Ap 1 transcription factors transcription factor ap 1. Medical search. Frequent questions

Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, growth factors, stress, and bacterial and viral infections. (wikipedia.org)
The objective of the present study was to investigate the time-dependent regulation by epicatechin on the activity of the main transcription factors (NF-kB, activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2p45-related factor (Nrf2)) related to antioxidant defence and survival and proliferation pathways in HepG2 cells. (udl.cat)
This TF induction was dependent on signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 signaling and poly ADP ribose polymerase activity. (haematologica.org)
This is an all-inclusive cell-based luciferase reporter assay kit targeting the Human Activator Protein-1 (AP-1). (indigobiosciences.com)
INDIGO's AP-1 reporter assay utilizes proprietary mammalian cells that have been engineered to provide constitutive expression of the Human Activator Protein-1 (AP-1). (indigobiosciences.com)
In addition to AP-1 Reporter Cells, this kit provides two optimized media for use during cell culture and in diluting the user's test samples, a reference activator, Luciferase Detection Reagent, and a cell culture-ready assay plate. (indigobiosciences.com)
Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)

The structure of AP-1 is a heterodimer composed of proteins belonging to the c-Fos, c-Jun, ATF and JDP families. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic instability of tumor cells may lead to altered expression of apoptotic proteins and immune-regulatory molecules, such as transforming growth factor-beta. (medscape.com)
NF-AT proteins function in both signal transduction and transcription control. (bdbiosciences.com)
Various growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins are substrates for meprins. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Topical retinoids also demonstrate inhibition of various immune factors, including the activity of leukocytes, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other mediators, and the expression of transcription factors and toll receptors involved in immunomodulation (Wolf, 2002). (medscape.com)
AP-1 is activated by a variety of physiological and environmental stimuli such as growth factors, cytokines, stress, ultraviolet radiation, and bacterial and viral infections. (indigobiosciences.com)

Time-dependent activation of the AP-1 pathway, in concert with enhanced c-Jun nuclear levels and induction of Nrf2 translocation and phosphorylation were also demonstrated. (udl.cat)
CC10 is regulated by AP-1, octamer , and hepat ocyte nuclear factor-3 (HNF-3) family transcription factors. (ihcworld.com)
Compared with the control group, the expression of NOX2, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and Snail was increased in vivo and in vitro but decreased with TMZ treatment. (dovepress.com)
Instead, TWHF partially inhibited DNA binding capacity of cytokine-stimulated activating protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors. (aspetjournals.org)

[ 12 ] part of the AP-1 transcription factor complex involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, in virtually all CD30 + lymphomas. (medscape.com)
The variety of AP-1 dimer configurations confer versatility to this transcription factor in regulating numerous physiological (cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration) and pathological activities (cancer, inflammation, transplant rejection) in the cell. (indigobiosciences.com)
The WT1 protein mediates the mesenchymal-epithelial transition and differentiation during morphogenesis of the kidney and gonad by repressing genes that encode cell proliferation factors and by activating genes that encode markers of epithelial cell differentiation. (medscape.com)

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that overexpression of TrkB and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and AP-1, which may in turn induce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin 8, may mediate the cardinal clinical features of locally aggressive growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. (duke.edu)

AP-1 transcription is deeply involved in the modulation of gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, they can regulate gene expression by inhibiting the activity of other transcription factors, such as AP-1. (medscape.com)
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To identify the genes involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis, we analyzed the gene expression profiles between highly metastatic Colo357L3.6pl and parental Colo357FG pancreatic cancer cell lines using cDNA microarrays and confirmed differential gene expression by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and immunologic analysis of 54 samples from pancreatic cancer patients. (duke.edu)
Protein expression was investigated by ELISA and immunofluorescence, transcription factor-DNA binding by ELISA, gene expression by real-time PCR, prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) by radioimmunoassay, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production by fluorometry. (karger.com)
Immunoflourescence images of expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 showing thealteration of key protein markers of antioxidant gene expression, read more in 'Melatonin targets ferroptosis through bimodal alteration of redox environment and cellular pathways in NAFLD model' from Saha et al, in this edition of Bioscience Reports. (portlandpress.com)

