• Scholars@Duke publication: Human mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis: a quantitative assay for humoral and cellular chemotactic factors. (duke.edu)
  • The most important aspects in quality control of chemotaxis assays were described by H. Harris in the 1950s. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the chemotaxis migration assay, pretreatment with fluvastatin and simvastatin inhibited the migration of human CD4+ T cells towards CCL20. (nih.gov)
  • To assess the ability of arthritic joint homogenates to induce angiogenesis, an endothelial chemotaxis assay and an in vivo matrigel plug assay were employed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF) were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively. (bioprodhub.com)
  • Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate. (bioprodhub.com)
  • This study presents an in-silico model replicating a microfluidic assay where endothelial cells sprout into a biomimetic extracellular matrix, specifically, a large-pore, low-concentration fibrin-based porous hydrogel, influenced by chemotactic factors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that not only vascular endothelial cells growth factor (VEGF) enhances EC fate commitment, but also basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) further facilitates EC differentiation [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Soluble factors in conditioned media from E 2 treated breast cancer cells also lead to migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Signalling through NRP-1 accounted in part for the chemotactic activity for endothelial cells observed in arthritic paw homogenates. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The response was measured by assessing Cluster of differentiation 54 (CD54), Cluster of differentiation 62E (CD62E), Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) expression and von Willebrand factor (vWF) release, at 6 and 24 h after stimulation. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is the most important chemotactant protein contributing to the accumulation of mononuclear leucocytes after vessel injury ( 22 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Treatment of HCEpiC with 1 ng/ml IL-1β for 18 h significantly increased release of the cytokines/chemokines granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), while hyperosmolarity-induced release of IL-6 and MCP-1. (molvis.org)
  • This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
  • No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and analogues was observed. (uscnk.com)
  • Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of recombinant Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) in samples. (uscnk.com)
  • The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and their serial dilutions. (uscnk.com)
  • The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
  • Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
  • After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1), biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. (uscnk.com)
  • CXCL16/CXCR6 pathway-related protein expression, P2X7R protein expression and the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and CD68 were detected by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. (medsci.org)
  • Small amounts of allergen extract initiated formation of complement dependent factors which were chemotactic for human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemotactic effect of mixtures of antibody and antigen on polymorphonuclear leucocytes. (typeset.io)
  • Antibody-antigen mixtures when incubated (37°C) in medium containing fresh (i.e. non-inactivated) normal rabbit serum exert a strong chemotactic effect on rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocytes. (typeset.io)
  • We profiled the cellular constituents and concentrations of 40 cytokines, chemokines and cellular factors (collectively "soluble factors") involved in inflammatory and immune signalling pathways in pleural effusion samples from 50 mesothelioma patients. (iospress.com)
  • Typically tumor cells secrete a complex milieu of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, some of which are pro-tumorogenic [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. (iospress.com)
  • The composition of this fluid is very variable in terms of both the quantity and type of cells present, and the soluble factors and cytokines present. (iospress.com)
  • Background CXCL12a and CXCL12b, also known as Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1a and 1b (SDF-1a and SDF-1b), are small cytokines that belong to the intercrine family. (qedbio.com)
  • The reduction of the CD4 cell of T lymphocytes, which is responsible for the production of cytokines, chemotactic factors, macrophages, and other cells involved in the body's immunity, has been observed in this disease. (kmsciences.com)
  • Antigen binds to IgE that is bound to tissue mast cells and blood basophils, triggering release of preformed mediators (eg, histamine, proteases, chemotactic factors) and synthesis of other mediators (eg, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, cytokines). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Multiplexing assays provide more data from each sample of plasma, serum, or tissue culture supernatant than do ELISAs, a critical feature when sample size is limited. (cloud-clone.com)
