• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common disturbance of cardiac rhythm and is associated with significantly increased mortality. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Each cardiomyocyte needs to contract in coordination with its neighboring cells - known as a functional syncytium - working to efficiently pump blood from the heart, and if this coordination breaks down then - despite individual cells contracting - the heart may not pump at all, such as may occur during abnormal heart rhythms such as ventricular fibrillation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arrhythmias are generally categorized as ventricular or supraventricular.1 Ventricular arrhythmias are a condition in which extra heartbeats originate from the lower chambers of the heart and can be classified as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or premature ventricular contractions. (bartleby.com)
  • Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. (rug.nl)
  • Risk factors for atrial fibrillation include older age, hypertension, diabetes, valve disease and heart failure. (rug.nl)
  • During atrial fibrillation atrial remodeling takes place. (rug.nl)
  • In this thesis the effects of the activated coagulation factors thrombin and factor Xa on cellular processes in both atherosclerosis and atrial fibrillation are reviewed. (rug.nl)
  • Ventricular stiffness along with atrioventricular valvular regurgitation results in atrial enlargement, which has been linked to atrial arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation . (medscape.com)
  • [ 7 ] Atrial fibrillation has been reported in more than 30% of patients with EMF followed by other rhythm or conduction abnormalities like junctional rhythm , heart blocks, and intraventricular conduction delay. (medscape.com)
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk for stroke, heart failure and cardiovascular-related mortality. (nih.gov)
  • Among these HF patients, there are 18 NIDCM patients, during which 6 patients suffered VA, including ventricular premature beats, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretch (the major risk factor for atrial fibrillation [AF]) on spatial and temporal alternations of action potential duration (APD-ALT) and calcium transient in cultured atrial myocyte monolayer. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Discordant repolarization alternans, characterized by simultaneous prolongation and shortening of APD in different myocardial regions, is central to the genesis of ventricular fibrillation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Ibutilide is also cleared rapidly and highly distributed in patients being treated for atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • The pharmacokinetics of CORVERT Injection in patients with atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation are similar regardless of the type of arrhythmia, patient age, sex, or the concomitant use of digoxin, calcium channel blockers, or beta blockers. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Treatment with intravenous ibutilide fumarate for acute termination of recent onset atrial flutter/fibrillation was evaluated in 466 patients participating in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Patients had had their arrhythmias for 3 hours to 90 days, were anticoagulated for at least 2 weeks if atrial fibrillation was present more than 3 days, had serum potassium of at least 4.0 mEq/L and QTc below 440 msec, and were monitored by telemetry for at least 24 hours. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • We sought to evaluate the relation between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the extent of myocardial scarring together with left ventricular (LV) and atrial parameters assessed by late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). (1library.net)
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in HCM [2-5]. (1library.net)
  • Common findings on ECG that increase suspicion for cardiac amyloidosis include low QRS voltage, atrial fibrillation, conduction system disease, and pseudoinfarct pattern. (medscape.com)
  • BrS is associated with an increased risk of syncope, palpitations, chest pain, convulsions, difficulty in breathing (nocturnal agonal breathing) and/or Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) secondary to PVT/VF, unexplained cardiac arrest or documented PVT/VF or Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in the absence of apparent macroscopic or structural heart disease, electrolyte disturbance, use of certain medications or coronary heart disease and fever. (bvsalud.org)
  • Supraventricular arrhythmias originate in the upper chambers of the heart and can be less serious than ventricular arrhythmias. (bartleby.com)
  • Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: A paradigm to understand mechanisms of arrhythmias associated to impaired Ca(2+) regulation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sotalol is also indicated for the treatment of documented life threatening ventricular arrhythmias and is marketed under the brand name Betapace ® (sotalol hydrochloride tablets). (nih.gov)
  • In addition, fibrosis in the right ventricular/left ventricular (RV/LV) apex can be a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias. (medscape.com)
  • Overview of Arrhythmias The normal heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in NIDCM. (hindawi.com)
