Aromatic indoles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Indoles also present in naturally occurring compounds like dimethyltryptamine (hallucinogen), tryptophan (amino acid) and melatonin [ 16 ] (antioxidant as free radical scavenger). (ijpsonline.com)
Until they are fixed, the leaves continue to wither, producing yet more aromatic compounds. (harney.com)
NIOSH's response focused primarily on industrial hygiene assessment of potential occupational exposures [benzene and other volatile organic compounds, oil mist, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNA's), diesel fumes, and noise] during typical tasks performed by the majority of the 11,000 workers involved in the 1989 cleanup activities. (cdc.gov)
A high efficiency aromatic compounds production capability was detected in JM101 carrying pJLB aroG fbr tktA , when growing on glycerol, as compared to glucose. (biomedcentral.com)
The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton. (planteome.org)
The salicylate 1,2-dioxygenase from the bacterium Pseudaminobacter salicylatoxidans DSM 6986T (PsSDO) is a versatile metalloenzyme that participates in the aerobic biodegradation of aromatic compounds, such as gentisates and salicylates. (bvsalud.org)
Among the various drugs, we use today are the aromatic compounds of the benzene ring. (iemlabs.com)
Indole belongs to that class of chemical compounds with a benzene ring and fused pyrrole ring. (iemlabs.com)

The key transformations involved addition of a trimethylsilylnitro benzene to an aromatic aldehyde which afforded the key nitroalcohol intermediate. (chimia.ch)
Synthesis of only benzene ring functionalized indoles and poly-substituted carbazoles is reported via a one-pot triple cascade benzannulation protocol. (rsc.org)
The initial reactions involved in the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, naphthaelene, toluene, xylene, biphenyl, benzopyrene and benzoanthracene are discussed. (iisc.ernet.in)

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAA) are an important class of carcinogens formed during combustion of cigarettes and cooking meats at high temperature (Turesky, R.J., Zhang, L., et al. (cdc.gov)
Heterocyclic aromatic amines in urine are measured by an isotope-dilution high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ID HPLC-ESI MS/MS). For "total" HCAA assays, the urine samples are fortified with internal standards (ISTD), and hydrolyzed in basic condition at 70°C for 5 hours. (cdc.gov)
Heterocyclic aromatic amines were measured in a special smoking subsample of persons 18 years and older. (cdc.gov)
I3C reduces the ability of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines (HAAs) to affect the body's endogenous Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). (cenegenicslife.com)

The study of nitrenes was a long-running theme of Charles Rees's research, including a practical synthesis of indole-2-carboxylic acids by intramolecular insertion. (chemistryworld.com)

Various 2-phenyl-1H-indoles and benzimidazole derivatives have been tested for total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybednum reduction method and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazide free radical scavenging activity. (ijpsonline.com)
The present study was focused on evaluating substituted indole and benzimidazole derivatives ( Table 1 ) for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity. (ijpsonline.com)
Indole derivatives have contributed to drug-making for various neural diseases. (iemlabs.com)
3. Furthermore, the indole derivatives group has shown many biological activities. (iemlabs.com)
4. Indole based drugs have found to be in active role in huge range of pharmocological sports like antimicrobial, impflamatory along with CNS related activities.For instance, several indole derivatives have proven potent anticancer drug. (iemlabs.com)
It is to triumph over the negative aqueous solubility of indole derivatives. (iemlabs.com)
At the same time, Indole derivatives have given brilliant performance in healing ability for various diseases. (iemlabs.com)

Here, we show an electrochemical dehydrogenative method in which ammonia is inserted directly into alkenes to build aromatic N -heterocycles in a single step without the use of any external oxidant. (nature.com)
The classic syntheses of aromatic N -heterocycles are frequently conducted with condensation reactions using pre-oxidized materials. (nature.com)
Despite these achievements, electricity has not fulfilled the task of sewing NH 3 and alkene to aromatic N -heterocycles. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Comparison of protocols to construct aromatic N -heterocycles from alkenes. (nature.com)
In this work, we report the insertion of ammonia into carbon skeletons to build diverse aromatic N -heterocycles via a multiple electron transfer pathway involving hydrogen evolution with up to 99.2% theoretical atom economy. (nature.com)
Indoles and benzimidazoles are very popular nitrogen containing heterocycles. (ijpsonline.com)
Charles Rees was a renowned synthetic chemist whose work embraced reactive intermediates, unusual extended aromatic systems, and sulfur-nitrogen heterocycles, all of which was underpinned by a rigorous approach to structure and mechanism. (chemistryworld.com)

Application of this methodology has led to the synthesis of highly functionalized pharmacophores including other KDR kinase inhibitors, biindoles and tjipanazole natural products, indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo [3,4-c]carbazoles, indole-4-carboxylic amides, N-hydroxyindoles, and 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans. (chimia.ch)

