• D. Bruder, E. , O. Richards, J. , M. Michel, K. and Oaks, M. (2016) Differential Effects of Alternative Glycoforms of IgG on Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Sialylated IgG Induces Novel Expression Signatures of Cell Surface Markers, Cytokines, and Chemokines. (scirp.org)
  • In addition, multiplex protein assays show that expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including CXCL1, CCL17, CCL22, CCL3 and IL-1α are reduced in DKI mice compared to WT mice, which may account for the reduced disease severity in DKI mice. (keystonesymposia.org)
  • Pancreatic acinar cell injury triggers the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (32, 36, 39, 41, 82). (pancreapedia.org)
  • This review aims to describe the roles of key cytokines and chemokines in commonly used experimental models of pancreatitis and how the cytokine profile is affected by the choice of a specific model. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Neuroinflammation is a major pathogenic mechanism for secondary brain injury following TBI [1-3], characterized by edema, microglial and astrocytic activation and migration, and the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines [4-6]. (researchsquare.com)
  • A membrane-based antibody array for the parallel determination of the relative levels of selected mouse cytokines and chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
  • Rat CXCL1 was first reported when NRK-52E (normal rat kidney-52E) cells were stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to generate a cytokine that was chemotactic for rat neutrophils, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). (wikipedia.org)
  • We have previously shown that the sialic acid-containing (Sia + ) fraction of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) influences cell surface marker expression and cytokine/ chemokine secretion during the differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). (scirp.org)
  • The present study examined the effects of Sia + IgG on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived monocyte and macrophage surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. (scirp.org)
  • Our data indicate that the Sia + fraction of IVIG possesses the ability to influence inflammatory processes in multiple immune cell types and induces novel signatures in cell surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine production. (scirp.org)
  • AN2728-loaded antibody-conjugated nanocarriers inhibited cytokine/chemokine overexpression in activated keratinocytes without affecting cell viability. (thno.org)
  • We examined cytokine/chemokine profiles of 9/12 case-patients compared with healthy controls at 3 time intervals. (cdc.gov)
  • Combining light sheet microscopy imaging of choroid plexus, a differentiated model of the blood-CSF barrier, and multiplex cytokine assays, we showed that the choroidal epithelium responds to the bacterial insult by a specific pattern of cytokine secretion, leading to a selective accumulation of neutrophils in the choroid plexus and to their trafficking into CSF. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the context of AP, the most extensively investigated chemokines are CC-ligand 2 (CCL2, also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP-1), CXC-ligand 1 (CXCL1, also known as cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant or CINC in rat and keratinocyte cytokine or KC in mouse), and CXC-ligand 2 (CXCL2, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha or MIP2a). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The acute peripheral immune response to surgery was assessed by cytokine/chemokine profiling and flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although hallmarks of a cytokine storm were evident in both groups, older individuals exhibited elevated levels of chemokines that mobilize inflammatory myeloid cells, notably in those who succumbed to disease. (medrxiv.org)
  • His Cytokine research incorporates themes from CXCL1 and Fibronectin. (research.com)
  • The Mouse Cytokine Array, Panel A utilizes capture antibodies spotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane to allow high-throughput multi-analyte profiling of 40 cytokines, chemokines, and more in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)
  • Cell-free supernatants were assayed for cytokine secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to the manufacturer's protocol. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • Another reported that IL-10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL-10, formerly IFN-γ inducible protein 10) and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2, formerly monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) levels were higher in patients with high viral loads ( 12 ), but patients with severe disease had higher levels of CXCL10 and CCL2 than did patients with less-severe cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemokine ccl2. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)
