• Following the subcellular localisation of proteins and RNA molecules within phase-separated organelles in live embryos provides important information concerning the regulation over their role and function in germ-cell fate specification and maintenance. (uni-muenster.de)
  • The mtHsp70 mtHsp40 and Mge1 proteins colocalize throughout the mt lumen and their RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated depletion has a massive impact on both kDNA maxicircles and kDNA minicircles. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Subcellular localization of the studied proteins was assayed by immunofluorescence using monoclonal anti-mtHsp70 antibody (58) as well as anti-protein A antibody which allowed visualization of the PTP-tagged versions of mtHsp70 mtHsp40 and Mge1. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
  • Ubiquitination is a multifunctional posttranslational modification controlling the activity, subcellular localization and stability of proteins. (cipsm.de)
  • Shi D, Cheng X, Saquet A, Grifone R. RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30958 (accessed December 05, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • LIN28 (LIN28A and LIN28B) proteins are highly conserved small cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that function as pluripotency factors, regulating the transition from self-renewal to a differentiated cell fate [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Finally, we showed that Bonus SUMOylation is mediated by the SUMO E3-ligase Su(var)2-10, revealing that although SUMOylation of TIF1 proteins is conserved between insects and mammals, both the mechanism and specific site of modification is different in the two taxa. (elifesciences.org)
  • Serine and arginine-rich (SR) proteins are RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) known as constitutive and alternative splicing regulators. (molcells.org)
  • This mini-review will summarize the roles of SR proteins as RNA binders, regulators, and connectors from transcription in the nucleus to translation in the cytoplasm. (molcells.org)
  • In this mini-review, the essential functions of SR proteins in splicing regulation, with a focus on their roles as RNA binders in the ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) will be summarized. (molcells.org)
  • Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
  • The single-stranded mature miRNA can then associate with an Argonaute protein, which mediates its function of mRNA regulation through direct mRNA target cleavage or interactions with associated RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) proteins [ 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The EMC facilitates accurate insertion, topology and/or stabilization of specific cellular TM proteins including a subset of tail-anchored proteins and G protein-coupled receptors. (biorxiv.org)
  • Together, our results suggest that the EMC engages with DENV polyproteins to ensure proper biogenesis of the NS4A-NS4B region, and provide further evidence for the cellular function of the EMC in the stable expression of TM proteins. (biorxiv.org)
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) share overlapping genetic causes and disease symptoms, and are linked neuropathologically by the RNA binding protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA binding protein-43 kDa). (nature.com)
  • TDP-43 is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), nuclear localization (NLS) and export signals (NES), and a carboxy-terminal glycine rich region. (nature.com)
  • TDP-43 regulates RNA metabolism, trafficking, and localization of thousands of target genes. (nature.com)
  • Re-expression of PLIN5 S155A in the liver of Plin5 liver-specific null mice reduced lipolysis compared with wild-type PLIN5 re-expression, but was not associated with other changes in hepatic lipid metabolism. (uci.edu)
  • Goupil S, Maréchal L, El Hajj H, Tremblay M-È, Richard FJ, Leclerc P (2016) Identification and Localization of the Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10A in Bovine Testis and Mature Spermatozoa. (plos.org)
  • Splicing factor such as Serine Arginine rich splicing factor (SRSF1) [ 16 ] regulate HIV-1 transcription whereas, Small nuclear RNAs [ 17 ] inhibit HIV-1 replication through excessive RNA Splicing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The interior of every cell is highly organised, and contains many compartments, called organelles, that are dedicated to specific roles. (elifesciences.org)
  • They play major roles in the tissue- and stage-specific expression of protein isoforms as well as in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The transcriptome is the set of all RNA transcripts, including coding and non-coding, in an individual or a population of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two biological techniques are used to study the transcriptome, namely DNA microarray, a hybridization-based technique and RNA-seq, a sequence-based approach. (wikipedia.org)
  • The transcriptome encompasses all the ribonucleic acid (RNA) transcripts present in a given organism or experimental sample. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subsequent antisense oligonucleotide-knockdown transcriptomic profiling of two LEC- and two BEC-specific lncRNAs identifies LETR1 as a critical gatekeeper of the global LEC transcriptome. (nature.com)
  • In addition, the subcellular distribution of mitochondria can affect the cellular transcriptome and transcription rates. (hindawi.com)
  • Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
  • In order to regulate protein activity, many biological processes involve changes in protein subcellular localization. (elifesciences.org)