"3-Indolyl-1-naphthylmethanes: new cannabimimetic indoles provide evidence for aromatic stacking interactions with the CB(1) cannabinoid receptor" Bioorg Med Chem . (erowid.org)
A series of 1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl-(1-naphthyl)methanes (9-11) and 2-methyl-1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl-(1-naphthyl)methanes (12-14) have been synthesized to investigate the hypothesis that cannabimimetic 3-(1-naphthoyl)indoles interact with the CB(1) receptor by hydrogen bonding to the carbonyl group. (erowid.org)
Molecular modeling and receptor docking studies of naphthoylindole 16, its 2-methyl congener (19) and indolyl-1-naphthylmethanes 11 and 14, combined with the receptor affinities of these cannabimimetic indoles, strongly suggest that these cannabinoid receptor ligands bind primarily by aromatic stacking interactions in the transmembrane helix 3-4-5-6 region of the CB(1) receptor. (erowid.org)

2-Methyl-1-indoles 12-14 have little affinity for the CB(1) receptor, in contrast to 2-methyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indoles 17-19, which have affinities comparable to those of 5, 15, 16. (erowid.org)
Get chemical information updates for (1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methanol sent to your email. (chemchart.com)
Get chemical information updates for methyl 6-bromo-1H-indole-2-carboxylate sent to your email. (chemchart.com)
Charles Rees and his group also investigated the synthesis and properties of unusual aromatic systems, such as tricyclic [10]annulenes, and achieved the synthesis of 2a 1 -methyl-2a 1 H -cyclopenta[ cd ]indene. (chemistryworld.com)

Indole can act as a hydrogen bond donor or acceptor. (iemlabs.com)

Despite its long history, this classical reaction had received relatively little attention in comparison with other methods for indole synthesis, owing to the reactions harsh conditions, poor yields and unpredictable regioselectivity. (wikipedia.org)

The various indole functional group mentioned above significantly contributes to these drugs' biological activity. (iemlabs.com)

The mechanism of oxidation of indole and pyrazon are described. (iisc.ernet.in)

Carbon flux from glycerol can be efficiently redirected in JM101 strain into the aromatic pathway using appropriate tools. (biomedcentral.com)

Noting that DEET and indole exhibit overlapping chemical features, including the presence of an aromatic ring and a neighboring nitrogen atom (Fig. 1a), we hypothesized that indole might interfere with OR8 function. (vimsensorshop.com)

Bode, R., Lippoldt, A. and Birnbaum, D. Purification and properties of D -aromatic lactate dehydrogenase an enzyme involved in the catabolism of the aromatic amino acids of Candida maltosa . (enzyme-database.org)
Additionally, in the isogenic derivative with the inactivated tnaA gene, no indole was detected and acetate and lactate were accumulated. (biomedcentral.com)

Review of aromatic chemistry. (bath.ac.uk)

Usage of differently substituted and readily accessible allylboronic acids as a 3-carbon annulating partner enables diverse aliphatic and aromatic substitution patterns, which is still a daunting task. (rsc.org)
Examples of structures of aliphatic glucosinolates ( 1 , 4-methylthiobutylglucosinolate), aromatic (i.e. (biomedcentral.com)

Tryptophanase A (TnaA) was synthesized at high levels and indole was produced by this enzyme, in strain JM101 growing on glycerol. (biomedcentral.com)
This Indole group's medicine helps block the enzyme responsible for cleaving HIV proteins. (iemlabs.com)
1985. Differential effects of indole, indole-3-carbinol and benzofuran on several microsomal and cytosolic enzyme activities in mouse liver. (cdc.gov)

Indoles 9-11 have significant (K(i)=17-23nM) receptor affinity, somewhat less than that of the corresponding naphthoylindoles (5, 15, 16). (erowid.org)
In our search for potential long-range inhibitors of attractants to human hosts, we have hypothesized that the shared chemical similarities between indole and DEET may confer the former with the ability to block odorant receptor function and inhibit human host attraction in a similar way as DEET. (vimsensorshop.com)
We used the two-electrode voltage clamp system to assay Xenopus laevis oocytes as a platform to compare the pharmacological effect of commercially available insect repellents and indole on the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor, OR8, a receptor involved in the decision-making of female mosquitoes to identify human hosts. (vimsensorshop.com)
Our results demonstrate that indole inhibited the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor OR8. (vimsensorshop.com)
Notwithstanding its odor masking properties [8,9,10], DEET alone activates the Aedes aegypti indole-sensitive receptor AaegOR2 and also inhibits the (R)-1-octen-3-ol-activated receptor AaegOR8 [5]. (vimsensorshop.com)

