Apoptosis antineoplastic agents. Medical search. Frequent questions

Flow cytometric analysis of annexin V binding/PI exclusion and DNA fragmentation disclosed that all these alkaloids could induce apoptosis in OCM-1 cells. (unideb.hu)
With a few exceptions, tumor cells throughout the body have cannabinoid receptors on their surface, and THC can bind to these receptors and induce apoptosis or programmed cell death. (projectcbd.org)
Either CB1, CB2, or both must be present in the tumor cells for THC to induce apoptosis in the tumor. (projectcbd.org)

This seminal observation instigated the ensuing decades of research that characterized the complex mechanisms of intrinsic cell death and lay the foundations for the development of therapeutics capable of restoring apoptosis in malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, it was suggested that the effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis induction are due to a reduced level of N-terminal acetylation of certain substrate proteins. (umassmed.edu)
BH3-mimetics are a novel drug class of small molecule inhibitors of BCL2 family proteins which restore apoptosis in malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In brief, apoptosis is triggered when "pro-death/damage sensing" BH3-only proteins activate the downstream effector molecules BAX and BAK, which dimerize on the mitochondrial outer membrane surface and permeabilize it, triggering the release of cytochrome C, caspase activation and committing the cell to programmed death. (biomedcentral.com)
BCL2 family proteins (BCL2, BCL-X L , MCL1, etc.) sequester BH3-only proteins and prevent apoptosis, and these anti-apoptotic properties are frequently upregulated in malignancy, making them an attractive therapeutic target [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Released from the inhibitory action of BCL2 and related proteins, these pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins are then able to activate BAX and BAK and initiate apoptosis (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Western blot analysis was performed to study Boswellia sacra essential oil-regulated proteins involved in apoptosis, signaling pathways, and cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
In the cytosol, Smac/DIABLO interacts and antagonizes inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), thus allowing the activation of caspases and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

MTX triggers neuronal apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress while destroying serotonergic neurons. (bvsalud.org)
The other major pathway leading to apoptosis is the intrinsic pathway, called the mitochondrial pathway. (mayo.edu)
This active principle would induce in particular apoptosis via mitochondrial death as well as the suppression of cellular mediators. (soin-et-nature.com)
Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase/direct inhibitor of apoptosis-binding protein with low pI (Smac/DIABLO) is a proapoptogenic mitochondrial protein that is released to the cytosol in response to diverse apoptotic stimuli, including commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs. (biomedcentral.com)

Induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis was observed in the MDA-MB-231 cells, through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway alone, or with the extrinsic pathway. (nih.gov)
Punicic acid, an important fatty acid in pomegranate seeds, was further found to induce intrinsic apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. (nih.gov)
Potential molecular mechanism supporting this synergistic effect was assessed with emphasis on determining whether the combination treatment enhanced inhibition of the anti-apoptotic signal transducers Akt and NF-kB leading to increased activation of caspase mediated apoptosis. (rgcb.res.in)
Unexpectedly, this molecule promotes a caspase-dependent apoptosis that is unusual in the P-glycoprotein-overexpressing cells. (torvergata.it)
Interestingly, leukemia MDR1-expressing cells show lower LC50 values and a higher degree of apoptosis and caspase-3 activity than their drug-sensitive counterparts. (torvergata.it)
2006). A strong glutathione S-transferase inhibitor overcomes the P-glycoprotein-mediated resistance in tumor cells - 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio)hexanol (NBDHEX) triggers a caspase-dependent apoptosis in MDR1-expressing leukemia cells. (torvergata.it)
As a potassium-specific ionophore, beauvericin A increases intracellular calcium concentrations and triggers DNA fragmentation and apoptosis through a calcium dependent caspase 3-sensitive pathway. (medindex.am)
Smac (Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase) protein, also known as DIABLO (Direct Inhibitor of Apoptosis-Binding protein with LOw pI), is codified by a nuclear gene. (biomedcentral.com)

