AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesHealth Care
Partial PressureCarbon DioxideCapnographyBlood Gas AnalysisOxygenHypercapniaPulmonary Gas ExchangeBlood Gas Monitoring, TranscutaneousRespiratory InsufficiencyLung Diseases, ObstructiveCarbonHypocapniaTidal VolumeHyperventilationPressureRespirationRespiration, ArtificialBlood PressureIntermittent Positive-Pressure VentilationHypoventilationCerebrovascular CirculationRespiratory MechanicsPositive-Pressure RespirationAcidosis, RespiratoryRespiratory Function TestsPulmonary Heart DiseaseOxygen ConsumptionPulmonary VentilationHemodynamicsIntubation, IntratrachealArteriesRespiratory MusclesAnesthesia, GeneralCarbon MonoxideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNitrogen DioxideInsufflationLungBlood Flow VelocityProspective StudiesVital CapacityAtmosphereForced Expiratory VolumeAtmospheric PressureAnesthesia, InhalationSulfur DioxideHydrostatic Pressure
PaCOPCO2PaCO2MonoxideMmHgHypercapniaVentilationCarotid bodyPeripheralLactateHaemodynamicsSystolicDyspneaMeasurementsAcidosisSaturationRespiratory rateSystemicLevelsAnesthesiaAirwayOxygen contentGasesTidal volumeAcuteCirculationDecreasesInvasiveAbnormalInhalationOccursClinicalDiagnosisNormalLevelAtmosphere
PaCO2
PCO23
PaCO21
  • Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2), oxygenation index (OI), lactic acid level (Lac) in arterial blood, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) will be compared before anesthesia (T0), before dura opening (T1), after dura closing (T2) and 24 h after surgery (T3). (researchsquare.com)
Monoxide3
  • total lung capacity 88%±17, forced vital capacity (FVC) 88%±18, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) 80%±21 (% predicted), FEV 1 /FVC 69%±13, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity of the lung 37%±16 (% predicted), carbon monoxide transfer coefficient 46%±19. (ersjournals.com)
  • Carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, methylene chloride, nitrogen dioxide, and tetrachloroethylene were chosen as the subject for this interaction profile based on the likelihood of co-exposure to these chemicals in the home. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients underwent the following evaluations: GH and IGF-1 serum levels, arterial blood gas test, spirometry, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), home-based cardiorespiratory sleep and pulmonary function test. (scirp.org)
MmHg7
  • COPD patients with daytime arterial oxygen partial pressure in the range 56-69 mmHg were included prospectively. (ersjournals.com)
  • At baseline ( t 0 ), patients with sleep-related desaturation had a significantly higher daytime (mean±sd) arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure ( P a,CO 2 ) (44.9±4.9 mmHg versus 41.0±4.1 mmHg, p=0.001) whereas mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was similar in the two groups. (ersjournals.com)
  • First-line drugs such as labetalol, nifedipine, or methyldopa should be taken via the oral route if blood pressure is ≥ 150/90 mmHg. (clinicaltdd.com)
  • If the blood pressure of patients with acute hypertension is ≥ 160/110 mmHg, maternal stroke or eclampsia can result. (clinicaltdd.com)
  • Initially, his blood pressure was as high as 192/92 mmHg, but other signs, including body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate, were within the normal range. (j-epilepsy.org)
  • Laboratory findings confirmed mild hypercapnia (partial pressure of CO 2 [pCO 2 ], 51.3 mmHg) and hypoxemia (partial pressure of O 2 [pO 2 ], 55.7 mmHg), and chest radiography revealed no active lung lesion. (j-epilepsy.org)
  • After reducing the amount of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine on hospital day 4, hypercapnia and hypoxemia improved in the follow-up arterial blood gas profile (pCO 2 , 44.0 mmHg and pO 2 , 79.3 mmHg, respectively) on using the mechanical ventilator in the continuous positive airway pressure mode. (j-epilepsy.org)
Hypercapnia4
  • The original and most popular method for measuring M uses hypercapnia (an increase in arterial CO 2 ), making the assumption that it does not affect CMRO 2 . (frontiersin.org)
  • The original and most popular method for calculating M uses hypercapnia (an increase in arterial CO 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Hypercapnia is characterized by an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. (petmd.com)
  • The carotid bodies contain chemoreceptor cells that respond to hypoxia and hypercapnia/acidosis of the arterial blood. (nih.gov)
Ventilation5
  • Severe cases may require mechanical ventilation with PEEP or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), administered by a tightly fitting face mask or, when necessary, endotracheal (ET) intubation. (health-care-clinic.org)
  • Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation is indicated in patients with worsening acidosis or hypoxemia. (aafp.org)
  • Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improves respiratory acidosis and decreases respiratory rate, breathlessness, need for intubation, mortality, and length of hospital stay. (aafp.org)
  • Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is an essential investigation for assessment of ventilation, oxygenation and acid-base status in critically ill patients. (vjim.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: Nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) and synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (sNIPPV) were the new modes of noninvasive ventilation. (bvsalud.org)
Carotid body1
  • Aortic bodies are more sensitive detectors of total arterial blood oxygen content than the carotid body chemoreceptors, which are more sensitive detectors of the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood. (wikipedia.org)
Peripheral3
  • The present study was undertaken to find out the correlation between arterial and peripheral venous blood gas (VBG) values for PO 2 (Partial pressure of oxygen), PCO 2 (Partial pressure of carbon dioxide), pH (Potential of hydrogen) and HCO 3 (bicarbonates). (vjim.org)
  • The mean of pH, pCO 2 , HCO 3 , and PO 2 , values in arterial and venous samples was determined, along with peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) of patients. (vjim.org)
  • Peripheral O 2 saturation (SpO 2 ) correlates well with arterial O 2 saturation, however, does not correlate with venous O 2 saturation. (vjim.org)
Lactate2
  • Each patient's hemodynamic parameters and laboratory values (arterial blood gas and lactate levels) were measured together with their consumption of crystalloids, volatile anesthetics, and analgesics. (dovepress.com)
  • The changes in serum cytokine and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were assessed and arterial blood gas analysis was performed. (medsci.org)
Haemodynamics2
  • The aim of the present study was to compare the evolution of pulmonary haemodynamics and of arterial blood gases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with mild-to-moderate hypoxaemia, with or without sleep-related oxygen desaturation. (ersjournals.com)
  • We hypothesized that cerebral haemodynamics and carbon dioxide reactivity would be impaired in patients with sepsis syndrome and pathological electroencephalogram patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
Systolic1
  • Exercise will be performed at a constant work rate of 70-85% of the predicted peak work rate until the "stopping time" is reached, defined by exhaustion, profound desaturation, or safety concerns (drop in systolic blood pressure or life-threatening arrhythmia). (biomedcentral.com)
Dyspnea1
  • The association showed a significant correlation for few prevalent indicators: dyspnea, decrease in partial pressure of oxygen/hypoxemia, increase in accessory muscle use, abnormal breathing pattern, tachypnea, bradypnea, a decrease in carbon dioxide and, arterial blood gases. (bvsalud.org)
Measurements3
  • Moreover, Hopkins highlighted the lack of arterial pH, oxygen partial pressure, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide measurements reported, as well as the missing information on cardiac output. (medpagetoday.com)
  • After approval of the institutional ethics committee, 10 mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis syndrome and pathological electroencephalogram patterns underwent measurements of cerebral blood flow and jugular venous oxygen saturation before and after reduction of the arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure by 0.93 ± 0.7 kPa iu by ypervent ilation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cerebral capillary closing pressure was determined from transcranial Doppler measurements of the arterial blood flow of the middle cerebral artery and the arterial pressure curve. (biomedcentral.com)
Acidosis1
  • Hyperventilation occurs when there are low carbon dioxide levels resulting from excessive elimination through rapid, deep breathing or metabolic acidosis. (medtronic.com)
Saturation2
  • These can be determined non-invasively by plotting arterial oxygen saturation (Sp o 2 ) against inspired oxygen pressure (PI o 2 ). (bmj.com)
  • The authors have hypothesized that this exercise desaturation is the result of increased shunt physiology, worsening diffusion due to increased pulmonary blood flow with reduced capillary transit time (a physiologic phenomenon called the "diffusion-perfusion defect"), and a reduced mixed venous oxygen content, the impact of which on arterial oxygen saturation is magnified by the former two effects [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory rate2
  • The patient was ventilated using an Aisys CS² Anesthesia Delivery System (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL) with volume control mode settings of 450 milliliter of tidal volume, positive end expiratory pressure of 5 centimeters of water (cm H2O), respiratory rate of 12, and an inspiratory to expiratory ratio of 1:2 with pressure limit set to 40 cm H2O. (apsf.org)
