Artery onyx embolization. Medical search. Frequent questions

Embolic Agent Choice in Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization as Primary or Adjunct Treatment for Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (nih.gov)
Emergency Department Visits for Chronic Subdural Hematomas within 30 Days after Surgical Evacuation with and without Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization. (nih.gov)
Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Chronic Subdural Hematoma: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. (nih.gov)
The "Bright Falx" Sign-Midline Embolic Penetration Is Associated With Faster Resolution of Chronic Subdural Hematoma After Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization: A Case Series. (ucla.edu)

He has expertise in embolization of aneurysms and AVM's, carotid stenting/endarterectomy, and intra-arterial chemotherapy. (superdoctors.com)
With interest, we read the article of Lanzino et al 1 about the use of flow diverters for proximal internal carotid artery aneurysms in 21 patients. (ajnr.org)
11% (22 of 197) of aneurysms treated with a flow diverter, the parent artery became occluded. (ajnr.org)
Delayed Complications after Uneventful Coil Embolization of Unruptured Aneurysms : Case Report. (the-jcen.org)
Certain risk factors exist which may increase this likelihood including prior haemorrhage, feeding artery or intranidal aneurysms, restricted venous outflow and underlying respiratory or medical conditions. (drcurtis.com.au)
Arteries which feed the AVM over time can form aneurysms (weakness in arterial wall which leads to bulging) which can rupture as well. (neuroangio.org)
Low-grade arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) associated with multiple flow-related distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are rare occurrences. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Multiple DACA aneurysms are a case of both clinical and anatomical rarity and to avoid complications in the clinical course, one must be judicious about the time spent between symptom onset and embolization. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Flow-related aneurysms in the region of distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) are a rare occurrence, accounting for 9% of the total intracranial aneurysms with multiple aneurysms on the same vessel are rarer. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
10 ] We present an unusual case of a low-grade arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with three associated DACA aneurysms arising from a single feeder to an AVM from the left callosomarginal artery. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Head computed tomography angiogram at the time of presentation revealing a compact arteriovenous malformation in the left frontal lobe and three aneurysms in the distal anterior cerebral artery region. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
True visceral artery aneurysms are potentially complex to treat but with advances in technology and increasing interventional radiology expertise over the past decade are now increasingly the domain of the interventional radiologist. (springeropen.com)
Abdominal visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) are complex to manage but are increasingly the domain of the interventional radiologist. (springeropen.com)
Visceral artery aneurysms by definition generally involve a pathological dilatation of branches of the coeliac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, or renal arteries. (springeropen.com)
Rupture is seen more commonly in hepatic, pancreatic and SMA aneurysms than renal and splenic artery aneurysms (Rijn et al. (springeropen.com)
J Endovasc Ther 2007;14:176-183 Key words: abdominal aortic aneurysm, endovascular repair, stent-graft, type II endoleak, fibrin glue, sac embolization ¤ ¤ With an increasing demand for less invasive procedures, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) has emerged as a therapeutic alterna- tive to conventional surgery, leading to new complications and, consequently, to the de- velopment of specific techniques for their resolution. (slideshare.net)

In these cases, hypervascularized tumors are often fed by internal carotid artery branches, such as the OPH. (ajnr.org)
Combined preoperative onyx embolization and protective internal carotid artery covered stent placement for treatment of glomus vagale tumor: review of literature and illustrative case. (unm.edu)
Typically, the intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery are treated, and may include more than one occlusion. (nvqi-qod.org)

Embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with chronic subdural hematoma-a systematic review and meta-analysis. (nih.gov)
The purpose of this study was to clarify the criteria for initial treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) by com-paring the backgrounds and post-treatment courses of patients who underwent drainage or middle meningeal artery (MMA) emboliza-tion for CSDH. (go.jp)

Pure Acute Subdural Hematoma without Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Secondary to Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Rupture: A Case Report. (the-jcen.org)

