Induces ApoptosisProliferationInductionFlow cytometryReactive oxygenPathwayProteinsFragmentationAssaysVitroNecrosisMechanismEarly stages of apoptosisInhibitorMitochondrial membrane potentialRatio and apoptosisCytotoxicityRelease and apoptosisInhibitionUnderwent apoptosisDifferentiationOxidative stress-inducedArrestMitochondria-mediatedAnnexin V-FITCCellularAssay kitsSignificantlyHeLaHypoxiaInhibitorsRegulatesRegulationInduce cell deathIntrinsicCaspase-3 activationMelanoma cellHuman melanomaInhibitsCancerCytochromeInducersNuclearProteinBiochemPathwaysMechanismsAbnormalCaspasesEpithelialCervicalBone marrowPARPApoptotic cellMacrophageDeathTumor CellsKeratinocytesExpressionTime-dependent manner
Induces Apoptosis5
- 6-OAP induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells, as detected by DNA fragmentation assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Khz ( fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia ) induces apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating JNK and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. (springer.com)
- These results suggest that bufalin damages GSCs, induces apoptosis, and enhances the sensitivity of GSCs to TMZ. (techscience.com)
- Raloxifene induces apoptosis in estrogen receptor-negative human cancer cells through the AhR. (oregonstate.edu)
- We identified Y134 as a raloxifene analog that activates AhR-mediated transcriptional activity and induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human triple negative breast cancer cells. (oregonstate.edu)
Proliferation30
- Learn about the assays used to assess cell proliferation and the cell cycle. (abcam.com)
- The SignalStain ® Proliferation/Apoptosis IHC Sampler Kit from Cell Signaling Technology allows the researcher to examine paraffin-embedded tissues or cells with antibodies that will detect cellular apoptosis or proliferation. (cellsignal.com)
- Each antibody in the SignalStain ® Proliferation/Apoptosis IHC Sampler Kit detects endogenous levels of its target protein and does not cross-react with any related proteins. (cellsignal.com)
- Tan IIA inhibited proliferation of mouse keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis, resulting in S phase arrest accompanied by down-regulation of pCdk2 and cyclin A protein expression. (hindawi.com)
- Icariin can inhibit the proliferation and colony forming ability of medulloblastoma cells, induce cell arrest in synthesis phase by inhibiting the expression of cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and cyclin B1, and induce cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein. (ijpsonline.com)
- Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were evaluated by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry using PI/Annexin V staining, respectively. (medsci.org)
- Sesamin (75 and 150 μM) clearly inhibited SiHa and HeLa cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion, but did not affect the proliferation of Hs68 cells. (medsci.org)
- Pifithrin-α also reduced apoptosis and restored the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells exposed to sesamin. (medsci.org)
- These findings indicate that sesamin inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation, and its mechanism may be attributed to the induction of p53/PTEN-mediated apoptosis. (medsci.org)
- The results of our preliminary study demonstrated that 6-OAP inhibits the proliferation of human MM cells by inducing the arrest of mitosis and inhibiting specific key pathways ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- In the present study we investigated Dexa's in vitro effects on the growth of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in canine Achilles tendon cells and chondrocytes. (vin.com)
- Cell proliferation after treating with Dexa for 2-6 days was quantified by a 2,3-bis{2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl}-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt assay (XTT). (vin.com)
- The results showed that Dexa could inhibit the proliferation of tendon cells and chondrocytes at increasing concentrations (0.1-50 µg/ml) in compared with untreated cells. (vin.com)
- Based on our in vitro data, we speculate that in vivo treatment with glucocorticoids may diminish the proliferation of tendon and cartilage cells by increasing apoptosis and suppressing the proliferation. (vin.com)
- Apoptotic cells can produce signals to instruct cells in their local environment, including ones that stimulate engulfment and proliferation. (elifesciences.org)
- These results point out hCG and Ang-(1 - 7) as effective compounds to inhibit cell proliferation, since they decrease cell viability and increase apoptosis in both normal and in tumoral breast cells, being the effect more pronounced in the tumoral cell line. (scirp.org)
- Effects of Ganoderma lucidum spores on HepG2 cells proliferation and growth cycle. (springer.com)
- Further, stoichiometric DNA labeling can further provide information on cell cycle status, ploidy and proliferation (S-phase fraction) without permeabilization or RNase treatment. (biostatus.com)
- Functional analysis revealed that knockdown of PTGR1 significantly inhibited proliferation and colony formation by PC cells. (go.jp)
- The inhibition of cell proliferation was related to arrest of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase and increased apoptosis in response to PTGR1 knockdown as indicated by flow cytometry. (go.jp)
- To demonstrate the inhibitory effect of bufalin on glioma cells and glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) and discuss the underlying mechanism, the proliferation of glioma cells was detected by MTT and colony formation assays following treatment with bufalin. (techscience.com)
