Assays rats mutant strains. Medical search. Frequent questions

In vitro kinetic assays on crude hktE - pgdx - H. influenzae Rd extracts revealed the presence of NAD(P)H:peroxide oxidoreductase activity, which, however, appears to be physiologically insignificant because of its low affinity for H 2 O 2 ( K m = 1.1 mM). (biomedcentral.com)
We show via an in vitro binding assay that miR-9a binds to sNPFR1 mRNA in insect cells and to the mammalian orthologue NPY2R in rat insulinoma cells. (nature.com)
V79 Chinese hamster cells were treated in vitro both in the presence and absence of a rat liver derived metabolic system (S9 mix). (europa.eu)
In an in vitro forward gene mutation assay at the HGPRT locus of CHO cells, 2 -(2 -butoxyethoxy)ethanol did not elicit a positive response when tested up to the maximum recommended dose of 5000ul/ml with and without S9 metabolic activation. (europa.eu)
In an in vitro cytogenicity assay using Chinese Hamster Ovary cells with and without metabolic activation, there was no evidence of cytogenic properties when tested at doses of 2 -(2 -butoxyethoxyethanol) up to those that cause cytotoxicity. (europa.eu)
Test chemical did not induce mutation in mammalian cell line in the presence and absence of metabolic activation and hence it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. (europa.eu)
Examples of a novel series of phenanthrolinones are shown to be potent competitive inhibitors of avian prolyl 4-hydroxylase, and of collagen hydroxylation, in embryonic chick tendon cells and human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro and in the oestradiol-stimulated rat uterus in vivo. (embl.de)
The mouse lymphoma TK assay -microtiter version- has been established and optimized to quantitatively determine the in vitro genotoxicity of mainstream smoke condensate (MSC) in order to complement our existing testing battery. (pmiscience.com)
In vitro kinase activity assay showed Cek2 could phosphorylate MBP(myelin bovine protein) but not histone H1. (gentaurpub.com)

The Ames test uses several strains of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium that carry mutations in genes involved in histidine synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
Five strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102) and one Escherichia coli strain (WP2 uvr A) were treated in the presence and absence of a rat liver derived metabolic activation system (S9 mix). (europa.eu)
The test chemical did not induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strains both in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to be mutagenic under the conditions of this study. (europa.eu)
Urban rats as carriers of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium sequence type 313, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo. (sciensano.be)

The potential of the test material to cause gene mutation in bacterial strains was determined in accordance with standardised guidelines OECD 471, EU Method B.14 and EPA OPPTS 798.5265. (europa.eu)
Mammalian cell gene mutation assay with mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells (TK) (met. (europa.eu)
In a GLP and guideline (TSCA) CHO / HGPRT gene mutation assay, TEGME tested at concentrations up to 5000 ug/ml did not produce evidence of mutation with or without exogenous metabolic activation by rat liver S-9. (europa.eu)
In a GLP and guideline study, EGnPE tested at concentrations up to 1mg/mL in a mammalian cell gene mutation assay using mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells did not produce evidence of a toxicologically significant increases in the mutant frequency at the TK +/- locus with or without exogenous metabolic activation by rat liver S-9. (europa.eu)
The SALATRIM (short- and long-chain acyl triglyceride molecules) family of triacylglycerols was assessed using a gene mutation assay in cultured mammalian cells (Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells) similarly to OECD guideline 476 (Hayes et al. (europa.eu)

A number of bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assays have been performed on 2 -(2 -methoxyethoxy)ethanol covering the S. typhimurium strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and the E. coli strain WP2uvrA. (europa.eu)
This is different from the results seen in the S. Typhimurium reverse mutation assay in strains TA98 and TA100 with S9, where the burley cigarette was more active than the 100% bright blend cigarette. (pmiscience.com)

Since marked differences in toxicity occurred with the strains used, a second confirmatory experiment was performed with and without metabolic activation on strains TA 1535 and TA 102. (europa.eu)
A test item is considered as a mutagen if a biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants exceeding the threshold of twice (strains TA 98, TA 100, and WP2 uvrA) or thrice (strains TA 1535 and TA 1537) the colony count of the corresponding solvent control is observed. (europa.eu)
This key study was conducted in 1993 and met all test guideline requirements at the time, including use of the five standard test strains, S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 1538. (europa.eu)
The potential mutagenicity of 1,2,3-propanetriyl triisooctadecanoate was assessed in four S. typhimurium strains (TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100) in an Ames test similar to OECD Guideline 471 and under GLP conditions (Waart van de, 1996). (europa.eu)