Involvement of C/EBPβ-related signaling pathway in methamphetamine-induced neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
One pathway leading to apoptosis, the so-called extrinsic or death receptor pathway, involves tumor cell killing that is initiated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. (mayo.edu)
In addition, our recent studies have implicated the death receptor pathway in the TP53-independent anti-leukemic effects of inhibitors of the kinases Chk1, ATR and Wee1 as single agents. (mayo.edu)
The genetics of the p53 pathway, apoptosis and cancer therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
Apoptosis can be activated through two pathways: The extrinsic pathway (mediated by death receptors) or the intrinsic pathway (mediated by mitochondria). (biomedcentral.com)
The intrinsic pathway is induced by several different stimuli like antineoplastic drugs, hypoxia, irradiation, growth factor withdrawal and heat shock. (biomedcentral.com)

Therapy-related AML (t-AML) is a subtype of AML caused by prior treatment with certain antineoplastic drugs (eg, alkylating agents, hydroxyurea , and topoisomerase II inhibitors). (msdmanuals.com)
Most t-AMLs occur 3 to 10 years after initial therapy, with a longer latency for alkylating agents and hydroxyurea (mean latency 5 to 7 years) than for topoisomerase II inhibitors (mean latency 6 months to 3 years). (msdmanuals.com)

Decitabine is believed to exert its antineoplastic 2 effects after phosphorylation and direct incorporation into DNA and inhibition of DNA methyltransferase, causing hypomethylation of DNA and cellular differentiation or apoptosis. (ijpsr.com)

We hypothesized that C/EBPβ is involved in METH-induced DDIT4-mediated neuronal autophagy and Trib3-mediated neuronal apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)

α-TEA induces apoptosis via activation of extrinsic death receptors Fas (CD95) and DR5, JNK/p73/Noxa pathways, and suppression of anti-apoptotic mediators Akt, ERK, c-FLIP and survivin in breast, ovarian and prostate cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we demonstrate that α-TEA induces the accumulation of cell surface membrane ceramide, leading to co-localization with Fas, DR5, and FADD, followed by activation of caspases-8 and -9 and apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
inhibition of iASPP by RNA-mediated interference or antisense RNA in C. elegans or human cells, respectively, induces p53-dependent apoptosis. (ox.ac.uk)

Autophagy also regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis, highlighting its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
As it was also evidenced by light microscopic inspection of cellular morphology, chelidonine primarily caused apoptosis, while sanguinarine and chelerythrine were effective via a so-termed bimodal cell death (apoptosis and primary necrosis). (unideb.hu)
Microtubule binding drugs are of special interest as they have important roles in the modulation of cellular functions and many of them act as anticancer agents. (rgcb.res.in)
12287987 NMNC 1230 Pharmacology Antineoplastic and Biological Response Modifiers Answer Key excretion of cellular breakdown products and to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis. (studylib.net)
Boswellia sacra essential oil hydrodistilled at 100 o C was more potent than the essential oil prepared at 78 o C in inducing cancer cell death, preventing the cellular network formation (MDA-MB-231) cells on Matrigel, causing the breakdown of multicellular tumor spheroids (T47D cells), and regulating molecules involved in apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Using a cell apoptosis assay based on stimulation of a RANK:Fas fusion protein, and a cellular NF-kappaB signaling assay, we showed that R12-31 was agonist for both species. (cnrs.fr)
The effector caspases cleave their cellular specific substrates and generate the typical morphology of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
This protein family is comprised by X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), cellular IAP-1 (c-IAP1), cellular IAP-2 (c-IAP2), Testis specific IAP (Ts-IAP), survivin, livin and BRUCE/Apollon [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Most patients are treated with oral prednisone, with or without a cytotoxic/immunosuppressive agent, such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, or chlorambucil, or a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonist. (medscape.com)
4. Pharmaceuticals used to destroy cancer cells are called anticancer, chemotherapeutic, antineoplastic, or cytotoxic 5. (studylib.net)
Novel drugs that show considerably stronger cytotoxic activity in 3-D culture compared to standard agents can be identified. (hoajonline.com)
These old drugs, developed as cytotoxic agents and nearly abandoned decades ago were resurrected by the renewed interest in DNA methylation. (aacrjournals.org)
To understand how cytotoxic agent-induced cancer cell death affects the immune system is of fundamental importance to stimulate immune response to counteract the high mortality due to cancer. (hal.science)

Elimination of BCR/ABL-dependent intracellular signals triggers apoptosis, but it is unclear whether this activates additional cell survival and/or death pathways. (lu.se)