  • the prediction model for survival time and incident ventricular arrhythmias is useful in clinical decision making for individual treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • In 2008, Dr. Efimov founded Cardialen to develop low energy implantable electrotherapy of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. (jove.com)
  • Our previous research confirmed that artemisinin has an antagonistic effect on ventricular arrhythmias induced by increased left ventricular after load [8]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • In intact animals it slows heart rate, decreases AV nodal conduction and increases the refractory periods of atrial and ventricular muscle and conduction tissue. (nih.gov)
  • Class I drugs are sodium channel blockers (membrane-stabilizing drugs) that block fast sodium channels, slowing conduction in fast-channel tissues (working atrial and ventricular myocytes, His-Purkinje system). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Digoxin shortens atrial and ventricular refractory periods and is vagotonic, thereby prolonging AV nodal conduction and AV nodal refractory periods. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Last, a new glycogen storage cardiomyopathy associated with ventricular preexcitation and progressive conduction system degeneration will be reviewed. (medscape.com)
  • The heart achieves the coordinated contraction of the atrial and ventricular chambers due to the precise timing of the cardiac conduction system (CCS), a specialized complex and heterogeneous network of cells that initiate and allow propagation of action potentials through the heart. (medscape.com)
  • Purpose: Although markers of myocyte injury, electrolyte disturbances and an autonomic imbalance have been reported following exercise, the effect of prolonged strenuous activity on cardiac electrical conduction is not well understood. (edu.au)
  • This study examined atrial and ventricular conduction dynamics during recovery from exercise. (edu.au)
  • Conclusion: The results suggest suppressed parasympathetic and/or sustained sympathetic modulation of heart rate during recovery, concomitant with perturbations in atrial and ventricular conduction dynamics. (edu.au)
  • Alpha and beta myosin isoforms and human atrial and ventricular contraction. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Human atrial and ventricular contractions have distinct mechanical characteristics including speed of contraction, volume of blood delivered and the range of pressure generated. (cam.ac.uk)
  • ICa,L were studied at 21 degrees C and 36 degrees C with the patch clamp technique in isolated human atrial cardiomyocytes. (asahq.org)
  • The direct inotropic influence of etomidate, ketamine, midazolam, propofol, and thiopental on the contractility of isolated human atrial tissue was determined. (asahq.org)
  • This is the first study demonstrating a concentration-dependent negative inotropic effect of intravenous anesthetics in isolated human atrial muscle. (asahq.org)
  • We made whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of recombinant ion channels, human atrial I(Kur), rat atrial I(KACh), cellular recordings of contractility and calcium transient measurements in tsA201 cells, human atrial samples and rat myocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Cardiac muscle cells also called cardiomyocytes are the contractile myocytes of the cardiac muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mammalian heart development involves differentiation of diverse cell types, including atrial and ventricular muscle cells known as cardiomyocytes (CMs), specific myocytes constituting conducting tissue such as Purkinje fibers, smooth muscle (SM) cells, and non-muscle cells including endothelial cells (ECs) and neuronal cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • Several other mutations in the RYR2 gene have been found to cause a heart condition called arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Protection of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium during ischaemia in cardiac surgery is difficult, especially in patients with severe right coronary artery (RCA) disease. (eurekamag.com)
  • Over time, this infiltration leads to progressive diastolic dysfunction with a restrictive pattern and prominent right ventricular failure. (medscape.com)
  • The syndrome is caused by changes in the structure and function of certain cardiac ion channels and reduced expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in the Right Ventricle (RV), predominantly in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (VSVD), causing electromechanical abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
  • This cycle of muscle contraction and relaxation results from the precise control of calcium ions within myocytes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The tips of the Purkinje fibers are electrically coupled to muscle cells and the working myocytes are longitudinally connected via gap junctions, thereby initiating a coordinated, efficient contraction of the ventricles. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations in genes related to myocyte contraction and ventricular septum development in non-syndromic tetralogy of Fallot. (cdc.gov)