  • These monocytes responded to all of the three stimuli used: human serum-derived C5a, human lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor, and a synthetic peptide. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Migration experiments were carried out in Boyden chambers with bacterial chemotactic factor as the attractant, and bactericidal assays were done with Staphylococcus aureus and serum from an AB blood group donor as a source of opsonins. (docksci.com)
  • Results are described which indicate that, when antibody-antigen complexes are incubated in fresh serum, a heat-stable substance (or substances) is produced which acts directly as a chemotactic stimulus on the polymorphs. (typeset.io)
  • This heat-stable chemotactic substance is not produced when antibody-antigen complexes are incubated in serum which has been heated at 56°C for 30 minutes. (typeset.io)
  • The question proposed in the chapter is whether the postulated recognition factors of the immune system are detectable in serum or are attached to certain cells as natural antibodies. (typeset.io)
  • Determination of MIF serum levels were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and MIF ELISA Kit. (hindawi.com)
  • The currently available serum tryptase assay (ImmunoCap Tryptase, Phadia Laboratory Systems, Uppsala, Sweden) uses quantitative fluorescence to determine serum tryptase levels. (medscape.com)
  • In a matrigel invasion assay, interferon-gamma, a specific inhibitor of eotaxin-related homing, significantly reduced the transmigration of PC-3 cells, under co-cultured condition with MSCs, in a dose-dependent manner (P (cancerindex.org)
  • The MCP-1 and vWF activity in cell supernatants was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Finally, MDI-GSH conjugate treated macrophages showed increased chemotactic ability to various immune cells, which may be attenuated by FK506.In conclusion, these results indicate that MDI exposure to macrophages/BALCs may recruit immune cells into the airway via induction of chemokines by miR-206-3p and miR-381-3p-mediated calcineurin signaling activation. (cdc.gov)
  • A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
  • CXCL12 is strongly chemotactic for T- lymphocytes and monocytes, and it plays an important role in angiogenesis by recruiting endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the bone marrow through a CXCR4 dependent mechanism. (qedbio.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that the arthritic synovium in murine CIA is a site of active angiogenesis, but an altered balance in the expression of angiogenic factors seems to favour the formation of non-functional and dilated capillaries. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An in vitro technique is described for assessing the chemotactic activity of soluble substances on motile cells. (typeset.io)
  • Standard curves or absolute RNA quantification were included in every assay and were generated by using RNA transcripts produced by in vitro transcription of cDNA that included the real time qPCR assay amplicons. (cdc.gov)
  • Effects of EGCG on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation were determined by cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting. (molvis.org)
  • AIDS can be investigated by the ELISA test (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). (kmsciences.com)
  • Thus, if cells were assayed for migration to one attractant, no additional migration occurred when the remaining cells were assayed for migration to a different attractant. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Chemotactic attractant was prepared from the bacteria-free supernatant of an 18-hour growth of Escherichia coli (hospital strain) in medium 199 (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan). (docksci.com)
  • Results for the two soluble factors most significantly and independently associated with survival were validated in an independent set of samples ( n = 51) using a separate assay system. (iospress.com)
  • This study demonstrates that pleural effusions rich in a range of soluble factors are associated with poor prognosis. (iospress.com)
  • The levels of several chemokines were significantly higher in intervillous compared to peripheral blood, including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CXCL10, and CCL25, whereas CCL21, CCL27 and CXCL12 were lower. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is this function of CXCL12 that makes it a very important factor in carcinogenesis and the neovascularisation linked to tumor progression. (qedbio.com)
  • Migration assays showed that MAIT cells and EM T cells migrated toward conditioned medium from placental explants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Blocking of MIF or a combination of MIF, CCL25, and CCL20 in migration assays inhibited MAIT cell migration toward placenta conditioned medium. (frontiersin.org)
  • The potential factors involved in the migration of maternal immune cells to the placenta is still unexplored. (frontiersin.org)
  • The average value from the control chambers representing random migration was subtracted from the stimulated value to give a final number expressed as the chemotactic migration value. (docksci.com)
  • Embryonic signals also alter the expression of a large number of transcription factors, growth factors and their receptors and integrins. (brjnmims.org)