- Taken together, our data demonstrated that bufalin inhibits glioma cell growth and proliferation, inhibits GSC proliferation, and kills GSCs. (techscience.com)
- si-Prok1 arrests cell cycle, induces apoptotic changes, and inhibits the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells through a mechanism related to the regulation of Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway. (ajol.info)
- Nevertheless, we find that the control of activation of memory T cells and of proliferation are also fundamental for memory T cell homeostasis. (csic.es)
- We suggest that memory responses and homeostasis require a combination of control in activation, apoptosis and proliferation.The cell cycle inhibitor p21 suppreses autoimmunity and controls T cell memory responses. (csic.es)
- The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors was profoundly affected with early activation and then repression of p21 cip1/waf1 and persistent activation of both p27 kip1 and p57 kip2 , whereas genes involved in cell survival and proliferation were suppressed. (aacrjournals.org)
- and TNFR2, which signals cell proliferation, gene activation and apoptosis mainly in T cells. (biologists.com)
- Cell proliferation was reduced in a time-dependent manner of drug exposure as revealed from BrdU incorporation and migration studies. (jcimjournal.com)
- Effects of Thuja occidentalis ethanolic extract on cellular proliferation tested by BrdU incorporation assay Cells were exposed to three different concentration of Thuja occidentalis ethanolic extract for 6, 12 and 24 h along with incorporation of BrdU. (jcimjournal.com)
- Specify the components and their interactions and set up cluding proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic the system of equations. (lu.se)
Induction18
- As other thiazolidinediones, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, did not induce cell death and apoptosis in the present study, the affinity to PPARgamma may not affect the induction of apoptosis by troglitazone. (nih.gov)
- As these studies also revealed impaired cytochrome c release and a block in apoptosis upon small interfering RNA-mediated n-cofilin knockdown, n-cofilin was postulated to be essential for apoptosis induction. (nature.com)
- Thus, we conclude that ADF/cofilin activity is not generally required for induction or progression of apoptosis in mammalian cells. (nature.com)
- We found that, upon induction of apoptosis in control MEFs, n-cofilin, and its homolog ADF translocated to mitochondria together with actin. (nature.com)
- In summary, our work demonstrates that in mammalian cells ADF/cofilin activity is not generally required for efficient induction of apoptosis. (nature.com)
- Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
- The mechanism of 6‑OAP cytotoxicity in all cell lines was associated with the induction of apoptosis with the presence of cleaved caspase‑3 and PARP. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Strong induction of apoptosis in one compartment of the Drosophila wing disc causes apoptosis of cells in the other compartment, indicating that dying cells can release long-range death factors. (elifesciences.org)
- Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in human gastric carcinoma cells. (springer.com)
- Green husk extract generates an antiproliferative effect in HL-60 cells, which is related to an induction of the early stages of apoptosis and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. (ejbiotechnology.info)
- We performed structure-activity studies with seven raloxifene analogs to better understand the structural requirements of raloxifene for induction of AhR-mediated transcriptional activity and apoptosis. (oregonstate.edu)
- Remakably, Fas controls mROS and IFN-gamma induction independently of its apoptosis inducing potential (Figure 1). (csic.es)
- The authors engineered PC60 cells to express both human TNF receptors and then used mutants of human TNF capable of binding either human TNFR1 or human TNFR2 to investigate cell death induction in the T cell hybridoma. (biologists.com)
- Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms. (lu.se)
- Two bacterial virulence factors are required for effective induction of apoptosis by extracellular GAS: (i) hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits bacterial internalization and (ii) secreted cytolysin, streptolysin O (SLO), that forms transmembrane pores that permit extracellular calcium influx into the cytosol. (lu.se)
- Induction of keratinocyte apoptosis by wild-type GAS was accompanied by cell detachment and loss of epithelial integrity, a phenomenon not observed with GAS deficient in capsule or SLO. (lu.se)
- A significant time- and dose-dependent induction of adenylate kinase activity in HepG2 cells was noted from 0.1 to 12.5 µM fipronil followed by decreasing activities at 25 and 50 µM. (cdc.gov)
- The possibility that cytotoxic effects were due to apoptosis was indicated by significant time- and dose-dependent induction of caspase-3/7 activity in both HepG2 cells and human hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)
Flow cytometry6
- Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)
- Vybrant Apoptosis Assay kits offer streptavidin biotin-annexin V, propidium iodide (PI), YO-PRO-1, and Hoechst 33342 dyes to differentiate live from apoptotic or necrotic cells, which can then be visualized using flow cytometry. (thermofisher.com)
- Khz cytotoxicity was measured using an MTT assay and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)-related, calcium-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells was measured by flow cytometry. (springer.com)
- Flow cytometry analysis showed that the percentage of A549 cells in sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle increased in response to Khz treatment. (springer.com)
