Apoptosis signalling molecules. Medical search. Frequent questions

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated as consequence of oxidative metabolism, activate signal transduction pathways, which contribute to cellular homeostasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diverse signal recognition receptors and signal transduction pathways were defined which regulate cellular functions, metabolism and development. (mdpi.com)
Furthermore, these pathways are essential for cellular dynamics and build a highly regulated cellular signalling network. (mdpi.com)
However, dysregulations of these signalling pathways are also causes for pathophysiological processes and diseases. (mdpi.com)
Therefore, the understanding of the diverse signalling molecules, signal recognition mechanisms and signal transduction pathways is fundamental for the insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes. (mdpi.com)
This novel project seeks to identify new medicines that activate different PCD pathways, such as apoptosis and ferroptosis, that may be used on their own or in combination with the standard of care agent, Temozolomide, to treat GBM. (edu.au)
Our lab focuses on exploiting programmed cell death pathways, such as apoptosis and ferroptosis, to develop novel and improved therapies for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other cancers. (edu.au)
Silencing of Chl1 impairs β-cell function by disrupting the activity of key signaling pathways of importance for insulin biosynthesis and secretion. (lu.se)
The induction of ATF-3 expression was mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in GS-002-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
These results suggest that the induction of apoptosis by the propolis derivative, GS-002, is partially mediated through ER stress and ATF-3-dependent pathways, and GS-002 has the potential for development as an antitumor drug. (hindawi.com)
These effects were associated with inhibition of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 and protein kinase B signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
The underlying mechanisms of these effects were primarily mediated by G 1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulate kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
Aggarwal, B. B. Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword. (nature.com)
The in vivo and in vitro data generated by this study indicates that a multi-TKI, targeting the MST1R/MET/TAM signaling pathways, may provide a more effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MPM as opposed to targeting MST1R alone. (frontiersin.org)
CAE in Huh-7 cells selectively activated ERK1/2 and inhibited GSK3β signaling pathways. (springer.com)
Caspases are proteases that take part in the intracellular signaling pathways that cause apoptosis in different cell types. (isciii.es)
In this study we aim to review the basic research studies published in the last years in order to know the molecules and pathways involved in the processes which cause apoptosis of the different types of retinal cells. (isciii.es)
Click on one of the subfamilies of IgSF or TNFRSF co-signaling receptors shown in the Explore Pathways box below to see how the different members of each family affect T cell activation. (rndsystems.com)
PKC is an important signaling molecule in numerous cell pathways, including cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Currently, our group is further characterizing the pro-apoptotic signaling pathways and finding methods to attenuate the apoptosis in these tissues. (massgeneral.org)
In addition, preclinical studies are examining the combination of biochemical inhibitors of growth/survival signaling pathways with standard therapeutic agents to increase overall MM cell apoptosis. (dana-farber.org)
The major mechanisms of gene induction by cadmium known so far are modulation of cellular signal transduction pathways by enhancement of protein phosphorylation and activation of transcription and translation factors. (cdc.gov)
Together, these results demonstrate that enhanced WNT signaling is a characteristic of CC and suggest that targeting WNT signaling pathways has potential as a therapeutic strategy for CC. (jci.org)
The GFRα and GFRα-mediated signaling pathways. (medsci.org)
Caspases-9, -8 and -3 have been implicated in apoptosis-caspase-9 in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-8 in the Fas/CD95 pathway, and caspase-3 more downstream, activated by multiple pathways. (bdbiosciences.com)
These signals are transmitted to specific targets within the cell by intracellular signalling pathways that employ post-translational modifications, particularly phosphorylation. (manchester.ac.uk)
The fidelity of signal transmission by these pathways and the cross-talk between them are tightly controlled. (manchester.ac.uk)
This unit will cover how key signalling pathways in cells transduce extracellular signals to regulate gene expression and cellular processes such as growth and apoptosis. (manchester.ac.uk)
Intracellular signalling pathways: covering the major pathways in cells (MAPK, PI3K-AKT, mTOR, JAK-STAT, SMAD, IKK-NF- k B, Wnt), their components and key roles of protein kinases and phosphatases. (manchester.ac.uk)
Transcriptional regulation by signalling pathways: roles of transcription factors and chromatin modifications. (manchester.ac.uk)
This lactone ring is a Michael acceptor that is known to affect biological processes such as cell proliferation, death/apoptosis, and cell migration, by interfering with nucleophilic sites in cell signalling pathways. (lu.se)
We hypothesized that podocytes are susceptible to filtered plasma components, including hormones and growth factors that stimulate signaling pathways leading to glomerulosclerosis. (medscape.com)