The aim of this study is to examine the protective effects of CBD treatment in various brain structures from MTX damage and to evaluate the effect of intracellular pathways involved in apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
These toxic effects occur through alterations in intracellular calcium regulation, elevated cell stress and oxidative damage, and increased apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
IM-induced autophagy did not involve c-Abl or Bcl-2 activity but was associated with ER stress and was suppressed by depletion of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting it is mechanistically nonoverlapping with IM-induced apoptosis. (lu.se)

Combined with the other studies in the Anticancer Drug Action Lab, our studies of apoptotic pathways are providing new insight into factors that govern cancer cell sensitivity to targeted anti-cancer agents and immunotherapy, while also elucidating the mechanisms of resistance to a variety of novel anti-cancer agents. (mayo.edu)

Triggering the induction of apoptosis or reducing the proliferative rate will potentially be helpful for cancer treatment. (umassmed.edu)
Mohanty C, Fayad W, Olofsson MH, Larsson R, De Milito A, Fryknäs M and Linder ST. Massive induction of apoptosis of multicellular tumor spheroids by a novel compound with a calmodulin inhibitor-like mechanism . (hoajonline.com)
β-peltatin initially arrested PAC cells at G2/M phase, followed by apoptosis induction. (biomedcentral.com)

Sorafenib is available in 200-mg tablets for oral administrationand is used in the treatment of RCC and colon cancer.The agent is classified as a multikinase inhibitor because ofits action on numerous kinase enzymes including thePDGF-R, VEGF-R, Kit, and Raf. (guidechem.com)
BLENREP is indicated as monotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma in adult patients, who have received at least four prior therapies and whose disease is refractory to at least one proteasome inhibitor, one immunomodulatory agent, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, and who have demonstrated disease progression on the last therapy. (medicines.org.uk)
Functional knockdown of ASMase with either the chemical inhibitor, desipramine, or siRNA markedly reduces α-TEA-induced cell surface membrane accumulation of ceramide and its co-localization with Fas, DR5, and FADD, cleavage of caspases-8 and -9 and apoptosis, suggesting an early and critical role for ASMase in α-TEA-induced apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

In cisplatin-resistant cell lines, BT potentiated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity at most drug ratios via enhanced ROS generation and modulation of key regulators of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Increased expression of iASPP also confers resistance to ultraviolet radiation and to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. (ox.ac.uk)

Our previous study has shown that CCAAT-enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is an important regulator in METH-induced neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
We tested our hypothesis by examining the effects of silencing C/EBPβ, DDIT4, Trib3 or α-syn with small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) on METH-induced autophagy and apoptosis in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. (cancerindex.org)

[ 10 , 12 ] G-CSF suppresses apoptosis and prolongs the survival of neutrophils in vivo in a CD34 + cell population. (medscape.com)

The present invention isa new solid phase method for the preparation of DAT to make this lead molecule as a new class of small molecules as a potent antimitotic agents for the control of cytoskeletal functions and cell proliferation. (rgcb.res.in)
Alpha-tocopherol ether-linked acetic acid (α-TEA), an analog of vitamin E (RRR-alpha-tocopherol), is a potent and selective apoptosis-inducing agent for human cancer cells in vivo and in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Recent reports have identified a redox-silent analogue of VE, α -tocopheryl succinate ( α -TOS), as a potent anticancer agent with a unique structure and pharmacokinetics in vivo . (nature.com)

We determined the possible contribution of apoptosis to the observed decrease in cell growth and found that three compounds, EGCG, kaempferol, and, in particular, punicic acid, induced DNA fragmentation after a 24 h treatment, at concentrations in the 10-100 μM range. (nih.gov)
Apoptosis was assayed by genomic DNA fragmentation. (biomedcentral.com)

