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Cerium metal foil was first anodized into adherent porous cerium hydroxide film, followed by calcination for conversion into ceria membranes. (unl.edu)
The silvery white metal cerium is quite electropositive and reacts slowly with cold water and quite quickly with hot water to form cerium hydroxide, Ce(OH) 3 , and hydrogen gas (H 2 ). (webelements.com)
Cerium oxide is created by calcining cerium hydroxide or cerium oxalate. (businessresearchinsights.com)

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Cerium Isotopes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
Ce-136, 138, and 142 are stable cerium isotopes. (umassmed.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cerium Isotopes" by people in this website by year, and whether "Cerium Isotopes" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Cerium Isotopes" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
Unstable isotopes of cerium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. (nih.gov)
Ce atoms with atomic weights 132-135, 137, 139, and 141-148 are radioactive cerium isotopes. (nih.gov)

This works in the presence of certain materials such as cerium oxide, a combination of the metal cerium with oxygen. (pvbuzz.com)
For example, materials such as cerium dioixde (CeO2) are used in both self-cleaning ovens and to clean exhaust fumes from cars. (lu.se)

The stability of the isolated catalytic platinum under reducing conditions is a result of the much stronger bonding of the platinum atoms to the CeO x islands than to the SiO 2 support, which ensures that these atoms can move but remain confined to their respective islands. (stanford.edu)
These islands act as nanoglues to localize catalytically active platinum atoms. (stanford.edu)
Optimizing the aqueous solution pH in the second synthesis step, wherein the platinum atoms become anchored, causes the CeO x islands to be positively charged, so that negatively charged platinum-containing species selectively adsorb onto them and not the SiO 2 . (stanford.edu)
Subsequent washing and calcination eliminate residues and leave the isolated platinum atoms bonded to the nanoclusters-where they are accessible to gas-phase reactants in high-temperature catalytic reactors and remain stably isolated to function for long times. (stanford.edu)
Here we demonstrate that the structure (Pt 1 -Pt n )/α-MoC, where isolated platinum atoms (Pt 1 ) and subnanometre platinum clusters (Pt n ) are stabilized on α-molybdenum carbide (α-MoC), catalyses the WGS reaction even at 313 kelvin, with a hydrogen-production pathway involving direct carbon monoxide dissociation identified. (nature.com)
American scientists have recently developed a catalyst for the carbon monoxide oxidation of individual platinum atoms distributed over the surface of cerium oxide. (rdworldonline.com)

17.76% lanthanum and 17.79% cerium atoms present in the material, as observed by EDS result. (niscair.res.in)

It was found that the number of stable OVDs on cerium oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes can be increased with annealing at elevated temperatures under low pressure. (unl.edu)
The team was particularly interested in exploring a catalyst composed of copper and ceria (cerium-oxide) nanoparticles, sometimes also mixed with titania. (scienceblog.com)
The most effective binding and activation of CO2 occurred at the interfaces between metal and oxide nanoparticles in the cerium-oxide/copper catalytic system. (scienceblog.com)

Most lanthanides can use only three electrons as valence electrons, as afterwards the remaining 4f electrons are too strongly bound: cerium is an exception because of the stability of the empty f-shell in Ce4+ and the fact that it comes very early in the lanthanide series, where the nuclear charge is still low enough until neodymium to allow the removal of the fourth valence electron by chemical means. (wikipedia.org)
The problem with tapping their transformative potential is that, in solids, the vast number of atoms often drowns out the exotic quantum properties electrons carry. (eurasiareview.com)
According to a study published in Science , exposing cerium fluoride to ultrafast pulses of light sends its atoms into a dance that momentarily enlists the spins of electrons, causing them to align with the atomic rotation. (eurasiareview.com)
The effect of atomic motion on electrons is surprising because electrons are so much lighter and faster than atoms," said Zhu, Rice's William Marsh Rice Chair and an assistant professor of materials science and nanoengineering. (eurasiareview.com)
Increasing a glass' cerium concentration can also increase its resistance to radiation damage from x-rays and gamma rays by capturing freed electrons. (sciencedaily.com)
Radiation can kick electrons free from atoms," said Rygel. (sciencedaily.com)
Excitation of the Europium atom, by absorption of electrons, can result in changes in energy levels that create a visible emission. (seekingalpha.com)
Field emission gun (FEG) - Generate a strong electrical field that pulls electrons away from their atoms. (atascientific.com.au)

