CholesterolLipoproteinsApoEFamilial hypercholesterolemiaTriglyceridesMRNAProteinsFHBLMutationsApoA1ChylomicronsReceptorPolymorphismsBiomarkersB100Lipid-transportSerumParticlesIntestineCardiovascular riskLevelsAnalyzeConcentrationRiskAminoMetabolismLiverHumanBaselineSeverityHumansMinimizeTotalTypeIncreasesSevereLevel
Cholesterol21
- All of these protein changes lead to a reduction of functional apolipoprotein B. As a result, the transportation of dietary fats and cholesterol is decreased or absent. (medlineplus.gov)
- People who followed a vegan or vegetarian diet had lower blood levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B (apoB) than people who followed an omnivore diet, in a new meta-analysis of 30 trials. (medscape.com)
- Probiotics may also help with other conditions, such as gum disease and allergies, and may slightly lower blood pressure and cholesterol (LDL and apoB) levels. (consumerlab.com)
- Disease activity (DAS28) and plasma lipoproteins concentrations (total, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, ApoA, ApoB) were assessed in 55 RA patients and 55 controls. (bmj.com)
- ApoB is the main apolipoprotein of LDL cholesterol and is responsible for the transport of cholesterol to tissues. (bakeryandsnacks.com)
- Improvements in total cholesterol, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B (apoB) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to baseline. (newhope.com)
- High LDL cholesterol and ApoB are recognized key risk biomarkers that contribute to vascular plaque formation and the development of atherosclerosis. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
- When combined, LPLDL and K2Vital Delta are formulated to synergistically work to support healthy cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and calcium deposits in the arteries. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
- Apolipoprotein A is a protein carried in HDL ('good') cholesterol. (healthmatters.io)
- Studies have shown that the ratio of apolipoprotein A-1:apolipoprotein B may correlate better with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) than total cholesterol, and LDL:HDL ratio. (healthmatters.io)
- Apolipoprotein B is a protein that is a component of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), also known as "bad cholesterol. (wittmerrejuvenationclinic.com)
- After 16 weeks of atherogenic diet (0.1% cholesterol, 10% calories from palm oil) consumption, LDLr-/- LCAT-/- double knockout mice, compared with LDLr-/- mice, had similar plasma concentrations of free (FC), esterified (EC), and apoB lipoprotein cholesterol, increased plasma concentrations of phospholipid and triglyceride, decreased HDL cholesterol, and 2-fold more aortic FC (142 +/- 28 versus 61 +/- 20 mg/g protein) and EC (102 +/- 27 versus 61+/- 27 mg/g). (eurekamag.com)
- ApoE-/- LCAT-/- mice fed the atherogenic diet, compared with apoE-/- mice, had higher concentrations of plasma FC, EC, apoB lipoprotein cholesterol, and phospholipid, and significantly more aortic FC (149 +/- 62 versus 109 +/- 33 mg/g) and EC (101 +/- 23 versus 69 +/- 20 mg/g) than did the apoE-/- mice. (eurekamag.com)
- We conclude that LCAT deficiency in LDLr-/- and apoE-/- mice fed an atherogenic diet resulted in increased aortic cholesterol deposition, likely due to a reduction in plasma HDL, an increased saturation of cholesteryl esters in apoB lipoproteins and, in the apoE-/- background, an increased plasma concentration of apoB lipoproteins. (eurekamag.com)
- Apolipoprotein B Test determines inadequate cholesterol levels and your risks of cardiac problems. (redcliffelabs.com)
- Individuals with a high level of fats, including cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, need to go for Apolipoprotein B Testing. (redcliffelabs.com)
- Subjects with hyperhomocysteinaemia had significantly elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B and lower vitamin B levels compared with subjects with 12 normohomocysteinaemia. (who.int)
- Hcy levels correlated with total cholesterol ( r = 0.09), apolipoprotein A ( r = 0.012), and B ( r = 0.013) levels and total/HDL cholesterol ratio ( r = -0.085). (who.int)
- Although heterozygotes are usually asymptomatic, they exhibit decreased LDL cholesterol and apoB levels and possibly have a decreased risk of atherosclerosis. (medscape.com)
- These particles consist of a core of cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by a monolayer of free cholesterol, phospholipids, and proteins (apolipoproteins). (medscape.com)
- The apolipoproteins have a primary responsibility for the transport of lipids and cholesterol. (medscape.com)
Lipoproteins11
- Apolipoprotein B-100, which is produced in the liver, is a component of several other types of lipoproteins. (medlineplus.gov)
- The normal-length apolipoprotein B-48 can form chylomicrons normally, but the abnormally short apolipoprotein B-100 produced in the liver is less able to produce lipoproteins. (medlineplus.gov)