Evasion of apoptosis and active cell proliferation are among the characteristics of cancer cells. (umassmed.edu)
The current study demonstrated that PD markedly inhibited PAC cell proliferation and triggered their apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Potential synergistic effects of various combinations including these compounds were tested by measuring cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
Abnormal proliferation, clonal expansion, aberrant differentiation, and diminished apoptosis (programmed cell death) lead to replacement of normal blood elements with malignant cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Cancer cells share six features that distinguish them from normal cells: Autocrine production of growth signals, inability to respond to anti-growth signals, sustained angiogenesis, limitless replicative potential, tissue invasion and metastasis, and apoptosis avoidance [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Cannabidiol (CBD) is an agent known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects in various tissues. (bvsalud.org)
There is a growing body of anecdotal and scientific evidence that the "major cannabinoids" tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), certain "minor cannabinoids" (some without a name), and other cannabis compounds have antineoplastic action against cancer cells. (projectcbd.org)
Although, non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) display antineoplastic effects by repressing tumor growth and angiogenesis both in cell line and animal models, their use as chemotherapeutic agents is awaiting further investigation. (frontiersin.org)

Enhanced apoptosis was correlated with loss of pro-survival factors (XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL), expression of pro-apoptotic markers (caspases 3/7, PARP cleavage) and enhanced cell cycle regulators p21 and p27. (biomedcentral.com)

Initially identified as the fusion partner of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus in the classic t(14;18) translocation of follicular lymphoma (FL), BCL2 overexpression was recognized to confer resistance to apoptosis [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Subsequent treatment with second-line or third-line agents (after interim non-platinum therapy) results in less than 33% response rate due to the increase of resistance to these drugs [ 6 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

12287987 NMNC 1230 Pharmacology Antineoplastic and Biological Response Modifiers Answer Key 1 Define the following terms: 1. (studylib.net)
12287987 NMNC 1230 Pharmacology Antineoplastic and Biological Response Modifiers Answer Key 3 greater, brimmed hats, and lightweight, long-sleeved shirts). (studylib.net)

Although most of the studies presented here demonstrated the antineoplastic effects of individual or isolated cannabinoids, most of this research points to what lay healers and patients who make and use their own cannabis oil already know: the whole cannabis plant, including hemp varieties, every part of them, contain antineoplastic compounds that together kill cancer. (projectcbd.org)
A chemical library was used to screen for compounds capable of reducing viability and inducing apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells grown as multicellular spheroids. (hoajonline.com)
Great hope has been given to micronutrients as anticancer agents, since they present natural compounds with beneficial effects for normal cells and tissues. (nature.com)

Several preliminary studies have demonstrated that the addition of cytokines (eg, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF], granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]) may hasten the neutrophil recovery and that these agents may improve response rate and survival, although long-term use may increase the risk of clonal evolution. (medscape.com)

The final result is inhibition of cell growth or stimulation of apoptosis, cell suicide. (wikipedia.org)

Drugs that exert their influence during a specific phase(s) of the cell cycle are called Cell cycle -specific (CCS) drugs and include antimetabolites, some alkylating agents and vinca alkaloids. (studylib.net)
7. Drugs that exert their influence during any phase of the cell cycle are called Cell cycle nonspecific (CCNS) drugs and include Alkylating agents, hormones and anti-tumor antibiotics. (studylib.net)
Earlier studies from Dr. Kaufmann's Anticancer Drug Action Lab provided some of the first biochemical evidence that conventional and targeted anti-cancer drugs induce programed cell death, also called apoptosis, in susceptible cells. (mayo.edu)

As an alkylating agent, the mechanism of action of the active metabolites may involve cross-linking of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which may interfere with the growth of normal and neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
The benzophenanthridine alkaloids sanguinarine, chelerythrine and chelidonine were reported previously to provoke cell death in a variety of tumor cells suggesting their potential application as anticancer agents. (unideb.hu)
Cyclophosphamide/Alkylating Agent Concept/Action/Use Assessment Immunity CCNS Damage cell's DNA preventing reproduction of cancer cells. (studylib.net)
Furthermore, hARD1 knockdown induced apoptosis or sensitized cells to drug induced apoptosis. (umassmed.edu)
Interestingly, quiescent cells in spheroid cores were resistant to NSC647889-induced apoptosis and appeared to die by other mechanisms. (hoajonline.com)
These changes produce "immortal" white blood cells, in which the mechanisms of programmed cell death (apoptosis) are inactivated. (pocketdrugguide.com)
We show that both treatments were able to induce PEL apoptosis with similar kinetics and promote dendritic cells (DC) maturation. (hal.science)
Binds to CD20 on pre-B and mature B -cells inducing apoptosis and possibly ADCC and CDC. (evidentic.com)
Prevention of raft reorganization into larger platforms by inactivation of acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), renders cells resistant to Fas clustering and apoptosis [ 9 ], indicating that ASMase/ceramide plays an important role in death receptor-mediated apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor cells are subjected to stressful internal and external environments, but nevertheless are resistant to apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

