• In addition, betahistine hydrochloride also has a diuretic effect, which can promote blood circulation, increase organ blood perfusion, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, improve patient blood pressure levels and ultimately improve symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemia and hypoxia. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced heart damage, is caused by decreased blood flow [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hospital admissions with acute coronary syndromes during the COVID-10 pandemic in German cardiac care units. (uniklinik-freiburg.de)
  • Acute coronary syndromes: A handbook for clinical practice is part of the ESC Education Series. (heartandcoeur.com)
  • Objectives Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes frequently fails to restore myocardial perfusion despite establishing epicardial vessel patency. (bmj.com)
  • In this study, we aim to define the role of endothelin in regulating coronary microvascular blood flow and myocardial perfusion following PCI in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTACS), by assessing whether adjunctive therapy with a selective endothelin A (ET A ) receptor antagonist acutely improves postprocedural coronary microvascular blood flow. (bmj.com)
  • Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes, rise in endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels, a potent vasoconstrictor produced by the vascular endothelium, has been proposed as a potential mediator of reperfusion injury and 'no reflow' phenomenon. (bmj.com)
  • Gibson invented several of the measures of coronary blood flow that are widely used today (the TIMI frame count and the TIMI myocardial perfusion grade). (wikidoc.org)
  • Post-PCI coronary microvascular blood flow and myocardial perfusion were assessed by measuring Doppler-derived average peak velocity (APV), and cardiac biomarker levels were quantified. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions Endothelin is a mediator of microvascular dysfunction during PCI in NSTACS, and adjunctive selective ET A antagonist may augment myocardial perfusion during PCI. (bmj.com)
  • Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. (elifesciences.org)
  • For these, reasons both leukotriene synthesis inhibitors and leukotriene receptor antagonists have been suggested for inducing beneficial effects at different stages of the atherosclerosis process and may represent a new therapeutic target in the treatment of atherosclerotic vessel diseases, in particular in acute coronary syndrome. (hindawi.com)
  • The physiopathological process of ACS is the atherosclerosis, the build-up of an atherosclerotic plaque starts at lesion-prone areas in large- and medium-sized arteries where the endothelium is dysfunctional, induced by cardiovascular risk factors like chronic smoking, hypertension, and permeation of macromolecules such as lipoproteins to the intima layer [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Autopsies of hospital inpatients dying of acute regional MI reveal an acute thrombus overlying atherosclerotic plaque in more than 95% of cases when the coronary arteries are carefully inspected. (medscape.com)
  • While the bioactive glycerophospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays a well-known role in atherosclerotic disease, its role in myocardial function remains virtually unexplored. (lsuhs.edu)
  • Therefore, this article mainly reviews the treatment of acute cerebrovascular disease with betahistine hydrochloride combined with atorvastatin, providing scientific reference for clinical treatment of acute cerebrovascular disease. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In this article, we review the progress in the treatment of acute cerebrovascular disease patients using betahistine hydrochloride combined with atorvastatin. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Acute myocardial infarctions (MIs) are common. (medscape.com)
  • Direct involvement can manifest as conduction system abnormalities, myocardial, and pericardial disease. (statpearls.com)
  • Accordingly, mechanism of enhancing myocardial energetic efficiency by stimulating glucose availability and utilization has led to the vigorous pursuit of therapeutic approaches designed to augment glucose uptake and oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Insulin, glucose and potassium (GIK) are touted as useful metabolic adjuvant, associated with improvement of cardiac function in acute myocardial function, but the general acceptance of this therapeutic approach is limited by requirements for concomitant infusion of glucose and concerns regarding hypoglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, exploring new therapeutic agents and investigating their potential mechanisms underlying myocardial H/R injury is important. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Smoking may increase the thrombus burden in patients with acute coronary syndrome. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cigarette smoking may increase the thrombus burden in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Thrombosis results largely from platelet aggregation and fibrin formation due to rupture or ulceration of the atheroma. (researchsquare.com)
  • Under normal conditions, a thrombus is confined to the immediate area of injury and does not obstruct flow to critical areas, unless the blood vessel lumen is already diminished, as it is in atherosclerosis . (medscape.com)
  • Accumulated evidence indicates that oxidative stress in mitochondria plays a vital role in cardiac injury, but how mitochondrial redox mechanisms are involved in cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. (lsuhs.edu)