  • CCL2 acts predominantly via the CC-receptor CCR2, although it also binds to CCR4 (138), whereas CXCL1 and CXCL2 both act via CXCR2 (125). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Knockdown by AAV9-TRAF6-RNAi improved spatial learning and memory, decreased TUNEL-positive cell number in injured cortex, and downregulated expression levels of p-NF-κB, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38, CCL2, CCR2, CXCL1, and CXCR2 post-TBI. (researchsquare.com)
  • Chemokines such as chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) are critical signaling factors regulating post-TBI neuroinflammation. (researchsquare.com)
  • Our preliminary study found that CCL2 was mainly co-localized with the astroglial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), while the CCL2 receptor chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 (CCR2) was mainly co-localized with the neuronal nuclear marker NeuN in TBI model rats, suggesting that CCL2‒CCR2 signaling is a major driver of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and concomitant motor and cognitive dysfunction following TBI [9]. (researchsquare.com)
  • We further demonstrated that in vitro administration of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly upregulated expression levels of CCL2 and CXCL1 as well as phosphorylation (activation) of the stress-associated transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 in cultured astrocytes prepared from cerebral cortices of neonatal rats. (researchsquare.com)
  • All CM shared similar cytokines expression pattern including CXCL1-2-3/GRO, CCL2/MCP-1 and CXCL8/IL-8 being the latter with the highest concentration. (oncotarget.com)
  • placentas were assayed for CCL2, IL6, and TNFα and placentas were screened for gene expression. (mssm.edu)
  • Supernatants were assayed for CCL2, IL6, and TNFα. (mssm.edu)
  • CXCL1 exists as both monomer and dimer and both forms are able to bind chemokine receptor CXCR2. (wikipedia.org)
  • After binding to its receptor CXCR2, CXCL1 activates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ)/Akt, MAP kinases such as ERK1/ERK2 or phospholipase-β (PLCβ) signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • CXCR2 receptor for CXCL1 is expressed in the brain and spinal cord by neurons and oligodendrocytes and during CNS pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and brain injury also by microglia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The data presented here describe the cellular pharmacology of the acid and ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate pharmacophore, a potent antagonist of CXCR2 signaling by the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate antagonized CXCL1-stimulated chemotaxis (IC 50 = 42 nM) and calcium flux (IC 50 = 48 nM) in human neutrophils, but they were inactive in cell-free assays of 125 I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated guanosine 5′- O -(3-[ 35 S]thio)triphosphate ([ 35 S]GTPγS) exchange. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Acid forms of the nicotinamide glycolate were inactive in whole-cell assays of chemotaxis and calcium flux, but they inhibited 125 I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated [ 35 S]GTPγS exchange. (aspetjournals.org)
  • CXCL1 could bind to CXCR2 on MDSCs and promote their migration to the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is a chemotactic receptor that is critical in neutrophil mobilization from bone marrow to blood and tissue sites. (frontiersin.org)
  • Interferon pathway-related cytokines/chemokines, including interleukin (IL) 18, macrophage inflammatory protein 3α, and IL-33, were elevated, but tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, CXCL8 (formerly IL-8), and cytokines acting through C-C chemokine receptor 2 and CCR5 were lower among case-patients than controls. (cdc.gov)
  • Primary astrocytes were stimulated with LPS following TRAF6 siRNA or control transfection, and NF-κB, MAPKs, chemokine, and chemokine receptor expression levels evaluated by western blotting and ELISA. (researchsquare.com)
  • Mature CXCL1/2/3 proteins bind with high affinity to the IL-8 receptor type B and are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. (rndsystems.com)
  • However, BATF did not modulate the functions of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), including the expressions of chemokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small peptide belonging to the CXC chemokine family that acts as a chemoattractant for several immune cells, especially neutrophils or other non-hematopoietic cells to the site of injury or infection and plays an important role in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
  • Interferon pathway activation and cytokines/chemokines acting through CCR2 and CCR5 improved health results among children with severe CCHF. (cdc.gov)
  • We assessed cardiac response in two experimental models of CKD and tested macrophage and chemokine implication in monocytopenic CCR2 −/− and anti-CXCL10 treated mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-8, and chemokines K203, ah221 (CCL7), ah294, CCL3, CCL20, K60 (CXCL1) and CXCL14 were all upregulated from 1.3 to 26.7 fold in A/ph/CA/2373/98 (H9N2) virus infected Macrophages. (usda.gov)