  • The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO 2 ), partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ), respiratory rate, and length of ICU stay were recorded. (springeropen.com)
Systemic1
Levels4
  • It may also be related to lung disease or to environmental conditions that result in increased levels of carbon dioxide in the breathable air. (petmd.com)
  • Wang and colleagues reported that metanephrine and normetanephrine levels were increased among the masked cohort, suggesting elevated epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion that would have "elicited a compensatory increase in heart rate and blood pressure. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The neural response to the arterial O(2) and CO(2) levels is assumed to be mediated via the controller's intracellular O(2) partial pressure and pH. (nih.gov)
  • this was followed by a progressive elevation of blood pressure, gross hematuria, and decreased urine levels 2 weeks later. (frontiersin.org)
Anesthesia2
  • It may also occur spontaneously in patients during inhalation of anesthesia or due to increased inhaled carbon dioxide, such as what occurs from rebreathing gases that had been exhaled. (petmd.com)
  • The most common cause, however, is due to an exhausted carbon dioxide absorbent in the anesthesia machine is the most common cause. (petmd.com)
Airway2
  • After 120 minutes following surgical start, the patient developed an acute sustained elevation in peak airway pressure (PIP) from 33 cm H20 to 62 cm H20. (apsf.org)
  • During ventilator care, we measured his airway occlusion pressure during the first 100 ms (P 0.1 ) as a parameter of the level of ventilatory support. (j-epilepsy.org)
Oxygen content1
Gases2
Tidal volume2
  • In the C group, tidal volume (VT) will be set at 8 ml/kg of predicted body weight, but positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers will not be used. (researchsquare.com)
  • Post arrest respiratory compliance remained poor necessitating an increase in the pressure limit to allow for PIP persistently greater than 40 cm H20, despite reduction in tidal volume to 4 milliliter per kilogram, muscle relaxation, and prolongation of inspiratory time. (apsf.org)
Acute3
  • An acute increase in intrathoracic pressure can produce increased vagal activity which in turn results in decreased conductance through the AV node. (apsf.org)
  • 1,2 This process is similar physiologically to the use of a Valsalva maneuver to terminate supraventricular tachycardia.² The postulated mechanism in this patient is the generation of vagally mediated bradycardia precipitated by the acute increase in intrathoracic pressure causing progression of this patient's bifascicular block to a third-degree AV block. (apsf.org)
  • Although it is plausible that air trapping secondary to acute expiratory flow obstruction was causative, the absence of an inspiratory pause to confirm the presence of elevated intrathoracic pressure precludes diagnostic certainty. (apsf.org)
Circulation1
  • In contrast to adult primary pulmonary hypertension, the newborn syndrome is not defined by a specific pressure of the pulmonary circulation. (medscape.com)
Decreases1
  • Reducing blood flow increases neural stimulus but decreases sensitivity to changes in the partial pressures of arterial O(2) and CO(2). (nih.gov)
Invasive1
  • Arterial puncture to obtain arterial blood is more invasive procedure than venous and has more potential complications. (vjim.org)
Abnormal1
  • However, an excess of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream can lead to an abnormal condition, causing symptoms ranging from dizziness to convulsions. (petmd.com)
Inhalation1
  • Other pressure respirators because inhalation against the resistance comparable regulatory design requirements exist elsewhere of the filter media creates pressure within the FFR deadspace (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Occurs1
Clinical1
  • The current study provides a detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics of a homogenous group of 61 patients with computer tomography (CT)-defined CPFE, thus leading to the individualisation of a characteristic entity, and further shows that the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) at diagnosis is a critical determinant of prognosis in these patients. (ersjournals.com)
Diagnosis1
  • The diagnosis is confirmed regardless of the pulmonary arterial pressure, as long as it is accompanied by a right-to-left shunt and absence of congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
Normal3
Level1
  • During bradypnea or hypercarbia, there is the presence of an abnormally high carbon dioxide level in the circulating blood. (medtronic.com)
Atmosphere2