As you know, in deciding which position undergoes aromatic electrophilic substitution, three elements must be taken in account: steric effect, mesomeric effect and inductive effect. (stackexchange.com)

The unique structural properties of the indole functional group offer a wide range of pharmacological activities. (iemlabs.com)

In this study, we describe the synthesis and characterization of new indole-based dicarboxylate monomers with only aromatic ester bonds, which can improve the thermal stability and glass-transition temperature (T g ) of the resulting polyesters. (lu.se)
Among different types of C-H bonds, an aromatic C-H bond is even more inert rendering this type of bond functionalization more difficult. (beilstein-journals.org)
Metals were exclusively explored to assist substitutions of aromatic C-H bonds by other bonds and this area of research is more than a century old. (beilstein-journals.org)

The unique characteristics of indole functional group can lead to the development of novel therapeutic drugs with improved efficacy and target specificity. (iemlabs.com)

Aromatic volatile organics-method 8020. (cdc.gov)

Indole significantly inhibits OR8 activation by (R)-1-octen-3-ol, mosquito visits to a human hand and long-range human host-seeking. (vimsensorshop.com)

Fischer indole synthesis Bischler-Napieralski reaction "Bischler Indole Synthesis", Indole Ring Synthesis: From Natural Products to Drug Discovery, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016-06-17, pp. 249-259, doi:10.1002/9781118695692.ch23, ISBN 978-1-118-69569-2 Bischler, Aug. (1892). (wikipedia.org)
In short, the indole functional group is a flexible, purposeful chemical compound broadly exploited in drug discovery and development. (iemlabs.com)

All These allow the indole ring to interact with various molecular targets, such as enzymes, ion channels, etc. (iemlabs.com)

Currently, there is an intensive development of bio-based aromatic building blocks to replace fossil-based terephthalates used for poly(ethylene terephthalate) production. (lu.se)

Aromatic C-H bond functionalizations have gained considerable attention by organic chemists because of the strategic importance of this process as well as the ability to synthesize functionalized aromatic molecules in a straightforward way. (beilstein-journals.org)

The aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction allows an efficient coupling of electron-rich aromatic systems with imines for the facile incorporation of aminoalkyl groups into the aromatic ring. (beilstein-journals.org)

This original procedure for the indole synthesis is known to have inconsistent results and yields, but has been modified into new indole synthesis procedures: Buu-Hoï Modified Indole Synthesis Blackhall and Thomson Modified Indole Synthesis Japp and Murray Modified Indole Synthesis The first two step involve the reaction of the α-bromo-acetophenone with molecules of aniline to form intermediate 4. (wikipedia.org)
Another challenge is to avoid the unwanted facet results of indole drugs. (iemlabs.com)

Link to all annotated objects annotated to indole-containing compound metabolic process. (planteome.org)
Link to all direct and indirect annotations to indole-containing compound metabolic process. (planteome.org)

High indole dosages have been demonstrated to repel the oviposition of mosquitoes such as Toxorhynchites spp. (vimsensorshop.com)

But the molecule is extremely unlikely to behave that way, since the copresence of two aromatic rings prevents their own rotation, and locks them in a skewed position. (stackexchange.com)

Indoles of commercial importance include drugs such as indomethacin (antiinflammatory, an antipyretic and an analgesic) and indoxole (an antiinflammatory and antipyretic drug). (ijpsonline.com)

This indole group is used in drugs that help to treat melanoma. (iemlabs.com)
2. The indole Functional Group has increased lipophilicity that can enhance the cell permeability of drugs. (iemlabs.com)
The solubility and efficacy of indole drugs are always put wrong in making a question while applying modern safety processes of drug making and technology. (iemlabs.com)

This drug is a typical Indole group that blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors. (iemlabs.com)

These two researchers did not collaborate with each other, but instead independently developed very similar procedures starting from an aromatic ketone structure with an excess of some aniline and ultimately producing a product. (wikipedia.org)
Actually, such a resonance structure requires a "double bond behaviour" for the aromatic carbons between ring B and the nitrated ring. (stackexchange.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms21

Chemicals and Drugs150

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science5

Health Care10

Compounds8

Benzene3

Amines4

Synthesis of indole1

Derivatives7

Heterocycles7

Carbazoles1

Cannabimimetic3

Methyl4

Hydrogen1

Reactions1

Biological activity1

Oxidation1

Pathway1

Nitrogen1

Lactate2

Chemistry1

Aliphatic2

Enzyme3

Receptor5

Substitution1

Structural1

Bonds3

Characteristics1

Volatile1

Significantly1

Drug Discovery2

Enzymes1

Production1

Ability1

Systems1

Results2

Process2

High1

Rings1

Commercial1

Drugs3

Blocks1

Structure2