- Flow cytometry permits reliable analysis of cell phenotypes and is a workhorse technique in immunology, haematology, research and clinical diagnosis. (biostatus.com)
- Cell cycle ratio and apoptosis in the two groups were determined using flow cytometry, while Pi3k/Akt signal route-linked protein levels were assayed by immunoblot method. (ajol.info)
Reactive oxygen2
- Jacobson MD. Reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death. (springer.com)
- Miyajima, A, Nakashima J, Yoshioka K. Role of reactive oxygen species in cis-dichlorodiammineplatium-induced cytotoxicity on bladder cancer cells. (springer.com)
Pathway12
- Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of proapoptotic proteins, activation of MCL-1, PARP-1 and Caspase 9 suggest that MESF treatment leads to activation of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. (nature.com)
- Increased sub-G1 population and annexin-V binding, activation of caspases 9 and 3, cleavage of poly(ADPribose) polymerase (PARP), and a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) indicated involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in terpinen-4-ol-treated A549 and CL1-0 cells. (hindawi.com)
- Our results indicated that terpinen-4-ol induced apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway in NSCLC cells and that the apoptosis elicited by terpinen-4-ol was p53 dependent. (hindawi.com)
- There was also no translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to the nucleus in apoptotic keratinocytes, indicating Tan IIA-induced apoptosis occurs mainly through the caspase pathway. (hindawi.com)
- However, whether 6-OAP-induced mitosis arrest and pathway inhibition are followed by apoptosis requires further study. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Eiger is produced in apoptotic cells and, through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, is able to propagate the initial apoptotic stimulus. (elifesciences.org)
- found that the JNK pathway activated apoptosis in anterior cells. (elifesciences.org)
- Zhang S, Li Z, Wu X, Huang Q, Shen HM and Ong CN: Methyl-3-indolylacetate inhibits cancer cell invasion by targeting the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Analysis of DNA-binding proteins extracted from the nuclei of untreated BU-11 cells indicated DNA-binding complexes comprising NF-κB subunits p50, c-Rel, and/or Rel A. NF-κB down-regulation with previously described inhibitors induced BU-11 cell apoptosis, demonstrating that the default apoptosis pathway blocked by NF-κB is functional at this early stage in B cell development. (aspetjournals.org)
- Passage control and SWCNT-transformed human lung epithelial cells were treated with known inducers of apoptosis via the intrinsic (antimycin A and CDDP) or extrinsic (FasL and TNF-a) pathway and analyzed for apoptosis by DNA fragmentation, annexin-V expression, and caspase activation assays. (cdc.gov)
- The SWCNT-transformed cells exhibited defective death receptor pathway in association with cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) overexpression. (cdc.gov)
- We present a rate equation model for the TGF-b pathway in endothelial cells together with novel measurements. (lu.se)
Proteins11
- Caspase-3 (CPP-32, Apoptain, Yama, SCA-1) is a critical executioner of apoptosis, as it is either partially or totally responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins such as the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (1). (cellsignal.com)
- Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a member of the DNA sliding clamp family of proteins that assist in DNA replication (6). (cellsignal.com)
- Multiple proteins involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, and cell cycle control bind to PCNA rather than directly associating with DNA, thus facilitating fast processing of DNA (reviewed in 7). (cellsignal.com)
- Importantly, the mitochondrial association of n-cofilin and ADF had no impact on apoptosis signaling because ablation of either n-cofilin, ADF, or both proteins together did not change cell death progression. (nature.com)
- In fruit flies, apoptosis is activated by proteins known as Grim, Hid and Reaper. (elifesciences.org)
- created 'undead' cells in which one of these proteins was turned on, but other downstream proteins (that are responsible for the cellular execution phase of apoptosis) had been turned off: these cells were undergoing apoptosis, but could not complete the process and die. (elifesciences.org)
- C1QBP significantly increased ROS level, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3 and bax/bcl2 via regulating XDH. (medsci.org)
- In the present study, we reported that celastrol potentiated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis, affected activation of caspase-8, caspase-3 and PARP cleavage, and inhibited the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 and 2 (cIAP1 and cIAP2), cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (FLIP), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Further, small interfering RNA (siRNA) against the target gene was co-transfected with miR-149-5p inhibitor, and then the cell apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins were assessed. (medscimonit.com)
- Bufalin was found to induce the apoptosis of GSCs by upregulating the expression of the apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase 3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and by downregulating the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, which is a marker of telomerase activity. (techscience.com)
- Because of their surface charge, asbestos fibers can adsorb to cellular macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA) and cell surface proteins. (cdc.gov)
