Antiviral capsid. Medical search. Frequent questions

Lenacapavir is a capsid inhibitor developed by Gilead Sciences. (wikipedia.org)
Lenacapavir is the first capsid inhibitor to be FDA-approved for treating HIV/AIDS. (wikipedia.org)
GS-CA1 is an experimental small-molecule capsid inhibitor developed by Gilead Sciences. (wikipedia.org)
Ebselen was identified as a capsid inhibitor using a fluorescence assay on a library of pharmacological compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Phage display was used to identify peptides that bind the HIV-1 capsid protein, and the most promising peptide inhibitor was the Capsid Assembly Inhibitor (CAI) peptide. (wikipedia.org)
AB-836, our oral capsid inhibitor, demonstrated robust antiviral activity, however, two patients in the 200 mg cohort experienced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations. (biospace.com)
it is an HIV capsid inhibitor. (positivelyaware.com)
The capsid-binding inhibitor PF74 accelerates capsid opening but stabilizes the remaining lattice. (elifesciences.org)
FOSTER CITY, Calif. --(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mar. 7, 2019-- Gilead Sciences, Inc. (NASDAQ:GILD) today announced findings from two studies that support the further development of GS-6207, a novel, selective, first-in-class inhibitor of HIV-1 capsid function, for potential future use as part of long-acting HIV combination therapy. (gilead.com)
The Phase 2 study is designed to evaluate the safety and antiviral effect of an oral weekly regimen of Merck's investigational nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor, islatravir, in combination with Gilead's investigational capsid inhibitor, lenacapavir. (vih.org)
Lenacapavir is Gilead's potential first-in-class, investigational long-acting HIV-1 capsid inhibitor in development for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. (vih.org)

Upon entering the cytoplasm of a host cell, the capsid goes through an unfolding process that releases the viral RNA and proteins into the cell. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The uncoating process is a highly ordered multistep process in which the capsid is weakened and most or all capsid proteins are removed from the shell. (wikipedia.org)
This bonding disrupts the uncoating process which inhibits both the release of viral RNA and proteins into the cytoplasm, and also inhibits the production of new capsid shells within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Our discovery marks a breakthrough in the development of antiviral drugs as it does not target specific viral proteins that can rapidly mutate, causing the development of drug resistance - something that remains unresolved by current antiviral drugs against herpes and other viruses. (news-medical.net)
SIV proteins, especially the viral core proteins (i.e., p24, capsid protein), are antigenically related to HIV-I proteins (9). (cdc.gov)
Some SIV isolates, however, are antigenically more related to HIV-2 than to HIV-I by cross-reactivity of viral capsid and envelope proteins. (cdc.gov)

CAMs also inhibit formation of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), probably by interfering with capsid disassembly, an early step in viral replication. (infohep.org)
This bond stabilizes the capsid structure and inhibits the functional disassembly of the capsid in infected cells. (wikipedia.org)
During the virus' life cycle, the capsid is involved in the assembly of new viral particles and the disassembly of the particles following infection of a new cell. (centerwatch.com)
Recent studies have shown that HIV-1 cores enter the nucleus prior to capsid disassembly 3 - 5 . (biorxiv.org)
Uncoating of the metastable HIV-1 capsid is a tightly regulated disassembly process required for release of the viral cDNA prior to nuclear import. (elifesciences.org)
To understand the intrinsic capsid disassembly pathway and how it can be modulated, we have developed a single-particle fluorescence microscopy method to follow the real-time uncoating kinetics of authentic HIV capsids in vitro immediately after permeabilizing the viral membrane. (elifesciences.org)
also found that a small molecule drug called PF74 causes the capsid to crack open rapidly, but the remaining shell is then stabilized against further disassembly. (elifesciences.org)

2020) Pressurized DNA state inside herpes capsids-A novel antiviral target. (news-medical.net)