Based on the results of two independently performed experiments and under the given experimental conditions, it was concluded that the test material did not show any mutagenic activity in the forward mutation assay. (europa.eu)
Here we report that the behavioral defects in the C. elegans egl-2 mutant are caused by a gain-of-function ( gf ) mutation in an eag-like K + channel. (jneurosci.org)
Although mutation of S269, T289, and T297 had no effect on Tec1 degradation, the T276A mutation blocked Tec1 degradation and appeared indistinguishable from the strain mutated at T273 (Fig. (bioinbrief.com)
Current genetic toxicology assays can only estimate somatic-mutation rates by assaying the function of certain gene markers (e.g. (fda.gov)
The rat Downunder (Du) coat color mutation is associated with eye anomalies and embryonic lethality and maps to a 3.9-Mb region on chromosome 3. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)

A non-polar iglA deletion mutant was defective for growth in mouse macrophage-like cells, and in cis complementation largely restored the wild type macrophage growth phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome. (jneurosci.org)
Of the lines from the Feldmann collection screened during the course of this grant, approximately 700 appeared to have the rat phenotype upon first screening. (purdue.edu)
We decided not to use these lines because of our inability to determine whether a rat phenotype would be caused by the T-DNA disruption or a combination of the disruption and the effects of the AP3 gene. (purdue.edu)
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
When EFE is ubiquitously expressed, it overrides endogenous Fushi Tarazu and causes a fushi tarazu mutant phenotype. (biologists.com)
The aim of this study will be analyze 9 genes of unknown function from Candida albicans, among 34 mutant strains that show altered phenotype to biofilm formation, on the cells viability, dry weight, metabolic activity and biofilme architecture, biological characteristics and testing model infections. (fapesp.br)

Therefore, to more effectively test a chemical compound's mutagenicity in relation to larger organisms, rat liver enzymes can be added in an attempt to replicate the metabolic processes' effect on the compound being tested in the Ames Test. (wikipedia.org)
Accordingly, 4000 µg/mL with and without metabolic activation were chosen as highest concentrations for the first mutagenicity assay. (europa.eu)
The original mutagenicity assay was therefore performed at 148.15, 444.44, 1333.33 and 4000.00 µg/mL. (europa.eu)
Are all bacterial strains required by OECD mutagenicity test guideline TG471 needed? (europa.eu)
To compare the mutagenicity of the cigarettes, the dose-response curve for the mutant frequency was calculated by nonlinear regression analysis. (pmiscience.com)
Relevant of mutagenicity and clastogenici- angiosarcomas of the liver, which carcinogens discussed in this chap- ty, including the induction of sister are rare tumours, were identified in ter do not include pharmaceutical chromatid exchange (SCE), chro- humans, rats, and mice exposed to drugs classified in Group 1, which mosomal aberrations (CA), and mi- vinyl chloride. (who.int)

The test serves as a quick and convenient assay to estimate the carcinogenic potential of a compound because standard carcinogen assays on mice and rats are time-consuming (taking two to three years to complete) and expensive. (wikipedia.org)
The latter include long-term/carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats, a three-generation reproduction in rats and teratology studies in rabbits, dogs and monkeys. (inchem.org)

The tester strains are specially constructed to detect either frameshift (e.g. strains TA-1537 and TA-1538) or point (e.g. strain TA-1531) mutations in the genes required to synthesize histidine, so that mutagens acting via different mechanisms may be identified. (wikipedia.org)
The tester strains also carry mutations in the genes responsible for lipopolysaccharide synthesis, making the cell wall of the bacteria more permeable, and in the excision repair system to make the test more sensitive. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, we monitored evolutionary changes in RSV-F, particularly potential resistance mutations in the palivizumab binding site, among strains from children who did and did not receive palivizumab. (cdc.gov)
The flow cytometry-based Pig-a assay detects cells deficient in Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (or GPI)-anchored surface markers and provides a rapid and cost-effective enumeration of cells that are presumed to contain mutations in the endogenous X-linked Pig-a gene. (fda.gov)
1994). Gene mutations at the HPRT locus were investigated in the presence and absence of metabolic activation (rat liver S9-mix) with concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL. (europa.eu)

2019 reviewed the sensitivity and selectivity of the bacterial strains specified in OECD TG 471, including S. typhimurium TA102, E. coli WP2 uvrA and E. coli WP2 uvrA (pKM101). (europa.eu)