Fragmentation4
- Troglitazone induced apoptotic cell death characterized by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation. (nih.gov)
- B) U266 and MM.1S cells were treated with 6-OAP at the indicated concentrations for 48 h and DNA fragmentation was analyzed. (spandidos-publications.com)
- High micromolar concentrations of topotecan, which are unlikely to be achieved in plasma in human patients in vivo , were cytotoxic within 48 hr, induced DNA fragmentation, did not induce major cell cycle changes, failed to consistently alter BCL-2 or BAX protein levels but inhibited RNA synthesis and induced cleavable DNA/topoisomerase I complex formation. (aspetjournals.org)
- PMCs pretreated for 1 hour with rHuEPO showed reduced PDF-induced caspase-3 activation (49.6%) and DNA fragmentation (38.4%) in comparison to cells treated by PDF alone (p (bvsalud.org)
Assays5
- Learn about cell viability assays. (abcam.com)
- Both cell lines received an hCG and angiotensin peptides 24-hour treatment, in combina tion or alone followed by cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle assays performed by flow cytometer (GUAVA). (scirp.org)
- Effects of Thuja occidentalis ethanolic extract on A549 cell migration (Light microscopy, ×20) Wound-healing assays were performed to assess cell migration. (jcimjournal.com)
- Cytotoxic assays have been shown that iHg (5 mu M) caused oxidative stress and intrinsic apoptosis via ROS generation, oxidizing glutathione, damaging DNA, degrading cell membrane integrity, down-regulating mTOR, p-mTOR, akt and ERK1, and up-regulating cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c release in PC12 cells 48 h after incubation. (hokudai.ac.jp)
- Cytotoxic effects of fipronil and fipronil sulfone were examined using the adenylate kinase and the trypan blue exclusion assays in HepG2 cells and human hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)
Vitro9
- The primary objective of this study was to verify whether a natural antioxidant, lycopene, could protect MSCs from ischemia-induced apoptosis in vitro. (nih.gov)
- The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
- We investigated the effects of various concentrations of Tan IIA (5-10 μ g/mL) on mouse keratinocytes and human HaCat cells in vitro to confirm this hypothesis. (hindawi.com)
- C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)
- However, it remains unknown, how miR-365 plays a pivotal role in inducing apoptosis in HCF-treated cancer cells in vitro. (physiciansweekly.com)
- To study the possible anticancer and antiproliferative activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Thuja occidentalis (TO) on A549 non-small lung carcinoma cells in vitro . (jcimjournal.com)
- An image depicting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro can be seen below. (medscape.com)
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro (cell culture). (medscape.com)
- To investigate the antiapoptotic effect and mechanism of rHuEPO in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), isolated mice PMCs were used for in vitro characterization of rHuEPO effects. (bvsalud.org)
Necrosis5
- Annexin V-propidium iodide double-staining demonstrated that Sapota fruit extracts potentiate apoptosis rather than necrosis in cancer cells. (nature.com)
- Diminution of p53 by RNA interference induced necrosis instead of apoptosis in A549 cells following terpinen-4-ol treatment, indicating that terpinen-4-ol-elicited apoptosis is p53-dependent. (hindawi.com)
- We identified Eiger, the Drosophila tumor necrosis factor (TNF) homolog, as the signal responsible for apoptosis-induced apoptosis (AiA). (elifesciences.org)
- These cells had an increase in late apoptosis and necrosis after AngII Toac, hCG + Ang-(1 - 7) and hCG + Ang-(1 - 7)-Fmoc treatments. (scirp.org)
- In this study, we investigate the influence of AST against glutamate- and hypoxia-induced apoptosis, as well as oxidative stress-induced necrosis, in primary rat RGC cultures. (molvis.org)
Mechanism13
- In the present study, the mechanism for the hepatic injury by troglitazone was investigated with human hepatoma cell lines. (nih.gov)
- Interestingly, mitochondrial association of ADF and n-cofilin during apoptosis was preceded by, and dependent on, actin that translocated by a yet unknown mechanism to mitochondria during cell death. (nature.com)
- 8 Recently, it was shown that n-cofilin translocates to mitochondria during the early phase of apoptosis, but the mechanism for this translocation remained obscure. (nature.com)
- To investigate the effect of icariin on cell cycle and apoptosis of medulloblastoma cells and its mechanism. (ijpsonline.com)
- AiA provides a mechanism to explain cohort behavior of dying cells that is seen both in normal development and under pathological conditions. (elifesciences.org)
- found that TNF is produced by apoptotic cells in hair follicles, and that blocking TNF inhibits the death of other cells in the same cohort: this suggests that a common mechanism could regulate the communal death of cells in flies and mammals. (elifesciences.org)
- Chung TW, Moon SK, Chang YC, et al: Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepato-carcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism. (spandidos-publications.com)
- This study was aimed to reveal the role of miR-149-5p in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells apoptosis and the possible mechanism involved. (medscimonit.com)
- Apoptosis is considered a basic mechanism for limiting T cell memory expansion known as homeostasis. (csic.es)