The virus consists of a thin protein shell, a capsid, and inside it lies its genome, the genes. (news-medical.net)
The company said that the early Phase 1b data are the first proof-of-concept that inhibiting HIV's capsid (the protein shell of a virus) can lead to significant viral load drops in people (as opposed to in the test tube). (positivelyaware.com)
A protein shell called a capsid protects the virus during this journey. (elifesciences.org)
University of California - Santa Cruz) By studying the astrovirus capsid, the protein shell of the viral particles, the DuBois lab is laying the foundation for new antiviral therapies and vaccines for human astroviruses. (medworm.com)
reverse transcription of the RNA pre-genome takes place within the completed capsid, the protein shell of the core. (grantome.com)
In most cases, the virus's genetic material, DNA, is enclosed within a protective protein shell called a capsid. (lu.se)

Poliovirus is a type of anaerobe virus and consists of an RNA genome enclosed in a capsid. (cdc.gov)
In genome packaging, viruses gather their genomes into capsids whose main purpose is to protect the genomes until they can be released into a new host for further replication. (europa.eu)
HCMV exemplifies the canonical architecture of herpesviruses, with an icosahedral capsid enclosing a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome, a partially-ordered tegument layer, and a pleomorphic envelope bearing glycoproteins essential for host-cell entry. (databasefootball.com)
They describe how HSV-1 enters cells, docks with portals on the nucleus and injects DNA with high pressure caused by tight packing of the capsid, the tough shell that houses the viral genome. (scienceblog.com)

Elasticity was also reduced by treatment of cores with the capsid-targeting compound PF74 and the antiviral drug lenacapavir. (biorxiv.org)
This Phase 2, open-label, active-controlled, multicenter study is designed to evaluate the safety and antiviral effect of an oral weekly regimen of islatravir in combination with lenacapavir in virologically suppressed people with HIV. (vih.org)

Uracil based scaffolds such as bispyrimidine dione and tetrapyrimidine dione derivatives have shown activity as HIV-1 p24 capsid inhibitors in an in vitro setting but need further exploration. (wikipedia.org)
The in vitro study evaluated the pharmacological profile of GS-6207 - which demonstrated up to >100-fold greater potency than certain commonly prescribed ARVs and synergistic antiviral activity when combined with the ARVs tenofovir alafenamide, efavirenz, dolutegravir or darunavir. (gilead.com)

The major challenge lies in the fact that all existing antiviral drugs to treat herpes viruses lead to rapid development of resistance in patients with compromised immune systems where the need for herpes treatment is the greatest (e.g. newborn children, patients with HIV, cancer or who have undergone organ transplantation). (news-medical.net)

JNJ-6379 "demonstrated potent antiviral activity by reducing HBV DNA and HBV RNA," the researchers concluded. (infohep.org)

Conclusion: AB-506 was generally safe and well-tolerated and robust antiviral effects were observed in CHB subjects. (hku.hk)

In the management of HIV/AIDS, HIV capsid inhibitors are antiretroviral medicines that target the capsid shell of the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Current drugs administered in the treatment of HIV do not target the capsid. (wikipedia.org)
It could also be used to test the effects of antiviral drugs that have been designed to target the capsid. (elifesciences.org)

Capsid assembly modulators (CAMs) interfere with the HBV core protein, which plays a role in packaging viral genetic material into a nucleocapsid shell. (infohep.org)

Since all types of herpes viruses have similar structure and physical properties, this antiviral treatment works on all types of viruses within the herpes family. (news-medical.net)
Be they SARS-CoV-2, HIV, or phages that infect bacteria, all viruses comprise at least two components: their genetic material-DNA or RNA-and a protective shell called a capsid. (acs.org)
Particular attention is focused on how cutting-edge advances in material science are being applied to engineer antiviral surface coatings with tailored molecular-level properties to inhibit membrane-enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. (rsc.org)
Unlike the capsids of many other viruses, those of HIV have irregular structures that rapidly fall apart once removed from the virus. (elifesciences.org)
Pizzato M, McCauley SM, Neagu MR, Pertel T, Firrito C, Ziglio S, Dauphin A, Zufferey M, Berthoux L, Luban J. Lv4 Is a Capsid-Specific Antiviral Activity in Human Blood Cells That Restricts Viruses of the SIVMAC/SIVSM/HIV-2 Lineage Prior to Integration. (umassmed.edu)

which identifies a molecule found in host cells that stabilizes the capsid of HIV. (elifesciences.org)

