Apoptosis of somatic cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cell Proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
The protein produced from the normal ABL1 gene is involved in many cellular processes, including cell growth and division (proliferation), maturation (differentiation), movement (migration), and self-destruction (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)
Like the ABL1 protein, the abnormal protein produced from the fusion gene, called BCR-ABL1, can promote cell proliferation and block apoptosis. (medlineplus.gov)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Many physiological processes, including proper tissue development and homeostasis, require a balance between apoptosis and cell 123653-11-2 manufacture proliferation. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis and cell proliferation are linked by cell-cycle regulators and apoptotic stimuli that affect both processes. (bioinf.org)
A failure in regulating proliferation together with suppression of apoptosis are the 123653-11-2 manufacture minimal requirements for a cell to become cancerous [4]. (bioinf.org)
Two proteins involved intimately in regulating cell proliferation are Akt and the tumor suppressor p53 (p53). (bioinf.org)
p53 has an important protective role against undesired cell proliferation. (bioinf.org)
Stimulates proliferation and differentiation of early progenitor cells within hair follicles. (plurisomes.com)
or = 0.02 ng/ml of mGLP-1 facilitated cell proliferation and 0.1 ng/ml and 0.5 ng/ml of mGLP-1 rescued SH-SY5Y cells from Abeta(1-42)-induced apoptosis. (ncbcs.org)
Tissue regeneration occurs due to the proliferation of stem cells, which can not only divide, but also differentiate into cells of the tissue whose regeneration is taking place. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
DHX15 silencing greatly inhibited leukemia cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis and G1-phase arrest. (oncotarget.com)
It leads to inhibition of apoptosis, proliferation, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. (medscape.com)
Certainly, Gene ontology evaluation revealed altered manifestation of genes mixed up in regulation of mobile proliferation, apoptosis, as well as the cell routine in EGFR TKI-resistant cells. (technuc.com)
Using mRNA microarrays, genome-wide evaluation of gene manifestation profiles has generated a clear department between parental and resistant cells, with modified manifestation of genes mixed up in regulation of mobile proliferation, apoptosis as well as the cell routine in the EGFR TKI-resistant cells. (technuc.com)
Samples in each group had been tested each 24 h for 5 days along with the proliferation curves have been plotted.Apoptosis analysisWe generated the DM model in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. (trpv1inhibitor.com)
Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Загальні відомості про злоякісні новоутворення Cancer is an unregulated proliferation of cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Top-ranked candidate mutations were subsequently validated at high sequencing depth on an independent platform and in vitro expression assays were performed to evaluate the impact of identified mutations on cell growth and survival. (pubchase.com)
RESULTS: We identified 6 putatively damaging non-synonymous somatic mutations among the three cALL patients. (pubchase.com)
These results highlight the importance of rare/private somatic mutations in understanding cALL etiology, even within well-characterized molecular subgroups. (pubchase.com)
Germinal-center B-cells undergo clonal expansion and activate the process of somatic hypermutation that introduces mutations at a high rate into rearranged immunoglobulin variable genes. (medscape.com)
Germinal-center B-cells with unfavorable mutations are functionally crippled and undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). (medscape.com)
In vitro studies have shown that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) greatly inhibit cellular growth and induced apoptosis in the ATC cell lines, while somatic mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain or an increased gene copy number are associated with increased sensitivity to TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer. (bmj.com)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
The mechanism that contribute to functional alterations in RA FLS are only partially understood and include somatic mutations, alterations in cell survival and apoptosis genes, and persistent activation of signaling pathways [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations occur rarely, and in order for a cell to become cancerous - this is calculated for human fibroblasts - about 100 divisions must occur (this number of divisions usually occurs in a person at about the age of 40) [5]. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Non-small cell lung malignancies harboring somatic gain-of-function mutations in the epidermal development factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase domain respond well to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including gefitinib and erlotinib. (technuc.com)
Of note, recent genomic studies demonstrate activating, somatic BRAF mutations in the majority of human specimens. (medscape.com)
PMID:18786442 mutations and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)

Where does this assertion that programmed cell death in Volvox "involves a minimum of several novel genes" come from? (freethoughtblogs.com)
RNA sequencing was measured to identify the differential expressed genes due to loss of Sirt6 in somatic and pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, Eggan noted that genetic analyses of the fused cells revealed that the somatic cell genes characteristic of adult cells had all been switched off, while those characteristic of embryonic cells had been switched on. (news-medical.net)
With the exception of a few genes one way or the other -- which is perhaps because these cells are now tetraploid -- the hybrid cells are indistinguishable from human embryonic stem cells," he said. (news-medical.net)
1. Disrupted systems include pro to-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and regulators of apoptosis. (ctsqena.com)
The DNA methylation patterns include anomalies in key genes implicated in the pathogenesis of RA and are stable for multiple cell passages. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentially methylated loci (DML) involve many key genes implicated in inflammation, immune responses, cell-cell interactions, and matrix regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Several downstream targets of the NF-kB pathway were also down-regulated, and apoptosis-associated genes CASP3 and PARP were activated. (oncotarget.com)
In EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma, EBV-encoding genes play a role in preventing apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Among the genes whose manifestation was significantly modified, genes whose manifestation was modified in gefitinib- Vinflunine Tartrate manufacture and erlotinib-resistant cells had been centered on. (technuc.com)
Notably, a complete of just one 1,617 genes had been identified as becoming differentially indicated in gefitinib- and erlotinib-resistant cells. (technuc.com)
Additionally, it might be used to recognize genes whose manifestation is transformed in cells Vinflunine Tartrate manufacture with obtained medication resistance by evaluating gene manifestation in drug-resistant cells compared to that in parental cells that are delicate to treatment with, for instance, EGFR TKIs. (technuc.com)