- These results extend previous observations by demonstrating that 1) NF-κB is a survival factor at an earlier stage of B cell development than previously appreciated and 2) NF-κB down-regulation is likely to be part of the molecular mechanism resulting in PAH-induced preB cell apoptosis. (aspetjournals.org)
- We now report an alternate mechanism of GAS-mediated apoptosis of primary human keratinocytes, initiated by extracellular GAS and involving dysregulation of intracellular calcium to produce endoplasmic reticulum stress. (lu.se)
- As resistance to apoptosis is a foundation of neoplastic transformation and cancer development, we evaluated the apoptosis resistance characteristic of the exposed lung cells to understand the pathogenesis mechanism. (cdc.gov)
- The mechanism that limits cell division involves a structure called a telomere. (msdmanuals.com)
Early stages of apoptosis1
Inhibitor3
- Apoptosis was partially blocked by the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO. (hindawi.com)
- AML cell line THP-1 was transfected with miR-149-5p mimic or inhibitor, and then cell apoptosis was determined using the APO Percentage assay kit. (medscimonit.com)
- Therefore, this preliminary study was designed to evaluate whether PTEN expression status could have an impact on the sensitivity of invasive Pca cells to the PARP inhibitor, AZD2461. (ac.ir)
Mitochondrial membrane potential1
- Mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis further downstream was investigated, showing changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, and enhanced activation of cleaved caspase-3 and Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). (hindawi.com)
Ratio and apoptosis1
- Meanwhile, sesamin increased the sub-G1 phase ratio and apoptosis, up to approximately 38.5% and 37.8%, respectively. (medsci.org)
Cytotoxicity4
- Here we show that methanolic extracts of Sapota fruit (MESF) induces cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in cancer cell lines. (nature.com)
- In a preliminary study it has been shown that phenolic antioxidants such as methyl 4- O -galloylchlorogenate and 4- O -galloylchlorogenic acid derived from Sapota fruits can induce cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells 23 . (nature.com)
- In this study, by comparing the activity of normal cell lines and cancer cell lines after treating with resveratrol, it was found that resveratrol has more significant cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. (mdpi.com)
- To assess the cytotoxicity of various concentrations of HCF on melanoma cells, cell viability was determined by using MTT assay. (physiciansweekly.com)
Release and apoptosis1
- Either by knocking down MAC's main components or by its pharmacological inhibition, the end result is prevention of cytochrome c release and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition5
- Inhibition of p53 by pifithrin-α significantly reduced the levels of PUMA, Bax, and PTEN but restored AKT phosphorylation in SiHa cells exposed to sesamin. (medsci.org)
- Kim JM, Noh EM, Kwon KB, et al: Curcumin suppresses the TPA-induced invasion through inhibition of PKCα-dependent MMP-expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Inhibition of miR-149-5p can induce apoptosis in THP-1 cells. (medscimonit.com)
- CD95 ligand (CD95L)-induced apoptosis was synergistically enhanced by short-term/high concentration but not long-term/low concentration exposure to topotecan, suggesting that topotecan sensitizes human malignant glioma cells to CD95L-induced apoptosis via inhibition of RNA synthesis. (aspetjournals.org)
- Knockdown or chemical inhibition of c-FLIP abrogated the apoptosis resistance of SWCNT-transformed cells. (cdc.gov)
Underwent apoptosis1
- Micronuclei-bearing cells frequently underwent apoptosis but not multipolar mitosis. (figshare.com)
Differentiation1
Oxidative stress-induced1
- Co-treatment of Se (5 mu M) inhibited intrinsic apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by iHg (5 mu M) via inhibiting ROS formation, boosting GPx contents, increasing reduced glutathione, limiting DNA degradation, improving cell membrane integrity, up-regulating mTOR, p-mTOR, akt, ERK1 and caspase 3, and down-regulating cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome c leakage in PC12 cells. (hokudai.ac.jp)
Arrest3
- Recent reports have indicated that terpinen-4-ol exerts its antitumor effects by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis in human melanoma cells or by inducing necrotic cell death and cell-cycle arrest in mouse mesothelioma and melanoma cell lines without affecting normal cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
- 6‑O‑angeloylplenolin (6‑OAP) is a sesquiterpene lactone agent that has been previously demonstrated to inhibit the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells through mitotic arrest with accumulated cyclin B1. (spandidos-publications.com)
- We show here that expression of EBF3 resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
Mitochondria-mediated1
- Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Annexin V-FITC3
- MTT viability test, Annexin V‐FITC/propidium iodide double staining, and caspase3 activity assay were used to evaluate the apoptosis and relative expression of PTEN and VEGF in PC-3 and DU145 cell lines using real-time PCR. (ac.ir)
- Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis after annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide (annexin V-FITC-PI) dual staining method was done to ascertain early stage of apoptosis, if any. (jcimjournal.com)
- Annexin-V-FITC positivity of cells up to 11.72% as compared to the untreated control revealed early state of TO-induced apoptosis. (jcimjournal.com)
Cellular4
- In this study, the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for it were evaluated and studied, respectively on human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (hindawi.com)
