• Anticipation of atrial arrhythmias in patients with specific clinical descriptors may be used to guide prophylactic therapy. (duke.edu)
  • As an assistant professor in the Department of Medicine, Dr. Hoffmayer conducts research on the electrophysiologic mechanisms and pathophysiology of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, novel mapping and ablation techniques of ventricular tachycardia, safety and efficacy of antiarrhythmic therapy, body surface mapping and electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), and cardiac resynchronization therapy. (ucsd.edu)
  • As with most symptomatic arrhythmias, conversion should ideally be achieved before transfer, except in the case of a hemodynamically stable patient referred to an institution with clearly superior expertise and facilities for management of pediatric atrial flutter. (medscape.com)
  • Wynnewood, PA - Early experiences with an ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring system have shown the device to be effective at detecting cardiac arrhythmias in patients with and without symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary vein arrhythmias have been associated with the development of atrial fibrillation. (acc.org)
  • (5,6) While our patient has had improvement of his LVEF, and is free from arrhythmias, his future risk of the development of atrial fibrillation is unknown. (acc.org)
  • The presence of late-potentials helps identify individuals at risk for developing life-threatening arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. (bcm.edu)
  • CARL pioneered computational mapping of 'chaotic' heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias), targeting mechanistic drivers for atrial and ventricular fibrillation (AF, VF) using machine learning and computational models. (stanford.edu)
  • Specific support has been via grants HL70529 and HL162260 for ventricular arrhythmias, and HL103800, HL83359, HL122384, HL149134, and several SBIR grants for atrial arrhythmias. (stanford.edu)
  • Benign fetal arrhythmias, including premature contractions and sinus tachycardia, do not need any treatment before and after birth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A 10-year observational study on the pregnant women demonstrated 29 cases of fetal arrhythmias: 12 (41.4%) of which were fetal tachycardias (10 cases with SVT, 2 cases with atrial flutter (AF)), 5 (17.2%) were fetal bradyarrhythmias (all 5 cases with AV block), and 12 (41.4%) were fetal irregular cardiac rhythms (premature atrial beats) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 11 beats per minute (bpm) and sinusal tachycardias, did not need any treatment before or after birth, whereas those with postnatal arrhythmias associated with hemodynamic fluctuations require interventions, as they may lead to preterm delivery in some occasions [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the fetus, atrial flutter is defined as a rapid regular atrial rate of 300-600 bpm accompanied by variable degrees of atrioventricular (AV) conduction block, resulting in slower ventricular rates. (medscape.com)
  • However, in rapid atrial tachycardias with variable atrioventricular (AV) conduction and in MAT, the pulse may be irregular. (medscape.com)
  • Atrioventricular 2:1-conduction via an accessory pathway during left atrial flutter unmasking WPW. (deepdyve.com)
  • However, accurate diagnostic workup of broad complex tachycardia is crucial to ensure correct indication for ICD treatment and to avoid unnecessary invasive treatment and device-associated morbidity.Case summaryWe present a case of atypical atrial flutter with 2:1 atrioventricular (AV) conduction via a left-posterior accessory pathway (AP), leading to the diagnosis of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. (deepdyve.com)
  • This can present with palpitations or syncope from an atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia or rarely sudden death secondary to ventricular fibrillation from rapid conduction of atrial fibrillation across the accessory pathway. (escardio.org)
  • An unusual case of non-reentrant atrioventricular nodal tachycardia. (jefferson.edu)
  • 340 bpm) during atrial flutter or when physiologic processes facilitate AV nodal conduction, such that a rapid ventricular response can still result in sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • In intact animals it slows heart rate, decreases AV nodal conduction and increases the refractory periods of atrial and ventricular muscle and conduction tissue. (nih.gov)
  • Adenosine is approved for the acute management and termination of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, in- cluding A-V nodal reentrant tachycardia and A-V recip-rocating tachycardia. (brainkart.com)
  • The onset of the SVT is typical of an AV-nodal re-entry tachycardia ( AVNRT ), although with the rate of 150bpm, atrial flutter with a 2:1 block is also a possibility. (litfl.com)
  • Patients who have undergone Mustard, Senning, or Fontan operations are more prone to developing this arrhythmia because of atrial scars from surgery and right atrial enlargement, usually seen after the classic Fontan operation. (medscape.com)
  • Atrial flutter is a reentrant arrhythmia circuit confined to the atrial chambers. (medscape.com)
  • Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) is an episode of arrhythmia that begins and ends abruptly. (wikipedia.org)
  • To minimize the risk of induced arrhythmia, patients initiated or re-initiated on Sotalol Hydrochloride Tablets (AF) should be placed for a minimum of three days (on their maintenance dose) in a facility that can provide cardiac resuscitation, continuous electrocardiographic monitoring and calculations of creatinine clearance. (nih.gov)