Positional cloning of rat mutant genes reveals new functions of these genes. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Hypertension-Associated Genes in the Mesenteric Artery of Three Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Substrains Identified Using a DNA Array Method. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
1. Identification and characterization of Arabidopsis rat mutants and molecular cloning of RAT genes (Gelvin, Citovsky, Hohn, and Ziemienowicz laboratories, with help from undergraduate students at Tuskegee University). (purdue.edu)
Normal Fushi Tarazu target genes are affected as they are in fushi tarazu mutants. (biologists.com)
According to the results obtained will be selected one or two mutant strains for specific and detailed analysis of genes/ proteins involved. (fapesp.br)

Cdc4 strains harboring mutant Cdc4 alleles in a background were generated through sporulation and tetrad dissection of Pazopanib pontent inhibitor diploid cells transformed with corresponding plasmids. (bioinbrief.com)
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. (yeastgenome.org)

This supports the need for a genotoxicity testing battery of complementary assays for the comprehensive testing of cigarette smoke. (pmiscience.com)

The assay was designed to detect known human pathogens spread by Ixodes species ticks, but it was not optimized to detect Bbsl co-infections. (cdc.gov)
To determine if such co-infections were overlooked particularly in ticks infected with Bbss, we retested and analyzed a subsample of 845 Borrelia infected ticks using a next generation sequencing multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing (MPAS) assay that can identify Borrelia species and Bbsl co-infections. (cdc.gov)
The assay also includes targets that can molecularly confirm identifications of Ixodes species ticks to better inform pathogen-vector associations. (cdc.gov)

MTS510 mAb detects TLR4-MD-2 on the surface of thioglycollate-elicited macrophages from all mouse strains tested (ie, BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/HeJ, C3H/HeN, and DBA/1), including the C3H/HeJ strain which expresses an LPS-resistant mutant TLR4. (bdbiosciences.com)

In both experiments, performed with and without metabolic activation, none of the tested concentrations of test material led to an increase in the incidence of either histidine- or tryptophan-prototrophic mutants by comparison with the solvent control. (europa.eu)
In experiment I without S9 mix, the data in the solvent control of strain TA 100 were slightly above our historical control range. (europa.eu)

Positive responses were obtained for all cigarettes, with concentration-related increases in the mutant frequency. (pmiscience.com)

These strains are auxotrophic mutants, i.e. they require histidine for growth, but cannot produce it. (wikipedia.org)

Protection of rabbits against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) using an intimin null mutant. (sciensano.be)
Pathogenic properties of Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic commercial rabbits. (sciensano.be)

Behavioral and pharmacological studies of these mutants may provide insight into the genetic and mechanistic basis of K + channel dysfunction in vivo . (jneurosci.org)

In both experiments comparison of the number of mutant colonies in the controls and in the cultures treated with the various concentrations of the test material revealed no biologically relevant increase of the mutant frequencies as determined by screening with 6-thioguanine. (europa.eu)
Concentrations ranging from 100 to 5000 µg/plate were selected for treatment in the main assay. (europa.eu)
Based on these results, the occurrence of chromosome aberrations was investigated in the presence and absence of metabolic activation (rat liver S9-mix) with test substance concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL. (europa.eu)

High choline intake during gestation and early postnatal development in rat and mouse models improves cognitive function in adulthood, prevents age-related memory decline, and protects the brain from the neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and neurological damage associated with epilepsy, fetal alcohol syndrome, and inherited conditions such as Down and Rett syndromes. (mdpi.com)
Enlarged ventricles and septal abnormalities were also features of the mutant mouse brain. (jneurosci.org)
IRDye infrared secondary antibodies to the myc-tagged proteins (IRDye Pazopanib pontent inhibitor 680-goat anti-mouse antibody, LiCor 926-32220) and tubulin (IRDye 800-goat anti-rat antibody) were used. (bioinbrief.com)
JORGE, ANTONIO O. C. . Recent mouse and rat methods for the study of experimental oral candidiasis . (fapesp.br)

Tricyclic antidepressants reverse egl-2(gf) mutant phenotypes, suggesting that EGL-2 is a tricyclic target. (jneurosci.org)

Gene knockout in rats is much harder and has only been possible since 2003. (wikipedia.org)
There are several thousand different strains of knockout mice. (wikipedia.org)

The pattern of distribution of 35 S-residues in tissues from these rats, sacrificed 75 hours after the single dose or 24 hours after the third daily dose, was also essentially the same with the highest concentration being detected in the blood and the lowest in brain. (inchem.org)