Cerium oxide (ceria, CeO 2-x where x is 0 to 0.5) has been one of the most widely used heterogeneous catalysts particularly in three way catalytic converters. (unl.edu)
These properties, combined with the abundance of cerium on earth, make ceria a low-cost highly effective alternative to noble metal catalysts. (unl.edu)
The chemical equilibrium reactions on the catalysts surface under low pressure were hypothesized to explain the unusual increase in the OVD density of the reported cerium oxide nanostructured catalysts. (unl.edu)

More dramatically, metallic cerium can be highly pyrophoric: Ce + O2 → CeO2 Being highly electropositive, cerium reacts with water. (wikipedia.org)
Cerium Ocsid , a elwir hefyd yn cerium deuocsid, Cerium(IV) Ocsid neu cerium deuocsid, yn ocsid o'r cerium metel prin-ddaear.Mae'n bowdr melyn-gwyn golau gyda'r fformiwla gemegol CeO2.Mae'n gynnyrch masnachol pwysig ac yn ganolradd wrth buro'r elfen o'r mwynau.Priodwedd nodedig y deunydd hwn yw ei drawsnewidiad cildroadwy i ocsid anstoichiometrig. (urbanmines.com)
By creating stable oxysulfides from high purity (99.999 percent) cerium oxide (CeO2) powder and binding up undesirable trace elements like lead and antimony, it is used in the manufacturing of steel to remove free oxygen and sulphur. (businessresearchinsights.com)

Today, cerium and its compounds have a variety of uses: for example, cerium(IV) oxide is used to polish glass and is an important part of catalytic converters. (wikipedia.org)
The effect on the catalytic activity of cerium oxide caused by varying the density of oxygen vacancy defects (OVD) has not been previously studied experimentally. (unl.edu)
To explore the reactivity of such dual particle catalytic systems in converting CO2 to methanol, the scientists used spectroscopic techniques to investigate the interaction of CO2 with plain copper, plain cerium-oxide, and cerium-oxide/copper surfaces at a range of reaction temperatures and pressures. (scienceblog.com)
The discovery, published in Nature Communications ( 'Equilibrium oxygen storage capacity of ultrathin CeO 2-δ depends non-monotonically on large biaxial strain' ), focuses on an industrial catalyst known as cerium oxide, or ceria, a spongy material commonly used in catalytic converters, self-cleaning ovens and various green-energy applications, such as fuel cells and solar water splitters. (nanowerk.com)

Cerium is a soft, ductile, and silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air. (wikipedia.org)

Sintering can be suppressed by anchoring the metal atoms strongly to metal oxide supports, but strong metal-oxygen interactions often leave too few metal sites available for reactant binding and catalysis. (stanford.edu)
When subjected to very high temperatures above 1500 °C, cerium oxide loses some oxygen atoms. (pvbuzz.com)
At lower temperatures, this reduced material is keen to re-acquire oxygen atoms. (pvbuzz.com)
If water and carbon dioxide molecules are directed over such an activated surface, they release oxygen atoms (chemical symbol: O). Water (H2O) is converted into hydrogen (H2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) turns into carbon monoxide (CO), whilst the cerium re-oxidizes itself in the process, establishing the preconditions for the cerium oxide cycle to begin all over again. (pvbuzz.com)

We show that in the dilute limit the charge redistribution is likely to be driven by a mechanism different from the one involving electron localization on cerium atoms. (diva-portal.org)
Cerium atom material balances were conducted for the cassette and bath by sampling of each chamber and cerium quantitation by ICP-MS. Samples were collected from the cassette for high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observation of nanoceria size. (cdc.gov)
They are then accelerated down the column that is under vacuum, which helps to prevent any atoms and molecules present in the column from interacting with the electron beam and ensures good quality imaging. (atascientific.com.au)
The energetic magnetic dipoles on this case are those of the electron shells of the paramagnetic atoms. (johannexotic.biz)
This colorized transmission electron microscopy of ceria ultrathin film reveals that individual atoms (shown as dots) shift under intense pressure. (nanowerk.com)
Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to resolve the position of individual atoms, we showed that the films remain stretched or compressed without forming such defects, allowing the stress to remain in full force," said Robert Sinclair, a professor of materials science and engineering at Stanford. (nanowerk.com)