  • High-risk patients with cardiovascular or structural heart disease, history concerning for arrhythmia, abnormal electrocardiographic findings, or severe comorbidities should be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. (aafp.org)
  • During this type of tachycardia, the atrial rate is so rapid that normal AV nodes usually display a physiologic second-degree block , with a resultant 2:1 conduction ratio. (medscape.com)
  • A flutter circuit typically surrounds an anatomical or functional barrier and includes a zone of slow conduction (or conduction over an extended circuit) and an area of unidirectional block, as required for reentry of all types. (medscape.com)
  • Control of patients with flutter and/or chronic atrial fibrillation , except when associated with the existence of accessory conduction pathways (s. de Wolff-Parkinson-White, s. de Lown-Ganong-Levine). (activeingredients.online)
  • Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias , including: paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, including that associated with accessory conduction pathways (s. de Wolff-Parkinson-White, s. de Lown-Ganong-Levine). (activeingredients.online)
  • Atrial flutter or fibrillation, except when associated with the existence of accessory conduction pathways (s. de Wolff-Parkinson-White, s. de Lown-Ganong-Levine). (activeingredients.online)
  • Upon admission, the 72-year-old patient showed a regular broad complex tachycardia with superior axis and positive concordance in precordial leads, suggestive of either ventricular tachycardia (VT), antidromic AV re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT), or supraventricular tachycardia with antegrade conduction via a left-posterior AP. (deepdyve.com)
  • Interrogation of the two-chamber ICD, which was very likely implanted unjustified in a peripheral clinic before, revealed atrial flutter with 2:1 AV conduction. (deepdyve.com)
  • The distinction from aberrant conduction of supraventricular tachycardia may be difficult. (health.am)
  • Atrial Tachycardias After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: How to Manage? (aerjournal.com)
  • Ullah W, Ruge M, Hajduczok AG, Kochar K, Frisch DR, Pavri BB, Alvarez R, Rajapreyar IN, Brailovsky Y. Adverse outcomes of atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure patients with and without cardiac amyloidosis: a Nationwide Readmissions Database analysis (2015-2019). (jefferson.edu)
  • In cases of unexplained syncope, provocative testing and prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring strategies can be diagnostic. (aafp.org)
  • Patients with syncope and evidence of congestive heart failure or structural heart disease, abnormal electrocardiographic findings, or a family history of sudden death should be admitted to the hospital for emergent evaluation. (aafp.org)
  • Patients with syncope who are at low risk of adverse events (e.g., those with symptoms consistent with vasovagal or orthostatic hypotension syncope, no history of heart disease, no family history of sudden cardiac death, and normal electrocardiographic findings) may be safely followed without further intervention or treatment. (aafp.org)
  • Treatment of children with atrial flutter depends on the age of presentation and baseline cardiac anatomy. (medscape.com)
  • The reentrant circuits that occur in children with atrial flutter after congenital heart disease surgery are believed to involve abnormal atrial tissue that has been subject to chronic cyanosis, inflammation secondary to surgery, scarring, and increased wall stress in cases of enlarged atria. (medscape.com)
  • Restoring drug therapy may be indicated in some children with atrial flutter. (medscape.com)
  • Typical atrial flutter has been described as counterclockwise reentry within right atrial and it presents a characteristic ECG "sawtooth" pattern on the inferior leads. (unipa.it)
  • This is associated with right atrial overload, as in pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. (clinicalgate.com)
  • [ 16 ] In another study, there was a high incidence of thrombus/thromboembolism with atrial flutter or fibrillation in patients who underwent the Fontan surgery, but it was low in this population in the setting of electrical cardioversion and anticoagulation therapy. (medscape.com)
  • In patients who are stable and have chronic atrial flutter, perform cardioversion only after documentation of freedom from intracardiac thrombi or following a 2-week course of anticoagulation. (medscape.com)
  • An echo performed from your esophagus is very important in looking for blood clots if you have atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter and a cardioversion and/or radiofrequency ablation procedure is planned. (bcm.edu)
  • Flutter may require DC cardioversion or treatment with anti-arrhythmics (e.g. amiodarone). (litfl.com)
  • Flecainide is an IC antiarrhythmic drug approved in 1984 from Food and Drug Administration for the suppression of sustained ventricular tachycardia and later for acute cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) and for sinus rhythm maintenance. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Flecainide was first synthesized in 1972 and approved in 1984 from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the suppression of sustained ventricular tachycardia [ 1 ] and later for acute cardioversion of AF and for sinus rhythm maintenance. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Atrial tachycardia due to enhanced automaticity may be nonsustained but repetitive or it may be continuous or sustained, as in reentrant forms of atrial tachycardia. (medscape.com)