- Vegetarian and vegan diets were associated with a 14% reduction in all artery-clogging lipoproteins as indicated by apoB," senior author Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, DMSc, PhD, Rigshospitalet, and professor, University of Copenhagen, said in a press release from her university. (medscape.com)
- Jenny Kanter and Karin Bornfeldt of the University of Washington School of Medicine have shown previously that the low insulin levels characteristic of diabetes lead to increased levels of apolipoprotein C3, or APOC3, and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, or TRLs, as well as accelerated atherosclerosis. (asbmb.org)
- The researchers found that APOC3 and APOB colocalize in atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta, supporting their hypothesis that the lipoproteins containing APOC3 particles could be these TRLs and RLPs. (asbmb.org)
- Plasma phospholipid levels are very low, while plasma apolipoprotein B, chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are absent. (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) is a building block of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs), and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). (healthmatters.io)
- LCAT deficiency resulted in a 12-fold increase in the ratio of saturated + monounsaturated to polyunsaturated cholesteryl esters in apoB lipoproteins in LDLr-/- mice and a 3-fold increase in the apoE-/- mice compared with their counterparts with active LCAT. (eurekamag.com)
- Other apolipoproteins (A, C, D, E, and their subtypes) are soluble and are exchanged between lipoproteins during metabolism. (medscape.com)
- ApoB-100 is carried on VLDL and the lipoproteins derived from its metabolism, including VLDL remnants or intermediate-density lipoprotein and LDL. (medscape.com)
- Data on plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, correlations with lipids and lipoproteins stratified by APOE genotype, and risk of ischemic heart disease. (cdc.gov)
ApoE9
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia results from mutations in the LDL receptor, ApoB, PCSK9, and ApoE genes. (hindawi.com)
- E1/E2 heterodimer binds host apolipoproteins such as APOB and APOE thereby forming a lipo-viro-particle (LVP) (PubMed:25122793, PubMed:29695434, PubMed:24838241). (proteopedia.org)
- The interaction between E2 and host apolipoprotein E/APOE allows the proper assembly, maturation and infectivity of the viral particles (PubMed:25122793, PubMed:29695434). (proteopedia.org)
- Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid-transport protein abundantly expressed in most neurons in the central nervous system. (dovepress.com)
- The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is located on chromosome 19 and encodes a glycoprotein that is 299 amino acids long. (dovepress.com)
- We have investigated whether immunization with oxLDL might also prevent uraemia-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice. (lu.se)
- ApoE-/- mice were immunized with either native LDL (n = 25), Cu2+-oxidized LDL (n = 25), PBS (n = 25), the apolipoprotein B-derived peptide P45 (apoB-peptide P45) conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) (n = 25) or BSA (n = 25) prior to induction of uraemia by 5/6 nephrectomy (NX). (lu.se)
- Immunization with the apoB-peptide P45, which consistently reduces classical atherosclerosis in non-uraemic mice, also did not reduce lesion size in uraemic apoE-/- mice. (lu.se)
- Apolipoprotein Gene Polymorphisms (APOB, APOC111, APOE) in the Development of Coronary Heart Disease in Ethnic Groups of Kazakhstan. (cdc.gov)
Familial hypercholesterolemia4
- More than 100 mutations in the APOB gene are known to cause familial hypercholesterolemia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Most people with familial hypercholesterolemia inherit one altered copy of the APOB gene from an affected parent and one normal copy of the gene from the other parent. (medlineplus.gov)
- Rarely, a person with familial hypercholesterolemia is born with two mutated copies of the APOB gene. (medlineplus.gov)
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) due to a founder variant in Apolipoprotein B (ApoB R3500Q ) is reported in 12% of the Pennsylvania Amish community. (clinicforspecialchildren.org)
Triglycerides1
- non-HDL or apoB are the preferred indicators, especially if triglycerides are ≥1.5 mmol/L. (therapeuticresearch.com)
MRNA7
- The apolipoprotein B (apoB) 5′ UTR cis regulatory element is an RNA element located in the 5′ UTR of the human apoB mRNA. (wikipedia.org)
- To assess the effects of these mutations on apoB pre-mRNA splicing. (bmj.com)
- ApoB mRNA was analysed in the liver of one proband and in cells expressing APOB minigenes harbouring the mutations found in the other probands. (bmj.com)
- In the liver of the c.3843−2A→G carrier, an apoB mRNA devoid of exon 25 was identified, predicted to encode a truncated peptide of 1260 amino acids. (bmj.com)
