Antiviral agent ganciclovir. Medical search. Frequent questions

A previous study of valganciclovir, a valyl ester prodrug of ganciclovir showed a 10-fold increase in plasma ganciclovir concentrations compared with the oral formulation. (nih.gov)
This study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir and valganciclovir. (nih.gov)
citation needed] Valganciclovir, the prodrug of ganciclovir Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). (wikipedia.org)
Hypersensitivity to ganciclovir, valganciclovir or acyclovir. (nih.gov)
Cymevene must not be used in patients allergic to its active substance ganciclovir, to a related antiviral medicine, valganciclovir, or to any other ingredients of the medicine. (europa.eu)

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ganciclovir therapy in neonates with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. (nih.gov)
Ganciclovir is a new antiviral compound (also called BW B759U, DHPG, BIOLF-62, and 2'NDG) that has been used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinopathy in immunocompromised patients (bone marrow recipients or acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS] victims). (elsevierpure.com)
Ganciclovir is commonly used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in patients who are immunocompromised and for the prevention of CMV disease in solid organ transplant recipients. (nih.gov)
Ganciclovir, sold under the brand name Cytovene among others, is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. (wikipedia.org)
Ganciclovir (9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine) is a potent inhibitor of viruses of the herpes family, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), that are pathogenic for humans and animals. (wikipedia.org)
An antiviral agent used to treat Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS. (drugbank.com)
Ganciclovir is used to treat complications from AIDS-associated cytomegalovirus infections. (nih.gov)
Most of the antiviral agents that have been approved, and are currently used in the treatment of virus infections, are targeted at HIV, HBV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HCV or influenza virus. (medscape.com)
A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor. (bvsalud.org)
Cymevene is an antiviral medicine that is used to treat or prevent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) in immunocompromised individuals (people with a weakened immune system). (europa.eu)
Methylenecyclopropane nucleoside (MCPN) analogs are being investigated for treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection because of favorable preclinical data and limited ganciclovir cross-resistance. (elsevierpure.com)

Ganciclovir combined with foscarnet has been used in the treatment of patients infected with HIV. (medscape.com)
In addition to development of viral resistance, cidofovir, ganciclovir and foscarnet, the three drugs approved for CMV retinitis in AIDS patients, have significant toxicity. (nih.gov)
Ribavirin ( 6 - 12 ), oseltamivir ( 8 - 10 ), foscarnet ( 8 ), intravenous immunoglobulin ( 8 ), and other agents have been used to treat patients. (cdc.gov)
If resistance to these agents occurs, Foscarnet can be given as an alternative. (girlsaskguys.com)

Outcome is improved with either agent, but acyclovir is more effective and less toxic. (medscape.com)
Acyclovir is also the drug of choice for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis, although ganciclovir is also considered an alternative option. (medscape.com)
The nucleoside analogs (acyclovir and ganciclovir) actually mimic the normal nucleoside and block the viral DNA polymerase enzyme, which is important in the formation of DNA. (estate-blog.com)
Some of the agents (acyclovir) are activated by a viral enzyme, so they are specific for the cells that contain viral particles. (estate-blog.com)
To compare outcomes from patients with acute retinal necrosis (ARN) treated in the acyclovir-only era with those treated in the era of newer antiviral therapies, identify variables affecting outcomes in ARN, and evaluate strategies for fellow eye prophylaxis. (qxmd.com)
The cohort was divided into 2 subgroups: patients treated during the acyclovir-only era (n = 36) and patients treated during the current era of newer antiviral medications (n = 22). (qxmd.com)
Outcomes from the newer antivirals era were similar to those achieved during the acyclovir-only era. (qxmd.com)
ACYCLOVIR (Acivir Cream 5gm) (ay SYE kloe veer) equals an antiviral medication. (si1denafilfored.com)
They require to know if you have any of this health:-an individual or allergic response on acyclovir, ganciclovir, and valacyclovir, other medicines, foods, dyes, or chemicals -pregnant or trying to get pregnant -breastfeeding. (si1denafilfored.com)
Some antiviral drugs target DNA or RNA polymerase to inhibit DNA/RNA replication , e.g., viral DNA polymerase inhibitors, like acyclovir and tenofovir. (microbeonline.com)