  • Reentrant atrial tachycardia is not uncommon in patients with a history of a surgically repaired atrial septal defect. (medscape.com)
  • The effects on the A-V node may result in a con-duction block and the termination of tachycardias that use the A-V node as a limb of a reentrant circuit. (brainkart.com)
  • Similarly, patients who have undergone surgical repair of an atrial septal defect , total anomalous pulmonary venous connection , and tetralogy of Fallot may later develop atrial flutter. (medscape.com)
  • 120ms) is commonly found in trained athletes but care is needed not to miss underlying pathology such as an atrial septal defect, brugada syndrome or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (see below) ( 1 ). (escardio.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Clinical correlates of atrial tachyarrhythmias after valve replacement for aortic stenosis. (duke.edu)
  • One hundred eighteen consecutive patients undergoing valve replacement for aortic stenosis were analyzed to determine the incidence of and predisposing factors to postoperative atrial tachyarrhythmias. (duke.edu)
  • Preoperative descriptors associated with an increased prevalence of atrial tachyarrhythmias were age 70 years or older (p less than .02), mitral regurgitation (p less than .002), history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (p less than .03), or antiarrhythmic therapy (p less than .006), diabetes mellitus (p less than .01), and elevated pulmonary systolic, mean, and capillary wedge pressures (p less than .02, p less than .007, p less than .005). (duke.edu)
  • More atrial premature beats and episodes of short run atrial tachyarrhythmias in the early period (within 2 weeks) after ablation were found in Group II. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Recurrence rate (2 of 28 vs. 3 of 29) and incidence of new sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias (3 of 28 vs. 3 of 29) was similar in the two groups, Occurrence of recurrent atrial butter and new sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias was related to associated cardiovascular disease and atrial enlargement in both groups. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Myocardial involvement may produce tachyarrhythmias, predominantly ventricular tachycardia (VT), but atrial tachycardias, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation may also occur. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Short discrete ramps or bursts of atrial stimuli are the most likely to produce a type I conversion of atrial flutter (immediate conversion to sinus rhythm), particularly if they can be delivered in or near the flutter circuit. (medscape.com)
  • Figure 1 is a 12-lead ECG demonstrating bursts of atrial tachycardia. (acc.org)
  • Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate a 12-lead electrocardiogram with bursts of atrial tachycardia and sinus rhythm. (acc.org)
  • In a patient with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the presence of warm-up phenomenon on an electrocardiogram (eg, on Holter monitoring) suggests that the SVT is atrial tachycardia. (medscape.com)
  • Serial 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) and follow-up electrophysiologic studies were performed to assess recurrence of tachycardia and possible atrial arrhythmogenic effects. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Holter analysis could offer further details to differentiate between atrial tachycardia and another supraventricular tachycardia. (unipa.it)
  • Publishing their early experiences with the mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry system, known as MCOT (CardioNet, San Diego, CA), in the April 2005 issue of the American Journal of Cardiology , the investigators write that "compared with Holter monitoring and external loop recorders, MCOT increases the sensitivity of detecting atrial fibrillation without symptoms by providing a longer period of monitoring and without the need for patient activation. (medscape.com)
  • Prior Holter monitoring demonstrated episodes of atrial fibrillation as well as an atrial tachycardia. (acc.org)
  • Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) signals were obtained from 10 patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with ECT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 7th beat is a premature atrial complex ( PAC ) with different morphology P, QRS and T waves, which initiates a run of a supraventricular tachycardia at 150bpm. (litfl.com)
  • Increasing utilization of long-term outpatient ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring continues to drive the need for improved ECG interpretation algorithms. (nih.gov)
  • Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring or monitoring during graded exercise may reveal more frequent and complex ventricular premature beats than occur in a single routine ECG. (health.am)
  • The NST group included AF, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias (PSVTs) including atrial tachycardias and indeterminate nonsinus rhythms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The investigators hypothesized that a combination of circumferential ablation with high-frequency-stimulation-identified GP ablation is superior to conventional circumferential ablation for the prevention of recurrences of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). (novoclinica.com)
  • Historically, the diagnosis of atrial flutter was restricted to those patients whose surface electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed the classic appearance of "flutter waves. (medscape.com)