  • Increased mRNA expression could be observed for VEGF receptors (Flt-1, Flk-1, Nrp-1, Nrp-2), as well as for midkine, hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 and angiopoietin-1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our results suggest that not all, but specific types of statins may be of benefit in alleviating psoriasis partially via interrupting CCL20/CCR6 chemotactic interaction, the mechanism which may eventually lessen the infiltration of Th17 cells. (nih.gov)
  • Mesodermal progenitor cells are further differentiated into ECs by utilizing a combination of human vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 8-Bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt monohydrate (8Bro) and melatonin (Mel) for 48 h. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previously we found that estrogen aided in this neovasculogenesis via recruitment of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs), leading to increased vessel formation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • 4. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is one of the most important transcription factors that respond to and exert dual effects on inflammatory responses. (planschwitzer-naturstein.de)
  • Sub-cellular components, such as the polarity patch generated by mating yeast, may also display chemotactic behavior. (wikipedia.org)
  • In fact, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most significant risk factors for TB infection. (medscape.com)
  • Masks are often characterized using filtration efficiency, airflow resistance, and manikin or human fit factors, which are standard metrics used for personal protective devices. (cdc.gov)
  • Filtration efficiencies for the cloth masks ranged from 1.4% to 98%, while the fit factors were 1.3 to 7.4 on headforms and 1.0 to 4.0 on human subjects. (cdc.gov)
  • Heterophilic antibodies, such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA), can bind to immune globulins of other species and thus interfere with the immunoassay since the tryptase immunoassay employs mouse-derived anti-tryptase. (medscape.com)
  • Discussion Proteomic determination of factors expressed by tumor cells and host stromal cells, either inherently or because of tumor additional info host interactions, has been shown to become helpful in elucidating molecular pathways of tumor development, invasion and metastasis. (mi-rna.com)
  • hiPSC-ECs are positive for CD31, VE-Cadherin, von Willebrand factor and CD34. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is also strongly suggested that the whole assay is performed by the same operator from the beginning to the end. (uscnk.com)
  • We first investigated the influence of microglia or ATP, a microglial chemotactic factor, on MBEC barrier integrity. (portlandpress.com)
  • In the 1960s and 1970s, the revolution of modern cell biology and biochemistry provided a series of novel techniques that became available to investigate the migratory responder cells and subcellular fractions responsible for chemotactic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell metabolic activity was measured using the alamarBlue assay. (molvis.org)
  • Production of LPC during cell apoptosis serves as a chemotactic signal for macrophage recruitment. (ashpublications.org)
  • Dysfunctional endothelium is a key factor in atherosclerosis that favors the increase of the expression of chemotactic and adhesion molecules (such as, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, ICAM1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, VCAM1, as well as E-selectin and P-selectin) and enhanced recruitment and accumulation of monocytes [ 6 , 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Using the murine mammary cell line TG1-1 we observed estrogen (E 2 ) lead to an up regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), an effect abrogated by the anti-estrogen Fulvestrant and the HIF-1 inhibitor YC-1 (3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole) suggesting the interchangeability of hypoxia and estrogen mediated effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2-4 The pathogenesis, factors, and cell types involved in this process are largely unknown. (bmj.com)
  • 5 Richter et al 6 reported elevated mast cell numbers in association with increased transforming growth factor-β immunoreactivity in radiation induced enteropathy in rats, which is characterised by intestinal wall fibrosis, serosal thickening, and chronic ulceration. (bmj.com)
  • However, liver cirrhosis and intestinal stricture formation are not common in mast cell disease, indicating that besides mast cells additional factors or specific stimulation of mast cells may be necessary to induce severe fibrosis. (bmj.com)
  • As such, determinations of tryptase levels are contingent on both the size and activation status of an individual's mast cell population but is not informative of the specific contribution of either of these factors. (medscape.com)
  • Effects of EGCG on nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcriptional activity were assessed by reporter gene assay. (molvis.org)
  • The physiopathological process of ACS is the atherosclerosis, the build-up of an atherosclerotic plaque starts at lesion-prone areas in large- and medium-sized arteries where the endothelium is dysfunctional, induced by cardiovascular risk factors like chronic smoking, hypertension, and permeation of macromolecules such as lipoproteins to the intima layer [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The availability of this technology led to the discovery of C5a, a major chemotactic factor involved in acute inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
