AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceNamed Groups
HydroxyprolineCollagenSerumProlineHydroxylysineProcollagen-Proline DioxygenaseSalivaEncyclopedias as TopicAstronautsAnovulationHypogonadismPituitary ACTH HypersecretionCircadian Rhythm
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assaysUrinary hydroxyprolineCollagenHepaticFibroblastsChanges in serumMonoclonal antibodyELISAAntibodiesRecipientsCollagensTissuesAssessmentCalciumProteinsBoneUrineLiverToxicantsConcentrationsClinicalVitro studyCardiacHydroxylationDetectionStudyLevelsPathwayConclusionsSignificantVersusProteinMolecularSamplesTypeSpecificIncreaseRangesFormationFunctionDiseaseEffectFigure
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays2
  • The statuses of stromal cell-derived factor 1 and its inhibitor CD26 were examined by immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and colorimetric assays. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Antibodies directed against SVCV react with the homologous virus in serum neutralization, immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, but they cross-react to various degrees with the pike fry rhabdovirus (PFR), suggesting the 2 viruses are closely related. (musiceye11.com)
Urinary hydroxyproline3
  • Although urinary hydroxyproline was previously one of the primary bone resorption markers used, specificity and sensitivity were lacking in this assay. (medscape.com)
  • Urinary hydroxyproline has consequently been replaced by more specific techniques. (medscape.com)
  • Miacalcin injection is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic Paget's disease of bone in patients with moderate to severe disease characterized by polyostotic involvement with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion. (drugs.com)
Collagen11
  • A component of bone collagen, hydroxyproline is released into the serum during degradation of bone, reaching the urine in free and bound forms. (medscape.com)
  • Assays have been developed based on specific antibodies raised in an immune response against isolated collagen peptides containing cross-links. (medscape.com)
  • The NTX assay employs a monoclonal antibody directed against a urinary pool of collagen cross-links (originating from a patient with Paget disease). (medscape.com)
  • The collagen content of the BTC and cellular proliferation of fibroblasts were assessed using colorimetric assays. (researchgate.net)
  • Examples of a novel series of phenanthrolinones are shown to be potent competitive inhibitors of avian prolyl 4-hydroxylase, and of collagen hydroxylation, in embryonic chick tendon cells and human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro and in the oestradiol-stimulated rat uterus in vivo. (embl.de)
  • 8 h following single oral doses of the compounds was associated with significant losses of radiolabelled proline and 4-hydroxyproline from collagen during this period. (embl.de)
  • Afterward, the efficacy of decellularization procedure was evaluated using multiple approaches including assessment of DNA, hydroxyproline, and GAG content as well as Masson's trichrome and orcein staining used for collagen and elastin determination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To determine the effect of thiamine (vitamin B,) on collagen production during wound healing, hydroxyproline content (HP), lysyl oxidase activity (LO), and pepsin-solubilized collagen components were examined in dermis, wound fluid, and artificially induced granulation tissue from surgically wounded rats. (coek.info)
  • By mass spec- trometry, we and other investigators have shown that Pro-986 in the 1(I) collagen chain of bone and skin from such patients can be severely under-3-hydroxyated. (documents.pub)
  • a study of collagen metabolism in cell cultures by fluorometric determination of proline and hydroxyproline. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • a technique of derivatization of proline (pro) and 4-hydroxyproline (hyp) by 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole permitted the measurement of pro and hyp radioactivities, concentrations, and specific activities in the main fractions separated from cultures of fibroblast cells (extracellular collagen and non-collagen proteins, intracellular free pro and hyp, pro- and hyp-containing peptides, procollagen, and non-collagen proteins). (liverpool.ac.uk)
Hepatic3
  • Organ coefficients, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hexadecenoic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen type III (PCIII), hydroxyproline (Hyp), glutathione (GSH‑Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‑β1) levels were measured in rats with hepatic fibrosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The results showed that YQRG effectively alleviated CCl 4 -induced liver injury and fibrosis in rats, including observations of improved liver function, decreased activity of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and decreased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Parasite load, hepatic pathology and serum antibodies were detected to assess the severity of the infection. (bvsalud.org)
