• Oxidative stress bilirubin malondialdehyde coronary artery disease antioxidant capacity homocysteine. (ajol.info)
  • Another mechanism may be the increase in activities of paraoxonases by dietary antioxidants which can reduce oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • The primary such as hs-CRP, total homocysteine, as well enzymatic defences are intracellular, but as oxidative stress, have been proposed other antioxidant defences are largely ex- as risk factors for the development and tracellular, including antioxidative sub- progression of atherosclerosis and athero- strates such as uric acid and unconjugated thrombotic cardiovascular disease [10-13]. (who.int)
  • The studies demonstrate that D. salina exhibits potent protective effects on UVB radiation-induced corneal oxidative damage in mice, likely due to both the increase of antioxidant enzyme activity and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. (molvis.org)
  • [ 4 ] This possible role of bilirubin in early protection against oxidative injury, coupled with identification of multiple neonatal mechanisms to preserve and potentiate bilirubin production, has led to speculation about an as-yet-unrecognized beneficial role for bilirubin in the human neonate. (medscape.com)
  • Oxidative stress (OxS) constitutes a disturbance caused by an imbalance between the generation of free radicals and antioxidant system, which causes damage to biomolecules. (psychosocialsomatic.com)
  • Oxidative stress is referred as a pro-oxidative circumstance, occurring at the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, which has been implicated in governing normal physiological activities and pathological processes. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Oxidative stress arises while the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload the neutralizing capacity of intrinsic antioxidants and antioxidative defenses. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Bilirubin is an endogenous antioxidant that protects cells against oxidative stress. (e-epih.org)
  • We hypothesized that bilirubin, an effective endogenous antioxidant, may attenuate the reduction in LVEF that sometimes occurs after receipt of A-bC. (stanford.edu)
  • Therefore, it is very important to know the functioning of those endogenous (and exogenous) antioxidants systems to prevent such diseases. (psychosocialsomatic.com)
  • To understand the role of the transcription factor Nrf2 in regulating the processes of antioxidant defense, it must also know the role of many of the endogenous antioxidants that occur because of its activation. (psychosocialsomatic.com)
  • Thus, these ROS being unstable, seek its stabilization capturing electrons from other biomo‐ lecules, altering its function, and therefore, strategies have been developed to maintain low concentrations of these ROS, thanks to the activity of endogenous antioxidant agents that may be of a protein or nonprotein nature. (psychosocialsomatic.com)
  • Ubiquinol (reduced form coenzyme Q 10 ) serves as an endogenous antioxidant which increases the concentration of CoQ 10 in the diseased gingiva and effectively suppresses advanced periodontal inflammation. (ijp-online.com)
  • Serum MDA and total homocysteine concentration were significantly higher, but TAC, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels were lower in CAD patients when compared to the controls. (ajol.info)
  • Whole blood was taken via puncture of the cubical vein and serum protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin concentrations were determined using Synchron CX 5 autoanalyzer. (scialert.net)
  • The production of biliverdin from heme is the first major step in the catabolic pathway, after which the enzyme biliverdin reductase performs the second step, producing bilirubin from biliverdin. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Biliverdin is then rapidly converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase ( Figure 1 ) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Age, and sex-adjusted plasma MDA levels had negative correlations with TAC (r = -0.30, p = 0.001) and total bilirubin (r = -0.30, p = 0.002) concentrations. (ajol.info)
  • Multiple differences were found, specifically in blood concentrations of antioxidants and amino acids, as well as in microbiota composition. (hindawi.com)
  • The aim of this study was to examine serum antioxidant concentrations in periodontal health/disease. (positivehealth.com)
  • Serum concentrations of vitamin C, bilirubin, and total antioxidants were inversely associated with periodontitis, the association being stronger in severe disease. (positivehealth.com)
  • Higher serum antioxidant concentrations were associated with lower odds ratios for severe periodontitis of 0.53 for vitamin C, 0.65 for bilirubin, and 0.63 for total antioxidants. (positivehealth.com)
  • Increased serum antioxidant concentrations are associated with a reduced relative risk of periodontitis even in never-smokers. (positivehealth.com)
  • Chapple IL, Milward MR, Dietrich T. The prevalence of inflammatory periodontitis is negatively associated with serum antioxidant concentrations. (positivehealth.com)
  • Low tal with chest pain and underwent coronary serum bilirubin concentrations have been angiography. (who.int)
  • By non-antioxidant mechanisms still undefined, polyphenols may affect mechanisms of cardiovascular disease or cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The causal association of bilirubin with cardiovascular disease: Are there still any questions? (e-epih.org)
  • bilirubin, the predominant bile pigment in The purpose of this study was to examine the intravascular compartment. (who.int)