The University of Rochester of Rochester, NY, has received US Patent No. 8,450,056, "Arrayed imaging reflectometry (AIR) sensor chip comprising virus-like particles suitable for the detection of antiviral immune responses. (genomeweb.com)

Current anti-HCMV therapies are toxic to neonatal patients and can fail due to the development of antiviral resistance. (databasefootball.com)

The core protein allosteric modulators (CpAMs) have shown great potential as highly effective antiviral drugs against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in preclinical studies and clinical trials. (bvsalud.org)

These molecules proved to have a strong antiviral effect that was several times higher than the standard treatment against certain herpes types with the drug Aciclovir, as well as against resistant herpesvirus strains where Aciclovir does not work. (news-medical.net)
Gilead Sciences reported strong antiviral results over 10 days with a single subcutaneous injection of GS-6207. (positivelyaware.com)

It is a double-stranded DNA virus with a diameter of 150 to 200 nm, has an icosahedral capsid and a lipoprotein envelope 1 . (bvsalud.org)

Fabien Zoulim of INSERM Cancer Research Institute in Lyons, France, reported findings from a study evaluating the antiviral activity, safety, pharmacokinetics of JNJ-6379 given for 4 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of follow-up, in people being treated for hepatitis B for the first time. (infohep.org)

Noting that there was a limited increase in antiviral activity at higher doses, Jordan Feld of University Health Network in Toronto, who presented a 'debrief' of viral hepatitis studies at The Liver Meeting, suggested that a higher dose may be needed to disrupt formed capsids and prevent replenishment of cccDNA. (infohep.org)

Nucleoside/nucleotide antivirals such as tenofovir DF ( Viread ), tenofovir alafenamide ( Vemlidy ) and entecavir ( Baraclude ) can suppress HBV replication indefinitely during long-term therapy. (infohep.org)
Because of this, drugs that specifically inhibit the HIV capsid are being developed in order to reduce the replication of HIV, and treat infections that have become resistant to current antiretroviral therapies. (wikipedia.org)
Antiviral drug development requires a detailed understanding of virus replication and an effective translation of this knowledge into drug discovery. (europa.eu)
To address this issue, the EU-funded EUVIRNA (European training network on (+)RNA Virus Replication and Antiviral Drug Development) project investigated various aspects of viral biology. (europa.eu)
Novira's antiviral drugs are designed to disrupt the function of a viral protein called the capsid that is required for replication and transmission. (centerwatch.com)
Direct Visualization of HIV-1 Replication Intermediates Shows that Capsid and CPSF6 Modulate HIV-1 Intra-nuclear Invasion and Integration. (umassmed.edu)
In conclusion, our findings underscore the potential of QL-007 as an effective agent against HBV replication and introduce it as a novel CpAM for the antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B. (bvsalud.org)
Assembly is critical to HBV replication and is unique to the virus (there are no cellular homologs to capsid protein). (grantome.com)

Other peptide inhibitors have been reported, as well as next generation inhibitors with increased stability, permeability, and antiviral activity. (wikipedia.org)
They identified inhibitors against the enterovirus capsid protein and protease. (europa.eu)
These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of HIV-1 nuclear entry and the antiviral mechanisms of HIV-1 capsid inhibitors. (biorxiv.org)

Experimental drugs that interfere with hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly continue to show promise as a new approach to antiviral treatment, according to research presented at the AASLD Liver Meeting last month in San Francisco. (infohep.org)
Novira Therapeutics , an antiviral drug discovery company, has secured $23 million in Series A financing to support the development of its capsid-targeting antivirals for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and HIV infections. (centerwatch.com)

The TWiV team reveals the repertoire of anti-viral antibodies in newborn humans, and a complement protein that binds the adenovirus capsid and prevents release of the viral DNA. (virology.ws)

There are no vaccines or antiviral therapeutics designed for treatment of DENV-infected individuals. (findadig.com)
This necessity makes the viral protease as a fantastic target for advancement of antiviral therapeutics. (findadig.com)

Now, the researchers have predicted and validated numerous new TAs (1,2), advancing the field of bacterial antiviral immunity mechanisms. (lu.se)

