Antithrombins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Hereditary antithrombin deficiency is a disorder of blood clotting. (medlineplus.gov)
In hereditary antithrombin deficiency, abnormal blood clots usually form only in veins, although they may rarely occur in arteries. (medlineplus.gov)
About half of people with hereditary antithrombin deficiency will develop at least one abnormal blood clot during their lifetime. (medlineplus.gov)
Other factors can increase the risk of abnormal blood clots in people with hereditary antithrombin deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
The combination of hereditary antithrombin deficiency and other inherited disorders of blood clotting can also influence risk. (medlineplus.gov)
Women with hereditary antithrombin deficiency are at increased risk of developing an abnormal blood clot during pregnancy or soon after delivery. (medlineplus.gov)
Hereditary antithrombin deficiency is estimated to occur in about 1 in 2,000 to 3,000 individuals. (medlineplus.gov)
Of people who have experienced an abnormal blood clot, about 1 in 20 to 200 have hereditary antithrombin deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
Hereditary antithrombin deficiency is caused by mutations in the SERPINC1 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the mutations that cause hereditary antithrombin deficiency change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in antithrombin, which disrupts its ability to control blood clotting. (medlineplus.gov)
Hereditary and acquired antithrombin deficiency: epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment options. (medlineplus.gov)
Patnaik MM, Moll S. Inherited antithrombin deficiency: a review. (medlineplus.gov)
Congenital antithrombin III deficiency is a genetic disorder that causes the blood to clot more than normal. (medlineplus.gov)
Congenital antithrombin III deficiency is an inherited disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Once a person is diagnosed with antithrombin III deficiency, all close family members should be screened for this disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
In 1965, Olav Egeberg described the first family with thrombotic disease due to inherited antithrombin deficiency, providing convincing evidence of the clinical importance of antithrombin. (medscape.com)
The molecule, a recombinant Antithrombin, has been manufactured by rEVO Biologics and has been useful in treating patients suffering from hereditary antithrombin (AT) deficiency undergoing surgery or giving birth. (openpr.com)
Moreover, patients undergoing heparin therapy and chemotherapy may also suffer from antithrombin deficiency. (openpr.com)
Transient inherited antithrombin deficiency: a real phenomenon? (whiterose.ac.uk)
Using DNA probes in a structural study of the antithrombin III gene locus we found no evidence of gene deletion in two British kindreds with inherited antithrombin III deficiency. (bmj.com)
However, linkage analysis between a common DNA polymorphism and the antithrombin III deficiency trait showed that the defect lies at or close to the antithrombin III structural gene. (bmj.com)
These results are consistent with previously published data suggesting that mutation of the antithrombin III structural gene is the cause of inherited antithrombin III deficiency in some families. (bmj.com)
Antithrombin deficiency is associated with a high risk of thromboembolic disorders. (diapharma.com)
This medicine is used to prevent and treat antithrombin deficiency. (foundhealth.com)
The measurement of antithrombin activity (functional antithrombin level) is a widely used laboratory test in clinical practice, while the antithrombin antigen (immunological antithrombin level) assay, which is used to confirm inherited antithrombin deficiency only, is rarely used. (medscape.com)
Inherited antithrombin deficiency is less common than acquired deficiency. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] The diagnosis of hereditary deficiency requires testing of both antithrombin activity and antithrombin antigen, and repeated testing and family studies may be needed. (medscape.com)
Antithrombin deficiency can increase the risk of recurrent miscarriage. (medscape.com)
Laboratory tests for antithrombin deficiency. (medscape.com)
Because antithrombin inhibits thrombin and factors Xa, IXa, and XIa, deficiency of antithrombin predisposes to venous thrombosis. (msdmanuals.com)
1. Pabinger I, Thaler J . How I treat patients with hereditary antithrombin deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
In patients with antithrombin deficiency, inactivation of thrombin is reduced. (msdmanuals.com)
Since rare patients with antithrombin deficiency express dysfunctional antithrombin proteins, activity assays are favored over antigen assays for the diagnosis of antithrombin deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
Antithrombin Deficiency is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. (ilbcdi.org)
THROMBATE III ® (antithrombin III [human]) is indicated in patients with hereditary antithrombin deficiency for treatment and prevention of thromboembolism and for prevention of perioperative and peripartum thromboembolism. (thrombate.com)
Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy and patients with hereditary antithrombin deficiency. (thrombate.com)
7. Kottke-Marchant K, Duncan A. Antithrombin deficiency: issues in laboratory diagnosis. (thrombate.com)
8. Mitton BA, Steineck A. Antithrombin deficiency. (thrombate.com)
10. Pabinger I, Schneider B. Thrombotic risk in hereditary antithrombin III protein C, or protein S deficiency. (thrombate.com)
Clinical applications include management of patients with hereditary antithrombin III (AT-III) deficiency. (hemonc.org)
Thus, although the antithrombin III deficiency in fulminant hepatic failure can be corrected by supplementation with antithrombin III concentrate, its use in the prevention of intravascular coagulation and to avoid microvessel plugging needs to be studied at an earlier stage in the disease. (uea.ac.uk)
The authors report a case of intrahepatic portal vein thrombosis in a sixty-four-year-old Japanese man with antithrombin III deficiency who successfully underwent cholecystec tomy and common bile duct exploration. (elsevierpure.com)
To their knowledge, this is the first report of portal vein thrombosis due to primary antithrombin III deficiency. (elsevierpure.com)