However, the tumour cells have undergone hypermutation, 21 23 a feature of the GC reaction during B-cell activation and differentiation. (bmj.com)
26 27 In contrast, the chromosomal breakpoint in sBL and HIV-associated BL occurs most commonly in the class switch region, 28 but since both somatic hypermutation and class switching are events that are normally confined to GC B cells and GC centroblast markers are expressed on BL cells, the BL progenitor cells most likely arise from B cells subjected to chromosomal rearrangements in the GC. (bmj.com)
3. B cells that would normally undergo apoptosis during somatic hypermutation in the lymph node germinal center accumulate, leading to lymphoma. (ctsqena.com)

A novel somatic mutation in ACD induces telomere lengthening and apoptosis resistance in leukemia cells. (pubchase.com)
Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated a protective effect of the ACD p.G223V mutation against apoptosis in leukemia cells. (pubchase.com)
Using a telomere restriction fragment assay, we also showed that this novel mutation in ACD leads to increased telomere length in leukemia cells. (pubchase.com)
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, malaria, immunodeficiency and spontaneous, somatic mutation can all contribute to the origin and maintenance of this cancer and their mechanisms are the subject of this review. (bmj.com)
This type of genetic change, called a somatic mutation, is not inherited. (medlineplus.gov)
Despite the low incidence of somatic EGFR gene mutation and amplification in the study samples, in view of the fact that high polysomy was often identified by FISH, as well as the current lack of therapeutic options, EGFR TKIs are worth investigating for treating the patients with ATC who have at least giant cell subtype. (bmj.com)
Germline mutation results in Li-Fraumeni syndrome (2nd hit is somatic), characterized by the propensity to develop multiple types of carcinomas and sarcomas, C, Rb also regulates progression from G, to S phase. (ctsqena.com)
Rb mutation results in const it utively free E2F, allowing progression through the cell cycle and uncontrolled growth of cells. (ctsqena.com)
Sporadic mutation (both hits are somatic) is characterized by unilateral retinoblastoma (Fig. 3,1). (ctsqena.com)
ii, Germline mutation results in familial retinoblastoma (2nd hit is somatic), characterized by bilateral retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma. (ctsqena.com)
Today's results demonstrate special gene manifestation patterns of EGFR TKI-resistant lung tumor cells using the T790M mutation. (technuc.com)

Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
While apoptosis in GBM cells was successfully induced in vitro, the effect of the SPION-TWEAK complex on normal somatic cells and the effect of external environments on the SPION biopolymer is currently being evaluated. (umwrcd.net)

The shortening of telomeres to a critical length leads to genomic instability and cellular apoptosis. (databasefootball.com)
The related concept of Longevity Determination , however, is the result of a species-specific genomic expression during early development that positions the somatic tissues of an organism to survive long after its reproductive period has been completed. (agemed.org)
ctDNA was successfully detected in 97% women in whom somatic genomic alterations were identified, and CA 15-3 and circulating tumor cells were detected in 78% and 87%, respectively. (medscape.com)

In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
Telomerase can add telomeric repeats onto the chromosome ends, and prevents the replication-dependent loss of telomere and cellular senescence in highly proliferative cells of the germline and in the majority of cancers ( Blasco, 2005 ). (nature.com)
His Cancer research study combines topics in areas such as Cellular differentiation, Apoptosis, N-Myc, Tumor progression and Regulation of gene expression. (research.com)
Through these associations, the lamins may have more expanded roles at the cellular level and control diverse functions such as DNA synthesis, gene expression, and apoptosis. (bmj.com)
Telomeres play a central role in cell fate and aging by adjusting the cellular response to stress and growth stimulation on the basis of previous cell divisions and DNA damage . (answers.com.tn)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Recently, superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) bound to a TWEAK ligand have been proposed to specifically target glioblastoma cells at their Fn-14 receptor by inducing cellular death of the cancerous cells through the disruption of the membrane when exposed to a magnetic field. (umwrcd.net)
The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)
Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
In contrast to its normal counterparts, the initiated cell can escape from cellular control mechanisms when responding to external or intercellular signals 5 . (bvsalud.org)