In this case, IMA was used to access the aneurysmal sac and then embolise (retrograde approach) with coils and Onyx. (verjournal.com)
Nowadays, coils seem not to be the best material in long terms follow-up ( 10 ), and there's a shift to liquid embolic, especially NBC ( N -butyl cyanoacrylate) and EVOH-based liquids like Onyx (Onyx® LES, Covidien, Plymouth, MN, USA) that are the most used. (frontiersin.org)
Although literature lacks RCTs (randomized controlled trials) and there is no consensus about the best embolic agent, few comparative studies reported a reduction of reintervention with NBC ( 11 ) and Onyx ( 10 ) rather than coils alone. (frontiersin.org)
AP magnified view of T9 inter-costal angiogram post-embolization with osmotic agents alone and prior to finishing with a small amount of PVA and coils within the proximal intercostal artery. (nspc.com)
Endovascular procedures include embolization of AVM arterial feeders employing a variety of agents, including: Onyx, NBCA, PVA and coils. (nvqi-qod.org)

Unusual persistent primitive trigeminal artery with a superior duplicated basilar system. (unm.edu)

Preoperative embolization reduces intraoperative blood loss, shortens the length of surgery, and decreases surgical morbility and mortality. (ajnr.org)
This study assesses the safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization of meningiomas fed by the OPH by using Onyx liquid embolic agent. (ajnr.org)
Preoperative embolization of meningiomas can reduce surgical blood loss, shorten operation length, reduce the risk of damage to surrounding structures, and increase the likelihood of complete tumor resection. (ajnr.org)
2 - 5 , 12 - 15 In this situation, the benefits of preoperative embolization must be weighed against the risk of complications, as an inadvertent interruption of blood flow to the central retinal artery may lead to retinal ischemia and visual compromise. (ajnr.org)
The preoperative embolization of meningiomas supplied by the OPH requires superselective catheterization and the most distal placement of the microcatheter as possible, aiming to protect the central retinal artery of any reflux. (ajnr.org)
3 , 14 - 18 This article reports our experiences with the preoperative embolization of meningiomas fed by OPH branches by using Onyx (ev3, Irvine, California). (ajnr.org)
From February 2008 to January 2010, 5 patients with untreated intracranial meningiomas fed mainly by OPH branches underwent preoperative embolization with Onyx-18 at our institution. (ajnr.org)
There have been a few reports of preoperative feeder artery embolization, however this method is difficult and carries a risk of vascular damage or stroke. (wikipedia.org)

Persistent Aneurysm Growth Following Pipeline Embolization Device Assisted Coiling of a Fusiform Vertebral Artery Aneurysm: A Word of Caution! (neurointervention.org)

Patients with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) typically present with acute, unilateral, painless, partial visual loss. (medscape.com)
A branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) occurs when one of these branches of the arterial supply to the retina becomes occluded. (medscape.com)
Color fundus photo of right eye with inferior branch retinal artery occlusion from a platelet-fibrin embolus. (medscape.com)

2 , 11 , 12 The blood supply of meningiomas usually arises from branches of the external carotid artery, except in cases of anterior and middle skull base tumors. (ajnr.org)
They usually are associated with mural thrombus in the carotid artery or cardiac valvular structures. (medscape.com)
They are associated with calcified cardiac valves and atheromatous plaques of the carotid artery. (medscape.com)
Auscultation of the heart and carotid arteries and comparison of ophthalmodynamometry may help identify the source of emboli. (medscape.com)
[ 24 ] These types of emboli can be iatrogenically displaced during cardiac angiography, catheterization procedures, or any interventional embolization of any branch of the carotid artery. (medscape.com)
The accessory meningeal artery (AMA) demonstrates various potential anastomoses with the external (ECA) and internal (ICA) carotid arteries. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
AIS intervention involves endovascular thrombolysis or mechanical embolectomy performed for acute cervical or intracranial occlusion of the carotid artery (above C1) and its branches or the vertebrobasilar system and its branches. (nvqi-qod.org)
the angioplasty or stenting should be separately entered on the carotid artery stent procedure module. (nvqi-qod.org)