Type I, which is quantitative, results from heterozygous point mutations or major gene deletions leading to low antithrombin antigen and activity levels. (medscape.com)
Blood was sampled for thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), prothrombin activation fragments 1 + 2 (F(1 + 2)), von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), D-dimer, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at baseline and after 2 h. (nih.gov)

Antithrombin (AT) is a small glycoprotein that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin IV (AT IV) refers to an antithrombin that becomes activated during and shortly after blood coagulation. (wikipedia.org)
Managing the right level of the coagulation protein antithrombin in human body is essential. (openpr.com)
Antithrombin (AT) or Heparin Cofactor I is the major inhibitor of blood coagulation and is essential for effective heparin therapy. (diapharma.com)
Antithrombin is a natural anticoagulant that inhibits the activated coagulation factors thrombin (factor IIa), factor Xa, and, to a lesser extent, factor XIa and factor IXa. (medscape.com)
The antithrombin level does not influence the results of screening coagulation tests such as partial thromboplastin time (PTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time. (medscape.com)
Heparin normally inhibits coagulation by accelerating inactivation of thrombin by antithrombin. (msdmanuals.com)
Antithrombin III is a serum protease inhibitor that inhibits the blood coagulation protease, thrombin, and is an important regulator of hemostasis. (scrippslabs.com)
The purpose of this retrospective case-control study is to determine the effect of continuous antithrombin III (ATIII) infusion on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) coagulation. (umn.edu)
Since antithrombin III supplementation has been shown to be beneficial in animal models of septic shock with disseminated intravascular coagulation, a controlled study was performed to investigate the effect of antithrombin III supplementation in fulminant hepatic failure. (uea.ac.uk)

Brouwer JL, Lijfering WM, Ten Kate MK, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Veeger NJ, van der Meer J. High long-term absolute risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with hereditary deficiencies of protein S, protein C or antithrombin. (medlineplus.gov)
However, the treatment is not yet approved for indications in patients suffering from hereditary antithrombin deficient. (openpr.com)

The normal antithrombin concentration in human blood plasma is high at approximately 0.12 mg/ml, which is equivalent to a molar concentration of 2.3 μM. (wikipedia.org)
A falsely normal antithrombin concentration might be determined in antithrombin-deficient patients treated with thrombin inhibitors, but not with anti-Xa inhibitors. (medscape.com)