Fibroblasts1
  • We quantified CXCL10 in human CKD plasma and tested the response of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and primary cardiac fibroblasts to serum from CKD donors. (biomedcentral.com)
Changes in serum1
  • Marked changes in serum sodium concentration also affect the protein binding of calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
Monoclonal antibody1
  • Specifically, the LM2 monoclonal antibody (which recognized -GlcA epitopes on AGPs) showed a weak signal for the endothecium, microspores, and pollen tube apex. (exposed-skin-care.net)
ELISA1
  • Most saliva testing is performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), or any number of newer technologies such as fiber-optic-based detection. (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies1
  • Saliva is a useful biological fluid for assaying steroid hormones such as cortisol, genetic material like RNA, proteins such as enzymes and antibodies, and a variety of other substances, including natural metabolites, including saliva nitrite, a biomarker for nitric oxide status (see below for Cardiovascular Disease, Nitric Oxide: a salivary biomarker for cardio-protection). (wikipedia.org)
Recipients1
  • antibody response to the 14-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (eia) in 17 renal allograft recipients, 29 azotemic, 11 hemodialysis, and 33 control patients. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Collagens2
  • However, because it is derived from the degradation of newly synthesized collagens, from collagens of nonbone tissues, and from diet, serum hydroxyproline is now considered to be a nonspecific marker of bone turnover. (medscape.com)
  • Both the level of hydroxyproline, a major component of the collagens (COL) and the areas of fibrosis in liver were significantly lowered. (scientificarchives.com)
Tissues1
  • Affected fish show destruction of tissues in the kidney, spleen and liver, leading to hemorrhage, loss of water-salt balance and impairment of immune response. (musiceye11.com)
Assessment2
  • We used low-, medium-, and high-dose YQRG to treat CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis in rats, followed by assessment of liver injury and fibrosis according to liver appearance, body weight, liver mass index, histopathologic examination, and serum testing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it is obvious that changes in total serum calcium concentration cannot be used for the assessment of the effect on bound calcium concentration unless the changes in albumin and globulin concentrations also are determined. (abdominalkey.com)
Calcium17
  • The normal range for total serum calcium must be established for each laboratory and varies according to the method used. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Total serum calcium is divisible into protein-bound and ultrafiltrable (diffusible) calcium ( Fig. 6-1 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • Figure 6-1 Calcium fractions in the serum. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Ionized calcium in normal serum, ultrafiltrates and whole blood determined by ion-exchange electrode. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Approximately 40% of total calcium is bound to serum proteins, and 80% to 90% of this calcium is bound to albumin. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Variations in serum protein alter proportionately the concentration of the protein-bound and total serum calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
  • An increase in serum albumin concentration of 1 g/dL increases protein-bound calcium by 0.8 mg/dL, whereas an increase of 1 g/dL of globulin increases protein-bound calcium by 0.16 mg/dL. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Respectively, in vitro, freezing and thawing serum samples may decrease the binding of calcium as well. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Serum ultrafiltrable calcium is obtained by applying pressure on serum against a semipermeable membrane. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Thus, serum water is forced across the membrane, and the ultrafiltrate is analyzed for calcium concentration and then corrected for total serum solids. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Under normal conditions, ultrafiltrable calcium constitutes 55% to 60% of the total serum calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Serum-ionized calcium concentration in normal subjects ranges from 4.0 to 4.9 mg/dL, or 47% of total serum calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Determinations are best made on freshly separated serum, because heparin creates complexes with calcium, and the presence of fibrin may interfere with the structural integrity of the porous membrane used in the procedure. (abdominalkey.com)