  • This chapter reviews the subject of natural antibodies by analyzing the experimental data that demonstrate their existence and characteristics in both invertebrates and vertebrates and to what extent these data are compatible with the notion that some natural antibodies may represent the recognition factors of acquired immunity. (typeset.io)
  • The available data is not sufficient to allow an answer to this question, it nevertheless seems of interest to discuss to what extent these data are compatible with the notion that some natural antibodies may represent the recognition factors of acquired immunity. (typeset.io)
  • Cloud-Clone Multiplex assay kits enable fast and efficient profiling of multiple proteins in a single well using the Multiplex xMAP technology. (cloud-clone.com)
  • The functional maturation of dormant pro-proteins is catalyzed by the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin (PCSK) enzymes (PCSK1-2, FURIN, PCSK5-7, membrane-bound transcription factor site 1, PCSK9) [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Interestingly, estrogen is also capable of contributing to breast cancer progression by a novel role, via modulation of proteins involved in hypoxia signaling, namely hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A multivariate factor analysis indicated that high levels of MIF and CCL25 were associated with high proportions of MAIT cells in intervillous blood. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pro-adhesive and chemotactic activities of thrombospondin-1 for breast carcinoma cells are mediated by alpha3beta1 integrin and regulated by insulin-like growth factor-1 and CD98. (thermofisher.com)
  • Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying pioglitazone hydrochloride-mediated amelioration of renal IRI with respect to the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and inflammatory response using a rat model. (frontiersin.org)
  • Laser light is believed to influence the inflammatory process, a major factor during early events in the restenosis cascade ( 10 - 12 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Tuberculosis has been reported in patients treated for arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other conditions with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha blockers/antagonists. (medscape.com)
  • HIF-1 is also a heterodimeric transcription factor, consisting of the oxygen dependent alpha subunit and the constitutively expressed beta subunit. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We introduce a novel approach by incorporating the extracellular matrix and chemotactic factor effects into a unified term using a single parameter, primarily focusing on modelling sprouting dynamics and morphology. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a key molecule mediating necroptosis and regulated by transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), was reported to be associated with cognitive impairment in several neurodegenerative diseases. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Once formed, the complex translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor by binding to the estrogen response elements (EREs) at the promoters of estrogen responsive genes[ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Estrogen mediates its effects by binding to its cognate estrogen receptor(s), either estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), leading to ER dimerization and association with various co-factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All samples were run using the conditions indicated in TaqMan Gene Expression Assay protocol. (hindawi.com)
  • A second dose of DETA NO, administered after 4 hours, did not pro long the growth inhibition, suggesting that stress response factors and NO defence mecha nisms may have been activated by the first dose. (igf-1rinhibitors.com)
  • Environmental factors also contribute to the likelihood of acquiring the infection. (medscape.com)
  • Environmental factors, such as a fat-enriched diet and a sedentary lifestyle, are the causes of the great prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the population ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • It is considered as a major cause of acute renal failure and the main factor in early recovery of renal graft function and long-term survival post renal transplantation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The number of bacilli in the inoculum and the relative virulence of the organism are the major factors determining transmission of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • The pioneering works of J. Adler modernized Pfeffer's capillary assay and represented a significant turning point in understanding the whole process of intracellular signal transduction of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • An ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) for Assay reagent, Analysis equipment & CRO (Contract Research Organization) for Animal experiment. (cloud-clone.com)
  • Survival analysis revealed that IL8, IL2Ra (CD25) and PF4 were independent determinants of a more negative prognosis in mesothelioma patients, independent of other known prognostic factors. (iospress.com)