  • (3) In this series, focal ablation of either the earliest activation site at the os of the vein, or circumferential ablation of the culprit vein resulted in favorable long term freedom from recurrent atrial tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation. (acc.org)
  • The term was originally applied to adults with regular atrial depolarizations at a rate of 260-340 beats per minute (bpm). (medscape.com)
  • Atrial tachycardia is defined as a regular atrial activation from atrial areas with centrifugal spread, caused by enhanced automaticity, triggered activity or microreentry. (unipa.it)
  • Despite an irregularly irregular rhythm, the patient in our case suffers from a focal atrial tachycardia. (acc.org)
  • In these patients with otherwise normal cardiac anatomy atrial reentry tachycardias are observed mostly during fetal life in late pregnancy, and during adolescence. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with frequent or incessant tachycardias, a decline in effort tolerance and symptoms of heart failure may represent early manifestations of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Other possible etiologies are listed below: Hypoxia Pulmonary disease Ischemic heart disease Stimulants: cocaine, caffeine, chocolate, ephedra Alcohol Metabolic disturbances Digoxin toxicity Heightened sympathetic tone A study noted 10 to 15% of patients presenting for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) ablation had atrial tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Catheter ablation of focal atrial tachycardia may be appropriate in patients failing medical therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to study electrophysiologic characteristics and compare the electrophysiologically guided focal ablation technique and linear ablation technique in patients with common atrial putter in a prospective randomized fashion, Background. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Sixty patients with drug-refractory common atrial putter were randomly assigned to undergo radiofrequency catheter ablation performed with the electrophysiologically guided focal ablation (Group I) or linear ablation technique (Group II). (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Successful elimination of the flutter circuit was achieved in 28 of 30 patients in Group I and 29 of 30 patients in Group II. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • In AMA-positive patients, VTs were associated with male sex, underlying myopathy, high creatine kinase levels, presence of chronic heart failure or ischemic heart disease, left ventricular dysfunction, presence of SVTs, and the electrocardiographic parameters indicating atrial disorders. (nii.ac.jp)
  • 2019 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular tachycardia: The Task Force for the management of patients with supraventricular tachycardia of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). (empendium.com)
  • 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. (empendium.com)
  • Also in injectable: severe hypotension, severe CHF, ventricular tachycardia (except verapamil-sensitive), AMI, patients receiving ß-adrenergic blockers. (activeingredients.online)
  • Thrombosis and thromboembolic events are recognized complications in patients with atrial flutter, particularly in the setting of repaired congenital heart disease, such as the Fontan procedure. (medscape.com)
  • Patients who are treated with atrial antitachycardia pacing should undergo testing to confirm that their device is effective and not proarrhythmic. (medscape.com)
  • A total of 17 patients were found to have atrial flutter /fibrillation and another 17 patients had supraventricular tachycardia . (medscape.com)
  • (4) In three large series of patients undergoing ablation for focal pulmonary vein tachycardia, the reported development of atrial fibrillation post ablation is low. (acc.org)
  • Nonsinus tachycardia is significantly more common than sinus tachycardia in elderly patients in the emergency department. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Safety of Adenosine for the Treatment of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. (jefferson.edu)
  • Describing heart rate variability in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation during hospitalization for COVID-19. (jefferson.edu)
  • The investigators are, therefore, conducting a randomized study comparing conventional circumferential ablation to a combination of circumferential ablation plus specific right and left atrial GP ablation in patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal AF. (novoclinica.com)
  • Patients are subjected to specific, HF stimulation-guided and anatomic ablation of the main right and left atrial GP. (novoclinica.com)
  • In nonacute settings, most patients with ventricular tachycardia have known or easily detectable cardiac disease, and the finding of ventricular tachycardia is an unfavorable prognostic sign. (health.am)
  • Currently, flecainide is mostly used for sinus rhythm maintenance in atrial fibrillation patients without structural cardiomyopathy although recent studies enrolling different patient population demonstrated a good effectiveness and safety profile. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This sharp demarcation is used less frequently in the current era, where the more electrophysiologically descriptive "atrial reentry tachycardia" is used instead. (medscape.com)
  • As with any other form of tachycardia (rapid heart beat), the underlying mechanism can be either the rapid discharge of an abnormal focus, the presence of a ring of cardiac tissue that gives rise to a circle movement (reentry), or a triggered rapid rhythm due to other pathological circumstances (as would be the case with some drug toxicities, such as digoxin toxicity). (wikipedia.org)