- The analysis of minigene transcripts in COS-1 cells showed that the c.904+4A→G mutation caused the formation of an mRNA devoid of exon 8, predicted to encode a short apoB of 247 amino acids. (bmj.com)
- This domain is found at the N terminus of the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme. (embl.de)
- Apobec-1 catalyzes C to U editing of apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA in the mammalian intestine. (embl.de)
Proteins1
- Production of the proteins, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), the major component of HDL, and apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the main component of LDL, were studied. (chemistryviews.org)
FHBL7
- More than 120 mutations in the APOB gene have been found to cause familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL), a disorder that impairs the body's ability to absorb and transport fat. (medlineplus.gov)
- Most APOB gene mutations that cause FHBL lead to the production of apolipoprotein B that is abnormally short. (medlineplus.gov)
- Familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia (FHBL) is a codominant disorder characterised by fatty liver and reduced plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its protein constituent apolipoprotein B (apoB). (bmj.com)
- FHBL is linked to the APOB gene in some but not all known cases. (bmj.com)
- In a group of 59 patients with FHBL genotyped for APOB gene mutations, we found three novel splice-site mutations: c.904+4A→G in intron 8, c.3843−2A→G in intron 24 and c.4217−1G→T in intron 25. (bmj.com)
- These findings demonstrate the pathogenic effect of rare splice-site mutations of the APOB gene found in FHBL. (bmj.com)
- FHBL is caused by an autosomal, codominant mutation in the gene for apoB ( APOB ), which is carried on chromosome 2. (medscape.com)
Mutations3
- The presence of two APOB gene mutations results in a more severe form of hypercholesterolemia that usually appears in childhood. (medlineplus.gov)
- The severity of the condition largely depends on the length of the abnormal apolipoprotein B. Some mutations in the APOB gene lead to the production of a protein that is shorter than apolipoprotein B-100, but longer than apolipoprotein B-48. (medlineplus.gov)
- Other mutations result in a protein that is shorter than both apolipoprotein B-48 and apolipoprotein B-100. (medlineplus.gov)
ApoA13
- Hepatic expression of fatty acid binding protein (FABP), very low density apolipoprotein II (ApoVLDL-II) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) genes increased in both ad lib and restricted breeders following photo-stimulation, whereas apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) gene expression declined in both groups. (usda.gov)
- Polyphenols from cocoa powder increased ApoA1 levels and decreased ApoB levels in both the liver and intestine. (chemistryviews.org)
- An inverse association was also found between birth weight and the apoB/apoA1 ratio, a marker of cardiovascular risk. (lu.se)
Chylomicrons1
- Apolipoprotein B is a major protein constituent of chylomicrons (apo B-48), LDL (apo B-100) and VLDL (apo B-100). (assaygenie.com)
Receptor1
- Apo B-100 functions as a recognition signal for the cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles by the apoB/E receptor. (assaygenie.com)
Polymorphisms1
- Benn M, Nordestgaard BG, Jensen JS, Tybjaerg-Hansen A. Polymorphisms in apolipoprotein B and risk of ischemic stroke. (prosci-inc.com)
Biomarkers1
- Novel biomarkers of risk, such as apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and ApoB (2), and the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and homocysteine (3-5), have been proposed. (cdc.gov)
B1001
- Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) is composed of a low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle with an apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B100) component that is covalently linked via a disulfide bridge to an apolipoprotein (a) molecule, which is highly homologous to plasminogen. (medscape.com)
Lipid-transport1
- LDL and its major protein, apolipoprotein B, play an essential role in lipid transport and metabolism. (healthmatters.io)
Serum1
- In an immunochemical reaction, Apolipoprotein B in the human serum sample form immune complexes with specific antibodies. (cdc.gov)
Particles1
- Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) is a protein that helps to transport lipid particles throughout the body. (requestatest.com)
Intestine2
- Apolipoprotein B-48 is produced in the intestine, where it is a building block of a type of lipoprotein called a chylomicron. (medlineplus.gov)
- In these cases, normal apolipoprotein B-48 is still made in the intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
Cardiovascular risk1
- Plasma concentration of Apolipoprotein B and Lipoprotein a are strongest predictors of cardiovascular risk events. (natap.org)