Rat liver extract is optionally added to simulate the effect of metabolism, as some compounds, like benzo[a]pyrene, are not mutagenic themselves but their metabolic products are. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, nuclei isolated from liver of rats after treatment with three daily intraperitoneal doses of ( 35 S)-captan contained appreciable amounts of radioactivity. (inchem.org)
Effects on Other Biochemical Parameters Incubation of isolated liver nuclei from normal rats with captan for 10 minutes at 37 C resulted in changes in distribution of various protein fractions. (inchem.org)
Binding studies with isolated rat liver nuclei indicated evolution as gas(es) of a large percentage of the total radioactivity from ( 35 S)-captan, suggesting occurrence of an interaction of captan with thiol groups in the nucleus with subsequent release of the SCCl 3 moiety. (inchem.org)
Following incubation with 35 S-captan, the rate of 35 S binding and the percentage of 35 S-labelled gas evolved were slightly higher in isolated liver nuclei from normal rats than from partially hepatectomized rats (Couch et al 1977). (inchem.org)
or each of these agents, carcinogenicity in rats and/or mice, els, differences in exposure con- there was sufficient evidence of car- for example for the liver (aflatoxins, ditions between studies in animals cinogenicity from studies in rats and/ trichloroethylene [TCE], and vinyl and in humans, or limitations in Part 1 · Chapter 1. (who.int)

Gray triangles = other expression annotations only (e.g. absence of expression or data from mutants). (jax.org)

Finally, SpaFED pili are clearly important effectors since an L. rhamnosus ΔspaF mutant failed to provide the same benefits as the wild type strain. (nature.com)

All of the chemicals discussed of this chemical was raised to carci- lung and the nasal cavity were iden- here are IARC Group 1 agents and nogenic to humans (Group 1) based tified as target organs in humans as such can be characterized as on strong mechanistic evidence and rats, respectively. (who.int)

The assay was validated with the positive control substances methyl methanesulfonate and benzo(a)pyrene and MSC from the reference cigarette 1R4F with and without a metabolic activation consisting of the postmitochondrial (S9) fraction of the livers from rats treated with Aroclor 1254. (pmiscience.com)

Endotoxin level is ≤0.01 EU/µg (≤0.001 ng/µg) of protein as determined by the LAL assay. (bdbiosciences.com)
Endotoxin level is ≤0.01 EU/µg (≤0.001 ng/µg) of protein as determined by the LAL assay.NA/LE are perfectly suited to be used in culture or in vivo (for nonhuman studies) for functional assays - blocking, neutralizing, activation or depletion - where the presence of azide may damage cells or exogenous endotoxin may signal or activate cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions revealed egl-2 expression in a subset of neurons and muscles that could explain the mutant behavioral defects. (jneurosci.org)
Evaluation of Tec1 protein level in the presence of pheromone in Sigma 1278b strains was performed as previously described (1) with the exception of the immunoblot visualization technique. (bioinbrief.com)
To further clarify the mechanism of Ang II-induced intracellular signal transduction in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) proliferation by observing the effect of c-Src on Ang II-mediated MAPK activation and c-fos protein expressions in rat VSMCs. (gentaurpub.com)
Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)

More formally, it is a biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Based on the study results, the test substance was considered non-mutagenic in the selected strains of S. typhimurium in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. (europa.eu)

CEK2, a Novel MAPK from Candida albicans Complement the Mating Defect of fus3/kss1 Mutant. (gentaurpub.com)

Mammalian neuropeptide Y receptors (NPYRs) show significant homology with sNPFR1 (ref. 7 ) and treatment of rat insulinoma cells with the mammalian sNPF orthologue NPY enhances their expression of insulin 5 . (nature.com)
In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
Intravenous infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves tissue perfusion in a rat hindlimb ischemia model. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Possible role of intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome in a Toll-like receptor-7 agonist-induced experimental animal model in rat. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Usually mutant cells are targeted for apoptosis (programmed cell death) but not always. (emfacts.com)
These cells might be taken specifically from a body, or they may be from a known cell-line or cell-strain which has been specially cultivated over time and has known characteristics. (emfacts.com)
Effect of PP60c-Src on angiotensin II-induced signal transduction in rat vascular smooth muscle cells]. (gentaurpub.com)
2788 related Products with: [Effect of PP60c-Src on angiotensin II-induced signal transduction in rat vascular smooth muscle cells]. (gentaurpub.com)
For models of infection, epithelial cells (TR- 146) e endothelial cells (HUVEC) will be used for analysis of adherence, invasion and damage by mutant and revertant strains. (fapesp.br)