Cerium is the second element in the lanthanide series, and while it often shows the oxidation state of +3 characteristic of the series, it also has a stable +4 state that does not oxidize water. (wikipedia.org)
Both γ and β forms are quite stable at room temperature, although the equilibrium transformation temperature is estimated at 75 °C. At lower temperatures the behavior of cerium is complicated by the slow rates of transformation. (wikipedia.org)
This is due to the perceived inability to engineer stable defects not attributed to the presence of dopant atoms. (unl.edu)
Stable cerium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element cerium, but differ in atomic weight. (umassmed.edu)
Then, as the exhaust temperatures rose, the clusters broke up into single atoms and redispersed, so that the catalyst was thermally stable. (lightsources.org)
In fact, cerium oxide is a thermally stable, extremely insoluble source of cerium that may be utilised in ceramics, glass, and optics. (businessresearchinsights.com)

Cerium is a chemical element with the symbol Ce and atomic number 58. (wikipedia.org)
Rice University researchers in the lab of quantum materials scientist Hanyu Zhu found that when they move in circles, atoms can also work wonders: When the atomic lattice in a rare-earth crystal becomes animated with a corkscrew-shaped vibration known as a chiral phonon, the crystal is transformed into a magnet. (eurasiareview.com)
Cerium is a chemical element wi seembol Ce an atomic nummer 58. (wikipedia.org)

In the selective synthesis of these islands, positively charged [Ce(OH) 2 ] + and [Ce(OH)] 2+ are produced in a weakly alkaline aqueous synthesis solution by reaction of a precursor cerium salt with OH − -and these positively charged Ce-containing ions electrostatically adsorb onto the negatively charged SiO 2 support. (stanford.edu)
Thus, we report a rare-earth-based P, N-containing complex with a lamellar aggregated structure [Ce(DPA)3] by a coordination reaction between a tailored ligand and cerium(III) nitrate. (edu.au)

In the first major topic, the surface coordination chemistry of thin films formed by porphyrinoid molecules with coinage metals - the latter either as crystalline substrate surface or dosed onto the films as atoms - is characterized. (uni-marburg.de)
Individual molecules in porphyrin or phthalocyanine thin films are able to oxidize cobalt atoms into formal Co(II) species. (uni-marburg.de)
Moreover, multilayer metalation of 2HTPP molecules with deposited cobalt atoms is investigated in detail by both laboratory X-ray source (XPS) and synchrotronbased hard X-rays (HAXPES). (uni-marburg.de)
The carbon monoxide helped the single atoms of palladium migrate to form two- or three-atom clusters that efficiently break apart the methane molecules at low temperatures. (lightsources.org)
When the metals are atomically dispersed and isolated from each other, they offer new properties and the highest efficiency of metal use-with each metal atom accessible to reacting molecules. (stanford.edu)

For example, a volume change of about 10% occurs when cerium is subjected to high pressures or low temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
Since atoms only rotate in particular frequencies and move for a longer time at lower temperatures, additional frequency- and temperature-dependent measurements further confirm that magnetization occurs as a result of the atoms' collective chiral dance. (eurasiareview.com)
Individual palladium atoms attached to the surface of a catalyst can remove 90% of unburned methane from natural-gas engine exhaust at low temperatures, scientists reported today in the journal Nature Catalysis . (lightsources.org)
In recent work, catalyst performance data complemented by structure characterization data (including X-ray absorption spectra recorded at SSRL) show that (1) the benefits of anchoring can be enhanced by confining the atomically dispersed metal atoms on oxide nanoclusters that are dispersed as islands immobilized on a robust, high-surface-area support and that (2) these atomically dispersed metals are resistant to sintering, even at high temperatures. (stanford.edu)
Researchers announced that individual palladium atoms attached to a catalyst can effectively remove 90% of unburned methane from natural-gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. (scitechdaily.com)
TOF inelastic neutron scattering spectra were measured on cerium at temperatures near the fcc (γ) to bcc (δ) transition temperature. (caltech.edu)

A catalyst with single atoms of the chemically active metal dispersed on a support also uses every atom of the expensive and precious metal, Wang added. (lightsources.org)
In their work, the researchers showed that their catalyst made from single palladium atoms on a cerium oxide support efficiently removed methane from engine exhaust, even when the engine was just starting. (lightsources.org)
This reversible process enabled the catalyst to work effectively and used every palladium atom the entire time the engine was running - including when it started cold. (lightsources.org)
The strategy used for catalyst synthesis (Figure 1) was illustrated by grafting isolated and defective CeO x islands (called nanoglues) onto a SiO 2 support and incorporating one platinum atom, on average, on each island host. (stanford.edu)
A new catalyst using single palladium atoms can efficiently remove 90% of unburned methane from natural-gas engine exhaust, potentially making a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. (scitechdaily.com)
A new single-atom catalyst developed by SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Washington State University solves both these problems and removes 90% of the methane. (scitechdaily.com)
This illustration depicts individual palladium atoms (white) removing methane (white bubbles) at the surface of the catalyst. (scitechdaily.com)
Attaching palladium atoms (white) to a supportive surface created a super-efficient catalyst for removing methane (white bubbles) from natural-gas engine exhaust. (stanford.edu)