Ganciclovir is transformed by viral and cellular thymidine kinases (TK) to Ganciclovir triphosphate, which works as an antiviral agent by inhibiting the synthesis of viral DNA in 2 ways: competitive inhibition of viral DNA-polymerase and direct incorporation into viral primer strand DNA, resulting in DNA chain termination and prevention of replication. (generalpharma.com)
Acivir cream (Acivir Cream 5gm) works as an antiviral agent for chickenpox, genital herpes, and herpes zoster. (si1denafilfored.com)

However, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded that further in vitro testing of antiviral drugs on other coronavirus isolates and more information on the clinical outcome of patients treated with ribavirin or other antiviral drugs in controlled trials is needed ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Coadministration of ganciclovir, interferon alfa, ribavirin, and other bone marrow suppressive or cytotoxic agents may increase the hematologic toxicity of zidovudine. (drugcentral.org)

These agents inhibit gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the H + /K + -ATPase enzyme system in the gastric parietal cells. (medscape.com)
In 1988, the DMID issued a Request For Application (RFA) to solicit applications proposing research on the design of antiviral agents that will specifically inhibit a viral (or viral-induced) function and not interact with cellular components. (nih.gov)
These agents inhibit DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for viral DNA polymerase. (medscape.com)
Confirmation of causality requires clinical trials demonstrating that antiviral agents such as ganciclovir inhibit TA. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
The need for a host cell to support the multiplication of the virus makes treatment difficult because the agent must be able to inhibit the virus without seriously affecting the host cells. (estate-blog.com)
As we all know that IFN-α is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is being usually used against hepatitis, though it is being reported to inhibit SARS-CoV reproduction in vitro . (tsijournals.com)

Neonates with symptomatic CMV disease involving the central nervous system were randomly assigned to receive 6 weeks of intravenous ganciclovir versus no treatment. (nih.gov)
The patient received intravenous ganciclovir and human anti-CMV immunoglobulin during admission. (nih.gov)
Injection: 500 mg ganciclovir in 250 mL (2 mg per mL) solution in a single-dose bag for intravenous use. (nih.gov)
Current treatment trends vary widely, including single agents or combinations of oral, intravenous, and intravitreal agents. (qxmd.com)
The aim of this study performed between 1992 and 1995 was to investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term intravenous ganciclovir for HBV infection in liver transplant recipients. (unige.ch)

Valaciclovir ( INN ) or valacyclovir ( USAN ) is an antiviral drug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster (shingles). (wikidoc.org)

In this study, we investigated whether a panel of commercially available antiviral drugs exhibit in vitro anti-SARS-CoV activity. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a panel of currently available antiviral agents exhibit in vitro anti-SARS-CoV activity. (cdc.gov)
These experiments allow rapid screening of commercially available antiviral agents, enabling those with in vitro evidence of activity to move expeditiously into clinical studies, since safety and pharmacokinetic information in humans is already available for other disease indications. (cdc.gov)
The anti-HIV activities of the new compounds were also screened for in vitro antiviral activity against replication of HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD) in MT-4 cells using zidovudine (AZT) as standard. (ijpsonline.com)
Thus,HCMVUL97 kinase is involved in the antiviral action of these MCPNs, but the in vitro selection of UL97-defective viruses suggests that their activity against more typical ganciclovir-resistant growth-competent UL97 mutants may be relatively preserved. (elsevierpure.com)

Owing to limited bioavailability and saturable absorption, the use of oral ganciclovir in CMV retinitis is restricted to maintenance therapy only. (nih.gov)
Ganciclovir is indicated for: Sight-threatening CMV retinitis in severely immunocompromised people CMV pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant recipients Prevention of CMV disease in bone marrow and solid organ transplant recipients Confirmed CMV retinitis in people with AIDS (intravitreal implant) It is also used for acute CMV colitis in HIV/AIDS and CMV pneumonitis in immunosuppressed patients. (wikipedia.org)
Ganciclovir is also available in slow-release formulations for insertion into the vitreous humour of the eye, as treatment for CMV retinitis (associated with HIV infection). (wikipedia.org)
Ganciclovir and other antiviral drugs are used to treat severe disease, particularly retinitis. (msdmanuals.com)
Profármaco del ganciclovir de acción antivírica que se usa para tratar la RETINITIS POR CITOMEGALOVIRUS en pacientes con SIDA y para la prevención de las INFECCIONES POR CITOMEGALOVIRUS en receptores de trasplantes de órganos que han recibido un órgano de un donante con seropositividad para el CMV. (bvsalud.org)

Other agents (idoxuridine) are activated by cellular enzymes, so these have less specificity. (estate-blog.com)