  • CXCL1 is expressed at higher levels during inflammatory responses thus contributing to the process of inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Collectively through the application of molecular and cellular assays, and advanced imaging platforms, our work aims to unravel previously unexplored cellular and molecular physiological concepts and identify disease-specific phenomena in immunity, inflammation and vascular biology. (qmul.ac.uk)
  • N-acetylcysteine acted by blocking neutrophil migration across both the endothelium of choroidal stromal vessels and the epithelium forming the blood-CSF barrier, without interfering with neutrophil blood count, neutrophil tropism for choroid plexus, and choroidal chemokine-driven chemotaxis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence or absence of a glutamate-leucine-arginine sequence further divides chemokines into 'ELR' and 'non-ELR' chemokines, with ELR-chemokines exhibiting highest activity in chemotaxis assays (65, 130). (pancreapedia.org)
  • SPD-MAA results in an increase in lung pro-inflammatory chemokine, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and the recruitment of lung lavage neutrophils. (cdc.gov)
  • A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)
  • In macrophage-colony stimulating factor (MCSF) generated macrophages, Sia + IgG induced increased production of numerous cytokines/ chemokines including IL-6, TNFα, CXCL1, and IL-10, and the expression of the macrophage surface marker CD163. (scirp.org)
  • The material from each step isscreened using acellular and in vitro assays for evaluating general toxicity, mechanisms of toxicity, and macrophage function. (cdc.gov)
  • In humans, this protein is encoded by the gene Cxcl1 and is located on human chromosome 4 among genes for other CXC chemokines. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results from the tissue microarrays and rat/mouse liver tissues suggest that EMMPRIN mRNA and protein levels in the fibrotic livers are lower than those in the corresponding normal control livers, but higher SNO level of EMMPRIN in fibrotic liver area was shown by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and biotin-switch assay conversely in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
  • The platform allows for the simultaneous analysis of multiple rat cytokines, chemokines and other protein biomarkers, greatly increasing the efficiency of researchers. (creative-proteomics.com)
  • The targeted nanohybrids also suppressed neutrophil migration by reducing CXCL1 and CXCL2 release from keratinocytes. (thno.org)
  • In response to cerulein (a CCK-8 ortholog widely used to elicit early pancreatitis responses in isolated acini an ex-vivo pancreatitis model), murine pancreatic acinar cells upregulate mRNA expression of both CXCL1 and CXCL2 within 90 min, with a supramaximally stimulating cerulein concentration of 0.1 mM producing 8 fold increase in CXCL1 and 10 fold increase in CXCL2 expression (87). (pancreapedia.org)
  • CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3, also known respectively as GRO alpha, GRO beta (MIP-2 alpha ) and GRO gamma (MIP-2 beta ), are members of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
  • Several placental transcripts (APOE, CCL4, CXCL1, and NFκBIZ) differentially expressed following maternal LPS challenge were counter-regulated by MgSO 4 treatment. (mssm.edu)
  • 5 Functional in vitro assays indicate different physiological roles of MSCs related to their heterogeneity and tissue location of origin. (bmj.com)
  • Finally we decided to assess 3 processing kinetics of recombinant HIV 1 W IN and CRF02 AG 33CR IN within the presence of increasing levels of IN 50nM to 200nM recombinant IN proteins having an increasing incubation time, using both in vitro 3 processing activity assay and steady state fluorescence anisotropy based assay. (sykpathway.com)
  • The chemokine receptors CXCR1/2 are involved in a variety of inflammatory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
  • Another mechanism whereby injured pancreatic acinar cells trigger the inflammatory response is through synthesis and release of cytokines (36) and chemokines (11), and upregulation of adhesion molecules such as the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (136), which together promote neutrophil and monocyte infiltration (27, 71) and exacerbate tissue injury (10, 27, 37). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Applications Tested: The Functional Grade Purified MP5-20F3 antibody has been tested by LAL assay to verify low endotoxin levels, by ELISA, and in bioassay for neutralization of mouse IL-6 bioactivity. (thermofisher.com)