Levels5
- Levels of the apolipoprotein B (ApoB) also increased for the EPA/DHA group by 14 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL) and 12 mg/dL compared to oleic acid and ALA-rich diet, respectively. (bakeryandsnacks.com)
- Apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels are used to evaluate the risk for cardiovascular disease. (healthmatters.io)
- There are many other ways one can improve Apolipoprotein B Levels . (redcliffelabs.com)
- Give appropriate measurements of Apolipoprotein B levels in your blood. (redcliffelabs.com)
- Plasma levels of apolipoprotein E and risk of ischemic heart disease in the general population. (cdc.gov)
Analyze2
- The analyst should use the special sampling weights in this file to analyze Apolipoprotein B (ApoB). (cdc.gov)
- Apolipoprotein B , also known as the ApoB test , helps doctors analyze whether you are at risk of cardiac diseases or not. (redcliffelabs.com)
Concentration1
- The intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the concentration of Apolipoprotein B in the sample. (cdc.gov)
Risk7
- In the search for a more accurate way to screen for CVD risk Apolipoprotein B or Apo B has become a frontrunner. (requestatest.com)
- An increased level of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), which is the main protein of HDL, has also been found to increase breast cancer risk. (news-medical.net)
- Comparatively, an increased level of apolipoprotein B ( apoB) has been found to reduce breast cancer risk. (news-medical.net)
- FRS 5% to 9 .9% with LDL ≥3.5 mmol/L or apoB ≥1.05 g/L or HDL ≥4.2 mmol/L, especially with risk modifiers (e.g. (therapeuticresearch.com)
- In this way, apolipoprotein A can help to lower your risk for cardiovascular disease. (healthmatters.io)
- The apolipoprotein-b test measures LDL-C and non- HDL-C indicating the enhanced risk of cardiovascular disorders. (redcliffelabs.com)
- Association between Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and myocardial infarction risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
Amino2
- Each mutation that causes this condition changes a single protein building block (amino acid) in a critical region of apolipoprotein B-100. (medlineplus.gov)
- ApoB-100, which is synthesized by the liver, is larger than apoB-48, being made up of 4536 amino acids. (medscape.com)
Metabolism1
- these apolipoproteins have lipid-soluble segments, the beta apolipoproteins, which remain part of the lipoprotein throughout its metabolism. (medscape.com)
Liver1
- Apolipoprotein B-100 allows LDLs to attach to specific receptors on the surface of cells, particularly in the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
Human3
- Buy Human Apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) from Lee Biosolutions. (leebio.com)
- Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein B-100 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Glu28-Ser127 is expressed with a 6His tag at the N-terminus. (assaygenie.com)
- Once optimized the production system, a broad characterization of two novel recombinant peptides, previously identified in human Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), was performed. (unina.it)
Baseline1
- There was a significant decrease in ApoB-100 and malondialdehyde compared to baseline values and compared to the control group. (who.int)
Severity1
- Relation between Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Acute Myocardial Infarction. (cdc.gov)
Humans1
- Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is a nonexchangeable lipoprotein that exists in two forms in humans, apoB-100 and apoB-48. (medscape.com)
Minimize1
- Thus, you should go for Apolipoprotein B Test early to find the problem and minimize health complications. (redcliffelabs.com)
Total1
- Apolipoprotein B is the main protein component of LDL and accounts for approximately 95% of the total protein content of LDL. (cdc.gov)
Type2
- Each lipoprotein is characterized by its lipid composition and by the type and number of apolipoproteins it possesses. (medscape.com)
- Apolipoprotein E2 Genotype Is Associated with a 2-Fold Increase in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from a Long-Term Observational Study. (cdc.gov)
Increases1
- This structured element increases translation of the apoB protein or a reporter gene. (wikipedia.org)
Severe1
- Generally, if both versions of the protein are shorter than apolipoprotein B-48, the signs and symptoms are more severe than if some normal length apolipoprotein B-48 is produced. (medlineplus.gov)
Level2
- The Apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) test is a blood test that measures the level of apolipoprotein B in the blood. (wittmerrejuvenationclinic.com)
- Among men, Canadian Community Health Survey, the prevalence of factors were age, apolipoprotein A1 level, apolipoprotein B obesity among people who self-identified as Aboriginal level, and insulin resistance. (cdc.gov)