Ganciclovir triphosphate levels are up to 100-fold greater in CMV-infected cells than in uninfected cells, possibly because of preferential phosphorylation in infected cells. (medscape.com)
The primary mechanism of ganciclovir action against CMV is inhibition of the replication of viral DNA by ganciclovir-5'-triphosphate (ganciclovir-TP). (wikipedia.org)
levels of ganciclovir-triphosphate are as much as 100-fold greater in CMV-infected cells than in uninfected cells, possibly because of preferential phosphorylation of ganciclovir in virus-infected cells. (medscape.com)

Ganciclovir appears to function by limiting viral DNA synthesis and subsequent packaging of viral DNA into infectious units, thereby acting as a virostatic chemotherapeutic agent. (elsevierpure.com)
It exerts its antiviral activity by selective inhibition at pyrophosphate-binding sites on virus-specific DNA polymerases at concentrations that do not affect cellular DNA polymerases, inhibiting DNA synthesis. (medscape.com)
Present work is to synthesis novel Mannich bases of indophenazine ( Scheme 1 ) and tested for antiviral activity against HSV, vaccinia and HIV viruses. (ijpsonline.com)

Intensive efforts are under way to gain more insight into the mechanisms of viral replication, in order to develop targeted antiviral therapies and vaccines. (cdc.gov)
1 ) direct antiviral effects ( 2 ), inhibition of viral entry and replication at the cellular level by targeting virus-related processes, and ( 3 ) enhancement of host immune response. (cdc.gov)
Although HBV follows a similar strategy for its replication (i.e., reverse transcription) as HIV, it lags behind in terms of antiviral drug development, which may at least in part be explained by the availability of an adequate vaccine for HBV (a vaccine for HIV is still lacking). (medscape.com)
Ganciclovir which is a guanosine derivative that upon phosphorylation inhibits DNA replication by herpes simplex viruses (HSV). (generalpharma.com)
Advances in understanding the molecular biology of virus replication cycles and detailed three-dimensional structures of viral molecules have made it possible to create particular and effective antiviral drugs. (microbeonline.com)
Rather than killing or inactivating viruses, antiviral drugs focus on inhibiting viral replication by interfering with specific stages of the viral life cycle. (microbeonline.com)
Antiviral drugs block various stages of viral replication. (microbeonline.com)

Tested were 19 clinically approved compounds from several major antiviral pharmacologic classes: nucleoside analogs, interferons, protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and neuraminidase inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
They are representative compounds from major antiviral pharmacologic classes that are currently commercially available: nucleoside analogs, interferons, protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors and neuraminidase inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
All the nucleoside analogs must be activated by addition of a phosphate group before they have antiviral activity. (estate-blog.com)

Ganciclovir is a synthetic guanine derivative that is active against CMV. (medscape.com)
An guanine nucleoside antiviral used to treat herpes exacerbations. (drugbank.com)

A topical ophthalmic gel preparation of ganciclovir was recently[when? (wikipedia.org)
ZIRGAN (ganciclovir ophthalmic gel) 0.15% contains a sterile, topical antiviral for ophthalmic use. (mdtodate.com)

Current treatments are limited to targeting the herpesvirus DNA polymerases, but with emerging viral resistance and little efficacy against the oncogenic herpesviruses, there is an urgent need for new antiviral strategies. (nature.com)

Antiviral agents shorten the clinical course, prevent complications, prevent development of latency and subsequent recurrences, decrease transmission, and eliminate established latency. (medscape.com)
These agents prevent seizure recurrence and terminate clinical and electrical seizure activity. (medscape.com)
Clinical trials of vaccines to evaluate prevention of CMV disease in stem cell transplant recipients could use CMV viremia at a level triggering preemptive antiviral therapy as an endpoint, because widespread use of preemptive and prophylactic antivirals has rendered CMV-induced disease too rare to be a practical endpoint for clinical trials. (cdc.gov)
[ 1 ] Structural formulae for those antiviral compounds that are under clinical development (or in the preclinical stage of development) are presented in Figure 1. (medscape.com)
Experimental antiviral compounds that are still in (pre)clinical development. (medscape.com)
Clinical signs vary, depending on the agent, the dose and the virulence strain, the age and the physiologic state of the cat. (jimdo.com)
Some clinical signs are more frequently observed depending on the infectious agent. (jimdo.com)