  • We previously reported that a cellular hydrogen peroxide scavenger protein, peroxiredoxin 1, a target gene of transcription factor Nrf2, acts as a novel HBV X protein (HBx)-interacting protein and negatively regulates hepatitis B virus (HBV) propagation through degradation of HBV RNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • To obtain quantitative description of a broad range of cellular features relevant for cell motility we employ machine-learning approach. (uni-muenster.de)
  • In comparison, the exact function of the leucine rich-repeats (LRR) region located before the 70-amino acid island domain in the extracellular cellular portion of BRI1 has not yet been described, due to a lack of specific mutant alleles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our goal is to highlight the importance of coronavirus morphology and cellular localization in diagnosis and detection. (cdc.gov)
  • Identification of these interacting host cellular protein provide better understanding of mechanism of viral replication and subsequently development of new therapeutic approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, maintenance of mitochondria activity is necessary for the proper cellular function and survival. (hindawi.com)
  • In this presentation, we will discuss the development of in situ/vivo approaches by cellular and subcellular mass spectrometry that enabled our lab to determine the proteomic and metabolomic profile of identified cells in live Xenopus laevis frog embryos developing to tadpoles and neurons in mouse brain tissues. (njacs.org)
  • Uncharacterized sub-cellular localization of some non-CYP enzymes is another knowledge gap with respect to the development of quantitatively viable in vitro and in silico models. (njacs.org)
  • Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
  • Colonization of the gut starts just after birth when pioneering species interact, through surface receptors, with gut cells to promote the expression of a specific set of host genes and favour the colonization of commensal microorganisms [6]. (deepdyve.com)
  • Examination of the dJmj localization in various Polycomb group (PcG) mutant lines at the late growth stage allowed identification of some PcG genes, including Polycomb (Pc) , to be responsible for dJmj recruitment to nucleolus. (sdbonline.org)
  • Immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence staining suggested that HBx activates Nrf2 by increasing Nrf2 protein levels and enhancing Nrf2 nuclear localization. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the latest genome annotation, lncRNAs, which are arbitrarily defined as noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, constitute ~72% of the transcribed genome 13 , whereas mRNAs comprise only 19%, indicating the need for functional annotation of lncRNAs. (nature.com)
  • The enzyme RNA polymerase II attaches to the template DNA strand and catalyzes the addition of ribonucleotides to the 3' end of the growing sequence of the mRNA transcript. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recent studies have revealed the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as tissue-specific regulators of gene expression. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, this complex regulatory network requires precise control of gene expression patterns at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in order to ensure proper maturation, differentiation, and formation of blood and lymphatic vessels. (nature.com)
  • In particular, the FANTOM (Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome) consortium pioneered the discovery of the noncoding RNA world by providing, through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE-Seq), the first evidence that large portions of our genome are transcribed, producing a multitude of sense and antisense transcripts 12 . (nature.com)
  • Together, our work identified Bonus as a regulator of tissue-specific gene expression and revealed the importance of SUMOylation as a regulator of complex formation in the context of transcriptional repression. (elifesciences.org)
  • Recent global analyses of SR-RNA interaction maps have advanced our understanding of SR-regulated gene expression. (molcells.org)
  • Protein function is critically determined by subcellular localization, as organelles offer different chemical environments and interaction partners. (elifesciences.org)
  • However, most of the presumed virus or virus-like particles shown in all of these reports either represent normal subcellular organelles previously demonstrated in cells ( 23 ) or, otherwise, lack sufficient ultrastructure and morphologic features to be conclusively identified as coronavirus. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe morphologic features of coronavirus that distinguish it from subcellular structures, including particle size range (60-140 nm), intracellular particle location within membrane-bound vacuoles, and a nucleocapsid appearing in cross section as dense dots (6-12 nm) within the particles. (cdc.gov)
  • SUMOylation influences Bonus's subnuclear localization, its association with chromatin and interaction with SetDB1. (elifesciences.org)
  • This process occurs in the nucleus of a cell along with RNA processing by which mRNA molecules are capped, spliced and polyadenylated to increase their stability before being subsequently taken to the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immunocytochemical analyses was performed with specific antibodies to dJmj and tri-methylation at lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). (sdbonline.org)
  • The characterization of individual bri1 mutants has shown that both the extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of BRI1 are important to its proper functioning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effect on dendritic morphology is dependent on the RNA-binding ability of TDP-43. (nature.com)