A procedure is described for performing a functional assay of serum antithrombin activity. (bmj.com)
The INNOVANCE® Antithrombin Assay is a state-of-the-art reagent for the detection of congenital or acquired antithrombin deficiencies. (siemens-healthineers.com)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Rat Antithrombin (AT) in samples from plasma with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (antibody-tech.com)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Antithrombin (AT) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (antibody-tech.com)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Antithrombin (AT) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (antibody-tech.com)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Antithrombin (AT) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (antibody-tech.com)

Thus, even short periods of abnormal liver function may reduce antithrombin production, leading to potential thrombosis. (medscape.com)
Evidence linking familial thrombosis with a defective antithrombin III gene in two British kindreds. (bmj.com)
Antithrombin is a plasma protein that inhibits thrombin and factors Xa, IXa, and XIa, thereby inhibiting thrombosis. (msdmanuals.com)
Clinical outcomes of antithrombin III-based therapy for patients with portal vein thrombosis: A retrospective, multicenter study. (bvsalud.org)

Its activity is increased manyfold by the anticoagulant drug heparin, which enhances the binding of antithrombin to factor IIa (thrombin) and factor Xa. (wikipedia.org)
Its anticoagulant activity was due to catalysis of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin but not by heparin cofactor II. (nih.gov)
Heparin exerts its anticoagulant effect by activating antithrombin. (msdmanuals.com)
Antithrombin is a naturally occurring anticoagulant that inactivates serine proteases such as thrombin, and clotting factors IXa, Xa, XIa, and XIIa. (ilbcdi.org)

Correcting AT levels using antithrombin concentrate products is recommended for planned major surgery. (medscape.com)

Numerous studies have shown that fibrin-bound thrombin (IIa) is protected from inhibition by antithrombin (AT) + heparin (H) due to the formation of a ternary fibrin.IIa.H complex. (mcmaster.ca)

Recombinant antithrombins with properties similar to those of normal human antithrombin have been produced using baculovirus-infected insect cells and mammalian cell lines grown in cell culture. (wikipedia.org)
These recombinant antithrombins generally have different glycosylation patterns to normal antithrombin and are typically used in antithrombin structural studies. (wikipedia.org)
The recent FDA approval of recombinant antithrombins in major region has increasingly boosted the market. (openpr.com)
Nevertheless, recent advances in clinical studies in evaluating the potential of recombinant antithrombins in prolonging gestation so as to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes have opened up exciting opportunities for market players. (openpr.com)
The substantial growth in these regional markets is attributed to the early adoption of recombinant antithrombins in preventing various clinical conditions caused by the prevention of blood clots. (openpr.com)
However, Asia Pacific is projected to witness a robust demand for recombinant antithrombins. (openpr.com)
In addition, the growing incidence of various cardiovascular diseases is expected to propel the demand for recombinant antithrombins in various countries of Asia Pacific. (openpr.com)

previously referred to as antithrombin III) is a 58-kDa molecule belonging to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily that plays a central role in anticoagulation and regulating appropriate wound healing in mammalian circulation systems. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, ATryn, the recently approved recombinant antithrombin by U.S. FDA, is found to have contraindications in patients who have hypersensitivity to goat milk proteins. (openpr.com)

Antithrombin - neutralization set for ATIII (AT-NU10) is a Neutralization Paired Antibody Set for Neutralizing ATIII - 10 determinations. (quadratech.co.uk)

Antithrombin blocks the activity of proteins that promote blood clotting, especially a protein called thrombin. (medlineplus.gov)
Individuals with this condition do not have enough functional antithrombin to inactivate clotting proteins, which results in the increased risk of developing abnormal blood clots. (medlineplus.gov)

Antithrombin III is a protein in the blood that blocks abnormal blood clots from forming. (medlineplus.gov)
This low level of antithrombin III can cause abnormal blood clots (thrombi) that can block blood flow and damage organs. (medlineplus.gov)