however, the level of telomerase activity is low or absent in the majority of stem cells regardless of their proliferative capacity. (nature.com)
Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
Here we review the role of telomeres and telomerase in the function and capacity of the human stem cells. (nature.com)
Thus, telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are associated with the immortality of cancer cells, germ-line cells, and embryonic stem (ES) cells. (nature.com)
In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
As stem cells have elongated proliferative capacity, they should have a mechanism that maintains telomere length through many cell divisions. (nature.com)
In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
Keep up with the Node 'Lab meeting' posts as the platform regularly highlights development and stem cell biology labs from across the globe and showcases research and researchers from the community. (biologists.com)
ACF1 is expressed in somatic and germline cells, with notable enrichment in germline stem cells and oocytes. (cipsm.de)
Mouse somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. (biomedcentral.com)
It has been reported that Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), a member of the sirtuin family of NAD + -dependent protein deacetylases, is involved in embryonic stem cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the discovery of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, the molecular mechanism underlying the reprogramming process has been an active area of research. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that Sirt6 is highly expressed in pluripotent stem cells and also it regulates the efficiency of somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
Researchers have developed a new technique for creating human embryonic stem cells by fusing adult somatic cells with embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
The fusion causes the adult cells to undergo genetic reprogramming, which results in cells that have the developmental characteristics of human embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
This approach could become an alternative to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), a method that is currently used to produce human stem cells. (news-medical.net)
In theory, researchers can induce embryonic stem cells to mature into a variety of specialized cells. (news-medical.net)
For that reason, many researchers believe stem cells offer promise for creating populations of specialized cells that can be used to rejuvenate organs, such as the pancreas or heart, that are damaged by disease or trauma. (news-medical.net)
Stem cells also provide a model system in which researchers can study the causes of genetic disease and the basis of embryonic development. (news-medical.net)
Eggan, Melton and their colleagues decided to pursue their alternative route after other researchers had shown that genetic reprogramming can occur when mouse somatic cells are fused to mouse embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
The scientists knew that if their studies were successful, it would provide the research community with a new option for producing reprogrammed cells using embryonic stem cells, which are more plentiful and easier to obtain than unfertilized human eggs. (news-medical.net)
In the studies published in Science, the researchers combined human fibroblast cells with human embryonic stem cells in the presence of a detergent-like substance that caused the two cell types to fuse. (news-medical.net)
The researchers demonstrated that they had achieved fusion of the two cell types by searching the fused cells for two distinctive genetic markers present in the somatic fibroblast and stem cells. (news-medical.net)
Their analyses showed that the hybrid cells were "tetraploid" - meaning they contained the combined chromosomes of both the somatic cells and the embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
One of the key findings from the study was that the fusion cells have the characteristics of human embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
Our assays showed that the hybrid cells, unlike adult cells, showed the development potential of embryonic stem cells," said Eggan. (news-medical.net)
The long term goal for this experiment was to do cell fusion in a way that would allow the elimination of the embryonic stem cell nucleus to create an embryonic stem cell from the somatic cell," said Melton. (news-medical.net)
Telomerase activity stops in somatic cells but continues in stem cells & germ cells. (howmed.net)
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a consideration in select cases. (medscape.com)
A. Cancer formation is initiated by damage to DNA of stem cells. (ctsqena.com)
The recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer are intractable due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are adequate to initiate tumor formation and refractory to conventional remedies. (spandidos-publications.com)
To date, RUNX2 has been involved in diverse physiological processes, including osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, chondrocyte hypertrophy, immunomodulation, vascular invasion and endothelial cell migration via modulating a variety of signaling cascades (e.g. (spandidos-publications.com)
Of note, other studies have also indicated the involvement of RUNX2 in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and breast cancer progression ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Stem cells that exist in almost all organs and tissues are able to divide indefinitely. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Stem cells are present in the myocardium, in the brain (in the hypocampus and in the olfactory bulbs) and in other tissues. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Mesonephric kidney--a stem cell factory? (ehu.eus)
Second, it is a source of multiple stem cells including somatic cells in the male gonad, vascular endothelial cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. (ehu.eus)
Thus, mesonephros is a challenging model for studies on epithelial differentiation and organogenesis, regulation of apoptosis, sex determination and stem cell differentiation. (ehu.eus)
In this review, we focus in the molecular and stem cell aspects in the differentiation of the mammalian mesonephros. (ehu.eus)
Stem Cell Discovery , 1 , 29-43. (scirp.org)
DHX15 was highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia cells but was lowly expressed in mature blood cells. (oncotarget.com)
A subpopulation of cells within a cancer has the properties of stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)

and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
OP9 feeder cell co-culture system was used to measure the hematopoietic differentiation from mouse ES and iPS cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, we showed that Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line has intrinsically a differentiation defect even though the establishment of normal self-renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
To further understand the epigenetic regulators for specific lineage differentiation from iPS cell would have great significance for potential regeneration therapy and human disease modeling [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
During the preparation of our manuscript, another group reported that Sirt6 knockout ES cells skewed towards neuroectoderm differentiation [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
But the exact role of Sirt6 in mouse somatic reprogramming and iPS cell differentiation remains unrevealed. (biomedcentral.com)
An error during these developmental steps in females may lead to defective gonads, affecting the differentiation and/or function of the gonads and the development, differentiation, and maturity of the germ cells. (lidsen.com)
Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)