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Adding cerium oxide to phosphate glass rather than the commonly used silicate glass may make glasses that block ultraviolet light and have increased radiation damage resistance while remaining colorless, according to researchers. (sciencedaily.com)
These cerium-containing phosphate glasses have many commercial applications for use in windows, sunglasses and solar cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Phosphate glasses have a more flexible structure then silicate glasses, which allow higher percentages of cerium to be incorporated before it begins to color. (sciencedaily.com)
They found that they could make phosphate glasses with 16 times more cerium oxide than silicate glasses while maintaining the same coloration and ability to absorb ultraviolet light. (sciencedaily.com)
We were able to get a lot more cerium into our phosphate glass without sacrificing the optical transmission -- they both still looked clear," said Rygel. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers could get more cerium into phosphate glass compared to silicate because of the different bonding networks silica and phosphorus form when made into glasses. (sciencedaily.com)
One explanation for why phosphate glass can incorporate more cerium than silicate glass without yellowing may be that the absorbing ranges for the two cerium states -- cerium (III) and cerium (IV) -- are shifted to absorb less blue light in phosphate glasses. (sciencedaily.com)
Raw materials such as phosphorus pentoxide, aluminum phosphate, cerium phosphate and silicon dioxide were combined in a crucible and heated in a high-temperature furnace to a temperature of 3000 degrees Fahrenheit melting the contents to a liquid. (sciencedaily.com)
In contrast, both macrophage phenotypes show identical nanoceria biotransformation to cerium phosphate nanoneedles and simultaneous nanoceria with ferritin co-precipitation within the cells. (cdc.gov)

The key active sites for the chemical transformations involved atoms from the metal [copper] and oxide [ceria or ceria/titania] phases," said Jesus Graciani, a chemist from the University of Seville and first author on the paper. (scienceblog.com)
A hyper photocatalytic substance that may be utilised to breakdown a variety of organic pollutants is cerium oxide, sometimes referred to as ceria. (businessresearchinsights.com)

After acid leaching of rare earth minerals, leaching solution was obtained, and cerium oxide of products of high purity was obtained by extraction and stripping. (intechopen.com)

This alignment would otherwise require a powerful magnetic field to activate, since cerium fluoride is naturally paramagnetic with randomly oriented spins even at zero temperature. (eurasiareview.com)
The refrigerant is often a paramagnetic salt, such as cerium magnesium nitrate. (johannexotic.biz)

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The type of methods used in this thesis, generally known as wavefunction theory, are roughly limited to around 100 atoms, depending a bit on what part of the periodic table that is explored and what type of property that is studied. (lu.se)

Cerium metal reacts with all the halogens to form cerium(III) halides. (webelements.com)

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Earlier this year, Zhu's group demonstrated a new instance of spin-phonon coupling in single molecular layers with atoms moving linearly and shaking spins. (eurasiareview.com)
A large softening of the phonon DOS was found in going from γ-cerium to δ-cerium, and this accounts for an increase in vibrational entropy of (0.71 ± 0.05) k B /atom. (caltech.edu)
A softening of the phonon DOS occurs in the transition from β-cerium to γ-cerium, accounting for an increase in vibrational entropy of ΔS γ-β vib = (0.09 ±0.05) k B /atom. (caltech.edu)

Rice University researchers in the lab of quantum materials scientist Hanyu Zhu found that when they move in circles, atoms can also work wonders. (futurity.org)
Quantum mechanical calculation are very demanding, with even the most approximate methods available today being limited to around 10 000 atoms. (lu.se)
We mostly used molecular mechanics (MM) in order to model the protein-ligand interactions, which is more approximate than quantum-mechanical (QM) methods, but necessary to reduce the computational cost when doing calculations on protein-ligand systems, which often contain tens of thousand of atoms. (lu.se)