Impairment of renal function: Increased serum creatinine levels have been observed with the use of ganciclovir, particularly in elderly patients and transplant patients receiving concomitant nephrotoxic drugs. (nih.gov)
Monitor renal function during therapy with GANCICLOVIR INJECTION, particularly in elderly patients and in patients taking other nephrotoxic drugs, and reduce dosage in patients with renal impairment. (nih.gov)
The influenza drugs may be used as either prophylactic or therapeutic agents. (medscape.com)
There There are several antiviral drugs that are approved for treating herpes. (girlsaskguys.com)
Extensive research has been conducted to understand the molecular basis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and evolution, develop effective therapeutics, antiviral drugs, and vaccines, and to design rapid and confirmatory viral diagnostics as well as adopt appropriate prevention and control strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
Antiviral drugs are any agents used to treat viral infections. (microbeonline.com)
Antiviral drugs use two approaches: targeting the viruses themselves or the host cell factors. (microbeonline.com)
Some antiviral drugs, like amantadine, prevent uncoating and the release of the viral genome in the cell. (microbeonline.com)
Other drugs associated with myelosuppression or nephrotoxicity: Due to potential for increased toxicity, such drugs should be considered for concomitant use with ganciclovir only if the potential benefits are judged to outweigh the risks. (nih.gov)

Hematologic Toxicity: Granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia have been reported in patients treated with ganciclovir. (nih.gov)
Fetal Toxicity: Based on animal data, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION has the potential to cause birth defects in humans. (nih.gov)
Fetal toxicity: Based on findings in animal studies, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION may cause fetal toxicity. (nih.gov)
7.2)oBone marrow suppressive/cytotoxic agents: May increase the hematologic toxicity of zidovudine. (drugcentral.org)
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF): When coadministered with ganciclovir, the risk of hematological and renal toxicity may be increased. (nih.gov)
Monitor for ganciclovir and MMF toxicity. (nih.gov)
Monitor for evidence of ganciclovir toxicity. (nih.gov)

The selective antiviral response associated with ganciclovir treatment is achieved because of the much weaker inhibition of cellular DNA polymerases by ganciclovir-TP. (wikipedia.org)
MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO ANTIVIRAL STRATEGY Release Date: March 20, 1998 PA NUMBER: PA-98-045 P.T. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases PURPOSE The Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (DMID), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), invites applications proposing innovative basic research projects on selective antiviral strategies. (nih.gov)

The choice of the therapeutic agent depends on the severity of infection and the degree of host defense impairment. (medscape.com)
Ganciclovir (in gel form) appears to be effective for treating the ophthalmic Felid herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) virus infection in cats. (wikipedia.org)
Acute lower respiratory tract infection from viral etiologies can be treated with antiviral agents. (medscape.com)

A cell-based assay utilizing cytopathic endpoints (CPE) was set up using Vero E6 cells to screen these antiviral compounds. (cdc.gov)
We have previously reported the antiviral activity of novel heterocyclic compounds against vaccinia virus, and many of those compounds also exhibited marked cytostatic properties in lymphocytes [ 4 − 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Though a variety of heterocyclic compounds had been synthesised and studied for wide range of antiviral activity, the antiviral activities of indophenazine against panel of pathogenic viruses have not been extensively explored. (ijpsonline.com)

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Background The discovery and development of effective and safe antiviral therapies for the treatment of human viral infections are among major scientific interests of the DMID. (nih.gov)

Identifying patients at risk for PTLD and developing strategies to prevent PTLD is the subject of much research, and the use of antiviral medications and EBV vaccines has yielded intriguing, albeit preliminary, results. (cancernetwork.com)
Developing effective and safe vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents against SARS CoV, however, may take years. (cdc.gov)

Antifungal agents preferentially bind to the primary fungal cell membrane sterol (ergosterol). (medscape.com)

Case reports describe efficacy in disseminated disease or meningitis refractory to first-line agents. (medscape.com)
Long-term oral antiviral treatment strategies varied with unclear relative efficacy. (qxmd.com)

Functional investigation of cells from the mother demonstrated significantly impaired induction of antiviral interferons and cytokines in the context of normal activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3. (bvsalud.org)