Compared patterns of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S deficiencies. (qxmd.com)
Molecular defects in the antithrombin gene may result in deficiencies or abnormal activity of antithrombin. (ilbcdi.org)

The residual thrombin in the test mixture is inversely proportional to the functional antithrombin concentration in the patient's plasma. (msdmanuals.com)

As deduced from protein and cDNA sequencing, cow, sheep, rabbit and mouse antithrombins are all 433 amino acids in length, which is one amino acid longer than human antithrombin. (wikipedia.org)
Plasma antithrombin is comprised of 432 amino acids, 6 of which are cysteine residues that form 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds. (medscape.com)

α-Antithrombin is the dominant form of antithrombin found in blood plasma and has an oligosaccharide occupying each of its four glycosylation sites. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin II (AT II) refers to a cofactor in plasma, which together with heparin interferes with the interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin III (AT III) refers to a substance in plasma that inactivates thrombin. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin has a half-life in blood plasma of around 3 days. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin has been isolated from the plasma of a large number of species additional to humans. (wikipedia.org)
Antithrombin is a serpin (serine protease inhibitor) and is thus similar in structure to most other plasma protease inhibitors, such as alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 2-antiplasmin and Heparin cofactor II. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment with thrombin inhibitors may lead to overestimation of the antithrombin level in plasma. (medscape.com)
3. Heparin treatment may lower plasma antithrombin. (mghlab.com)
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Antithrombin from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (antibody-tech.com)
Antithrombin plasma levels decrease is associated with preeclampsia worsening. (unimore.it)
Antithrombin plasma levels (AT) have been found decreased in women with preeclampsia (PE), but little is known about the trend of AT during the course of this disease. (unimore.it)

Protease inactivation results as a consequence of trapping the protease in an equimolar complex with antithrombin in which the active site of the protease enzyme is inaccessible to its usual substrate. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of an antithrombin-protease complex involves an interaction between the protease and a specific reactive peptide bond within antithrombin. (wikipedia.org)

This gene provides instructions for producing a protein called antithrombin (previously known as antithrombin III). (medlineplus.gov)
It occurs when a person receives one abnormal copy of the antithrombin III gene from a parent with the disease. (medlineplus.gov)
The abnormal gene leads to a low level of the antithrombin III protein. (medlineplus.gov)

A high concentration of hemoglobin, bilirubin, and triglycerides might affect antithrombin measurement. (medscape.com)

Fass environmental information for Atenativ (antithrombin III, human) from Octapharma (downloaded 2019-09-03). (janusinfo.se)

2017. https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Davis-Lab-and-Diagnostic-Tests/425209/all/Antithrombin. (unboundmedicine.com)

Antithrombin I (AT I) refers to the binding of thrombin to fibrin, after thrombin has activated fibrinogen, at a non-catalytic binding site of thrombin. (wikipedia.org)
The designations Antithrombin I through to Antithrombin IV originate in early studies carried out in the 1950s by Seegers, Johnson and Fell.Antithrombin I (AT I) refers to the absorption of thrombin onto fibrin after thrombin has activated fibrinogen. (abebio.cn)

Already the discovery of the first families presenting a defect in antithrombin (AT) led to the description of the genetic causes of this defect. (intechopen.com)

Paul Morawitz at the University of Tubingen first coined the term antithrombin in 1905 to describe plasma's ability to neutralize thrombin activity. (medscape.com)
Standardisation of a simple method for the determination of antithrombin activity. (bmj.com)
The ready-to-use reagent offers improved onboard stability and, due to its Xa-based activity, shows excellent sensitivity to detect antithrombin mutations. (siemens-healthineers.com)
Antithrombin activity is measured by synthetic chromogenic activity in the presence of excess heparin levels. (medscape.com)
Antithrombin III activity increased from 0.26 +/- 0.04 SE U/ml to 0.82 +/- 0.07 U/ml at 3 h post infusion (normal range 0.80-1.20 U/ml) and remained greater than 0.80 U/ml throughout the study without any apparent increase in the frequency of bleeding. (uea.ac.uk)