  • The role of CXCL1 was described by several studies in the development of various tumors, such as breast cancer, gastric and colorectal carcinoma or lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, the levels of NETs were assessed and lung injuries were by histopathology and TUNEL assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The formation of NETs is known as NETosis, and it starts with neutrophil activation by pattern recognition receptors (TLRs, e.g.) or chemokines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His studies in Allergy, Eosinophil, Chemokine, Interleukin 5 and Pathogenesis are all subfields of Immunology research. (research.com)
  • Also, CXCL1 is secreted by human melanoma cells, has mitogenic properties and is implicated in melanoma pathogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Targeting TRAF6-MAPK/NF-κB-chemokine signaling pathways may provide a novel therapeutic approach for reducing post-TBI neuroinflammation and concomitant secondary injury. (researchsquare.com)
  • On the other hand, on the periphery, CXCL1 contributes to the release of prostaglandins and thus causes increased sensitivity to pain and drives nociceptive sensitization via recruitment of neutrophils to the tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 3 H acid was not internalized by neutrophils but was sufficient alone to inhibit CXCL1-stimulated calcium flux in neutrophils that were permeabilized by electroporation to permit its direct access to the cell interior. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Further experiments revealed that TRIM28 could upregulate the expression of CXCL1 by activating NF-κB signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CXCL1 was first cloned from a cDNA library of genes induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation of BALB/c-3T3 murine embryonic fibroblasts and named "KC" for its location in the nitrocellulose colony hybridization assay. (wikipedia.org)
  • Detects human CXCL1/2/3 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. (rndsystems.com)
  • The MP5-20F3 antibody at 0.03 µg/mL has been found to inhibit by 50% the biological effects of 0.01 ng/mL mouse IL-6 in an B9 cell proliferation assay. (thermofisher.com)
  • Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.001 ng/µg antibody, as determined by LAL assay. (thermofisher.com)
  • Additionally, at 6 and 12 hours post infection, the cells will be fixed, and an immunofluorescent antibody assay will be performed to detect AIV. (usda.gov)
  • Be the first to review Human CXCL1/2/3/GRO Pan Specific Alexa Fluor® 350-conjugated Antibody and earn rewards! (rndsystems.com)
  • Have you used Human CXCL1/2/3/GRO Pan Specific Alexa Fluor® 350-conjugated Antibody? (rndsystems.com)
  • CXCL1 plays a role in spinal cord development by inhibiting the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon normal conditions, CXCL1 is not expressed constitutively. (wikipedia.org)
  • After 3 weeks, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected and assayed for a total cell count, a differential cell count and CXCL1 (KC) chemokine. (cdc.gov)
  • Intervention with the targeted nanosystem reduced the epidermal thickness of the psoriasiform lesion from 191 to 42 µm, decreased the Psoriasis Area Severity Index by 74%, restored barrier function, and returned chemokine levels to baseline. (thno.org)
  • Simultaneously detect the levels of these cytokines, chemokines, and acute phase proteins in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)
  • Guadecitabine in association with ICBs increased serum levels of IFN-γ and IFN-γ-induced chemokines with anti-angiogenic activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, CXCL1 chemokine is able to dimerize only at higher (micromolar) concentrations and its concentrations are only nanomolar or picomolar upon normal conditions, which means that the form of WT CXCL1 is more likely monomeric while dimeric CXCL1 is present only during infection or injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Flow laser technology is used in the assay to detect each microsphere, preventing interference from heteroantigens (antibodies) in the specimen. (creative-proteomics.com)
  • The present study identified TRIM28 as a promoter of chemokine-driven recruitment of MDSCs through RIPK1-mediated NF-κB activation, leading to the suppression of infiltrating activated CD8 + T cells and the development of anti-PD-1 resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An initial study in mice showed evidence that CXCL1 decreased the severity of multiple sclerosis and may offer a neuro-protective function. (wikipedia.org)
  • In comparison to WT, no increase in CXCL1 was observed in BAL fluid from SR-A1 KO mice over time. (cdc.gov)
  • CXCL1 is also involved in the processes of wound healing and tumorigenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mouse splenocytes (500,000 cells/well) were activated with LPS (1 µg/mL) for 48 hours in mouse IL-6 ELISPOT assay. (thermofisher.com)
  • In this assay, the binding of INTO a fluorophore marked dsODN substrate resembling one end of the viral DNA is watched by the increase of the steady state anisotropy price, resulting from the restriction of the substrate movements. (sykpathway.com)