- Angiotensin II Activates Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases via Protein Kinase C and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Breast Cancer Cells," Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 196, No. 2, 2003, pp. 370-377. (scirp.org)
- Registration is open for our 2024 Journal Meeting Diversity and Evolution in Cell Biology, which aims to bring together evolutionary biologists and cell biologists investigating diverse aspects of cellular physiology. (biologists.com)
- This is the multihit theory of tumorigenesis, in which a series of multiple triggering events in the genetic and cellular makeup of a cell ultimately cause cancer. (medscape.com)
Significantly6
- Furthermore, treatment of s.c xenografts derived from A549 cells with intratumor injections of terpinen-4-ol significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with the control group. (hindawi.com)
- In canine tendon cells and chondrocytes treated with 25 and 50 µg/ml concentration of Dexa the number of condensed apoptotic nuclei was significantly increased. (vin.com)
- In addition, culturing with Dexa and the glucocorticoid receptor blocker mifepristone significantly arrested apoptosis of tendon cells and chondrocytes. (vin.com)
- In addition, celastrol significantly reduced the invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells after TNF-α stimulation. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Results -The number of TUNEL-positive epidermal cells per 0.1 mm of primary laminae was significantly greater in the acute laminitis group than in the other groups. (avma.org)
- There was a significantly higher apoptosis in si-Prok1 group. (ajol.info)
HeLa2
- Human HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells and normal Hs68 dermal cells were used as cell models. (medsci.org)
- Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Hypoxia3
- We found that lycopene protected MSCs from serum deprivation- and hypoxia-induced apoptosis. (nih.gov)
- The purpose of this study was to investigate whether astaxanthin confers a neuroprotective effect against glutamate stress, oxidative stress, and hypoxia-induced apoptotic or necrotic cell death in primary cultures of rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). (molvis.org)
- Our results suggest that astaxanthin has a neuroprotective effect against RGC death induced by glutamate stress, oxidative stress, and hypoxia, which induce apoptotic and necrotic cell death. (molvis.org)
Inhibitors2
- Among other results, they show that TNFR2-mediated apoptosis is blocked by caspase-8 inhibitors and depends on Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) but does not require simultaneous activation of TNFR1. (biologists.com)
- Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have recently been found to be remarkably toxic to cells with defects in homologous recombination, particularly cells with BRCA-mutated backgrounds. (ac.ir)
Regulates1
- Similarly to memory T cells, p21 regulates the inflammatory potential in macrophages. (csic.es)
Regulation6
- This process plays a major role in development and tissue homeostasis, and abnormal regulation of apoptosis is associated with a variety of human diseases ( Fuchs and Steller, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
- Yu HY, Kim KS, Moon HI, Kim KM, Lee YC and Lee JH: JNP3, a new compound, suppresses PMA-induced tumor cell invasion via NF-κB down regulation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Y134 also induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells without having an effect on cell cycle regulation. (oregonstate.edu)
- Bax up-regulation and Bcl-2 down-regulation suitably altered ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in favor of apoptosis. (jcimjournal.com)
- Tight regulation of this process ensures that a dividing cell's DNA is copied properly, any errors in the DNA are repaired, and each daughter cell receives a full set of chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Induce cell death1
- However, the rejection reaction often occurs in the transplantation of MSCs and could induce cell death. (nih.gov)
Intrinsic1
- Apoptosis is a distinct form of programmed cell death in which cells activate an intrinsic suicide program to self-destruct. (elifesciences.org)
Caspase-3 activation1
- Apoptosis occurred 48 hours after EBF3 expression with caspase-3 activation. (aacrjournals.org)
Melanoma cell1
- MicroRNA-365 promotes apoptosis in human melanoma cell A375 treated with hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto. (physiciansweekly.com)
Human melanoma1
- A375 human melanoma cancer cells were cultured into two groups: fertile and infertile HCF-treated A375 cells. (physiciansweekly.com)
Inhibits5
- Survivin binds and inhibits caspase-3, controlling the checkpoint in the G2/M-phase of the cell cycle through inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cell division (4,5). (cellsignal.com)
- Khz, a naturally occurring compound derived from the fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia, inhibits the growth of cancer cells. (springer.com)
- Jin ML, Park SY, Kim YH, Park G and Lee SJ: Halofuginone induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells and inhibits migration via downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Park SK, Hwang YS, Park KK, Park HJ, Seo JY and Chung WY: Kalopanaxsaponin A inhibits PMA-induced invasion by reducing matrix metalloproteinase-9 via PI3K/Akt- and PKCdelta-mediated signaling in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Kim Y, Kang H, Jang SW and Ko J: Celastrol inhibits breast cancer cell invasion via suppression of NF-κB-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cancer15