The pattern of signals stimulated by these abnormal proteins in response to stress is altered, which increases the rate at which cell death occurs. (medlineplus.gov)
Notch-signaling pathway contains notch receptors, notch ligands, and some key downstream proteins [ 20 , 21 ]. (jcancer.org)
Our studies have demonstrated apoptosis in muscles following critical illness and/or immobilization alone, with upregulation of certain death-inducing molecules and downregulation of some anti-apoptotic genes and/or their proteins. (massgeneral.org)
Cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining as well as signaling and apoptotic proteins (WB). (nih.gov)
Membrane proteins can form channels or pores and perform fundamental tasks such as transport of substances and signal transmission. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Specific signal sequences, small sections of proteins that act like "post codes", are vital for delivery to the correct location and proper insertion into the membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In some proteins, the signal sequence is found at the end of the molecule, known to scientists as "tail-anchored" or TA membrane proteins. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Active caspases can then cleave many proteins, including poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), other caspases and other protein substrates en masse. (bdbiosciences.com)
Study biologically important molecules including DNA, RNA and proteins, as well as the molecular events that govern cell function. (manchester.ac.uk)
Oligomerisation of initiating proteins such as AIM2 (absent in melanoma-2) and NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing-3) recruits procaspase-1 via the inflammasome adapter molecule ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD). (nih.gov)
CONCLUSION: Overall, this study demonstrated that hUC-MSCs induce the secretion of some cytokines via the paracrine function to activate the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway to reduce the pathological condition of OA and maintain the proper expression of cytokines and extracellular matrix proteins. (bvsalud.org)
Finally, our docking simulations showed that the truncated PE species bound at least as good to several of the lantibiotic-identified proteins, as compared to the non-truncated parent molecule, stearoyl-arachidonoyl PE (SAPE), indicating that these oxidatively-truncated species favor/promote the formation of PEox-protein adducts. (cdc.gov)
Despite their specificities, the general idea is to detect certain cancer markers in various body fluids (blood, urine, saliva, etc.), for example, molecules released by cancer cells (cytokines, inflammatory proteins, leptin, etc.) or distinctive features of the DNA in tumor cells. (medscape.com)

Our recent study shows that the novel proteasome inhibitor NPI-0052 induces apoptosis even in bortezomib-resistant MM cells. (dana-farber.org)
Recent studies have demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of the Notch pathway with γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells via upregulation of the proapoptotic protein Noxa. (aacrjournals.org)
These results suggested that PM 2.5 induces the inflammatory M1 polarization and TLR4/NF-κB signal transduction pathway might be involved in the process. (medsci.org)