Specifically, regions that are accessible to the AP-1 family members BATF and JUN were significantly enriched from days two to four after infection, hinting at key roles for AICEs in target genes in the NK cell response to MCMV (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
The AP-1 transcription complex controls the expression of a subset of genes that are expressed early in response to extracellular mitogenic stimuli or to stress. (medscape.com)
The NF-AT family of transcription factors are regulators of early immune response genes in T cells following their activation by CD40L, FasL and interleukins including IL-2, -3, -4 and -5. (bdbiosciences.com)
In vitro , NF-AT cooperates with the mitogenic transcription factor AP-1 to induce multiple cytokine genes. (bdbiosciences.com)
Exons 1-6 of the WT1 gene encode the regulatory domain, which regulates expression of target genes, and exons 7-10 encode the 4 zinc fingers of the DNA-binding region of the WT1 protein. (medscape.com)

AP-1 controls a number of cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
AP-1 transcription factor has been shown to have a hand in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)

Alternative polarization with interleukin-4 and IL-13 led to a macrophage phenotype characterized by increased tissue factor (TF) production and release and by an increase in extracellular vesicle production. (haematologica.org)
Furthermore, interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor were more strongly expressed in Colo357L3.6pl than Colo357FG cells, and these findings were confirmed in Colo357L3.6pl and Colo357FG orthotopic tumors. (duke.edu)
Chondrocytes from OA patients were used in primary culture and stimulated with 10 ng/ml interleukin(IL)-1β in the presence or absence of AD-MSC microvesicles, exosomes or conditioned medium. (karger.com)
Here, we show that in primary human femoral head osteoarthritic and normal bovine chondrocytes, TWHF partially or completely inhibited mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-17-inducible MMP-3 and MMP-13. (aspetjournals.org)

AP-1 transcription factors are also associated with numerous physiological functions especially in determination of organisms' life span and tissue regeneration. (wikipedia.org)

Classical polarization is usually associated with a proinflammatory response, including the increased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1, and IL-6. (haematologica.org)
The CD30 antigen is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. (medscape.com)
See Wilms Tumor: A Pediatric Oncology Success Story , a Critical Images slideshow, to help identify the clinical features, staging evaluation, prognostic factors, and therapeutic options for this disease. (medscape.com)

However, ZBTB32 was not flagged as being differentially expressed in Irf4 − / − NK cells during MCMV infection, highlighting divergent essential roles for IRF8-AP-1 and IRF4-AP-1 complexes in NK cell-mediated viral immunity. (nature.com)

Targeting the NFAT:AP-1 transcriptional complex on DNA with a small-molecule inhibitor. (axonmedchem.com)
Tool compound targeting the NFAT:AP-1 transcriptional complex on DNA. (axonmedchem.com)
Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

16(1): 189, 2023 08 17. (bvsalud.org)

We therefore consider binding strengths a3 and a2 which determine how strongly OCT4-SOX2-NANOG and OCT4-SOX2 bind to OCT4, respectively, and e2 and e1, the binding strengths of the OCT4-SOX2-NANOG and OCT4-SOX2 complexes on the NANOG gene respectively (see Eq. (1) in the main text. (lu.se)
This is intuitively obvious, since the stronger that these complexes bind to OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, the higher the transcription rate, and hence a smaller threshold of the environmental factor is required to turn the switch on. (lu.se)

MCF-7 cells were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 55335-1-AP (STK38 Antibody) at dilution of 1:1000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours. (ptglab.com)
Immunofluorescent analysis of HEK-293 cells using 55335-1-AP (STK38 antibody) at dilution of 1:50 and Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG(H+L). (ptglab.com)
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 were activated and Elk-1 and AP-1 DNA binding activity was induced in Colo357L3.6pl cells. (duke.edu)
Dose-dependent inhibition of AP-1 Human AP-1 Reporter Cells were treated with an ~EC80 concentration of PMA (10 nM) and then challenged with the inhibitors JNK Inhibitor V, CC-401, PD98059, CAY 10561, and PKC inhibitors Bisindolylmaleimide I and XI (all from Cayman Chemical, USA). (indigobiosciences.com)
An in vitro model of EndMT was developed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via treatment with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) at 10 ng/mL for 24 h. (dovepress.com)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)

The role of AP-1 members in regulating NK cell biology remains enigmatic and these new data underscore a need for further research into regulators of AP-1 transcription factors and their targets. (nature.com)