  • An invasive electrophysiological study proved the diagnosis of a bidirectionally conducting, left-posterior AP, which was successfully ablated.DiscussionDifferential diagnosis of broad complex tachycardia with superior axis and positive concordance of chest leads consists of i) VT with a left ventricular exit at the posterior mitral annulus, ii) antidromic AVRT involving a left-posterior AP, and iii) supraventricular tachycardia predominantly conducted via a left-posterior AP. (deepdyve.com)
  • Adenosine may be helpful in the diagnosis of atrial flutter. (brainkart.com)
  • The emergency department diagnosis of sinus versus nonsinus tachycardia is an important clinical challenge. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The diagnosis of sinus tachycardia becomes much less likely as age and heart rate increase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tachycardia is a very common clinical finding in the emergency department (ED), and the differential diagnosis is often challenging. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Supraventricular tachycardia: An overview of diagnosis and management. (nih.gov)
  • medical citation needed] Atrial tachycardia tends to occur in individuals with structural heart disease, with or without heart failure, and ischemic coronary artery disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • The foci responsible for focal atrial tachycardia do not occur randomly throughout the atria but tend to cluster at characteristic anatomical locations. (unipa.it)
  • Ventricular tachycardia is a frequent complication of acute myocardial infarction and dilated cardiomyopathy but may occur in chronic coronary disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse, myocarditis, and in most other forms of myocardial disease. (health.am)
  • If atrial tachyarrhythmia persists and the patient is symptomatic, the patient may benefit from class IA, IC, or class III antiarrhythmics. (wikipedia.org)
  • A European study of young males applying for pilot licenses demonstrated that 0.34% had asymptomatic atrial tachycardia and 0.46% had symptomatic atrial tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
  • 9-12 However, atrial tachycardia (AT) occurring after AF ablation is often symptomatic, complex and poorly controlled by anti-arrhythmic agents. (aerjournal.com)
  • Drug therapy of atrial flutter in children can be classified under the 3 broad headings of ventricular rate control, acute conversion, and chronic suppression (see Medication ). (medscape.com)
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation with consequent deterioration of atrial mechanical function. (nih.gov)
  • (2) Although relatively rare, sustained episodes of focal atrial tachycardia may lead to a rate related cardiomyopathy. (acc.org)
  • The Class III electrophysiological effects in man include prolongation of the atrial and ventricular monophasic action potentials, and effective refractory period prolongation of atrial muscle, ventricular muscle, and atrio-ventricular accessory pathways (where present) in both the anterograde and retrograde directions. (nih.gov)
  • Flecainide works blocking the open-state fast inward Na+ channel Nav 1.5 [ 8 ] in a rate- and voltage-dependent manner, reducing the maximum rate of phase 0 rise of the action potential (Vmax) in fast channel-dependent myocardial fibers (mostly in His-Purkinje tissue and ventricular muscle, followed by atrial muscle) [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Clinical, electrocardiographic and electrophysiologic variables were analyzed to identify predictors of progression to significant AVB (i.e. second or third grade). (revespcardiol.org)
  • Sinus node disease encompasses a wide range of clinical presentations from sinus bradycardia to sinus arrest or bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome ( 4 ). (escardio.org)
  • Radiofrequency ablation of the common atrial flutter circuit was safe and effective with either the electrophysiologically guided focal ablation or linear ablation technique. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • As a rule, atrial flutter originates in the right atrium, whereas atrial fibrillation, which is more frequent in adults, originates in the left atrium. (medscape.com)
  • Macroreentrant atrial tachycardias include typical atrial flutter and other well characterized macroreentrant circuits in right and left atrium. (unipa.it)
  • This study noted "disorganized atrial activity with earliest activation in the left atrium consistent with atrial fibrillation/flutter. (acc.org)
  • (1) The posterior wall of the left atrium is hypothesized to be a territory rich in triggers for the formation of atrial fibrillation. (acc.org)
  • Fetal atrial flutter is usually treated with oral maternal antiarrhythmic agents without need for further intervention if ventricular function is acceptable and if there is no placental edema. (medscape.com)
  • For patient education information, see the Heart Health Center , as well as Atrial Flutter , Tetralogy of Fallot , and Supraventricular Tachycardia . (medscape.com)
  • PACES/HRS expert consensus statement on the management of the asymptomatic young patient with a Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW, ventricular preexcitation) electrocardiographic pattern: developed in partnership between the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). (empendium.com)
  • Ventricular tachycardia induced by a backup pacing stimulus in a patient with a dual chamber pacemaker with AutoCapture. (jefferson.edu)