Each strain was additionally tested in the presence and in the absence of a metabolic activation system with a suitable, known mutagen as positive control. (europa.eu)

From each dose-response curve, the effective concentration for a 3-fold increase over the spontaneous mutant frequency was calculated and compared. (pmiscience.com)
An increase in mutant frequency was not observed at any concentration tested whether with or without metabolic activation. (europa.eu)
The positive controls significantly increased the mutant frequency. (europa.eu)

However, Haemophilus influenzae type b strain Eagan (Hib), a causative agent of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in young children, disrupted in its hktE gene is not attenuated in virulence, and retains the ability to rapidly scavenge H 2 O 2 . (biomedcentral.com)
To study the role of PGdx in virulence and to assess the requirement of H 2 O 2 -scavenging during the course of infection, both a pgdx single mutant and a pgdx / hktE double mutant of Hib were assayed for virulence in an infant rat model. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, H 2 O 2 -scavenging is not a determinant of Hib virulence in the infant rat model of infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Disruption of mglA or mglB results in mutants that are severely attenuated for virulence [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The virulence of the strains will be verified in macrophage survival assay and death of C. albicans by neutrophils. (fapesp.br)

Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains. (yeastgenome.org)

CEK2 gene could complement the fus3/kss1 mutant and underwent mating signal induction by a tester strain, but CEK1 gene could not complement with the fus3/kss1 mutant. (gentaurpub.com)
The positive and negative controls included for each tester strain were shown to be valid. (europa.eu)

O109:K-: H2, whereas strains from diarrheic weaned rabbits belonged to at least eight different serogroups . (sciensano.be)

The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C . (yeastgenome.org)

The first and second confirmatory experiments with metabolic activation were carried out as preincubation assay. (europa.eu)

Results from this experiment were confirmed by those of a second test with groups of female mice of the same strain fed dietary levels of captan ranging from 500 to 16 000 ppm for up to 213 days. (inchem.org)
To test whether the assay is able to discriminate different cigarette types, MSC from five research cigarettes containing different tobacco blends was prepared and assayed. (pmiscience.com)

Selective Involvement of a Subset of Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons Operated by a Prodynorphin Promoter in Aβ Fiber-Mediated Neuropathic Allodynia-Like Behavioral Responses in Rats. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Thanks to the close relationships established with their hosts, some probiotic strains can provide additional benefits: for example, they can mediate either immune responses or barrier functions 10 . (nature.com)

In contrast, mRNA levels are now shown not to change by both Northern and RNAse protection assays. (embl.de)
Figure 11 The effect of DAPT on Bax and Bcl-xl mRNA softnesss in pulmonary artery strips from hypoxia rats. (upb.ro)

Of the 600 plants screened in the Hohn laboratory, 53 putative mutants were identified in the first round. (purdue.edu)
Vitaly Citovsky sent a postdoctoral research fellow to Stan Gelvin's laboratory in June, 2000 for a period of one month to receive training in rat mutant screening. (purdue.edu)
They received training in rat mutant screening, and are continuing this work in Dr. Prakash's laboratory during this academic year. (purdue.edu)

Maintaining the thyroid gland in mutant thyroglobulin-induced hypothyroidism requires thyroid cell proliferation that must continue in adulthood. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Transplantation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived airway epithelial cell sheet into the middle ear of rats. (kyoto-u.ac.jp)

Emergence of bluetongue serotypes in Europe, part 1: description and validation of four real-time RT-PCR assays for the serotyping of bluetongue viruses BTV-1, BTV-6, BTV-8 and BTV-11. (sciensano.be)

Anatomy1

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes25

Information Science3

Health Care1

Vitro9

Salmonella4

Gene mutation5

TA982

15354

Mutation5

Phenotype7

Mutagenicity6

Mice and rats2

Mutations5

Bacterial strains1

Genes5

Alleles2

Genotoxicity1

Species3

Detects1

Solvent control2

Increases in the mutant frequency1

Histidine1

Escherichia2

Genetic1

Concentrations3

Mouse4

Phenotypes1

Knockout2

Tissues1

Liver6

Annotations1

Wild-type strain1

Mechanistic1

Livers1

Protein6

Mutagenic2

Candida1

Cells9

Metabolic activation system1

Frequency3

Virulence5

Locus1

Tester strain2

Rabbits1

Sequence1

Experiments1

Test2

Responses2

MRNA2

Laboratory3

Cell2

Viruses1