Interaction with human PPIA/CYPA protects the virus from restriction by human TRIM5-alpha and from an unknown antiviral activity in human cells. (proteopedia.org)
This capsid restriction by TRIM5 is one of the factors which restricts HIV-1 to the human species (By similarity). (proteopedia.org)

The capsid surrounding the viral RNA, nucleocapsids, reverse transcriptase, and integrase plays a key role in the infection process. (wikipedia.org)

The objectives of this ongoing first-in-human study are to evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK, and antiviral activity of AB-506 in HS and HBV-DNA+ CHB subjects. (hku.hk)
This was based maximum antiviral activity when the lower bound of the 90% confidence interval of mean trough concentration was above 15.5 ng/mL. (i-base.info)
Two other oral presentations at CROI reported on mechanisms of capsid activity, and how this compound is active at both early stage of the viral life cycle by distrupting the capsid before integration into the nucleus, but also, and perhaps more importantly, at the late stage by preventing maturation of new viral capsid. (i-base.info)

have now developed a method that can visualize individual HIV capsids - and how they disassemble - in real time using single-molecule microscopy. (elifesciences.org)
Furthermore, QL-007 not only induced the formation of misshaped Cp149 capsids but also possessed the capability to disassemble HBV capsids. (bvsalud.org)

We cloned and sequenced a 924-nt fragment that covered part of the 5′UTR and the VP4/VP2 capsid genes. (plos.org)

The presence or absence of EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG, VCA IgM and EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) IgG antibodies was recorded. (who.int)

In this study, we evaluated a small molecule compound called QL-007, which could potentially influence capsid assembly, using HBV replicated and susceptible cell models as well as mice infected with rAAV-HBV. (bvsalud.org)

Since then, over 40 molecules have been reported to inhibit HIV-1 by binding capsid, with five distinct chemotypes described. (wikipedia.org)
enables researchers to measure how molecules produced by host cells interact with the viral capsid, a structure that is fundamental for the virus to establish an infection. (elifesciences.org)
We have found that some molecules misdirect capsid assembly, presumably by distorting the dimer geometry, giving rise to the rapid production of misshapen and nonfunctional structures. (grantome.com)
We propose a new strategy for developing antiviral molecules that target virus assembly. (grantome.com)

both risks might be reduced through antiviral treatment, which is currently under development. (cdc.gov)
While many advances have been made in the treatment of chronic HBV and HIV infections, therapy for these diseases is still plagued by certain limitations, including the absence of a true cure for chronic infection with HBV and the development of drug resistance during chronic infection with HIV, leading to a need for antivirals with a new mechanism of action," said Rocklage. (centerwatch.com)
Osvaldo Flores, president and CSO of Novira, added, "We believe the capsid-targeting approach holds much potential as a treatment for chronic HBV and HIV infections, and now, with the support of additional strong investors, we are able to advance these first-in-class antiviral drugs into the clinic. (centerwatch.com)
By inhibiting key aspects of capsid function, Novira's oral drugs prevent further spread of the virus and offer a new treatment for viral diseases. (centerwatch.com)
Antiviral treatment is used for immunocompromised individuals who have eye infections or life-threatening illnesses due to CMV. (medscape.com)

This highlights the urgent need for new approaches to antiviral therapies. (europa.eu)

Evilevitch A, Sae-Ueng U., ''Mechanical Capsid Maturation Facilitates the Resolution of Conflicting Requirements for Herpesvirus Assembly. (lu.se)

Most current antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV do not directly target the viral capsid. (wikipedia.org)
Because of this, capsid uncoating is a favorable target for antiretroviral medicines. (wikipedia.org)
Do HIV-specific CTL continue to have an antiviral function during antiretroviral therapy? (frontiersin.org)

This revealed that capsids differ widely in their stability. (elifesciences.org)
These observations reconcile seemingly contradictory observations made by different research groups about how this drug affects the stability of the capsid. (elifesciences.org)

Our observations suggest that different stages of uncoating can be controlled independently with the interplay between different capsid-binding regulators likely to determine the overall uncoating kinetics. (elifesciences.org)

Antiviral immune responses present a major hurdle to the efficacious use of oncolytic adenoviruses as cancer treatments. (aacrjournals.org)