We demonstrate a successful treatment with the combined use of ganciclovir and anti-CMV immunoglobulin. (nih.gov)
Ganciclovir has also been found to be an effective treatment for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis. (wikipedia.org)
Females of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days following treatment with GANCICLOVIR INJECTION. (nih.gov)
Males should practice barrier contraception during treatment and for at least 90 days following treatment with GANCICLOVIR INJECTION. (nih.gov)
Although there are a limited number of antiviral therapeutic agents available for the treatment of viral infections, the majority of viral infections are impossible to treat effectively, and many are serious health concerns. (nih.gov)
Treatment includes the removal of adult parasites, the topical administration of demeracrium bromide and/or systemic anthelminthic agents including the avermectins, praziquantal and/or mebendazole. (veterinaryophthalmicconsulting.com)
A pyrimidine analog antiviral used for the treatment of viral eye infections, including herpes simplex keratitis. (drugbank.com)
antiviral drug, any agent that is used in the treatment of an infectious disease caused by a virus. (estate-blog.com)
A wide range and combination of antiviral agents are currently used for initial and long-term treatment of ARN. (qxmd.com)
At present, there are some 60 antiviral drug preparations that have been approved by the US FDA, almost half of which are used for the treatment of HIV infections. (medscape.com)
Traditional approach to CMV reactivation post allo-HSCT was a pre-emptive treatment with antivirals in the case of increased viremia. (mdpi.com)

Ganciclovir and immunoglobulin are used in immunocompromised patients with CMV pneumonia. (medscape.com)

Monohydroxymethyl MCPNs bearing ether and thioether functionalities at the purine 6 position have antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in addition to HCMV. (elsevierpure.com)

Cymevene contains the active substance ganciclovir and is available as a powder to be made into a solution for infusion (drip) into a vein. (europa.eu)
When prescribing Cymevene, consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antiviral agents. (europa.eu)

Multiple pharmacologic agents are available, including histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), gastroprokinetic agents, and protective agents. (medscape.com)

These highlights do not include all the information needed to use GANCICLOVIR INJECTION safely and effectively. (nih.gov)
See full prescribing information for GANCICLOVIR INJECTION. (nih.gov)
Impairment of Fertility: Based on animal data, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION may cause temporary or permanent inhibition of spermatogenesis in males and suppression of fertility in females. (nih.gov)
Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis: Based on animal data, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION has the potential to cause cancer in humans. (nih.gov)
Avoid the use of GANCICLOVIR INJECTION if absolute neutrophil count is less than 500 cells/µL, hemoglobin is less than 8 g/dL, or platelet count is less than 25,000 cells/µL. (nih.gov)
Impairment of fertility: Based on animal studies, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION may cause temporary or permanent female and male infertility. (nih.gov)
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity: Based on animal studies, GANCICLOVIR INJECTION is potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic. (nih.gov)
The method through which IFN- α antiviral drug can be applied is vapour inhalation at a dose of 5 million U (and 2 mL of sterile water for injection) for adults, 2 times /day. (tsijournals.com)
For injection: 500 mg of ganciclovir as lyophilized powder in a vial for reconstitution. (nih.gov)

Ganciclovir is commonly associated with a range of serious haematological adverse effects. (wikipedia.org)

Activity and selectivity are also amplified by the accumulation of ganciclovir-TP in CMV-infected cells. (wikipedia.org)
Peramivir elicits antiviral activity by inhibiting influenza virus neuraminidase, an enzyme that releases viral particles from the plasma membrane of infected cells. (medscape.com)
A series of novel N-substituted indophenazine derivatives were synthesised and screened for antiviral activity against a panel of human pathogenic viruses. (ijpsonline.com)

Medical therapy using topical and/or systemic antimicrobial and/or anti inflammatory agents as well as canulation, irrigation, stenting and/or surgical exploration may be indicated based on the severity of disease, diagnostic findings and response to therapy. (veterinaryophthalmicconsulting.com)

Twenty-one (84%) of 25 ganciclovir recipients had improved hearing or maintained normal hearing between baseline and 6 months versus 10 (59%) of 17 control patients (P=.06). (nih.gov)

Anatomy2

Organisms6

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes6

Valganciclovir5

Cytomegalovirus11

Foscarnet4

Acyclovir10

Works as an antiviral agent2

Ribavirin2

Inhibit6

Intravenous5

Valacyclovir1

Vitro5

Retinitis5

Idoxuridine1

Triphosphate3

Synthesis3

Replication7

Analogs3

Guanine2

Ophthalmic gel2

Herpesviruses1

Clinical7

Drugs9

Toxicity7

Selective2

Infection3

Compounds3

Therapies1

Vaccines2

Antifungal Agents1

Efficacy2

Interferons1

Treatment11

Immunoglobulin1

Varicella1

Cymevene2

Pharmacologic1

INJECTION9

Adverse effects1

Activity3

Topical1

Recipients1