Transvenous embolization with Onyx for a cerebral arteriovenous fistula originating from the distal lenticulostriate artery. (bvsalud.org)
We treated the fistula with Onyx through transvenous approach by the balloon-assisted method . (bvsalud.org)
Dural AV fistula causing behavioural problems treated by Onyx embolization. (eternalhospital.com)
When a fistula develops between any artery supplying the spinal cord and a spinal cord vein, it is called an intradural (pial) fistula. (neuroangio.org)
It is not a spinal dural fistula, because dural fistulas form in the dura (usually in the nerve root sleeve, although Spetzler insisted on a subarachnoid location just within the nerve root sleeve) and DO NOT involve arteries that supply the spinal cord. (neuroangio.org)
The dural fistula becomes symptomatic as a result of spinal venous congestion, and not because the fistula directly involves a spinal cord artery. (neuroangio.org)
A diagram of a simple spinal fistula between the anterior spinal artery and adjacent surface spinal veins is shown below. (neuroangio.org)
The difference is that a radiculopial artery was also recruited into supplying the arterial side of the fistula. (neuroangio.org)
Again, though having multiple feeding arteries, the fistula itself is a "single hole", as most of them are, despite what they might appear. (neuroangio.org)

Purpose: Onyx embolization is one of the standard treatments for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and is a promising method for spinal AVMs as well. (korea.ac.kr)

Complex techniques such as stent-assisted coiling and balloon-remodeling techniques are useful techniques and require advanced embolisation skills and are further described. (springeropen.com)

Here, we report an incidental anterior spinal artery (ASA) occlusion due to Onyx reflux during embolization of a spinal type II AVM. (korea.ac.kr)

The use of this product carries the same risks associated with coronary artery stent implantation procedures, which include subacute and late vessel thrombosis, vascular complications, and bleeding events. (medtronic.com)
The use of a drug-eluting stent (DES) outside of the labeled indications, including use in patients with more tortuous anatomy, may have an increased risk of adverse events, including stent thrombosis, stent embolization, myocardial infarction (MI), or death. (medtronic.com)
One patient developed a major stroke from venous sinus thrombosis after embolization. (bmj.com)
The pathogenesis of sDAVFs is yet to be fully elucidated, conversely to their intracranial counterparts, in which dural venous thrombosis and neoangiogenesis contribute to the abnormal recanalization of the primitive direct connections between the arteries and veins around the major dural venous sinuses. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Eleven patients underwent post-embolization surgery for closure of their DAVF. (bmj.com)
Four patients underwent post-embolization surgical obliteration of their lesions. (bmj.com)

All patients underwent a contrast-enhanced CT scan after embolization and were followed-up clinically after the surgical treatment. (ajnr.org)
We performed a retrospective investigation of 23 and 21 patients who underwent drainage and MMA embolization, respec-tive-ly, performed between April 2020 and July 2022 as initial treatment for unilateral CSDH. (go.jp)
Patients embolized with ONYX underwent surgery less frequently compared with those treated with n-BCA (p=0.0015). (bmj.com)
As the patient awaited digital subtraction angiography, his Glasgow Coma Scale dropped and he underwent emergency embolization with Onyx. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy from April 2019 to March 2021 for anterior circulation proximal large artery occlusion in our institute were divided into two groups of pre- and post-COVID-19, with April 2020 assumed to be the start of the COVID-19 era with the first declaration of a state of emergency. (go.jp)

The central retinal artery, a branch of the ophthalmic artery, enters the eye through the optic disc and divides into multiple branches to perfuse the inner layers of the retina. (medscape.com)