It has been shown that, due to its α -tocopheryl moiety, the agent activates protein phosphatase-2A that, in turn, inhibits protein kinase C (PKC). (nature.com)

Goodman, Gilman, and others began studying nitrogen mustards at Yale in 1942, and, following the sometimes dramatic but highly variable responses of experimental tumors in mice to treatment, these agents were first tested in humans late that year. (wikipedia.org)
Interestingly, many tumors with a high level of malignancy and a tendency to metastasize have high levels of cannabinoid receptors, making them particularly vulnerable to cannabinoid-induced apoptosis. (projectcbd.org)

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antineoplastic agent and has neurotoxic effects. (bvsalud.org)

Apoptosis: cell death 3. (studylib.net)

These agents have anti-inflammatory properties and cause profound and varied metabolic effects. (medscape.com)

This agent decreases inflammation by suppressing the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and reducing capillary permeability. (medscape.com)
It exerts its toxic effect on the brain by triggering inflammation and apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
Although it was not statistically significant, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were reduced, as were other histopathological indicators, in the group that received LRD (0.5 mg/kg). (bvsalud.org)
Inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were found to be statistically reduced and corroborated by histological findings in the group given LRD (2 mg/kg). (bvsalud.org)

Taxol is the best anticancer agent ever been isolated from plants, but its major disadvantage is the dose limiting toxicity. (rgcb.res.in)

Future pre-clinical and clinical studies are urgently needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Boswellia sacra essential oil as a therapeutic agent for treating breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

Before their use in chemotherapy, alkylating agents were better known for their use as sulfur mustard, ("mustard gas") and related chemical weapons in World War I. The nitrogen mustards were the first alkylating agents used medically, as well as the first modern cancer chemotherapies. (wikipedia.org)
These publications spurred rapid advancement in the previously non-existent field of cancer chemotherapy, and a wealth of new alkylating agents with therapeutic effect were discovered over the following two decades. (wikipedia.org)
This protocol, consists of radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with temozolomide, an alkylating agent. (scirp.org)
The use of two or more chemotherapy agents is referred to as combination therapy 6. (studylib.net)

Also, this agent has an additional immunosuppressive effect. (medscape.com)

Taken together, these studies demonstrate that ASMase activation and membrane ceramide accumulation are early events contributing to α-TEA-induced apoptosis in vitro and perhaps in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

Our results demonstrate that Pulsatillae chinensis and particularly its bioactive ingredient β-peltatin suppress PAC by triggering cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (medicalterminologydb.com)

An alkylating antineoplastic agent is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment that attaches an alkyl group (CnH2n+1) to DNA. (wikipedia.org)
It useful in treatment of Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and antineoplastic agent. (ijpsr.com)
Prevention and treatment of injury from chemical warfare agents. (cdc.gov)

Nitrogen mustards Cyclophosphamide - the most widely used alkylating agent of modern times. (wikipedia.org)

In addition to inducing apoptosis when binding to a cancer cell, THC may also help relieve pain. (projectcbd.org)

Anatomy17

Organisms11

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs130

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science3

Named Groups1

Health Care7

Induce apoptosis3

Restoring apoptosis in malignant cells1

Proteins7

Mitochondrial4

Caspase8

Pathway6

Inhibitors2

Phosphorylation1

Neuronal apoptosis1

Induces3

Cellular8

Cytotoxic5

Triggers1

Intracellular3

Pathways1

Induction3

Inhibitor3

Cisplatin2

Autophagy2

Suppresses1

Potent3

Fragmentation2

Proliferation4

Metastasis1

Cannabidiol3

XIAP1

Resistance2

Pharmacology2

Compounds3

Survival1

Inhibition1

Drugs3

Cells10

Activates1

Tumors2

Methotrexate1

Death1

Effects1

Inflammation4

Anticancer agent1

Breast Cancer1

Chemotherapy4

Immunosuppressive1

Activation1

Cell cycle2

Treatment3

Nitrogen1

Cancer1