Antithrombin is glycoprotein (molecular weight, 58 kDa) that is synthesized in the liver. (medscape.com)

The physiological target proteases of antithrombin are those of the contact activation pathway (formerly known as the intrinsic pathway), namely the activated forms of Factor X (Xa), Factor IX (IXa), Factor XI (XIa), Factor XII (XIIa) and, to a greater extent, Factor II (thrombin) (IIa), and also the activated form of Factor VII (VIIa) from the tissue factor pathway (formerly known as the extrinsic pathway). (wikipedia.org)

Antithrombin levels are dependent on the patient's age and other associated conditions. (ilbcdi.org)

All these sites are occupied by covalently attached oligosaccharide side-chains in the predominant form of human antithrombin, α-antithrombin, resulting in a molecular weight for this form of antithrombin of 58,200. (wikipedia.org)
Vallerand AHA, Sanoski CAC, Quiring CC. Antithrombin (human). (unboundmedicine.com)
Scripps Laboratories is a world-leading producer and supplier of purified human Antithrombin III. (scrippslabs.com)
For monitoring of recombinant human antithrombin III during cell culture processes and subsequent purification steps a rapid method for quantitative determination was developed. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Büntemeyer H, Tebbe H, Lütkemeyer D, Lehmann J. Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of recombinant human antithrombin III during production and purification. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of recombinant human antithrombin III during production and purification", Journal of Chromatography, B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications , vol. 662, 1994, pp. 209-216. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Efficient single step chromatographic purification of recombinant human antithrombin (rhAT) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (uni-bielefeld.de)

The protein molecules have also gained importance to boost the levels of Antithrombin in patients. (openpr.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the outcome in patients with PVT who received antithrombin III-based therapy . (bvsalud.org)
viscosity, reduced red cell deformability, The main objectives of this study were abnormal red cell adhesive properties, en- to assess platelet aggregation patterns and dothelial intimal proliferation, bone marrow levels of PC, PS and AT III in SCA patients or fat embolism and a chronic hypercoagula- in the steady state and in vaso-occlusive ble state [6]. (who.int)

The health care provider can also order a blood test to check if you have a low level of antithrombin III. (medlineplus.gov)
Antithrombin III (AT III) is a protein that helps control blood clotting. (medlineplus.gov)
Engineered recombinant antithrombin has gained clinical significant in recent years for the prevention of various peri-partum and peri-operative thromboembolic events or blood clots. (openpr.com)

The growing prevalence of this disease, both among men and women, is a key factor propelling the demand for antithrombin drugs and therapies. (openpr.com)
Inhibition of Factor Xa by antithrombin was not catalyzed by the polysaccharide. (nih.gov)
11. Ranucci M. Antithrombin III: key factor in extracorporeal circulation. (thrombate.com)

Antithrombotic drugs help in the prevention or inhibition of thrombus by mimicking the role of antithrombin, a protein molecule produced in our body which helps in clotting. (openpr.com)

As its name implies, antithrombin was first characterized as an inhibitor of thrombin. (medscape.com)

However, the limited efficacy of antithrombin to improve neonatal outcomes is likely to impede the market to an extent. (openpr.com)

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Deficiency43

Antigen2

Coagulation10

Hereditary2

Normal antithrombin concentration2

Assay6

Thrombosis4

Anticoagulant4

Levels using antith1

Inhibition by antithrombin1

Recombinant antithrombins7

Anticoagulation1

ATryn1

ATIII1

Proteins2

Abnormal blood clots2

Deficiencies2

Functional1

Amino acids2

Plasma11

Complex2

Gene3

Concentration1

20191

20171

Fibrinogen2

Genetic1

Activity5

Glycoprotein1

Proteases1

Patient's1

Human7

Patients3

Blood3

Factor3

Molecule1

Inhibitor1

Outcomes1