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Trufill n-BCA) versus ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (ONYX) for the embolization of cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF). (bmj.com)
Endovascular embolization is an effective treatment option for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). (springer.com)
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are a heterogeneous group of predominantly acquired pathologic vascular malformations that are defined by an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Liquid embolic agent reflux into the OPH could lead to inadvertent occlusion of the central retinal artery. (ajnr.org)
This endovascular approach with Onyx was proposed as an alternative strategy for a more controlled embolization, aiming to reduce the risks of visual impairment caused by central retinal artery occlusion. (ajnr.org)
Funduscopic examination shows retinal whitening along the distribution of the affected artery. (medscape.com)
Narrowed branch retinal artery, boxcarring, segmentation of the blood columns, cotton-wool spots, and emboli are other possible findings. (medscape.com)
Retinal whitening surrounding the occluded artery is noted. (medscape.com)
One study found that acute coronary syndrome occurred 1.72 times more often in patients with retinal artery occlusion than in controls. (medscape.com)
[ 16 ] Over a similar period, another study showed a 20% incidence of stroke in patients with retinal artery occlusion. (medscape.com)
From an ocular standpoint, and in the absence of subsequent retinal artery occlusions, vision usually stabilizes soon after the ischemic event. (medscape.com)

Our series aims to describe our preliminary experience and to review the existing literature about translumbar embolization of persistent T2E with a novel iodized liquid Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) polymer agent (EASYX, Qmedics AG, Flurlingen, Switzerland). (frontiersin.org)

Özgün Sensebat replied to your comment on presentation Endovascular treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease . (vascupedia.com)
Özgün Sensebat commented on presentation Endovascular treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease . (vascupedia.com)
I recommend endovascular therapy for subclavian artery diseases. (vascupedia.com)

Approximately 15% of these lesions derive their vascular supply from the internal iliac arteries, and 5-15% from the intercostal arteries. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
This was followed by proximal occlusion with PVA and coil occlusion of the intercostal arteries adjacent to the take-off from the aorta which led to total obliteration of the tumor (Figure 5). (nspc.com)

Conclusion Initial angiographic occlusion (p=0.0004) and durable angiographic occlusion (p=0.0018) rates for embolization of cranial DAVF show a statistically significant higher efficacy with ONYX compared with n-BCA. (bmj.com)

2 Potential risk factors such as persistent type 2 endoleaks, large inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), and the use of antiplatelet drugs have been related to sac growth in that setting. (verjournal.com)
The expansion rate was about 1 mm within 6 months, so inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) embolisation was performed over an 0.014-inch wire through a retrograde approach via the Riolan arch. (verjournal.com)
T2E is defined as retrograde filling of the aneurysm sac through patent aortic branch vessels, mostly lumbar or inferior mesenteric arteries. (frontiersin.org)

13 , 14 The risk of recurrence with conventional parent artery sparing techniques can never be an argument to proceed with dangerous flow-diverter treatment. (ajnr.org)
Moreover, a more recent study demonstrated no improvement in treating T2E with Onyx in case of recurrence after first embolization ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)

The first broadly used copolymer-based embolic agent Onyx benefits from a large amount of available experience and data, which demonstrated its safety and efficacy in the treatment of cerebral vascular malformations, while its drawbacks include temporary loss of visibility during longer injections and artifacts in cross-sectional imaging. (springer.com)

The principle of endovascular embolization is occlusion of the pathological blood vessels of the underlying vascular malformation using a microcatheter, which is selectively positioned within or proximal to the pathology, by injection of an occlusive substance into these vessels. (springer.com)

However, his latest CTA showed sac re-expansion, along with a type 2 endoleak from a lumbar artery and IMA in delayed-phase images. (verjournal.com)
Technical success was defined as the embolization of the endoleak nidus with reduction or elimination of the T2E on sequent CTA evaluation. (frontiersin.org)

Different strategies are divided into parent artery preservation and parent artery sacrifice techniques. (springeropen.com)

The site of obstruction most often is at the bifurcation of the arteries where emboli are most likely to become lodged. (medscape.com)
In addition, the Onyx Frontier™ zotarolimus-eluting coronary stent system is indicated for treating de novo chronic total occlusions and non-left main bifurcation lesions utilizing the provisional bifurcation stenting technique. (medtronic.com)
BRAO is most likely to occur at the bifurcation of an artery because bifurcation sites are associated with a narrowed lumen. (medscape.com)