  • An increase in serum pH of 0.l unit may cause a decrease in ionized calcium of 0.16 mg/dL ( 1 , 2 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • As with ultrafiltrable calcium, freezing and thawing of serum may alter the level of ionized calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
  • The amount of complexed calcium is measured indirectly by subtracting the ionized calcium (47%) from the ultrafiltrable calcium (60%) and thus equals about 13% of total serum calcium. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Miacalcin injection is indicated for the early treatment of hypercalcemic emergencies, along with other appropriate agents, when a rapid decrease in serum calcium is required, until more specific treatment of the underlying disease can be accomplished. (drugs.com)
Proteins2
  • This transformation has been shown to be the principle determinant for the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Within the past few years, novel mutations in the human P3H1 gene and genes encoding P3H1-associated proteins were shown to cause reces- sive forms of osteogenesis imperfecta (8 -11). (documents.pub)
Bone2
  • CTX shows remarkable response to antiresorptive therapies, while serum ICTP is insensitive to osteoporosis and other normal metabolic bone processes. (medscape.com)
  • However, in bone pathologic conditions such as bone metastasis and rheumatoid arthritis, serum ICTP may be a marker of bone degradation. (medscape.com)
Urine2
  • Serum CrossLaps assay measures only β-isomer of CTX, while the urine CrossLaps assay measures α- and β-isomers of CTX. (medscape.com)
  • Urine from healthy individuals has produced a detectable reaction from these assays, and elevated turnover has produced large increases. (medscape.com)
Liver3
  • These findings showed that YQRG improved CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis through multiple mechanisms and pathways, offering critical insight into the YQRG-related therapeutic mechanism and promoting further research into its potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Trials with adult stem cells in acute liver damage show promising results. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results showed that the liver and spleen parasite load of infected mice in Pam3CSK4 treated and untreated groups had no statistical difference, indicating Pam3CSK4 might have no therapeutic effect on visceral leishmaniasis. (bvsalud.org)
Toxicants1
Concentrations1
  • Our study shows that the level of oxidative stress is enhanced in patients with interstitial lung diseases as reflected by increased concentrations of 8-epi-PGF2alpha in BAL fluid. (drlauda.at)
Clinical2
  • The critical physiological roles of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway have been well characterized in vasodilation and the corresponding therapies and pathway agonists have shown clinical benefits in treating hypertension. (scientificarchives.com)
  • To find out if JNK1 two phosphoryla tion was required to the induction of MMP 9 expres sion in response to TGF PCI-24781 clinical trial b1, the activation of JNK1 two was assayed employing an antibody precise for the phosphorylated form of JNK1 2. (smadpathway.com)
Vitro study2
  • Our in vitro study shows that Dioscorea nipponica rhizome ethanol extract (DNRE) and dioscin protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated inflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells by inhibiting phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), resulting in the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The use of AMA in this in vitro study has not shown any benefit that would support its potential in improving the biology of cuff repair. (researchgate.net)
Cardiac1
  • Here we focus on WWP2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that acts as a positive genetic regulator of human and murine cardiac fibrosis, and show that myeloid specific deletion of WWP2 reduces cardiac fibrosis in hypertension-induced NICM. (nature.com)
Hydroxylation1
  • These sites showed tissue speci- ficity in degree of hydroxylation and a pattern of D-periodic spacing. (documents.pub)
Detection1
  • Until the late 1980s, the detection limit of TSH assays was within the normal range, and these first-generation TSH assays were useful only for the detection of hypothyroidism. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Study4
  • The present study observed significant reductions in serum levels of AST, ALT, HA, LN, PCIII and Hyp in APE‑treated (2.6 and 5.2 g/kg) rats, indicating the significant hepatoprotective effects of APE. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Study showed the flavone extracted from IB leaf could control blood sugar and modulate the metabolism of glucose and blood lipid, and decrease outputs of lipid peroxidation and scavenge the free radicals in non-insulin dependent diabetic rats. (2beingfit.com)