In addition to apoptosis induction ( 11 ), the mechanisms involved in the anticancer effects of pristimerin include stimulation of reactive oxygen species generation ( 15 ), blocking of nuclear factor-κB ( 16 ) and proteasome inhibition ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Inhibition of the processes that result in retinal cell apoptosis could decrease the number of dead cells and prevent the irreversible loss of visual function associated with some pathologies such as glaucoma. (isciii.es)
Inhibition of apoptosis may decrease critical illness-induced skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. (massgeneral.org)
In this review multiple mechanisms are discussed, such as modulation of gene expression and signal transduction, interference with enzymes of the cellular antioxidant system and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibition of DNA repair and DNA methylation, role in apoptosis and disruption of E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. (cdc.gov)
Moreover, depletion of macrophages or inhibition of WNT signaling with one of two small molecule WNT inhibitors in mouse and rat CC models markedly reduced CC proliferation and increased apoptosis, resulting in tumor regression. (jci.org)
Here, we investigated whether the inhibition of Notch signaling could enhance the proapoptotic effect of ABT-737. (aacrjournals.org)
For example, excessive inhibition by which tissue remodeling takes place during normal of apoptosis is an underlying mechanism of cancer, while growth and development and the physiologic mechanism an inappropriate increase is seen in some neurodegenera- by which labile cell populations such as gastrointestinal tive diseases and other conditions. (cdc.gov)

Targeting this pathway with a small molecule inhibitor, LCRF-0004, resulted in decreased proliferation with a concomitant increase in apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we evaluated the apoptotic effects of a novel small molecule inhibitor of ROR1 (KAN0441571C) as well as venetoclax (BCL-2 inhibitor), bendamustine, idelalisib (PI3Kδ inhibitor), everolimus (mTOR inhibitor), and ibrutinib (BTK inhibitor) alone or in combination in human MCL primary cells and cell lines. (nih.gov)
Our results suggest that targeting ROR1 by a small molecule inhibitor, KAN0441571C, should be further evaluated particularly in combination with other targeting drugs as a new therapeutic approach for MCL. (nih.gov)
Tolebrutinib is a small-molecule oral inhibitor of BTK , an enzyme expressed in cells with roles in inflammation in MS including B lymphocytes and microglia. (physiciansweekly.com)

SPHK1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), an important signaling molecule with intra- and extracellular functions. (thermofisher.com)

S1P signals through G-protein coupled receptors and controls diverse cellular processes. (thermofisher.com)
e.g. inflammation, genotoxicity, and This chapter focuses on issues as- ellers, growth factors, growth factor epigenetic alterations) and can have sociated with the understanding and receptors, signal transducers, and both genetic and epigenetic origins. (who.int)
Gα12 couples to numerous G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and regulates multiple epithelial responses, including proliferation, apoptosis, permeability and the actin cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
Many of these molecules activate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which couple to multiple Gα subunits. (medscape.com)

including biologic or small molecule approaches) targeting mitochondrial/bioenergetics and related biological mechanisms (i.e., inflammation response). (alz.org)
His studies in oncogenomics and cell signaling have defined mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to both conventional and novel drugs, providing the rationale for combining various therapeutic agents to enhance antiMM activity and overcome drug resistance. (dana-farber.org)
Cadmium interferes with antioxidant defense mechanisms and stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species, which may act as signaling molecules in the induction of gene expression and apoptosis. (cdc.gov)
Moreover, these anergic lymphocytes were extremely sensitive for protein kinase C-mediated apoptosis, indicating that immunosuppressive mechanisms are inter-related. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 1 ] Although risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes are linked to CKD, little is known about the signaling mechanisms that lead to progression with aging. (medscape.com)

In addition, cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that G0/G1 phase arrest was induced following pristimerin treatment in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, which was strongly associated with upregulation of p21 and p27, coupled with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Meanwhile, pristimerin induced significant apoptosis of CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, alongside decreased levels of caspase‑3 and specific cleavage of poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)

Extracellular antigens (eg, from many bacteria) that are phagocytosed or endocytosed can be processed into peptides and complexed with surface class II MHC molecules on professional APCs, which specialize in presenting antigens to CD4 helper T (Th) cells. (msdmanuals.com)

S1P has been implicated in regulating cell differentiation, calcium mobilization from intracellular stores, and apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
Cadmium affects cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other cellular activities. (cdc.gov)
Tyrosine kinases , including BTK, mediate phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on signaling pathway molecules and have roles in cell reproduction, differentiation, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis. (physiciansweekly.com)