However, due to the small vasculature of the spine compared to the brain, the nidus is rapidly packed with a small amount of Onyx, which allows Onyx reflux to unexpected vessels. (korea.ac.kr)
What's important to realize is that brain AVMs are an abnormal tangle of small vessels (called nidus) which directly connect brain arteries to brain veins, without any capillaries in-between (as should be normally the case). (neuroangio.org)
This results in a kind of short circuit, whereby blood goes directly from arteries, through the nidus, and into the veins, bypassing brain tissue. (neuroangio.org)
It is not a cancer and cannot spread, but it does grow - both the nidus and its feeding arteries get larger while the body grows, and continue to change throughout one's lifetime. (neuroangio.org)
Again, what all of these fistulas have in common is 1) supply by artery or arteries of the spinal cord and 2) lack of nidus. (neuroangio.org)

Both cases were successfully treated with retrograde use of Onyx and ostial embolisation. (verjournal.com)

LEAs that are available for the embolization of cerebral vascular malformations can basically be divided into two groups: cyanoacrylates or adhesive embolic agents, which have a glue-like behavior (colloquially they are often named glue) and copolymers or nonadhesive embolic agents, which are described to feature lava-like or rubber-like characteristics. (springer.com)
Cerebral angiogram is a procedure where a small but long catheter is put into large artery in the leg and under x-rays navigated into several neck arteries that supply blood to the brain. (neuroangio.org)

Its advantages have been emphasized, and few complications have been reported with Onyx embolization in spinal AVMs. (korea.ac.kr)
Conclusions: Onyx is an effective treatment choice for spinal AVMs. (korea.ac.kr)
Extreme caution is required and dual-lumen balloon catheter could be considered for Onyx embolization in spinal AVMs treatment. (korea.ac.kr)
A variety of liquid embolic agents have been and are currently used for embolization of AVMs and DAVFs. (springer.com)
For AVMs, endovascular embolization can be performed either alone or in combination with microsurgical resection and radiosurgery. (springer.com)

With the presumed diagnosis of metastases from renal cell CA (Figure 2) to the T9 epidural region, the hypervascular tumor was expected to be located where the anterior spinal artery is often seen. (nspc.com)
The main goal of the embolization was to devascularize the tumor to make the surgery safer by reducing intra-operative blood loss. (nspc.com)
Feng L Kienitz BA, Matsumoto C, Bruce J, Sisti M, Duong H, Pile-Spellman J. Feasibility of using hyperosmolar mannitol as a liquid tumor embolization agent. (nspc.com)

The Onyx Frontier™ zotarolimus-eluting coronary stent system is indicated for improving coronary luminal diameters in patients, including those with diabetes mellitus or high bleeding risk, with symptomatic ischemic heart disease due to de novo lesions of length ≤ 35 mm in native coronary arteries with reference vessel diameters of 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm. (medtronic.com)
These 53 patients had 56 lesions treated with arterial embolization. (bmj.com)
Thirty-five lesions were treated with ONYX in 34 patients. (bmj.com)
1 Arterial supply to these lesions is usually via dural and falcine arteries arising from the anterior or posterior circulation, with less common contribution from parenchymal arteries. (bmj.com)

Results: Onyx embolization was performed gradually from the VA to the deep cervical artery and an unexpected Onyx reflux to the ASA was observed during the latter stage deep cervical artery embolization. (korea.ac.kr)
Kim, J, Lee, JB, Cho, TH & Hur, JW 2016, ' Incidental occlusion of anterior spinal artery due to Onyx reflux in embolization of spinal type II arteriovenous malformation ', European Spine Journal , pp. 1-5. (korea.ac.kr)

The bihemispheric posterior interior cerebellar artery: anatomic variations and clinical relevance in 11 cases. (unm.edu)
More complex fistulas can have both anterior spinal and posterior spinal artery supply, such as this diagram below. (neuroangio.org)

Acute Rupture of Dissecting Aneurysm of Vertebral Artery treated with Flow Diverter. (eternalhospital.com)

Vascupedia commented on presentation Postradiogenic occlusion of the infrarenal aorta and the iliac arteries . (vascupedia.com)
there was one failure to access the excluded aneurysm sac due to severe iliac artery calcification. (slideshare.net)