  • More than 200 mutations in the RYR2 gene have been found to cause catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), a heart condition characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) during exercise or emotional stress, which can be fatal. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Researchers are uncertain how RYR2 gene mutations lead to ventricular tachycardia, the abnormally fast and irregular heart rhythm that is characteristic of CPVT. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Gyorke S. Molecular basis of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Atrial premature complexes (APC), ventricular premature complexes (VPC), and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias are more prevalent than ventricular tachycardia, especially in women without structural heart disease. (hindawi.com)
  • sudden death in NIDCM can be caused by ventricular tachycardia. (hindawi.com)
  • This aortic constriction leads to increased stress on the heart and results in so called ventricular hypertrophy, i.e. in a large ventricle. (rug.nl)
  • Findings include myofibrillar disarray, myocyte hypertrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Hearts from cats with ventricular hypertrophy (HCM), and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) are affected by complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect left ventricular diastolic performance. (vin.com)
  • HCM is macroscopically characterized by -often asymmet-rical - left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in the absence of any systemic or cardiac disease likely to cause this hyper-trophy. (1library.net)
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease of heart muscle that is characterized by ventricular chamber enlargement and contractile dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • These alterations promote ventricular stiffness and loss of compliance (diastolic dysfunction). (vin.com)
  • C1 (1 μmol·L(-1)) significantly delayed contractile and calcium dysfunction in rat ventricular myocytes treated with 3 nmol·L(-1) sea anemone toxin (ATX-II). (nih.gov)
  • Clinically patients with CCB or BB poisoning present profound bradycardia, possible AV block, severe ventricular dysfunction leading to acute impairment of cardiac output and cardiac arrest1. (doczz.net)
  • Histologically, myocyte disarray, scarring and microvascular dysfunction are the hallmarks of HCM. (1library.net)
  • By measuring electrical activity in isolated single cardiac myocytes and in excised perfused intact hearts, we aim to better understand the processes underlying cardiac repolarization and their modulation in disease states. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • This is associated with sex differences in the processes underlying ventricular repolarization and is likely to involve the sex hormones. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • This project is examining the roles of the gonadal steroids in sex differences in ventricular repolarization and drug-induced pro-arrhythmia. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Since intracellular calcium plays a key role in cardiac automaticity, conductivity and contractility, intoxication from these drugs leads to an inhibition of sinus and atrio-ventricular (AV) node depolarization and to a depression of myocardial cell contractility5. (doczz.net)
  • Methods: Confluent HL-1 atrial myocyte monolayer with spontaneous depolarization was cultured in silicone membrane and subjected to mechanical stretch. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Sinoatrial node (SA) depolarization occurs before the depolarization of atrial myocytes, so it is before P-waveform. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • 4. Fontana S., Bernardi P., Pich E.M., Capelli M., Bortoluzzi L., Spampinato S., Canossa M., Relationship between plasma Atrial Natriuretic Factor and opioid peptide levels in healthy subjects and in patients with acute congestive heart failure. (unibo.it)
  • 16. Fontana F., Bernardi P., Merlo Pich E., Boschi S., De Iasio R., Capelli M., Carboni L., Spampinato S., Endogenous opioid system and Atrial Natriuretic Factor in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents at rest and during exercise test. (unibo.it)
  • In H9C2 cells, GRK2 overexpression increased atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) activity and enhanced phenylephrine-induced ANF response, and this is associated with an increase of NFkappaB transcriptional activity. (cnr.it)
  • The Class III electrophysiological effects in man include prolongation of the atrial and ventricular monophasic action potentials, and effective refractory period prolongation of atrial muscle, ventricular muscle, and atrio-ventricular accessory pathways (where present) in both the anterograde and retrograde directions. (nih.gov)
  • These effects lead to prolongation of atrial and ventricular action potential duration and refractoriness, the predominant electrophysiologic properties of CORVERT in humans that are thought to be the basis for its antiarrhythmic effect. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • Morphologic findings include atrial enlargement without increased ventricular wall thickness or ventricular cavity dilation, the absence of eosinophilic infiltration, and the absence of pericardial disease. (medscape.com)
  • Noninvasive measure out blood pressure can be useful to detect the presence of systemic hypertension which could affect left ventricular wall thickness. (vin.com)
  • To evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of a new, ultraportable 2D echo device to detect regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, 55 patients underwent an echocardiographic exam at the bedside prior to cardiac catheterization. (karger.com)