SPHK1, along with SPHK2, catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine producing the signaling molecule sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). (thermofisher.com)
The combination of KAN0441571C and ibrutinib, venetoclax, idelalisib, everolimus, or bendamustine had a synergistic apoptotic effect and significantly prevented phosphorylation of ROR1-associated signaling molecules as compared to KAN0441571C alone. (nih.gov)
Introduction to cell signalling: signalling networks, protein-protein interactions, protein phosphorylation/de-phosphorylation. (manchester.ac.uk)

Recent research demonstrated that the potential to induce apoptosis through endoplasmic reticular (ER) stresses can be a target for cancer therapy. (hindawi.com)
Pristimerin has also been reported to induce apoptosis of various human cancer cells, including in multiple myeloma ( 10 ), breast ( 11 ), liver ( 12 ), pancreatic ( 13 ) and prostate cancer ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

During the progression of FJOA, these pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered to be key factors in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Additionally, hUC-MSCs increased the content of GAGs, inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis, and promoted chondrocyte proliferation. (bvsalud.org)

Caspase-3 is one of the most critical effector proteases in cell apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
One of the most consistently observed characteristics of apoptosis is the activation of a series of cytosolic proteases called caspases. (bdbiosciences.com)
The resulting death-inducing signaling complex performs Caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. (lu.se)

These findings identify an integral role of pDCs in MM pathogenesis and provide the basis for targeting pDC-MM interactions as therapeutic strategy to improve patient outcome.Genomics and proteomics studies have identified therapeutic targets to interrupt growth and/or amplify apoptotic signaling in MM cells to enhance cytotoxicity and overcome drug resistance. (dana-farber.org)
To support this spectrum of requirements, BD Biosciences offers a full range of apoptosis detection tools and technologies for measuring indicators at different stages across the apoptotic process. (bdbiosciences.com)

The magnetic therapy involves creating tiny iron nanoparticles attached to antibodies which bind to "receptor" molecules on tumour cells. (huffingtonpost.co.uk)
Signaling through the receptor/transcriptional regulator Notch plays an important role in tumor cell survival. (aacrjournals.org)
Signaling through the receptor/transcriptional regulator Notch plays an important role in the survival of tumor cells and their protection from apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents. (aacrjournals.org)
Binding of these ligands to RAGE does not accelerate clearance or degradation but rather begins a sustained period of cellular activation mediated by receptor-dependent signaling. (jci.org)
Other unusual features of the receptor include its ability to engage classes of molecules, rather than individual ligands, and its enhanced surface expression in environments rich in RAGE ligands. (jci.org)
When GFLs bind with GFRα, they form complexes and associate with the RET receptor, subsequently activating downstream signaling. (medsci.org)
We have recently identified a family with a mutation close to the protease docking site of tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme in the tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 molecule, leading to a periodic fever syndrome with autoimmune phenomena. (biomedcentral.com)
The adaptor molecule FADD recruits Caspase-8 to the activated receptor. (lu.se)