These data suggest that the epicatechin-induced survival effect occurs by the induction of redox-sensitive transcription factors through a tight regulation of survival and proliferation pathways. (udl.cat)
Indeed, ZBTB32 contains an AP-1 binding motif, supporting its regulation by IRF8-AP-1 complexes. (nature.com)
Transcription factors of the NFAT family: regulation and function. (axonmedchem.com)
The dimer composition of AP-1, the cell type and the stage of development are all important in the regulation of AP-1 activity. (indigobiosciences.com)

AP-1 activity is often regulated via post-translational modifications, DNA binding dimer composition, and interaction with various binding partners. (wikipedia.org)

Figure 1: Summary of estrogen receptor and RNA PolII binding sites and correlation with nucleotide and gene number. (nature.com)
Figure 4: Identification of enriched motifs within the estrogen receptor binding sites and validation of transcription factor binding. (nature.com)
Figure 5: Involvement of cooperating transcription factors at estrogen receptor binding sites. (nature.com)
The oligomerisation is essential for establishing appropriate connections to form signalling complexes with TNF receptor-1. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Loss-of-function mutations of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) have been described in patients with autosomal dominant Kallmann syndrome. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] Of note, anosmin may enhance fibroblast growth factor signaling through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1. (medscape.com)
Kim and Morshead, 2003), and the fibroblast that SSEA4 associated with CD133 can be used for growth factor (FGF) receptor 4 (Cai et al. (lu.se)

The WT1 protein is a transcription factor predominantly expressed in the embryonic kidneys and gonads. (medscape.com)

Below are some of the other important functions and biological roles AP-1 transcription factors have been shown to be involved in. (wikipedia.org)
The AP-1 transcription factor has been shown to play numerous roles in cell growth and proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
This suggests critical roles for dietary and lifestyle factors. (mdpi.com)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human kidney tissue slide using 55335-1-AP (STK38 Antibody) at dilution of 1:200 (under 10x lens). (ptglab.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human kidney tissue slide using 55335-1-AP (STK38 Antibody) at dilution of 1:200 (under 40x lens). (ptglab.com)
Dilution: 1:100 using IHC-Tek TM Antibody Diluent (Cat# IW-1000 or IW-1001) to reduce background and unspecific staining and serum blocking step is NOT needed. (ihcworld.com)

C-fos has also been shown to increase in expression in response to the introduction of growth factors in the cell, further supporting its suggested involvement in the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
2003. Mutational analysis of Ctnnb1 and Apc in tumors from rats given 1,2-dimethylhydrazine or 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline: mutational 'hotspots' and the relative expression of beta-catenin and c-jun. . (oregonstate.edu)
mechanistically, IRF8 directly regulated expression of ZBTB32, a transcription factor essential for the virus-specific NK cell proliferative burst 3 . (nature.com)
Many plant-derived secondary metabolites are capable of directly modulating inflammation by altering the production and activity of second messengers, the expression of transcription factors, and the expression of key proinflammatory molecules [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
In contrast to monocytes, human macrophages did not show increased tissue factor expression upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. (haematologica.org)
2000). We of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in models of have recently reported that this vector directs transgene expression to Parkinson's disease (Georgievska et al. (lu.se)

However, while the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone treatment were due to the reduced activation of NF- κ B and AP-1, the ellagic acid treatment led to reduced BALF levels of IL-6 and increased levels of IL-10. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, besides its anti-inflammatory activity, this agent may also be effective in blocking cartilage matrix resorption by MMPs by impairing AP-1 and NF-κB binding activities. (aspetjournals.org)

C-jun has been shown to be essential for fibroblast proliferation, and levels of both AP-1 subunits have been shown to be expressed above basal levels during cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor 8 have been found in a small minority of patients with autosomal dominant Kallmann syndrome. (medscape.com)

It has been hypothesized that the AP-1 may play a substantial role in the inflammation and immune response (Michel et al. (medscape.com)

The growth factors TGF alpha, TGF beta, and IL2 have all been shown to stimulate c-Fos, and thereby stimulate cellular proliferation via AP-1 activation. (wikipedia.org)
These results demonstrate differential sensitivity of standard cytotoxicity assessments on the PPP, thus (1) decoupling 'mitochondrial activity' as an interpretation of cellular formazan and Alamar Blue metabolism, and (2) demonstrating the implicit requirement for investigators to sufficiently verify interaction of these methods in routine cytotoxicity and proliferation characterization. (cdc.gov)

1 Thus, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms involved in inhibition of myocardial fibrosis. (dovepress.com)