  • Atrial Abnormalities in Brugada Syndrome: Evaluation With ECG Imaging. (cdc.gov)
  • Sotalol hydrochloride prolongs the plateau phase of the cardiac action potential in the isolated myocyte, as well as in isolated tissue preparations of ventricular or atrial muscle (Class III activity). (nih.gov)
  • Atrial tissue was obtained from 16 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. (asahq.org)
  • When molecular profiling is conducted, iPSC-CM and disease-specific iPSC-CM have express major ion channels similar to those found in the human left ventricular tissue. (essaytyping.com)
  • Total RNA was isolated from cardiac atrial or ventricular tissue using TRIzol (Invitrogen) following manufacturers protocols. (mergullo.net)
  • Hearts were excised and washed in ice cold PBS, and atrial appendages/ventricular tissue (or ventricular myocytes, isolated as below) were separated and placed in cardiac homogenization buffer (300 mM sucrose, Crovatin 10 mM Tris, pH 7.4) supplemented with protease inhibitors. (mergullo.net)
  • We will begin by considering ventricular myocyte action potentials, then move on to consider the special case of nodal tissue. (yousmle.com)
  • When alterations in diastolic function lead to increased left ventricular filling pressure and mean left atrial pressure, congestive heart failure may result. (vin.com)
  • In HCM patients, increased left atrial (LA) size, advanced age and congestive heart failure symptoms have been shown to be independent predictors of the occurrence of AF [11]. (1library.net)
  • Both atrial appendages had been additional incubated for 40 min at 37C in WIM comprising 270 models/ml collagenase and 0.8 units/ml elastase. (thetechnoant.info)
  • After digestive function, the atrial appendages had been used in a KB answer comprising (in mM): 20 KCl, 10 KH2PO4, 20 Taurine, 10 K2EGTA, 25 Blood sugar, 10 L-Glutamate, 40 Mannitol, 10 -amino-butyrate and 0.1% bovine serium albumin (pH 7.40), and triturated with a fire-polished BX-795 pipette to dissociate into solitary artrial myocytes. (thetechnoant.info)
  • [ 6 ] Fibrosis has also been suggested as facilitating focal activity by fibroblast-myocyte coupling as well. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] Recently, fibrosis has been suggested to facilitate focal activity by fibroblast-myocyte coupling as well. (medscape.com)
  • To check this, we utilized whole-cell patch-clamp methods on mouse atrial and ventricular myocytes, aswell as excised inside-out patch-clamp methods and 86Rb+ efflux assays on Kir6.2/SUR1 and Kir6.2/SUR2A stations heterologously portrayed in COSm6 cells. (thetechnoant.info)
  • LV function, volumes, myocardial thickness, left atrial (LA) volume and the extent of LGE, were assessed using CMR and correlated to AF. (1library.net)
  • Conclusions: Mechanical stretch increased the susceptibility to alternans in atrial myocytes, which may explain the susceptibility to AF in conditions of atrial stretch, such as mitral valvular heart disease, heart failure, and hypertension. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of artemisinin on peak sodium currents of ventricular myocytes to further understand the mechanism of antiarrhythmic actions of artemisinin. (fortunepublish.com)
  • SUR1 suppress KATP channel HAS2 activity in cultured neonatal myocytes18 and atrial myocytes are more sensitive to the SUR1-specific KCO diazoxide19;20 than ventricular. (mergullo.net)
  • The striking results demonstrate that sarcolemmal KATP is markedly different in structure in the atria and ventricles, SUR1 being an essential component of the atrial channel but having no obvious role in the ventricle. (mergullo.net)
  • These findings have significant implications for the pharmacology and patho-physiology of atrial versus ventricular KATP channels. (mergullo.net)
  • mouse center, the atrial KATP is certainly SUR1-based, boosts the issue whether HMR1098 is only going to action on SUR2A-dependent ventricular stations. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Our outcomes indicate that HMR 1098 in fact inhibits atrial KATP stations better than ventricular KATP stations and this astonishing finding is certainly paralleled by stronger inhibition of heterologously portrayed Kir6.2/SUR1 than Kir6.2/SUR2A stations, aswell as effective stimulation of -cell insulin secretion and reduction in blood BX-795 sugar level in vivo. (thetechnoant.info)
  • We searched on Pubmed for ventricular premature complexes (VPC) in pregnant women and found no case reporting increased incidence of this arrhythmia while supine. (hindawi.com)
  • ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is a major cause of clinical deterioration and demise in patients with NIDCM [ 3 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Baseline parameters in NIDCM patients with and without ventricular arrhythmia. (hindawi.com)
  • therefore neonatal rat atrial myocytes were subjected to cyclical stretch. (rug.nl)
  • Cardiac amyloidosis is a progressive, infiltrative cardiomyopathy in which there are abnormal amyloid fibril deposits in the interstitial space between cardiac myocytes. (medscape.com)
  • APC, %of animals with atrial premature contractions 17328890 during 10 min recording. (adenosine-receptor.com)
  • Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, ECG and Cardiac Weight Measurements: Effects of ERT The measurements of RR intervals with surface ECG recordings showed identical RR intervals and the standard deviation of the RR intervals, and the frequency of premature atrial contractions for Fabry KO mice compared to Fabry KO mice treated with 3 mg/kg intravenous ERT 3 weeks before. (adenosine-receptor.com)
  • It has been compared to a contractile complex three-dimensional mesh, made up of myocytes merging with their neighboring cells in a nonuniform anisotropic manner supported by an extracellular collagenous matrix-forming bundle of myofibres, which are configured in a helical or spiral pattern within the two ventricles 1-4 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Conclusions: The relationships found between N-ANP and RV volume indexes and RV ejection fraction suggest ventricular expression of ANP: ANP release may be stimulated by RV distension, the more so the poorer the RV function. (eurekamag.com)
  • Therefore, the Atrial nodal and ventricular myocytes are majorly identified and associated with molecular properties They have been highly profiled for the functional properties. (essaytyping.com)
  • The generated heart organoids possess structural and functional capacity similar to atrial and ventricular parts of in vivo embryonic heart. (researchsquare.com)
  • Pharmacological inhibition of SK-channels with AP14145 prevents atrial arrhythmogenic changes in a porcine model for obstructive respiratory events. (escardio.org)
  • In ventricular myocytes, NO can increase cAMP levels through a cGMP-dependent inhibition of PDE3. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Channels made with the ryanodine receptor 2 protein are found in heart (cardiac) muscle cells called myocytes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In this way, the release and reuptake of calcium ions in myocytes produces a regular heart rhythm. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is clear that changes in the structure and function of the RYR2 channel disrupt the careful control of calcium ion flow in myocytes, which can trigger an abnormal heart rhythm in people with CPVT. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This failure of calcium regulation within myocytes can trigger the abnormal heart rhythm characteristic of ARVC. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Heart rate (a) and ventricular premature complexes (b) during 24-hour Holter monitoring. (hindawi.com)
  • Autopsy demonstrated microsporidia in myocytes from the heart and diaphragm and the muscularis of the gut and arteries ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • CORVERT Injection prolongs action potential duration in isolated adult cardiac myocytes and increases both atrial and ventricular refractoriness in vivo , ie, class III electrophysiologic effects. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
  • First, different aspects of structural atrial remodeling are reviewed with a special focus on stretch and its contribution to structural remodeling. (rug.nl)
  • Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and the more stable N-terminal fragment (N-ANP) of prohormone are peptides, released in equimolar amounts from cardiac myocytes in response to atrial stretch or ventricular overload and myocardial ischaemia. (eurekamag.com)
  • The cardiac size increases and augments wall tension, stimulating the stretch-activated ion channels in myocytes. (hindawi.com)
  • All these data show the inhibitory effects of artemisinin on voltage-gated Na + channels in various cells, but little is known about its effects on ventricular myocytes. (fortunepublish.com)
  • In contrast to atrial and ventricular myocytes, SAN cells express a diverse repertoire of ACs, with ACI as the predominant Ca2+-activated isoform. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After the process of extraction of the vital components required for the development of the cells, the next step would provide an opportunity to identify individual cellular structures from a pool of iPSC-CM population which often contains pool atrial ventricular and nodal cells. (essaytyping.com)
  • These cells are a mixture of spontaneously electrically-active atrial, nodal and ventricular-like myocytes which beat in synchrony and exhibit expected electrophysiological and biochemical responses upon reference drug exposure. (cyprotex.com)
  • Background: NO donors exert a positive chronotropic effect by stimulating the pacemaker current If in sino-atrial node cells via a mechanism requiring guanylyl cyclase (GC) and cGMP, and involving mobilization of sarcoplasmic (SR) Ca2+. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Currently, I am principal investigator on research projects examining atrial-ventricular differences in ion channels as a basis for atrial-selective antiarrhythmic drug therapy. (bristol.ac.uk)
  • Results: High-rate pacing induced APD-ALT and calcium transient in atrial myocyte monolayer. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • This allows us to consider the extent to which the atrial vs ventricular mechanical characteristics are defined by the myosin isoform expressed, and how the isoform properties are matched to their physiological roles. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The excitement of the SA is transmitted to the right atrium, and then to the left atrium via the ventricular tract, forming a P-wave which represents the excitement of the two atria. (encyclopedia.pub)