CF treatment on leukemia cell lines induces cell death due to apoptotic mechanisms and altering 123653-11-2 manufacture cell metabolism through HIF-1 and GLUT-1 regulation [3]. (bioinf.org)
2. If DNA repair is not possible, p53 induces apoptosis. (ctsqena.com)

TUNEL is a method for detecting apoptotic DNA fragmentation, widely used to identify and quantify apoptotic cells, or to detect excessive DNA breakage in individual cells. (wikipedia.org)
Since 1992 the TUNEL has become one of the main methods for detecting apoptotic programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
However, for years there has been a debate about its accuracy, due to problems in the original assay which caused necrotic cells to be inappropriately labeled as apoptotic. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we demonstrate that the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex is asymmetrically segregated into the surviving daughter cell rather than the apoptotic one during ACDs in Caenorhabditis elegans . (elifesciences.org)
The absence of NuRD triggers apoptosis via the EGL-1-CED-9-CED-4-CED-3 pathway, while an ectopic gain of NuRD enables apoptotic daughter cells to survive. (elifesciences.org)
It is noteworthy that 105 of the 131 apoptotic cells (Q.aa and Q.pp), respectively ( Figure 1A ). (elifesciences.org)
QL or QR neuroblast each generates three neurons and two apoptotic cells (Q.aa/Q.pp, X). QL produces PQR, PVM, and SDQL. (elifesciences.org)
confirmed an apoptotic death for both cell lines. (bioinf.org)
Meanwhile, we observed an apparent improve inside the quantity of apoptotic sperm cells and somatic cells, in particular in Leydig cells, as revealed by the TUNEL assay (Fig. 1E). (trpv1inhibitor.com)
The activation of tumor-specific T-cells depends upon DCs, which endocytose tumor cell particles and apoptotic vesicles. (aboutsciencenow.info)

In this study, we provide evidence that Sirt6 is involved in mouse somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
However, whether and how other sirtuins, especially nuclear epigenetic regulator Sirt6, regulate mouse somatic reprogramming still remains exclusive. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we sought to determine the role of Sirt6 in mouse somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, induced Akt activity (p-AKT) (due to overexpression) is sufficient to block apoptosis triggered by many death stimuli [5]. (bioinf.org)

CONCLUSION: This study identified ACD as a novel gene involved in cALL and points to a functional role for ACD in enhancing leukemia cell survival. (pubchase.com)
HL-RSC carry clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, which establishes their clonality and their B cell origin. (medscape.com)
Somatic gene therapy represents mainstream basic and clinical research, in which therapeutic DNA (either integrated in the genome or as an external episome or plasmid) is used to treat disease. (omicsonline.org)
Such single gene disorders are good candidates for somatic cell therapy. (omicsonline.org)
It has been known for many years that the fundamental transforming event in BL is the translocation of the MYC gene, and the events that bring about this translocation and those that allow cells to survive with the constitutive expression of MYC have been the subject of intense investigation. (bmj.com)
The function of the protein produced from the normal BCR gene is not completely understood, although it has been shown to help control signaling in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
In search for subgroups of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with different histogenetic origin and prognosis, as has been described by gene expression profiling, we examined tumor specimens from 125 patients with DLBCL, uniformly treated by either cyclophosphamideAdriamycin-vincristine-prednisone or methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin in a multicenter trial set by the Nordic Lymphoma Group 1989-1994. (aacrjournals.org)
The Cancer research study combines topics in areas such as Cell growth, Cancer cell, Regulation of gene expression, Gene and N-Myc. (research.com)
This up-regulation is due to gene amplification of c-rel and activation of cell-surface receptors such as CD30, CD40, RANK, and Notch1. (medscape.com)
Today's study can offer crucial insights into gene manifestation profiles involved with conferring level of resistance to EGFR TKI therapy in lung cancers cells. (technuc.com)
gene-modified immune system cells. (aboutsciencenow.info)
Alteration of the pattern of gene expression by oxidants may function in the stimulation of the initiated cell during tumor promotion. (bvsalud.org)

Colon & lung cancer cells produce blocking protein for Fas receptor CTL cannot kill these tumor cells. (howmed.net)
Some cancer cell produce FasL which kill CTL directed against these tumor cells. (howmed.net)
Using iPS for T-Cell Era The principal system of tumor immunity is normally eliminating of tumor cells by Compact disc8+ CTLs. (aboutsciencenow.info)
As as effector CTLs are produced shortly, they could recognize and eliminate the tumor cells [44C47]. (aboutsciencenow.info)
In a recent study, researchers compared radiographic imaging of tumors with an assay of ctDNA, cancer antigen 15-3 ( CA 15-3 ), and circulating tumor cells in 30 women with MBC who were receiving systemic therapy. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] CA 15-3 levels and numbers of circulating tumor cells were measured at identical time points. (medscape.com)
ctDNA levels showed a greater dynamic range, and greater correlation with changes in tumor burden, than did CA 15-3 or circulating tumor cells. (medscape.com)

