic structures, using a model based on the accumulation of sensory information in auditory memory. (u-bourgogne.fr)

In contrast, activity in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), a region previously associated with auditory pitch categorization, is greater when listeners direct attention to target pitch rather than target location. (frontiersin.org)

SCAN-3:A provides screening, diagnostic and supplementary tests to help evaluate key indicators of auditory processing ability in adolescents and adults. (pearsonassessments.com)
Children and adults whose auditory problems have not been recognized and dealt with are forced to invent their own solutions. (ldonline.org)

We describe a study on how auditory and visual feedback affects eye typing. (yorku.ca)
Misophonia is an often chronic condition characterized by strong, unpleasant emotional reactions when exposed to specific auditory or visual triggers. (lu.se)

These primary auditory fibers exit the modiolus through the internal meatus and enter the medulla oblongata. (medscape.com)

After that study was published in 2018, the researchers wanted to explore whether this phenomenon could also be seen in other types of sensory systems. (scienceblog.com)

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the major pacemaker of the circadian system that receives photic information directly from the retina and synchronizes peripheral oscillators found in other brain areas and peripheral tissues (entrainment). (entokey.com)

Complete VKH disease: Although involvement of all 3 systems is necessary for classification as complete disease, the neurologic and auditory manifestations often resolve before an ophthalmic examination. (medscape.com)
Patients with complete VKH disease also must have evidence of neurologic and auditory manifestations, as well as integumentary signs. (medscape.com)
However, the neurologic and auditory manifestations may resolve before an ophthalmic examination. (medscape.com)
Incomplete VKH disease: Patients with incomplete VKH disease have either neurologic and auditory manifestations or integumentary signs, but not both. (medscape.com)

Damage to the auditory system can result in a condition known as tinnitus. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
The neurologic and auditory signs include the following: meningismus, tinnitus, integumentary signs, and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. (medscape.com)

The "mouth" of the internal auditory canal (IAC) is called the porus acusticus. (medscape.com)

Such challenges could be indicative of issues with auditory memory, a vital skill that influences not just academic performance, but also many facets of day-to-day interactions and activities. (learningsuccesssystem.com)

Auditory discrimination (pitch, intensity, localization and time) will be measured by electrophysiology (EEG) before and after training. (who.int)

Using simple computer models of the human auditory processing, the researchers showed that initially limiting input to low-frequency sounds as the models learned to perform certain tasks actually improved their performance. (scienceblog.com)
To address auditory processing problems, a different group of language researchers developed the computer software package called Fast ForWord-Language several years ago. (nih.gov)

For instance, if a teacher lists out tasks like, "Write your name, date, and then answer the questions," a child with auditory memory difficulties might only manage the first instruction, forgetting the subsequent ones. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Dichotic listening tasks (poor performance may indicate lack of maturation or abnormality of the auditory nervous system). (pearsonassessments.com)

This selectivity develops in parallel with song learning (Solis and Doupe, 1997 ) and is compromised by chronically disrupting auditory feedback during song learning ( Solis and Doupe, 2000 ), suggesting that auditory feedback shapes LMAN selectivity ( Brainard and Doupe, 2000b ). (jneurosci.org)

Auditory Figure Ground (+8 dB and +12 dB) and Time Compressed Sentences. (pearsonassessments.com)

A white seabass' strong auditory senses allow it to recognize man-made noises coming from above the surface. (sportfishingmag.com)
The same auditory senses allow this species to distinctly hear a wide range of sounds, including man-made noises such as the slamming of a deck hatch or the rattle of an anchor chain - sounds that tend to repulse white seabass, Allen has observed. (sportfishingmag.com)

So, what are the telltale signs that a child might be grappling with auditory memory difficulties? (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Children with auditory memory difficulties might often seem to "mishear" or misunderstand instructions or stories. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
What factors contribute to auditory memory difficulties? (learningsuccesssystem.com)

Octopus cells have close to the best temporal precision while firing, they decode the auditory timing code. (wikipedia.org)

Isolated systems anomalies included central nervous system (12 cases), cardiovascular system (9 cases), skeletal system (7 cases) and gastrointestinal system (6 cases). (who.int)

Diving deeper, auditory memory refers to our ability to take in information presented orally, process it, retain it in our short-term memory, and later recall it. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
In an academic setting, auditory memory plays a foundational role. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
A child with robust auditory memory can follow through systematically. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Day-to-day activities, too, are influenced by auditory memory. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Whether it's remembering grocery lists recited by parents, instructions for a board game with friends, or the details of a recent family outing discussed at the dinner table, auditory memory is at play. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Whether it's a teacher's instruction, a friend's story, or a parent's directive, constantly seeking repetitions can indicate gaps in auditory memory retention. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Failing to remember a teacher's question or the crux of a peer's argument in a debate can hint at auditory memory issues. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
A child who struggles to remember or recite them, even after multiple repetitions, might be showing signs of auditory memory challenges. (learningsuccesssystem.com)
Accordingly, musical syntax processing could be parsimoniously understood as an emergent property of auditory memory rather than a property of abstract processing similar to linguistic processing. (u-bourgogne.fr)
The simulations revealed that most of the musical syntax manipulations used with behavioral and neurophysiological methods as well as with developmental and cross-cultural approaches can be accounted for by the auditory memory model. (u-bourgogne.fr)

Anatomy38

Organisms17

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Psychiatry and Psychology32

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations5

Humanities1

Information Science7

Health Care6

Human auditory system3

Pathway6

Cortex14

Disorders5

Neurons3

Stimuli3

Responses6

Vestibular4

Brain auditory1

Central auditory2

Stimulus1

Neural5

Spatial2

Ossicles1

20212

Child's3

Midbrain4

Plasticity2

Audiogram2

External audit2

Neuron1

Nerve3

Cortical1

Deficits3

Exposure1

Immersive1

Computational1

Hearing9

Clinical2

Mongolian1

Acoustic3

Underwent1

Physiology2

Sound4

Neuronal2

Structures1

Listeners1

Adults2

Visual2

Primary1

Sensory systems1

Peripheral1

Manifestations4

Tinnitus2

Canal1

Influences1

Discrimination1

Researchers2

Tasks2

Shapes1

Sentences1

Senses2

Difficulties3

Temporal precision1

Nervous system1

Memory10