This effect is specially attributed to (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA) inhibiting the enzyme ATP-dependent citrate lyase, which catalyzes the cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA. (nih.gov)
An enzyme that, in the presence of ATP and COENZYME A , catalyzes the cleavage of citrate to yield acetyl CoA, oxaloacetate, ADP , and ORTHOPHOSPHATE . (nih.gov)
Polyclonal Antibody2
The following product was used in this experiment: ATP Citrate Lyase Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PA5-78712, RRID AB_2745828. (thermofisher.com)
Samples were loaded onto a 5% SDS-PAGE gel and probed with an ATP citrate lyase polyclonal antibody (Product # PA5-29495) at a dilution of 1:1000. (siderac.com)
Synthase1
In enzymology, an ATP citrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. (siderac.com)
Inhibitor3
A definitive role for ATP citrate lyase in tumorigenesis has emerged from ATP citrate lyase RNAi and chemical inhibitor studies, showing that ATP citrate lyase inhibition limits tumor cell proliferation and survival and induces differentiation in vitro. (siderac.com)
Bempedoic acid is an ATP citrate lyase inhibitor which inhibits hepatic cholesterol synthesis upstream of HMG-CoA reductase. (pace-cme.org)
Z-Pro-Pro-aldehyde-dimethyl acetal is a potent inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) , a cytoplasmic serine endoprotease ( IC 50 = 12 nM). (medchemexpress.cn)
Oxaloacetate5
It catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate from citrate and CoA with a concomitant hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and phosphate. (thermofisher.com)
J. Bgee i: ENSMUSG00000020917, Expressed in inguinal mammary gland and 345 other tissues: The 4 substrates of this enzyme are ADP, phosphate, acetyl-CoA, and oxaloacetate, whereas its 3 products are ATP, citrate, and CoA. (siderac.com)
citrate and CoA into acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, along with the hydrolysis of ATP. (siderac.com)
The Citrate Lyase (ACL) is the main cytosolic enzyme that converts the citrate exported from mitochondria by the SLC25A1 carrier in Acetyl Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and oxaloacetate. (siderac.com)
Acetyl5
ATP citrate lyase is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in many tissues. (thermofisher.com)
In enzymology, a [citrate (pro-3S)-lyase] ligase (EC 6.2.1.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + acetate + citrate (pro-3S)-lyase(thiol form) ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } AMP + diphosphate + citrate (pro-3S)-lyase(acetyl form) The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, acetate, and citrate (pro-3S)-lyase(thiol form), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and citrate (pro-3S)-lyase(acetyl form). (wikipedia.org)
By converting citrate to acetyl-CoA, the enzyme links carbohydrate metabolism, which yields citrate as an intermediate, with fatty acid biosynthesis, which consumes acetyl-CoA. (siderac.com)
ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), an important enzyme involved in lipid biogenesis linked with glucose metabolism, catalyzes the conversion of citrate to oxaloacetic acid (OAA) and acetyl-CoA. (siderac.com)
Mechanistically, PRKAA1 knockdown in cultured ECs reduced endothelial glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, decreased levels of acetyl-CoA and suppressed transcription of inflammatory molecules mediated by ATP citrate lyase and histone acetyltransferase p300. (elsevierpure.com)
Oxidative Phosphorylation2
9. ATP-Citrate Lyase Epigenetically Potentiates Oxidative Phosphorylation to Promote Melanoma Growth and Adaptive Resistance to MAPK Inhibition. (nih.gov)
Warburg noticed that normal tissues generally use glycolysis to generate about 10% of the total cellular ATP with the mitochondria generating the remaining 90%, the latter involving a process termed oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (oncotarget.com)
Ligase2
The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetate:citrate (pro-3S)-lyase(thiol-form) ligase (AMP-forming). (wikipedia.org)
Other names in common use include citrate lyase ligase, citrate lyase synthetase, acetate: SH-acyl-carrier-protein enzyme ligase (AMP), acetate:HS-citrate lyase ligase, and acetate:citrate-(pro-3S)-lyase(thiol-form) ligase (AMP-forming). (wikipedia.org)
Acetylation1
This renders ACL a key regulator of histone acetylation levels and gene … To provide a novel ATP:citrate lyase gene. (siderac.com)
ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is an enzyme that in animals represents an important step in fatty acid biosynthesis. (siderac.com)
ATP citrate lyase/ACLY cDNA clones are full length sequence confirmed and expression validated. (siderac.com)
The gene encoding ATP-citrate lyase, designated ACLY, was mapped to human chromosome 17q12-q21 by PCR on a panel of human/rodent somatic cell hybrids and localized to 17q21.1 by PCR on a panel of radiation hybrids. (siderac.com)
Gene1
ABCD1 deficiency impaired VLCFA homeostasis and prolonged pro-inflammatory gene expression upon LPS treatment. (biomed.news)
Enzymes1
In contrast, VLCFAs provoked pro-inflammatory responses through scavenger receptor CD36-mediated uptake, cumulating in JNK signalling and expression of matrix-degrading enzymes and chemokine release. (biomed.news)
Tumor1
However, in many tumor tissues, more than 50% of cellular ATP can be generated from glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen, thus termed aerobic glycolysis. (oncotarget.com)
We demonstrate that both Acl1 and Acl2 subunits are required to form a functional ATP-citrate lyase in A. niger. (siderac.com)
Glycolysis1
The rapid ATP production of glycolysis is thought to benefit the enhanced proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins1
ATP citrate lyase was identified among the O -GlcNAcylated proteins. (nih.gov)
Colorectal cancer1
15. Bax is necessary for PGC1α pro-apoptotic effect in colorectal cancer cells. (nih.gov)
Macrophage1
As a primary modulator of the macrophage phenotype, IFNg promotes a strong pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage response that correlates with macrophage recruitment to metabolic organs in obesity. (umassmed.edu)
Cholesterol1
We have shown that cholesterol accumulation due to myeloid cell deficiency of the cholesterol transporters ATP Binding Cassette A1 and G1 (ABCA1/G1) promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages and neutrophils and induces prominent NETosis in atherosclerotic plaques. (biomed.news)
Unexpected pro-inflammatory1
Conclusions and Implications: This unexpected pro-inflammatory effect of endothelial AMPKα1/PRKAA1 in a metabolic context provides additional insight in AMPKα1/PRKAA1 activities. (elsevierpure.com)
Hypoxia1
The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) act as hypoxia sensors that orchestrate a coordinated response increasing the pro-survival and pro-invasive phenotype of cancer cells, and determine a broad metabolic rewiring. (mdpi.com)
Type1
14787 ABC-2 type transport system ATP-binding protein BBZA01000002 CDS ARMA_0027 14784. (go.jp)
Form1
In its severest form, X-ALD causes cerebral myelin destruction with infiltration of pro-inflammatory skewed monocytes/macrophages. (biomed.news)
Levels1
Following pro-inflammatory LPS activation, VLCFA levels increased also in healthy macrophages. (biomed.news)
Human1
E. coli-derived human ATP citrate lyase recombinant protein (Position: M1-I180). (thermofisher.com)
Important1
Z-Pro-Pro-aldehyde-dimethyl acetal plays an important role in cognitive dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease [1] [2] . (medchemexpress.cn)
Cell1
Western blot analysis of ATP citrate lyase using A) 30 µg PC-12 whole cell lysate and B) 30 µg Rat2 whole cell lysate. (siderac.com)
Formation1
This is in contrast to Sordaria macrospora, in which fruiting body formation is initiated but maturation is defective in an ATP-citrate lyase mutant. (siderac.com)