More than 50 years have passed since the phenomenon of cell aging was proved on fibroblast culture, but the existence of old cells in the body has long been questioned. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Hayflick LimitThe phenomenon of cell aging was first discovered in 1961 by Leonard Hayflick and colleagues on fibroblast culture. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
It turned out that cells in human fibroblast culture live for a limited time under good conditions and are able to double approximately 50±10 times, and this number was called the Hayflick limit [6, 7]. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
iPS cells can generate hematopoietic cells similar to those derived from ES cells that are specific for each person and can be differentiated from a small number of available somatic cells such as fibroblast, but with a low efficiency [32]. (aboutsciencenow.info)

The importance of independent 3â UTR RNA (referred as I3â UTR) was prompted by results of artificially introducing such RNA species into malignant mammalian cells. (omicsonline.org)
In the last four decades, transgenic and knockout mouse models have helped to understand the mechanisms of mammalian sex determination, germ cell development, and adult gonad functions. (lidsen.com)
Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
COX-1 is expressed constitutively and is isolated throughout most cell lines in almost all mammalian tissues. (medscape.com)

All somatic cells proliferate via a mitotic process determined by progression through the cell cycle. (bioinf.org)
His Tumor progression research integrates issues from Apoptosis, Mitochondrion, Mitochondrial ROS and Downregulation and upregulation. (research.com)
4, Cell cycle regulators mediate progression through the cell cycle {e.g., cyctin and cyclin-dependent kinase). (ctsqena.com)
K, p53 regulates progression of the cell cycle from Gt to S phase, 1. (ctsqena.com)
For instance, RUNX2 is involved in the progression of various tumor types, such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer ( 15 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Remarkably, a two-fold overexpression of CHRAC (ACF1 and CHRAC-16) leads to increased apoptosis and packaging defects. (cipsm.de)
These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
Developmental defects, including abnormalities in cloned fetuses and placentas, in addition to high rates of pregnancy loss and neonatal death have been encountered by every research team studying somatic cloning. (biomedcentral.com)

Senescent cells accumulate with age, and secrete an unfortunate combination of signals that harms organs and tissues in numerous ways, such as via the production of increased chronic inflammation. (lifeboat.com)
Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
Currently, clinical trials are underway of drugs that selectively eliminate old cells in organs and tissues, thereby preventing degenerative changes in organs and cancer. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
In our body, there are renewing tissues in which there is a pool of constantly dividing cells that replace spent or dying cells. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Proteus syndrome (PS) is a sporadically occurring hamartomatous disorder associated with irregular asymmetric overgrowth of multiple body tissues and cell lineages. (medscape.com)
The use of olfactory progenitors as a cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) would allow harvest without invasive surgery, provide an autologous cell population, eliminate need for immunosuppression and avoid the ethical concerns associated with embryonic tissues. (scirp.org)
Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)

TFAP2C facilitates somatic cell reprogramming by inhibiting c-Myc-dependent apoptosis and promoting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. (bvsalud.org)
A431 human epithelial carcinoma cells were either left untreated or treated with 200 ng/mL recombinant human (rh) EGF (Catalog # 236-EG) for 5 minutes. (bnwax.com)

Such cells exist in the crypts of the intestine, in the basal layer of the skin epithelium, in the bone marrow (hematopoietic cells). (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells juxtaposed against a backdrop of hematopoietic cells, including T-cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)

The researchers show that, during this event, the mitochondrial networks of ovarian nurse cells undergo extensive remodelling, cluster formation and cluster engulfment by somatic follicle cells. (biologists.com)

overexpression of DHX15 caused dramatic resistance to ATO-induced cell apoptosis, suggesting an important role for DHX15 in cell apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
The reason for the apoptosis resistance of HL-RSC precursors is unclear but may involve several distinct transforming events, such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. (medscape.com)
To additionally check out level of resistance to EGFR TKIs, today's study has generated cell lines that are resistant to either gefitinib or erlotinib. (technuc.com)

Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is essential for development and tissue maintenance in many organisms. (biologists.com)
This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
The clinical manifestations of Waldenström macroglobulinemia result from the presence of the IgM paraprotein and malignant lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltration of the bone marrow and other tissue sites. (medscape.com)
Cell renewal can occur quite intensively: for example, connective tissue cells in the pancreas are replaced every 24 hours, gastric mucosa cells - every three days, leukocytes - every 10 days, skin cells - every six weeks, approximately 70 g of proliferating small intestine cells are removed from the body daily [1]. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
During cell division, tissue rejuvenation occurs: new cells take the place of damaged ones, while repair (elimination of DNA damage) occurs more intensively and regeneration is possible in case of tissue damage. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
It is described as a housekeeping enzyme, being responsible for cell-to-cell signaling, tissue homeostasis, and cytoprotection. (medscape.com)