- Survivin is a 16 kDa anti-apoptotic protein highly expressed during fetal development and cancer cell malignancy (3). (cellsignal.com)
- Among lung cancers, nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) account for approximately 80% of lung cancer cases [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In addition, there is no report on the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol against human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
- Consequently, several human diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, are caused by defects in this highly regulated form of cell death. (nature.com)
- Here, we explored whether sesamin activates p53, which is widely inhibited in cervical cancer cells, thereby inducing p53-mediated apoptosis. (medsci.org)
- Resveratrol could play a toxic role through inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. (mdpi.com)
- This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Khz on A549 lung cancer cells. (springer.com)
- Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. (springer.com)
- Ling H, Zhang Y, Ng KY and Chew EH: Pachymic acid impairs breast cancer cell invasion by suppressing nuclear factor-κB-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Hydatid cyst fluid (HCF)-based therapeutics has experimentally targeted approaches for treating human cancer cell lines. (physiciansweekly.com)
- In turn, as a result of research into the abnormal cancer cell, the basic understanding of the cell has greatly improved. (medscape.com)
- Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and division of a cell, with extension beyond the normally limiting basement membrane and through the boundaries of normal cells. (medscape.com)
- [ 6 ] These events lead the cancer cell to escape normal cell growth and control mechanisms, to avoid system control mechanisms (ie, immunologic surveillance), and to establish a nutrient supply. (medscape.com)
- Apoptosis protects the body by removing genetically damaged cells that could lead to cancer, and it plays an important role in the development of the embryo and the maintenance of adult tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
- High-risk types (e.g., types 16 and 18) can cause low-grade cervical cell abnormalities, high-grade cervical cell abnormalities that are precursors to cancer, and cancers ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Cytochrome3
- 4 Although the mechanisms of caspase activation in the cytosol are well characterized, the steps that control cytochrome c release from mitochondria and thereby activate the apoptosis program have remained largely elusive. (nature.com)
- MAC activity is detected by patch clamping mitochondria from apoptotic cells at the time of cytochrome c release. (wikipedia.org)
- Is MAC the knife that cuts cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis? (wikipedia.org)
Inducers2
- To elucidate the general importance of ADF/cofilin activity for apoptosis, we exposed mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient for n-cofilin, ADF (actin depolymerizing factor), or all ADF/cofilin isoforms to well-characterized apoptosis inducers. (nature.com)
- To test the relevance of ADF/cofilin activity for apoptotic processes, we here employed a genetically well-defined system of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) devoid of any ADF/cofilin activity and challenged these cells with well-characterized apoptosis inducers. (nature.com)
Nuclear4
- Cell apoptosis was induced by Dexa, as evidenced by the typical nuclear apoptosis using Hoechst 33258 staining. (vin.com)
- Similarly, exposure of BU-11/BMS2 cocultures to 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a ]anthracene (DMBA), a prototypic PAH, down-regulated nuclear Rel A and c-Rel before overt apoptosis. (aspetjournals.org)
- The nuclear lamina is a thin (20 nm) yet insoluble protein meshwork that, in higher cells, lines the nucleoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope (NE). (rupress.org)
- Steen and Collas 2001 (this issue) now provide some tantalizing data that links nuclear lamina organization to cell survival. (rupress.org)
Protein4
- Western blot analysis and real-time PCR showed that celastrol dose-dependently suppressed TNF-α-induced MMP-9 gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MB-231 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Members of the Bcl-2 protein family regulate apoptosis by controlling the formation of MAC: the pro-apoptotic members Bax and/or Bak form MAC, whereas the anti-apoptotic members like Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL prevent MAC formation. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbon nanotube s induce apoptosis resistance of human lung epithelial cells through FLICE-inhibitory protein. (cdc.gov)
- Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease is a progressive loss of mental function, characterized by degeneration of brain tissue, including loss of nerve cells, the accumulation of an abnormal protein called beta-amyloid. (msdmanuals.com)
Biochem1
- Cell Physiol Biochem. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pathways4
- Lee SO, Jeong YJ, Yu MH, et al: Wogonin suppresses TNF-alpha-induced MMP-9 expression by blocking the NF-kappaB activation via MAPK signaling pathways in human aortic smooth muscle cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Activation of p38 MAPK by damnacanthal mediates apoptosis in SKHep 1 cells through the DR5/TRAIL and TNFR1/TNF-α and p53 pathways. (noniresearch.org)
- Damnacanthal from noni fruit interrupts the growth cycle of adenocarcinoma cells (SKHep 1) and aids apoptosis via activation of p38 MAPK and mitochondrion-mediated caspase-dependent pathways. (noniresearch.org)