  • RNA is the main carrier of genetic information that is responsible for the process of converting DNA into an organism's phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • This mutant shows altered subcellular localization and reduced S-palmitoylation, a phenotype copied by mutation of conserved cysteine residues in microbat IFITM3. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • In addition, we provide a side-by-side comparison of the subcellular structures that have been most frequently misinterpreted as SARS-CoV-2 along with actual viral particles that have been identified in COVID-19 autopsy tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • The term can also sometimes be used to refer to all RNAs, or just mRNA, depending on the particular experiment. (wikipedia.org)
  • MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of functional small RNA that target mRNA to affect their abundance and translational efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In eukaryotes, this process is mediated by transcription factors, most notably Transcription factor II D (TFIID) which recognizes the TATA box and aids in the positioning of RNA polymerase at the appropriate start site. (wikipedia.org)
  • Comparable to ELR1, the transcription degree of ELR1-IN mixed among specific horses with different time factors in the CCNU same people. (angiogenesis-blog.com)
  • In a mutant of testis-specific TAF homolog (tTAF) that is responsible for nucleolus localization of Pc, dJmj signals were detected not only at nucleolus but also on the condensed chromatin in the late growth stage. (sdbonline.org)
  • Furthermore, we show that microbat IFITM3 is S-palmitoylated on cysteine residues C71, C72, and C105, mutation of each cysteine individually impairs virus restriction, and a triple C71A-C72A-C105A mutant loses all restriction activity, concomitant with subcellular re-localization of microbat IFITM3 to Golgi-associated sites. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Diverse KRAB-ZFPs recognize specific DNA sequences with the majority targeting endogenous retroviruses, ensuring their repression. (elifesciences.org)
  • In order to initiate its function, RNA polymerase II needs to recognize a promoter sequence, located upstream (5') of the gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • To finish the production of the RNA transcript, termination takes place usually several hundred nuclecotides away from the termination sequence and cleavage takes place. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using RT-PCR, 5'- and 3'-RACE approaches we clearly show that PDE10A transcript variants X3 and X5 are expressed in bovine testis as well as in primary spermatocytes and spermatids. (plos.org)
  • We study the role of the lysosome in metabolic adaptation using subcellular omics approaches, functional genomics and innovative biochemical tools. (stanford.edu)
  • Specific manipulation of the immune system for therapeutic purposes is now possible. (medscape.com)
  • In attempts to attribute pathology of COVID-19 patients directly to tissue damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, investigators have inaccurately reported subcellular structures, including coated vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and vesiculating rough endoplasmic reticulum, as coronavirus particles. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to understanding the process of proper organ formation, determining the mechanisms confining motile cells to a specific site is highly relevant for understanding the process of cancer cell metastasis. (uni-muenster.de)
  • Rounded RNA circRNF13 prevents proliferation and also metastasis regarding nasopharyngeal carcinoma by means of SUMO2. (enzalutamideantagonist.com)
  • Together, our study provides several lines of evidence supporting the intriguing concept that every cell type expresses precise lncRNA signatures to control lineage-specific regulatory programs. (nature.com)
  • Human deafness mutation E385D disrupts the mechanochemical coupling and subcellular targeting of myosin-1a. (nih.gov)
  • Here we identify Heterochromatin Protein 1β (HP1β) as an essential protein for proper differentiation, and, unexpectedly, for the maintenance of pluripotency in ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We determine a comprehensive map of lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq. (nature.com)
  • The objective of this study was to identify the PDE10A isoforms expressed in the testis and germ cells, and to determine the presence and localization of PDE10A in mature spermatozoa. (plos.org)
  • The generation of receptors specific for antigens is a unique and complex process that generates 10 12 specific receptors for each cell type of the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells. (medscape.com)
  • Our goal is to convey a picture of pattern formation that draws attention to the principles rather than solely to specific molecular mechanisms. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Marburg virus (MARV) is a lipid-enveloped virus harboring a negative sense RNA genome, which has caused sporadic outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fever in Sub-Saharan Africa. (uci.edu)
  • We subsequently demonstrated the dynamic capabilities of the approach by capturing translocation events following EGF stimulation, which we integrated into a quantitative model. (elifesciences.org)
  • To address these questions, our lab uses a multidisciplinary approach to study the biochemical functions of the lysosome in vitro and in vivo. (stanford.edu)
  • In contrast to basic innate immunity, adaptive immunity is specific and depends on antigenic stimulation. (medscape.com)
  • 3 , 4 This posterior tilt is considered to be an important element for generation of the leftward unidirectional flow at the node, which is essential for proper L-R asymmetry. (bmj.com)
  • Subcellular localization as well as trafficking of a sterol-binding necessary protein have already been investigated along with initial steps in direction of in vivo depiction associated with sterol-enriched membrane layer domains have been consumed. (enzalutamideantagonist.com)