A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
Progressive shortening of telomeres leads to senescence, apoptosis, or oncogenic transformation of somatic cells, affecting the health and lifespan of an individual. (answers.com.tn)
One of them is the replicative aging of cells (senescence), which consists in the irreversible stopping of cell division at the G1 stage of the cell cycle. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignancy of the germinal-center B cells that affects the reticuloendothelial and lymphatic systems. (medscape.com)
This may be secondary to a germinal center origin or attributable to increased apoptosis via induction of bax and/or enhanced T-cell interaction, resulting in improved autologous tumor response. (aacrjournals.org)

In mammals and C. elegans , Bcl-2 family proteins facilitate apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial dynamics but do they play a similar role during apoptosis in Drosophila ? (biologists.com)
Thus, the researchers conclude, Bcl-2 family proteins do play a major role in controlling both mitochondrial dynamics and cell death in the Drosophila ovary. (biologists.com)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
Lamins are intermediate filament proteins comprising a major structural component of the nuclear lamina, which underlies the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope in most somatic cells. (bmj.com)
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) form a complex which phosphorylates proteins that drive the cell through the cell cycle. (ctsqena.com)

Conclusions These findings ascertained an conversation between p53, c-myc, p21, p27, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt pathway, and CF-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211H and HCT-116 cells, suggesting that CF acts as an important regulator of cell growth in human malignancy cell lines. (bioinf.org)
The greater number of cells permitted a focused evaluation of promoter sequences and a more detailed pathway analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
YM155 potently kills acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through activation of the DNA damage pathway. (bnwax.com)

We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)
Specifically, we argue that the hypercoagulable and hyperinflammatory state of severe COVID-19 is a consequence of the expanded tropism of SARS-CoV-2, which allows it to infect vascular endothelial cells, and that cytokine storm physiology contributes to a lesser degree. (ersjournals.com)
Specifically, in vitro endothelial cells, a common somatic cell type used in the lining of blood and lymph vessels, were subjected to the SPION-TWEAK complex in the presence and absence of a magnetic field. (umwrcd.net)
These cells were visualized via fluorescent microscope to observe if the endothelial cells underwent programmed cell death from the proposed treatment. (umwrcd.net)
Results from fluorescence microscopy demonstrate that the SPION-TWEAK complex has no effect on the endothelial cells, maintaining the theory that the conjugated nanoparticles only affect GBM cells. (umwrcd.net)
Imatinib inhibits VEGF-independent angiogenesis by targeting neuropilin 1-dependent ABL1 activation in endothelial cells. (bnwax.com)
Breast cancer cells condition lymphatic endothelial cells within pre-metastatic niches to promote metastasis. (bnwax.com)
The inflammatory kinase MAP4K4 promotes reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus and enhances the invasiveness of infected endothelial cells. (bnwax.com)

Somatic PMK-1/p38 signaling links environmental stress to germ cell apoptosis and heritable euploidy. (uiowa.edu)

This is due to irregularities in the regulation of cell division and an increased frequency of mutagenesis in actively dividing cells. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Up-regulation of NF-κB in HL is observed in both Hodgkin lymphoma RSCs and the surrounding supporting cells. (medscape.com)

In somatic cells such as leukocytes, telomeres gradually shorten with each cell division because of low telomerase activity. (databasefootball.com)
Study co-author Helen Blau adds: "Now we have found a way to lengthen human telomeres by as much as 1,000 nucleotides, turning back the internal clock in these cells by the equivalent of many years of human life. (answers.com.tn)
The finding relates to telomeres, the caps that protect the tips of chromosomes when cells divide. (answers.com.tn)

The Noncoding RNA nc886 Regulates PKR Signaling and Cytokine Production in Human Cells. (bnwax.com)

The authors propose that the asymmetric segregation of the NuRD complex in C. elegans is regulated in a V-ATPase-dependent manner, that this plays a crucial role in determining the differential expression of the apoptosis activator egl-1 and that it is therefore critical for the life/death fate decision in this species. (elifesciences.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans represents a valuable model for investigating ACD, given its invariant cell lineage and conserved mechanisms of ACD. (elifesciences.org)

The malignant cells exhibit peptides produced from mutant mobile protein or oncogenic viral protein and present them in colaboration with course I MHC substances. (aboutsciencenow.info)

Asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) generate two daughter cells with identical genetic information but distinct cell fates through epigenetic mechanisms. (elifesciences.org)
However, the process of partitioning different epigenetic information into daughter cells remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)
We suggest that asymmetric segregation of V-ATPase may cause distinct acidification levels in the two daughter cells, enabling asymmetric epigenetic inheritance that specifies their respective life-versus-death fates. (elifesciences.org)
The opposing cell fates of daughter cells, i.e., to live or die, offer a compelling experimental system for investigating how epigenetic inheritance determines life versus death decisions during ACD. (elifesciences.org)
The presence of epigenetic changes in long-term cultured cells suggest that rheumatoid FLS imprinting might contribute to pathogenic behavior. (biomedcentral.com)

Histologically, BL cells are monomorphic medium sized cells with round nuclei, a number of nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm. (bmj.com)
SCNT involves transferring the nuclei of adult cells, called somatic cells, into oocytes in which scientists have removed the nuclei. (news-medical.net)
These observations suggest that further studies on nuclear reprogramming are needed in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of reprogramming and significantly improve the ability of the differentiated somatic nuclei to be reprogrammed. (biomedcentral.com)