Most recently, he has focussed on the developing forebrain, where he discovered signalling properties in a small set of cells that pattern the large surrounding region of the thalamus. (wikipedia.org)
The scope of the special issue is to summarize and enlarge the knowledge in signalling processes and networks in diverse cells and tissues. (mdpi.com)
We have previously shown that the combination of BH3-mimetic drugs with current standard of care chemotherapy and small molecule inducers of the ferroptosis PCD pathway can potently kill GBM cells (Moujalled Cell Death Differ 2022, doi:10.1038/s41418-022-00977-2). (edu.au)
Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells was done to assess its impact on the insulin secretion, content, cell viability, and apoptosis. (lu.se)
The expression of key molecules of β-cell function including Insulin, Pdx1, Gck, Glut2, and Insrβ was down-regulated in Chl1 -silenced cells at transcriptional and translational levels. (lu.se)
GSEA showed that the insulin-signaling pathway was influenced in Chl1 -silenced cells. (lu.se)
Furthermore, we found that GS-002 induced more cell apoptosis in ATF-3-overexpressing cells. (hindawi.com)
TRAIL expression in astrocytes is repressed by molecules produced by T cells and microglia in the context of inflammation. (nature.com)
Altogether, we show that LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit CNS inflammation by inducing T cell apoptosis, and that this astrocyte subset is maintained by meningeal IFNγ + NK cells that are licensed by the microbiome. (nature.com)
Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is one of the body's ways of getting rid of old, faulty or infected cells. (huffingtonpost.co.uk)
Often in cancer, apoptosis fails and cells are allowed to keep dividing uncontrollably. (huffingtonpost.co.uk)
The cells were designed to light up green to signal that apoptopic clustering was taking place. (huffingtonpost.co.uk)
When a cell is under stress, the PACT protein turns on signals that reduce protein production, which helps protect cells from damage. (medlineplus.gov)
we found that EERAC inhibited the cell viability, migration, and invasion of SW480 cells in a concentration dependent manner, but promoted apoptosis and the cell percentage in S phase significantly. (jcancer.org)
Immunoblotting, reporter assays, quantitative RT-PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to evaluate HIF-1 signaling in glioblastoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
PKC isozymes are LR-dependent molecules that link psychosine-induced LR disruption to reduced PKC function and altered cell signaling activity, possibly driving demyelination and apoptosis in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. (medscape.com)
KAN0441571C alone induced significant time- and dose-dependent apoptosis of MCL cells. (nih.gov)
At different times during the hair follicle life cycle, the very same dermal papilla cells can send signals that either keep follicles dormant or trigger new hair growth. (notebookcheck.net)
We revealed that the SCUBE3 signaling molecule, which dermal papilla cells produce naturally, is the messenger used to 'tell' the neighboring hair stem cells to start dividing, which heralds the onset of new hair growth. (notebookcheck.net)
Apoptosis is an organized process that signals cells to self-destruct for cell renewal or to control aberrant cell growth. (bdbiosciences.com)
As cells become damaged or are no longer needed, they undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death, a normal physiological process that occurs during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)
Apoptosis controls the orderly death of damaged cells, whereas necrosis occurs as a result of tissue damage, causing the loss of both damaged and surrounding cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Methods for detecting apoptosis or dead cells (viability) by cell preparation type. (bdbiosciences.com)
We are currently studying the exact prerequisites for this new mode of anergy and apoptosis in cells from normal donors and autoimmune patients. (biomedcentral.com)
The cells of our body integrate signals from multiple stimuli in order to mount appropriate physiological responses. (manchester.ac.uk)
A broad understanding of the sequence of events, cells involved, relative time table, and molecular signaling can allow for maximum optimization of this important patient care issue. (medscape.com)
Fas-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both. (lu.se)
[ 6 ] NF-KB protects cells from apoptosis in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). (medscape.com)
Extensive lymphocyte severe infections is a massive loss of lymphocytes, den- apoptosis has also occurred in humans and animals infect- dritic cells, gastrointestial epithelial cells, and other cell ed with several exotic agents, including Bacillus anthracis , types through apoptosis, or programmed cell death. (cdc.gov)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Although some antigens (Ags) can stimulate the immune response directly, T cell-dependent acquired immune responses typically require antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to present antigen-derived peptides within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Intracellular antigens (eg, viruses) can be processed and presented to CD8 cytotoxic T cells by any nucleated cell because all nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Follicular dendritic cells are a distinct lineage (a different cell type than conventional dendritic cells), do not express class II MHC molecules, and therefore do not present antigen to Th cells. (msdmanuals.com)
We all have fragments of DNA from dead cells in our plasma (apoptosis), but cancer cells release more of these than others, and most importantly, their DNA has distinctive characteristics. (medscape.com)

Meanwhile, EERAC remarkably reversed the effects of mastermind like transcriptional coactivator 1 (MAML1, activator of notch-signaling pathway) on cell survival of SW480. (jcancer.org)