  • The Special Issue will continue to focus on the most up-to-date knowledge concerning the pharmacology and clinical applications of the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) that plays a critical role in the catabolism of heme to the bile pigment bilirubin, generating carbon monoxide (CO) and releasing iron, which is sequestered by ferritin. (mdpi.com)
  • Bilirubin is a type of bile pigment and is the main pigment in human bile. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Bilirubin may act as an antioxidant that suppresses lipid oxidation. (ajol.info)
  • Increased serum MDA concentration, as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation, low serum bilirubin and antioxidant capacity were observed in patients with angiographically defined CAD. (ajol.info)
  • Polygonum multiflorum is said to contain Vitamin X. Pharmacology studies show that an extract improves the cardiovascular system, enhances immune functions, slows degeneration of glands, increases antioxidant activity, and reduces the accumulation of lipid peroxidation. (selfgrowth.com)
  • Processed Polygonum multiflorum affects the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), accumulation of lipid peroxidase, and enhances cellular immunity, while unprocessed herb is much less effective. (selfgrowth.com)
  • In vivo antioxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were also monitored. (ijp-online.com)
  • Most food compounds listed as antioxidants - such as polyphenols common in colorful, edible plants - have antioxidant activity only in vitro, as their fate in vivo is to be rapidly metabolized and excreted, and the in vivo properties of their metabolites remain poorly understood. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the following discussion, the term "antioxidant" refers mainly to non-nutrient compounds in foods, such as polyphenols, which have antioxidant capacity in vitro and so provide an artificial index of antioxidant strength - the ORAC measurement. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the contrary, research indicates that although polyphenols are antioxidants in vitro, antioxidant effects in vivo are probably negligible or absent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Supplementation of human plasma with different antioxidants (albumin, urate, ascorbate, bilirubin, \alpha ‐tocopherol and ubiquinol‐10) in vitro decreased its oxidizability. (iospress.com)
  • Although previous in vitro study established that this extract had strong antioxidant activity, this in vivo study establishes that this extract contains hepatotoxins whose identity may be quite different from those compounds with antioxidant properties. (ijp-online.com)
  • Other in vitro studies have shown bilirubin to have more antioxidant capability than vitamin E, which is commonly assumed to be the most potent antioxidant in the human system. (medscape.com)
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) often oc- to any of the bilirubin forms, including curs in the absence of traditional risk fac- free unconjugated bilirubin, protein-bound tors. (who.int)
  • After adjusting for age, coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, hematocrit, and the use of cardioactive medications, higher precancer treatment bilirubin levels and lesser total anthracycline doses were associated with LVEF preservation (p = 0.047 and 0.011, respectively). (stanford.edu)
  • Numerous studies have shown that turmeric oil is high in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and blood clotting properties. (friendmods.com)
  • Vitamin C and vitamin E - which are ubiquitous among raw plant foods - are confirmed as dietary antioxidants, whereas vitamin A becomes an antioxidant following metabolism of provitamin A beta-carotene and cryptoxanthin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The increase in antioxidant capacity of blood seen after the consumption of polyphenol-rich (ORAC-rich) foods is not caused directly by the polyphenols, but most likely results from increased uric acid levels derived from metabolism of flavonoids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients with CAD were medications that might affect bilirubin, further divided into groups according to the CRP and homocysteine metabolism. (who.int)
  • Much of the traditional teaching regarding hyperbilirubinemia have been questioned as more is learned about bilirubin metabolism and neurologic injury. (medscape.com)
  • The blood samples from four groups (A, B, C, and D) of albino rats with each group containing four per group were analyzed for Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin secretions which are two early indicators of liver injury. (indjst.org)
  • Change in liver function, assessed by total bilirubin (TB), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)[Baseline (before supplementation), after 6 weeks of supplementation. (who.int)
  • [ 11 ] Reduced gastrointestinal motility and increased bilirubin absorption and uptake are thought to be the mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • 1-3 Diagnosis of GS generally requires a plasma bilirubin of 20 µM or above-alternatively, 1.2 mg/dL-but this diagnosis is not entirely objective, as non-genetic factors such as fasting status, gastrointestinal motility, enterohepatic bilirubin reabsorption/secretion and degree of light exposure can cause bilirubin levels to vary considerably over time. (bmj.com)
  • Explore the latest questions and answers in Antioxidant Enzymes, and find Antioxidant Enzymes experts. (researchgate.net)
  • Haemoglobin is a serious problem during purification and analysis of antioxidant enzymes from red blood cells. (researchgate.net)