B. Categories of oncogenes include growth factors, growth factor receptors, signal transducers, nuclear regulators, and cell cycle regulators (Table 3.3). (ctsqena.com)
Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of DHX15 inhibited the nuclear translocation and activation of the NF-kB subunit P65 in leukemia cells. (oncotarget.com)

Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)
Normal Bcl-2 on outer (M) membrane inhibit apoptosis. (howmed.net)
2. Mitochondrial membrane is further stabilized, prohibiting apoptosis. (ctsqena.com)

Expression of the signature subunit ACF1 is restricted during embryonic development, but remains high in primordial germ cells. (cipsm.de)
It is more likely that the new technique will see immediate use in helping to accelerate understanding of how embryonic cells "reprogram" somatic cells to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
The researchers also performed fusion experiments using pelvic bone cells as the somatic cells and a different human embryonic cell line, to demonstrate that their technique was not restricted to one adult cell type or embryonic cell line. (news-medical.net)

Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma showing both mononucleate and binucleate Reed-Sternberg cells in a background of inflammatory cells (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification X200). (medscape.com)
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell malignancy with endemic, sporadic and immunodeficiency-associated variants. (bmj.com)
1 BL tumour cells usually express IgM, 13 - 15 B-cell markers such as CD19, CD20 and CD22 and markers of germinal centre (GC) centroblasts such as CD10, BCL6 4 and the human germinal centre-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein. (bmj.com)
Infants and children aged 0-14 years with Hodgkin lymphoma have EBV DNA in their HL-RSC cells more often than young adults aged 15-39 years with HL. (medscape.com)

Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)

The somatic cells commit suicide by a process known as apoptosis - programmed cell death - that I wrote about here. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Programmed cell death (PCD) occurs in many unicellular eukaryotes , including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . (freethoughtblogs.com)
Clinical trials of senescent cell clearance will be underway soon, funded by UNITY Biotechnology, and using drug candidates such as navitoclax developed in the cancer research community, noted for their ability to induce apoptosis , a form of programmed cell death . (lifeboat.com)
Furthermore, cell death in the ovary is defective in Bcl-2 family mutants. (biologists.com)
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs in a wide variety of physiological NIK settings, where its role is to remove harmful, damaged or unwanted cells. (bioinf.org)
The protein serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) plays an important role in averting cell death. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD). (agemed.org)
Require activations signal →protein cleavage within cell causing cell death. (howmed.net)
Death of inflammatory cells after inflammation. (howmed.net)
Jalali et al reported that levels of soluble programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ligands are elevated in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia and, in addition to surface-bound ligands in bone marrow, could regulate T-cell function. (medscape.com)
Before Hayflick's discovery, the prevailing view was that cells are immortal, and aging and death are a property of the organism as a whole. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
It is thereafter removed by programmed cell death. (ehu.eus)
Initial exponential tumor growth is followed by a plateau phase when cell death nearly equals the rate of formation of daughter cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)

Then, the C/EBP 3â UTR was found to directly inhibit the phosphorylation activity of protein kinase CPKC in SMMC-7721, a hepatocarcinoma cell line. (omicsonline.org)
The constantly active BCR-ABL1 protein signals cells to continue dividing abnormally and prevents them from self-destructing, which leads to overproduction of the abnormal cells and, eventually, a shortage of normal blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
HPV produces protein E6 which binds & inactivates apoptosis promoter p53. (howmed.net)
EBV produces protein similar to Bcl-2 & ↑own Bcl-2 make infected cell more resistant to apoptosis. (howmed.net)
Proteome Profiler Mouse Angiogenesis Array Kit (Catalog # ARY015) Desmoglein 3 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by regulating activator protein 1 and protein kinase C-dependent-Ezrin activation. (bnwax.com)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has increased over the past two decades. (hindawi.com)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of human malignancies, and its incidence appears to be increasing globally [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

As a result, the pathologic cells of LCH have been hypothesized to represent Langerhans cells in a state of arrested maturation. (medscape.com)

Exposure to a tumor promoter will evoke an altered response pattern wherein initiated cells, but not the normal population, are stimulated to grow. (bvsalud.org)
The signal to expand clonally can be provided either by direct stimulation of the initiated cell, or as an indirect result of the effects of the tumor promoter on the adjacent normal cells. (bvsalud.org)

Differentiated somatic cells can be reprogrammed into a pluripotent-like state through four defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Accumulation and deposition of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) within the mind causes neuronal apoptosis and finally results in Alzheimer's illness (AD). (ncbcs.org)

It turned out that old cells, on the one hand, act as tumor suppressors (since they irreversibly stop dividing themselves and reduce the risk of transformation of surrounding cells), and on the other hand, the specific metabolism of old cells can cause inflammation and degeneration of neighboring precancerous cells into malignant ones. (vechnayamolodost.ru)

Both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms determine distinct daughter cell fates after ACD. (elifesciences.org)