Magnetic resonance imaging and spinal angiogram revealed a spinal type II AVM with two feeders including the right vertebral artery (VA) and the right deep cervical artery. (korea.ac.kr)

The aim of embolisation therapy is the prevention of rupture. (springeropen.com)

There was no significant difference between the drainage and embolization groups in terms of age (78 vs 76 years), gender, lateral-ity of lesion, maximum diameter of hematoma (21 vs 19 mm), pretreatment Markwalder grading system (MGS) score (1 vs 1), or length of hospital stay (5 vs 17 days) between the groups. (go.jp)
Pretreatment midline shift was greater in the drainage group than the MMA embolization group (8.8 vs 6.6 mm). (go.jp)

11% of cases with flow diverters, after filling the aneurysm with Onyx (ev3, Irvine, California), or after surgical bypass procedures. (ajnr.org)
Conclusion: This clot engineering approach to aneurysm sac embolization at the time of endografting appears to be safe and may spare the patient a repeated catheter-based intervention or surgical procedure. (slideshare.net)

Standard endovascular treatment options include stent-graft placement and trans-arterial embolisation. (springeropen.com)

Embolization of head and neck hypervascular tumors is a well-established therapeutic technique. (ajnr.org)
Additionally, a complete devascularization with routine embolization agents is often difficult in hypervascular tumors due to incomplete penetration. (nspc.com)

After one or more embolization sessions, subsequent microsurgical resection or radiosurgery can be performed. (springer.com)

In our initial experience, Easyx showed to have all the efficacy requisites to be an embolization agent for type II EL management. (frontiersin.org)

Endovascular Osmotic Embolization With routine embolizing agents, such as PVA or Embospheres™, as well as liquid agents, such as Onyx™ and Truefill™, immediate postembolization cytotoxic and vasogenic edema or hemorrhage occur frequently and can cause spinal cord damage. (nspc.com)
Additionally, inadvertent embolization of adjacent feeding collaterals to the spinal cord with particles or solidifying liquid agents is problematic. (nspc.com)

Onyx injection was adopted as the single endovascular treatment technique for all cases. (ajnr.org)
Treatment options typically include arterial and/or venous embolization followed by surgery or radiosurgery as needed. (bmj.com)
This provides specialists in AVM treatment with all kinds of important information about how blood flows through the AVM, which arteries feed it, which veins drain it, and what kinds of effects the AVM has on the brain. (neuroangio.org)

Purpose: To report a prospective, nonrandomized pilot study to determine whether fibrin glue aneurysm sac embolization at the time of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a safe and effective procedure to primarily prevent type II endoleaks. (slideshare.net)

2012 ). A true aneurysm is a localized dilatation of the artery by more than 1.5 times the expected arterial diameter with involvement of all three layers of the arterial wall. (springeropen.com)

Anatomy28

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Health Care3

Middle Meningeal Artery Em4

Aneurysms16

Internal caroti3

Chronic Subdural Hematoma2

Subdural Hematoma1

Coils5

Trigeminal artery1

Preoperative8

Pipeline Embolization Device1

Branch retinal artery occlusion3

Carotid8

Fistula9

Brain arteriovenous malformations1

COiling1

Occlusion due1

Thrombosis4

Post-embolization2

Underwent5

Ophthalmic artery1

Dural arteriovenous fistulas3

Retinal8

Polyvinyl alcohol1

Subclavian artery3

Intercostal arteries2

Cranial1

Inferior3

Recurrence2

Embolic agent1

Proximal1

Endoleak2

Parent artery1

Bifurcation3

Nidus5

Ostial1

Cerebral2

AVMs5

Tumor3

Lesions4

Reflux2

Posterior2

Acute1

Iliac2

Vertebral1

Rupture1

Drainage2

Surgical2

Stent-graft1

Hypervascular tumors2

Resection1

Efficacy1

Spinal cord2

Treatment3

Endovascular aneury1

Dilatation1