  • In this research, we provide a summary of the functions that XBP1s performs in the onset and advancement of CVDs such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. (mdpi.com)
  • Proinflammatory actions of MIF have been reported in various inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Acute cerebrovascular diseases are a group of common clinical diseases characterized by abnormal cerebrovascular circulation. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In addition to central injury in acute cerebrovascular diseases, which can lead to poor prognosis in patients, fluctuations in the properties and functions of local and circulating immune mediators can also trigger the body to enter an immune imbalance state, leading to poor prognosis in some patients after receiving systematic symptomatic support treatment. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The incidence of acute severe cerebrovascular disease is also increasing year by year with the increasing incidence of cerebrovascular diseases, which is the focus of attention in the medical community. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Middle aged and elderly people are the people with high incidence of acute cerebrovascular diseases. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Ischemic injury, however, may be located in the mid myocardium or even the subepicardium if the level of the coronary occlusion is distal within the myocardium. (medscape.com)
  • The hallmark features of systemic sclerosis include immune dysregulation with inflammation, vascular injury with an anatomic and functional abnormality, and systemic interstitial fibrosis of organs and skin, leading to multisystem organ damage. (statpearls.com)
  • Thrombosis is an important part of the normal hemostatic response that limits hemorrhage caused by microscopic or macroscopic vascular injury. (medscape.com)
  • Angioplasty or bypass operations are typically used to address H/R [ 7 ], whereas injuries are generally irreversible. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tanaka M, Mokhtari GK, Terry RD, et al: Overexpression of human copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) suppresses ischemia-reperfusion injury and subsequent development of graft coronary artery disease in murine cardiac grafts. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Herting J R Berg A M Hadova K Heinick A König S Kuhlmann M Müller F U Kirchhefer U. Myocardial overexpression of protein phosphatase 2A-B56α improves resistance against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (uni-muenster.de)
  • The physiopathological process of ACS is the atherosclerosis where MIF operates as a major regulator of inflammation. (hindawi.com)
  • There is increasing evidence from clinical and experimental studies for a causative role of chronic inflammation in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis [ 10 ], where the release of cytokines from platelets, immune, endothelial and smooth muscle cells play a key role [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although the role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis of sepsis is not clearly established yet, coagulopathy has been proposed to play a key role through crosstalk mechanism between inflammation and coagulation as a result of systemic endothelial injury [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, even patients who apparently recovered from AKI at ICU discharge (based on serum creatinine) but with positive biomarkers of kidney injury had a higher risk of death during the year following ICU discharge. (springeropen.com)
  • Patients are divided into 4 groups Group 1 (Smokers treated by PPCI) Group 2 (Non-smokers treated by PPCI) Group 3 (Smoker treated by pharmaco-invasive strategy) Group 4 (Non-smoker treated by pharmaco-invasive strategy) TIMI flow before and after PCI, acute heart failure and death was assessed in each patient. (researchsquare.com)
  • Guha D, Mukerji SS, Chettimada S, Misra V, Lorenz DR, Morgello S, Gabuzda D. Cerebrospinal fluid extracellular vesicles and neurofilament light protein as biomarkers of central nervous system injury in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. (biovendor.com)
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent organ failure encountered among intensive care unit patients. (springeropen.com)
  • A poor short- and mid-term outcome was also observed in patients with sub-clinical AKI (defined by positive biomarkers of kidney injury but not meeting the current definition of AKI) [ 16 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • Clinically, beneficial effects of GLP-1 have also been demonstrated in patients with myocardial ischemia and heart failure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ECG is the most important tool in the initial evaluation and triage of patients in whom an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), such as MI, is suspected. (medscape.com)
  • Initial stabilization of patients with suspected MI and ongoing acute chest pain should include administration of sublingual nitroglycerin if patients have no contraindications to it. (medscape.com)
  • These studies will not only extend our understanding of the fundamental mechanism by which these protein adducts are regulated in the myocardium but will also provide a solid rationale towards the specific putative binding sites available on AIFm2 in regulating NADH oxidoreductase activity during I/R injury-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress. (lsuhs.edu)