We speculate that the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to affect T-lymphocyte and myeloid cell physiology coupled with age-related maladaptive biological phenomena explain the strong association between advanced age and increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. (ersjournals.com)

It is a unique neoplasm in which the malignant cell, the Reed-Sternberg cell (RSC), represents only a small proportion of cells constituting the bulk of the tumor (see the image below). (medscape.com)
CTLs have got a crucial function by recognizing and getting rid of malignant cells potentially. (aboutsciencenow.info)
The working group of the Histiocyte Society has divided histocytic disorders into 3 groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)

In addition, we find a variety of unusual 16-cell cyst packaging phenotypes in the previously known Acf1 1 allele, with a striking prevalence of egg chambers with two functional oocytes at opposite poles. (cipsm.de)
So, while this does not obviate the need for human oocytes, it demonstrates that this general approach of cell fusion is an interesting one that should be further explored. (news-medical.net)

In chronic myeloid leukemia, the bone marrow produces too many white blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
However, as the condition progresses, immature white blood cells called myeloblasts (or blasts) accumulate in the blood and bone marrow. (medlineplus.gov)
In blast crisis, 30 percent or more of blood or bone marrow cells are myeloblasts. (medlineplus.gov)
A study by Pasricha et al found that bone marrow features, particularly the degree of plasma cell infiltration, correlates with IgM paraprotein concentration at diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Thus, evaluation of the plasma cell compartment in the bone marrow at baseline and after therapy may be helpful. (medscape.com)
Cancer cells, particularly those arising from the bone marrow or lymphatic system, may have a short generation time, and there usually are a smaller percentage of cells in G0 (resting phase). (msdmanuals.com)

We further explored the mechanism of DHX15 in apoptosis and found that overexpression of DHX15 activated NF-kB transcription. (oncotarget.com)

With aging, the cell stops dividing: it does not respond to growth factors and becomes resistant to apoptosis. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Components and strategies Cell tradition and establishment from the gefitinib- and erlotinib-resistant cell lines The and become highly delicate to gefitinib and erlotinib (15). (technuc.com)
Gefitinib- or erlotinib-resistant sublines of Personal Vinflunine Tartrate manufacture computer-9 had been established as referred to previously (16) and these resistant cells had been 100 times even more resistant to gefitinib and erlotinib weighed against parental cells. (technuc.com)
Further, oxidant-induced toxicity in the normal population may facilitate the clonal expansion of the more resistant initiated cell during promotion 2,5,29 . (bvsalud.org)

Particularly, by performing transcriptome analysis, we observed that several pluripotent transcriptional factors increase in knockout cell line, which explains the underlying loss of pluripotency in Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, the restoration of DHX15 expression rescued cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
The concentration of testosterone (ng/mL) was determined determined by this curve.CCK8 evaluation for cell viabilityCell viability was measured applying a Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) in line with the manufacturer's directions. (trpv1inhibitor.com)

However, unlike ABL1, it does not require signals in the cell to turn it on. (medlineplus.gov)

Cancer A clonal growth (cells all descended from one ancestral cell) that undergo continuing mitotic divisions and are not inhibited in their growth when they come in contact with neighboring cells (contact inhibition). (agemed.org)

Since mGLP-1 remedy elevated cytosolic cAMP focus in SH-SY5Y cells, we postulate that mGLP-1 could exert its affect through binding to GLP-1 receptors in SH-SY5Y cells and stimulating the manufacturing of cAMP. (ncbcs.org)
Additional pathways involved with innate immunity (Complement and Coagulation, Toll-like Receptors, NOD-like Receptors, and Cytosolic DNA-sensing), cell adhesion (Focal Adhesion, Cell Adhesion Molecule), and cytokines (Cytokine-cytokine Receptor). (biomedcentral.com)

Cells are collected from donor (a) and cultured in vitro (b). (biomedcentral.com)
The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)

They shorten with each cell division, however, and when they reach a critical length the cell stops dividing or dies. (answers.com.tn)

Anatomy50

Organisms13

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes73

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Proliferation19

Mutations12

Genes12

Hypermutation3

Mutation11

Normal somatic cells2

Genomic3

Cellular11

Stem44

Differentiation9

Induces2

Apoptotic10

Mouse somatic3

Block apoptosis1

Gene12

Tumor cells7

Fibroblast4

Mammalian4

Progression5

Defects3

Tissues8

Epithelial2

Hematopoietic2

Ovarian1

Resistance3

Tissue6

Senescence3

Germinal-center2

Proteins5

Pathway3

Endothelial8

Germ cell1

Regulation2

Telomeres3

Regulates1

Elegans2

Oncogenic1

Epigenetic5

Nuclei3

Nuclear5

Membrane3

Embryonic3

Lymphoma4

Chromosomes1

Death13

Survival1

Protein5

Renal Cell Carc2

Pathologic1

Promoter2

Regulate1

Neuronal1

Transformation1

Extrinsic1

Lymphocyte1

Malignant3

Oocytes2

Bone marrow6

Overexpression1

Resistant4

Pluripotency1

Viability2

ABL11

Mitotic1

Receptors2

Vitro2

Shorten1