  • Serum samples were obtained at entry into the study and at the end of treatment. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
  • Serum for bile acid analysis was available at the baseline and at the end of the study (mean treatment duration DOK2 = 2.38 ± 0.56 years) for 56 of these patients. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
Levels3
  • This control is propagated through the alpha-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase where protein levels were previously shown to rise fivefold with increasing cell density. (embl.de)
  • In contrast, mRNA levels are now shown not to change by both Northern and RNAse protection assays. (embl.de)
  • BAY41-2272, an sGCstim significantly delayed bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis by decreasing skin thickness and lowering hydroxyproline levels [ 10 ]. (scientificarchives.com)
Pathway1
  • Furthermore, pathway analysis showed that YQRG treatment downregulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/AKT) signalling pathways and upregulated other signalling pathways, including those related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR) and AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK), with these findings subsequently verified experimentally. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions1
  • Conclusions We show that Dis3 is vital for right transcriptomic regulation all through Drosophila advancement. (pafrinhibitors.com)
Significant2
  • These studies demonstrated that the mdx 4Cv /NRG and Sgca/NRG mice showed significant deficits in muscle structure and function in all the assays and were similar to each other. (plos.org)
  • The information show that pretreatment with SB202190 had no significant impact on TGF b1 induced MMP 9 expression. (smadpathway.com)
Versus2
  • The baseline characteristics of this subset of patients versus the remaining patients (n = 94) are shown in Table 1. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
  • We performed centronucleation, Evans blue dye, hydroxyproline, and treadmill assays on the disease model mice versus NRG controls to evaluate muscle histology and function. (plos.org)
Protein1
  • Maternal sera were dialyzed in vitro across individual or combined fetal membranes to elucidate the functions of the membranes in protein transport. (researchgate.net)
Molecular1
  • However, SVCV and PFR can be distinguished by certain serological tests and molecular methods such as the ribonuclease protection assay. (musiceye11.com)
Samples3
  • Research by Dr. Douglas A. Granger and colleagues shows that outcomes for testosterone, DHEA, progesterone, and estradiol biomarkers are elevated when cotton-based collection materials are used as opposed to samples collected by other methods (i.e. passive drool). (wikipedia.org)
  • Plasma-EDTA and serum samples were taken after overnight fasting during the fifth week of feeding. (hindawi.com)
  • Plasma, serum, and fecal samples not immediately analyzed were frozen at −80°C. (hindawi.com)
Type1
  • 2021). Out of the 25 known glycosyltransferases (GTs) involved in the synthesis of type-II AGs, eight hydroxyproline-genes. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Specific1
  • To determine if ERK1 two phosphorylation was necessary to the induction of MMP 9 expression in response to TGF b1, activation of ERK1 two was assayed applying an antibody specific for the phosphorylated form of ERK1 2. (smadpathway.com)
Increase1
  • The median survival rate of IPF patients is 3 to 5 years from diagnosis and particularly, IPF-PH patients show a 3-fold increase in mortality as compared to IPF populations without PH [ 5 , 6 ]. (scientificarchives.com)
Ranges2
  • The reference ranges for C-terminal telopeptide electrochemiluminescence assays in blood are below. (medscape.com)
  • Alternatively, other tumor forms, such as breast tumors, current a great deal lower mutation frequency in these TGF b signaling effectors, but show a lot of altera tions inside their expression ranges. (smadpathway.com)
Formation1
Function1
  • With the use of sensitive second- and third-generation TSH assays, TSH measurement has emerged as the single most useful test of thyroid function. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Disease1
  • Macrophages have been shown to be important in all stages of inflammatory and fibrotic kidney disease [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Effect2
  • In addition, GFR moved the concentration-effect curve of CaCl2 down to the right, showing a similar effect to verapamil. (bvsalud.org)
  • To overcome this issue, we generated a quintuple mutants that showed a substantial effect on the reproductive ability along with the observation of aborted pollen exhibiting exine structural differences (Kaur et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Figure1
  • As shown in Figure 3A, pretreatment with U0126 significantly inhib ited TGF b1 induced MMP 9 expression in a concentra tion dependent manner. (smadpathway.com)