- AZD2461 suppresses the growth of prostate tumor cells since AZD2461 monotherapy could prove to be efficacious, especially against cells not expressing PTEN besides activating the possible apoptosis-independent cell death pathways. (ac.ir)
Mechanisms5
- Collectively, these data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying terpinen-4-ol-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells, rendering this compound a potential anticancer drug for NSCLC. (hindawi.com)
- The underlying molecular mechanisms by which androgen-independent PC cells acquire the capacity to proliferate remain largely unclear. (go.jp)
- Previous studies focused on the molecular mechanisms through which PAH induce stromal cells to deliver an apoptosis signal to adjacent preB cells. (aspetjournals.org)
- Other cell-mediated mechanisms (especially inflammation). (cdc.gov)
- Other cell-mediated mechanisms (especially inflammation induced by TNF-α). (cdc.gov)
Abnormal1
- This, in turn, creates a clonal population of a single abnormal cell. (medscape.com)
Caspases1
Epithelial2
- The fold change of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Caspase-9, miR-365 and Caspase-3 activity was higher in the fertile HCF-treated melanoma cells compared to infertile fluid treated A375 cells and human normal epithelial cell (as control cell). (physiciansweekly.com)
- Chronic exposure to single-walled carbon nanotube s (SWCNT) has been reported to induce apoptosis resistance of human lung epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
Cervical1
- Low-risk types (e.g., types 6 and 11) can cause benign or low-grade cervical cell changes, genital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Bone marrow5
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified to have the potential to differentiate into multiple types of cells. (nih.gov)
- CD138 + cells from a single patient with MM were isolated with informed consent from bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells using positive immunomagnetic column separation (Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). (spandidos-publications.com)
- The expression of miR-149-5p in leukemia cell lines, as well as the blood and bone marrow (BM) samples from leukemia patients, were monitored by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (medscimonit.com)
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are ubiquitous environmental chemicals that suppress the immune system at multiple levels, including at the level of B cell development in the bone marrow microenvironment. (aspetjournals.org)
- Specifically, PAH induce preB cell apoptosis in primary bone marrow cultures and in cocultures of an early preB cell line (BU-11) and a bone marrow stromal cell line (BMS2). (aspetjournals.org)
PARP2
- Enhanced apoptosis was identified following a 48‑h incubation with 6‑OAP (0‑10 µM) that induced a dose‑dependent decrease in pro‑casp‑3 and the cleavage of its substrate, anti‑poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). (spandidos-publications.com)
- In addition, time-dependent cleavage of PARP was also detected in U266 and MM.1S cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Apoptotic cell1
- Fipronil mediated activation of caspase-3/7 in concurrence with compromised ATP production and viability are attributed to apoptotic cell death. (cdc.gov)
Macrophage1
- and are recycled by a type of white blood cell called a macrophage. (medlineplus.gov)
Death8
- Recently, two independent models, one from rodents and the other from insects, have demonstrated that nuclei are not lost from skeletal muscle fibers when they undergo either atrophy or programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
- We also show that during coordinated cell death of hair follicle cells in mice, TNF-α is expressed in apoptotic cells and is required for normal cell death. (elifesciences.org)
- Although this process can occur in individual cells, apoptotic signals may also dictate the 'communal death' of many cells simultaneously. (elifesciences.org)
- Programmed cell death and Bcl-2 protection in very low oxygen. (springer.com)
- Host cell death may facilitate this process. (lu.se)
- The genes of cells program a process that, when triggered, results in death of the cell. (msdmanuals.com)
- This programmed death, called apoptosis, is a kind of cell suicide. (msdmanuals.com)
- Sometimes damage to a cell directly causes its death. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor Cells2
- Previous studies revealed that bufalin exerted inhibitory effects on a variety of tumor cells. (techscience.com)
- Silencing of the EBF3 locus was observed in brain, colorectal, breast, liver, and bone tumor cell lines and its reactivation was achieved on treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A in a significant portion of these tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Keratinocytes1
- In the acute laminitis group, there were 17 and 1,025 times as many TUNEL-positive basal layer cells and keratinocytes, respectively, compared with the control group. (avma.org)
Expression4
- Two PTGR1-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences were used to block the expression of PTGR1 via a lentivirus-mediated system in the androgen-independent PC cell lines DU145 and PC 3. (go.jp)
- Suppression of AhR expression strongly reduced apoptosis induced by Y134, indicating the requirement of AhR for Y134-induced apoptosis. (oregonstate.edu)
- Therefore, high expression of p21 lowers T cell overactivity, while lack of p21 enhances responses by regulating mROS production (Figure 1). (csic.es)
- Finally, ectopic expression of Rel A or c-Rel rescued BU-11 cells from DMBA-induced apoptosis. (aspetjournals.org)