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Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Rygel could determine whether the cerium in the glass was mostly in the cerium (III) or cerium (IV) oxidation state, or a ratio of the two. (sciencedaily.com)

The entropy calculated from the crystal field levels and a fit to calorimetry data from the literature was significantly larger in β-cerium than γ-cerium below room temperature. (caltech.edu)

For the first time, researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI and the ETH Zurich have unveiled a chemical process that uses the sun's thermal energy to convert carbon dioxide and water directly into high-energy fuels: a procedure developed on the basis of a new material combination of cerium oxide and rhodium. (pvbuzz.com)
This was accomplished by adding small amounts of rhodium to the cerium oxide. (pvbuzz.com)

While more research needs to be done, they said, the advance in single atom catalysis has the potential to lower exhaust emissions of methane, one of the worst greenhouse gases, which traps heat at about 25 times the rate of carbon dioxide. (lightsources.org)

Despite always occurring in combination with the other rare-earth elements in minerals such as those of the monazite and bastnäsite groups, cerium is easy to extract from its ores, as it can be distinguished among the lanthanides by its unique ability to be oxidized to the +4 state in aqueous solution. (wikipedia.org)

In this study, citrate-stabilized nanoceria dispersions (approximately 4 nm average primary particle size) were loaded into dialysis cassettes whose membranes passed cerium salts but not nanoceria particles. (cdc.gov)
In carboxylic acid solutions, nanoceria dissolution increased bath cerium concentration to >96% of the cerium introduced as nanoceria into the cassette and decreased nanoceria primary particle size in the cassette. (cdc.gov)

Cerium metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions containing the colourless aquated Ce(III) ion together with hydrogen gas, H 2 . (webelements.com)

TOF inelastic neutron scattering spectra were measured on β-cerium (dhcp) and γ-cerium (fcc) near the phase transition temperature. (caltech.edu)

In their new experiments, Zhu and the team members had to find a way to drive a lattice of atoms to move in a chiral fashion. (eurasiareview.com)

Cerium metal is used in ferrocerium lighters for its pyrophoric properties. (wikipedia.org)
Like the other lanthanides, cerium metal is a good reducing agent, having standard reduction potential of E⦵ = −2.34 V for the Ce3+/Ce couple. (wikipedia.org)
A centimeter-sized sample of cerium metal corrodes completely in about a year. (wikipedia.org)
Cerium oxide is well known to exfoliate from the surface of cerium metal in the same way that rust exfoliates from iron or steel. (unl.edu)
Cerium metal tarnishes slowly in air and burns readily to form cerium (IV) oxide, CeO 2 . (webelements.com)

Rygel, working with Carlo Pantano, distinguished professor of materials science and engineering, and director of Penn State's Materials Research Institute, synthesized and compared 11 glasses with varying concentrations of cerium, aluminum, phosphorus and silica. (sciencedaily.com)

Cerium exists in two states in glasses -- cerium (III) and cerium (IV) -- both states strongly absorb ultraviolet light. (sciencedaily.com)

Arc'teryx has built its reputation on legendary shells and insulated jackets, and one of its biggest sellers is the Atom LT. Simply put, this is a top-notch midlayer that nails the essentials. (blazetravelguides.org)

Cerium is the second element of the lanthanide series. (wikipedia.org)
Cerium Ocsid yn cael ei ystyried yn ocsid metel lanthanide ac yn cael ei ddefnyddio fel amsugnwr uwchfioled, catalydd, asiant caboli, synwyryddion nwy etc.Cerium ocsid sy'n seiliedig ar ddeunyddiau wedi cael eu defnyddio fel photocatalyst ar gyfer diraddio cyfansoddion niweidiol mewn dŵr ac elifion aer gyda rhywfaint o sylw hefyd i adweithiau catalytig ffotothermol, ar gyfer adweithiau ocsideiddio dethol, lleihau CO2, a hollti dŵr. (urbanmines.com)

Cerium oxide at the nanoscale may be researched as an alternative high surface form. (businessresearchinsights.com)

Schematic diagram illustrating the synthesis of functional CeO x nanoglue islands on a SiO 2 support and incorporation of platinum single atoms selectively onto these islands. (stanford.edu)

Cerium oxide is often readily available in most quantities. (businessresearchinsights.com)

We wanted to get larger amounts of cerium into glass, because of its beneficial properties, and then investigate the properties of the glasses," said Jen Rygel, graduate student in materials science and engineering. (sciencedaily.com)

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