  • In the ischemic myocardium, an increase in glucose uptake and subsequent ATP generated through glycolysis helps to sustain myocardial electric and mechanical performance, maintains cellular ultrastructure, promotes myocardial recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The injured myocardium develops an evolving dependence on glucose as its preferred metabolic substrate while development of myocardial insulin resistance is associated with the progression of heart failure and increased incidence as well as severity of the damaged hearts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Atherosclerosis represents an important chronic inflammatory process associated with several pathophysiological reactions in the vascular wall. (hindawi.com)
  • Coronary care units have reduced early mortality rates from acute MI by approximately 50% by providing immediate defibrillation and by facilitating the implementation of beneficial interventions. (medscape.com)
  • We have inherited the majority of four categories of acute and five of secondary prevention interventions with level 1 evidence of benefit in stroke since 1978 in this way (see Table 1). (stemcellresearchformichigan.com)
  • Table 1 Acute interventions and secondary prevention strategies of confirmed benefit based on level I evidence. (stemcellresearchformichigan.com)
  • Moreover, it was observed that, PGRN protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a cardiovascular disease, which describes any condition characterized by signs and symptoms of sudden myocardial ischaemia and reduction in blood flow to the heart [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, we hypothesize that HNE adduction to AIFm2 mediates mitochondrial stress signaling through translocation of AIFm2 from mitochondria to the nucleus and contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure following I/R injury. (lsuhs.edu)
  • Fibrosis account for a significant proportion of the annual death rate worldwide and include myocardial fibrosis, a global health issue related to nearly all forms of heart disease 2 . (nature.com)
  • While the heart is capable of utilizing a variety of available substrates to generate adenosine triphosphate, this metabolic flexibility is compromised under circumstances in which the heart is stressed, particularly by myocardial ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stachydrine (STA), an active constituent of Leonurus heterophyllus sweet, could have a protective effect on myocardial H/R injury, which remains unexplored. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of STA on H/R injury of cardiomyocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seifert R, Kuhlmann MT, Eligehausen S, Kiefer F, Hermann S, Schafers M. Molecular imaging of MMP activity discriminates unstable from stable plaque phenotypes in shear-stress induced murine atherosclerosis. (uni-muenster.de)
  • HupA significantly diminished the infarct size and inhibited the activities of myocardial enzymes, including creatine kinase (CK), the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using state-of-the-art fate-mapping models and genetic and pharmacological targeting approaches, the authors provide solid evidence that the absence of resident macrophages do not influence infarct size but instead alter the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury. (elifesciences.org)
  • This dual role of the complement must be nature's rule just like normal hemostasis, which protects human lives in external bodily injury, but also may harm human lives in intravascular injury through thrombogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data speculated that STA protects H/R injury and inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by activation of the SIRT1-Nrf2 pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Simultaneously detect the levels of these cytokines, chemokines, and acute phase proteins in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)
  • 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease-like degeneration generates acute microgliosis and astrogliosis in the nigrostriatal system but no bioluminescence imaging-detectable alteration in adult neurogenesis. (uni-muenster.de)
  • Experimental manipulation of DNA methylation in engineered human umbilical vein endothelial cells indicated that the identified differentially methylated probes located at TRIM6 , TLN2, and FLRT2 genes may play a role in endothelial cell adhesion and atherosclerosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acute MI may be either of the nonreperfusion type, in which case the obstruction to blood flow is permanent, or of the reperfusion type, in which the obstruction or lack of blood flow is long enough in duration (generally hours) but is reversed or restored after myocardial cell death occurs. (medscape.com)
  • Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) describes any condition characterized by myocardial ischaemia and reduction in blood flow. (hindawi.com)
  • Through the network analysis, reduction of cardiac preload and myocardial contractility was shown to be the major effect of Schisandra components, which was further experimentally validated. (frontiersin.org)
  • Specific Aim # 2: Determine the cytosolic transport protein involved in the translocation of the HNE-adducted AIFm2 complex from the cytosol to the nucleus following cardiac injury. (lsuhs.edu)
  • Mao X, Ji C, Sun C, et al: Topiramate attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in gerbils via activating GABAergic signaling and inhibiting astrogliosis. (spandidos-publications.com)