The chip consists of a multilayer substrate that hosts virus-like particles or viral-capsid fragments from different viral strains or isolates that are covalently attached at different locations. (genomeweb.com)
These particles or fragments contain conformational epitopes that are capable of binding to antiviral antibodies. (genomeweb.com)

Namely, glycine prevents for formation of capsids. (raypeatforum.com)

It functions by binding to the hydrophobic pocket formed by two neighboring protein subunits in the capsid shell. (wikipedia.org)

One developed Q67H + K70R in capsid at week 80, another developed M184M/I in reverse transcriptase prior to Q67H + K70R in capsid at week 10, and one developed Q67H in capsid at week 54 with subsequent K70R (linked to low adherence). (i-base.info)

The details of that self-assembly process could help researchers defeat the virus with antivirals or build protective shells for drug delivery. (acs.org)

Ebselen covalently bonds to the C-terminal domain of the HIV-1 capsid, which inhibits the uncoating process. (wikipedia.org)

To treat this condition, the world needs new and better antiviral drugs. (europa.eu)

Herein, we critically summarize the latest efforts to develop antiviral surface coatings that exhibit virus-inactivating functions through disrupting lipid envelopes or protein capsids. (rsc.org)
Current antiviral strategies focus on virus enzymes. (grantome.com)
A research group at Lund University is working to understand the process by which the virus ejects its genetic material from the capsid and into cells and what causes the virus's DNA to be released. (lu.se)
However, with the help of the synchrotron research facility NIST in Maryland, USA, and thanks to a special grant from the Swedish Research Council, we were ultimately able to use neutron light to image the structure of phage virus DNA and its density inside the capsid and see how these changed at different temperatures," explained Alex Evilevitch. (lu.se)

HIV-1 infection requires passage of the viral core through the nuclear pore of the cell, a process that depends on functions of the viral capsid 1 , 2 . (biorxiv.org)
Our results indicate that capsid elasticity is a fundamental property of the HIV-1 core that enables its passage through the nuclear pore complex, thereby facilitating infection. (biorxiv.org)
For each of these types of evidence, I will briefly summarize what the approach has revealed about the CTL response during untreated HIV infection, then review the relevant data in patients on ART, in order to assess to what extent HIV-specific CTL continue to have an antiviral function during ART. (frontiersin.org)

Analysis of four HIV-1 capsid mutants that exhibit impaired nuclear entry revealed that the mutant viral cores are brittle. (biorxiv.org)
Capsid-CPSF6 Interaction Licenses Nuclear HIV-1 Trafficking to Sites of Viral DNA Integration. (umassmed.edu)
Villanueva-Valencia,J.R., Tsimtsirakis, E., Evilevitch, A. ''Role of HSV-1 Capsid Vertex-Specific Component (CVSC) and Viral Terminal DNA in Capsid Docking at the Nuclear Pore. (lu.se)

Villanueva Valencia J. R., Tsimtsirakis E., Krueger S., Evilevitch A., "Temperature-induced DNA density transition in phage λ capsid revealed with contrast-matching SANS. (lu.se)

Researchers reported that people taking their HIV medications just four days a week did as well as people in the study who continued taking their antivirals every day. (positivelyaware.com)
By modeling capsid assembly, researchers can understand weak points in the capsid's structure. (acs.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms81

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes49

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Inhibitor11

Proteins6

Disassembly7

20201

Protein shell6

Genome4

Lenacapavir2

Vitro2

Existing antiviral drugs1

Potent antiviral activity1

Robust antiviral1

Target the capsid3

Assembly modulators1

Viruses5

Stabilizes the capsid1

Detection of antiviral1

Development of antiviral1

Modulators1

Strong antiviral2

Icosahedral capsid1

Pharmacokinetics1

Needed to disrupt1

Replication8

Inhibitors3

Hepatitis2

Release of the viral1

Therapeutics2

Immunity1

Restriction2

Surrounding the viral1

Activity3

Disassemble2

Genes1

Antigen1

Compound1

Molecules4

Treatment5

Therapies1

Maturation1

Antiretroviral3

Stability2

Interplay1

Immune1

Particles2

Prevents1

Shell1

Reverse transcriptase1

Shells1

Uncoating1

Drugs1

Virus4

Infection3

Nuclear3

Phage1

Researchers2