Therefore, authors are invited to submit original research and review articles which address the progress and current standing of cellular signalling processes. (mdpi.com)

These are as follows: sustained proliferative signalling, cell death resistance, replicative immortality, genome instability and increased mutations, tumour-promoted inflammation, insensibility to growth repressors, deregulation of cellular energetics, evasion of immune destruction, induction of metastasis, and promotion of angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
In the past decade, induction of apoptosis has become the major strategy to combat cancer. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, a search for innovative strategies other than induction of apoptosis is urgently needed. (hindawi.com)

However, some studies have shown that other molecules apart from caspases are activated during apoptosis in the retina. (isciii.es)
Caspases are activated upon cleavage at aspartate residues during the earliest stages of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)

The suppression of notch-signaling pathway molecules, Notch1, Jagged1, and c-Myc, by EERAC was confirmed using western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. (jcancer.org)
ROR1 was dephosphorylated as well as ROR1-associated signaling pathway molecules, including the non-canonical WNT signaling pathway (PI3Kδ/AKT/mTOR). (nih.gov)

Cell apoptosis and cycle were detected by flow cytometry. (jcancer.org)
Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL. (researchsquare.com)
During apoptosis, PS translocates to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and can be detected by flow cytometry and cell imaging through binding to fluorochrome-labeled annexin V when calcium is present. (bdbiosciences.com)

It has been suggested that these important cellular organelles have a pivotal role in such diverse biochemical processes as lipid metabolism, growth regulation, signal transduction, and apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
This is especially interesting as we have shown in our previous work that regulation of apoptosis might be disturbed, especially in systemic lupus erythematosus. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation rate were not affected. (lu.se)

First, we found that GS-002 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manners. (hindawi.com)
Radio-frequency dose-dependent apoptosis, necrosis and cell death monitored by annexin V-BD Horizon™ V450. (bdbiosciences.com)
Radio-frequency dose-dependent apoptosis, necrosis and cell death monitored by annexin V-BD Horizon™ V450 in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines treated with a low dose of cetuximab targeted gold nanoparticles. (bdbiosciences.com)

This vital membrane protein family is involved in many cellular processes, including membrane fusion and apoptosis, or programmed cell death. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Inside the cell S1P acts as a signaling molecule like other sphingolipid metabolites like ceramide and sphingosine. (thermofisher.com)

Mechanistically, the CCL20/CCR6 signaling pathway upregulates HIF-1α by stimulating nuclear factor kappa B-driven transactivation of the HIF1A gene. (cancerindex.org)
They're based on the analysis of DNA methylation, a biological process by which CH3 methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule and that determines gene expression. (medscape.com)

Shedding of activating surface molecules represents another physiological way to prevent hyperactivation. (biomedcentral.com)

With the addition of these new formats, more complex assays can be developed to look at apoptosis within heterogeneous cell subsets. (bdbiosciences.com)

In the skin, NF-KB regulates cell growth in the stratified epithelium and apoptosis. (medscape.com)

these are small molecule compounds designed to activate apoptosis PCD signalling. (edu.au)

However, although Michael acceptors are reactive, the Michael addition is reversible and it can be assumed that also other parts of the molecules will moderate the binding to and the release from any given nucleophilic site in a protein, and thereby moderate a specific biological activity. (lu.se)

However, abnormal expression or aberrant activation of these molecules may convert normal growth signals to undesirable signals inducing overgrowth, becoming an important contributor to a variety of human cancers. (medsci.org)
Inflammasomes are protein complexes assembled upon recognition of infection or cell damage signals, and serve as platforms for clustering and activation of procaspase-1. (nih.gov)
The expression of aggrecan, COL-2, and SOX-9 mRNA in chondrocytes was promoted by hUC-MSCs via activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
QLα12 LacZ+/Cre+ mice showed no changes in podocyte number, apoptosis, proliferation or Rho/Src activation. (medscape.com)

Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

His research focuses on functions of several key signaling molecules during development and progression of human diseases, particularly in breast cancer and leukemia. (sc.edu)

acquired defects in the control of apoptosis may lead to a Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is the method variety of disease states. (cdc.gov)

Co-localization of P2Y12-Cleaved caspase-3 in apoptosis models was detected by dual-standard immunofluorescence staining. (researchsquare.com)
Apoptosis was accompanied by decreased expression of MCL-1 and BCL-2 and cleavage of PARP and caspase 3. (nih.gov)

But if this is not possible, oxidative stress finally activates signals that will lead to cell death. (hindawi.com)

LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit inflammation in the CNS by inducing T cell apoptosis through TRAIL-DR5 signalling. (nature.com)
These pro- has been implicated as contributing apoptosis, inflammation, and several liferating cel s replace dead cel s to the cancer phenotype, through pleiotropic responses. (who.int)

Our group has identified apoptosis as an additional mechanism for loss of muscle mass. (massgeneral.org)
In those cases, multiple aspects of apoptosis might need to be analyzed to confirm the mechanism of cell death. (bdbiosciences.com)

However, resistance to apoptosis is considered to be a characteristic of several types of cancers. (hindawi.com)
However, some cell types do not display characteristic features of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)

Based on our working hypothesis, we postulated that chronically activated lymphocytes need to acquire modulated signaling complexes with proinhibitory capacities. (biomedcentral.com)
Lymphocytes, in particular, undergo massive and infection, potentially improving outcomes for patients in a apparently unregulated apoptosis in human patients and variety of disease states. (cdc.gov)

Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to measure expression of target molecules. (jcancer.org)

An inhibitory molecule of the IKB family interacts with NF-KB to sequester it in the cytoplasm. (medscape.com)

Similar biochemical changes in insulin signaling can be seen in immobilization and denervation states concomitantly associated with critical illness. (massgeneral.org)

Apoptosis can be detected by the presence of phosphatidylserine (PS), which is normally located on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane. (bdbiosciences.com)
Caveolae are specialized domains of the plasma membrane that are implicated in the sequestration of a variety of lipid and protein molecules. (thermofisher.com)

Hu W, Wu C, Yuan C, Chen M, Jin C, Zheng C. Ethanol Extracted from Radix of Actinidia Chinensis Inhibits Human Colon Tumor Through Inhibiting Notch-signaling Pathway. (jcancer.org)

Cell-cycle arrest was associated with the engagement of checkpoint kinase 2-cell division cycle 25C-cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling. (bioone.org)

Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to observe the expression of P2Y12, MMP13, COL2 and other cartilage degeneration and apoptosis related indexes. (researchsquare.com)
Numerous harmful factors that affect the human body from birth to old age cause many disturbances, e.g., in the structure of the genome, inducing cell apoptosis and their degeneration, which leads to the development of many diseases, including cancer. (mdpi.com)

Anatomy32

Organisms11

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs121

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Pathways32

Proteins13

Induces3

Inhibition7

Inhibitor4

Important signalin1

Receptors4

Mechanisms5

Significant apoptosis1

Extracellular1

Differentiation3

Phosphorylation3

Induce apoptosis2

Chondrocyte apoptosis2

Proteases3

Apoptotic2

Receptor8

Cells34

Transcriptional1

Cellular signallin1

Induction3

Caspases2

Pathway molecules2

Detected by flow cytometry3

Regulation2

Viability1

Dose-dependent3

Processes1

Metabolites1

Gene2

Physiological1

Assays1

Regulates1

Activate1

Reactive1

Activation4

Erk11

Progression1

Programmed cell1

Caspase2

Oxidative stress1

Inflammation2

Mechanism2

Characteristic2

Lymphocytes2

Target molecules1

Interacts1

Biochemical1

Membrane2

Inhibits1

Cyclin1

Degeneration2