The most studied form of AP-1 transcription factor is c-Jun/Fos heterodimer. (indigobiosciences.com)

also known as AP-1-IRF composite elements (AICEs)) are enriched four days after MCMV infection, suggesting cooperation between IRF4 and AP-1 family members. (nature.com)
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is an inflammatory regulator and is closely related to the prognosis of patients with GC. (portlandpress.com)
They promote cell survival by the activation of downstream protein kinases and, finally, transcription factors of the NF-kB and AP-1 family. (embl-heidelberg.de)
[ 27 ] the strongest predictors continue to be positive family history, increased body mass index, increased blood pressure, and increased serum levels of triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-1, and liver enzymes, all of which precede inception of metabolic syndrome . (medscape.com)

Mutations that disrupt the second alternative splicing site of the WT1 gene alter the normal ratio of KTS-positive/negative isoforms from 2:1 to 1:2 and result in abnormalities in glomerular formation and gonadal differentiation seen in Frasier syndrome. (medscape.com)

As of January 1, 2022, Oncotarget has shifted to a continuous publishing model. (oncotarget.com)

The principal application of this reporter assay is in the screening of test compounds to quantify any functional activities, either activating or inhibitory, that they may exert against AP-1. (indigobiosciences.com)
A dose range of 2.5 to 10 ng/ml of TWHF was effectively inhibitory for IL-1. (aspetjournals.org)

Transient overexpression of UBCv1 impaired activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors induced by several agonists of these pathways. (mdpi.com)

Dose-response activation of AP-1 using PMA. (indigobiosciences.com)
Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)

Pretreatment for 30 min or 1 h (but not 2-10 h) after IL-1 treatment with TWHF inhibited MMP-3 RNA induction. (aspetjournals.org)

AP-1 was first discovered as a TPA-activated transcription factor that bound to a cis-regulatory element of the human metallothionein IIa (hMTIIa) promoter and SV40. (wikipedia.org)
Consider an example with a single gene that is autoregula- tory, i.e. the transcription rate is enhanced when it is bound by its own protein product, X. There are then four possible states of the system. (lu.se)
unbound, bound by the transcription factor X, bound by the RNAP and bound by both X and RNAP. (lu.se)

Humanized anti-CD123 antibody facilitates NK cell antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of Hodgkin lymphoma targets via ARF6/PLD-1. (rndsystems.com)

Through the recent use of molecular and cellular assays and knockout animals, considerable progress has been made towards the understanding of the genetic, tissue-specific, and immunological factors that contribute to the development of ALI pathophysiology. (hindawi.com)

these crucial factors promote neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in OSA. (hindawi.com)

Brinkman et al5 examined whether the presence and foods.1,2 However, much less is known about the poten- severity of AD was predictive of the occurrence and mag- tial influence that skin challenges have on the systemic nitude of early and late asthmatic responses to inhaled immune response, in particular whether sensitization allergens. (cdc.gov)

Transcription factor 7-like 2 ( TCF7L2 ) variants have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in multiple ethnic groups. (medscape.com)
The measurement of flu vaccine efficacy and effectiveness can be affected by virus and host factors as well as the type of study used. (cdc.gov)

AP-1 transcription factor is assembled through the dimerization of a characteristic bZIP domain (basic region leucine zipper) in the Fos and Jun subunits. (wikipedia.org)

The AP-1 subunit Jun was identified as a novel oncoprotein of avian sarcoma virus, and Fos-associated p39 protein was identified as the transcript of the cellular Jun gene. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry (2018) 47 (1): 11-25. (karger.com)

This makes TCF7L2 variants the strongest known genetic risk factors for T2DM. (medscape.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs135

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes72

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Activator7

Proteins5

Cytokines2

Nuclear4

Cell proliferation3

Mitogen-activa1

Gene expression5

Genes5

Apoptosis2

Interleukin4

Numerous physiological1

Tumor3

Viral1

Transcriptional3

20231

SOX22

Cells6

Regulators1

Regulation4

Dimer composition1

Receptor7

Embryonic1

Roles3

Dilution3

Expression6

Anti-inflammatory2

Fibroblast2

Inflammation1

Proliferation2

Inhibition1

Heterodimer1

Family4

Differentiation1

20221

Inhibitory2

Overexpression1

Activation2

Induction1

Bound3

Targets1

Assays1

Endothelial1

Immune response1

Type2

Characteristic1

Cellular2

Variants1