  • The effects of gender and alcohol consumption on serum enzymes, protein and bilirubin in heavy, moderate and non-drinkers were investigated. (scialert.net)
  • A significant increase in the activity of liver enzymes, bilirubin and G-glutamyl transferase and gross and histopathological changes were determined. (ijp-online.com)
  • Natural antioxidant defences have gated, albumin-bound form [7-9]. (who.int)
  • in this situation, factors influencing permeability of the blood-brain barrier (eg, acidosis, infection) and the amount of unbound (versus albumin-bound) bilirubin may play a role. (medscape.com)
  • suggests that bilirubin is a potent physiolog- ical antioxidant that may provide important protection against atherosclerosis, CAD and inflammation. (who.int)
  • Other than for dietary antioxidant vitamins - vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E - no food compounds have been proved to be antioxidants in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Supplementation of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidaemic rabbits with different antioxidants (vitamin E, ubiquinone‐10, probucol, carvedilol) in vivo lowered the oxidizability of rabbit plasma in comparison with rabbits fed standard diet. (iospress.com)
  • The results of the in-vivo studies showed that P. grisea had no significant effect on the AST and bilirubin secretions at 125mg/kg after 3 weeks of the administration. (indjst.org)
  • How can I measure Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (VCEAC) per g of sample? (researchgate.net)
  • Accordingly, regulatory agencies like the Food and Drug Administration of the United States and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have published guidance disallowing food product labels to claim an inferred antioxidant benefit when no such physiological evidence exists. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite the above discussion implying that ORAC-rich foods with polyphenols may provide antioxidant benefits when in the diet, there remains no physiological evidence that any polyphenols have such actions or that ORAC has any relevance in the human body. (wikipedia.org)
  • X-tile software was used to identify optimal cutoff values for separating training cohort patients into higher and lower overall survival (OS) groups, based on total bilirubin (TBIL) and albumin levels. (oncotarget.com)
  • Plasma MDA, serum bilirubin, total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were measured. (ajol.info)
  • In patients treated with anthracyclines who subsequently develop symptoms associated with heart failure, pre-anthracycline treatment serum bilirubin levels inversely correlate with subsequent deterioration in post-cancer treatment LVEF. (stanford.edu)
  • The plasma oxidizability also correlated positively with plasma oxidizable fatty acid and negatively with plasma antioxidant content. (iospress.com)
  • The significant inverse correlation of the serum bilirubin and MDA levels demands further in-depth investigations to clarify the association between them in the development of CAD. (ajol.info)
  • CHAPPLE and co-workers, Periodontal Research Group, University of Birmingham, School of Dentistry, St. Chads Queensway, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK, [email protected] , have found that inflammation of the gum is correlated with low antioxidant levels in the blood. (positivehealth.com)
  • Relation of Pre-anthracycline Serum Bilirubin Levels to Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction After Chemotherapy. (stanford.edu)
  • In conclusion, these results suggest that increased levels of circulating serum total bilirubin, an intrinsic antioxidant, may facilitate preservation of LVEF in patients receiving A-bC for cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • Serum protein, albumin and bilirubin levels were significantly different in both male and female heavy and moderate drinkers. (scialert.net)
  • Serum protein, albumin and bilirubin levels were impaired by alcohol consumption in both males and females and may provide additional information in the diagnosis and management of alcoholism. (scialert.net)
  • Gilbert syndrome (GS) is characterised by a lifelong genetically determined elevation of plasma unconjugated bilirubin levels. (bmj.com)
  • In any case, the key point to recognise is that tissues of properly diagnosed subjects with GS are exposed to quite significantly elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels over the course of their lives. (bmj.com)
  • Decreases in serum bilirubin and albumin levels are associated with poorer prognoses in some types of cancer. (oncotarget.com)
  • Here, we examined the predictive value of serum bilirubin and albumin levels in 778 gastric cancer patients from a single hospital in China who were divided among prospective training and retrospective validation cohorts. (oncotarget.com)
  • The serum bilirubin and transaminase levels of the subjects were divided into quartiles, and their relationships with MS and its components were analyzed. (researchsquare.com)
  • A 2011 study has shown that neonates with nucleotide 211GA or AA variation in UGT1A1 genotypes had higher peak serum bilirubin levels than those with GG. (medscape.com)
  • Bilirubin is excreted in bile and urine, and elevated levels may indicate certain diseases. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Increased plasma levels of bilirubin have been associated with a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in previous studies. (e-epih.org)
  • Therefore, we applied two-sample Mendelian randomization to evaluate the causal association between bilirubin levels and IHD risk in a Korean population. (e-epih.org)
  • A total of 5 genetic variants-TRPM8 (rs10490012), USP40 (rs12993249), ATG16L1 (rs2119503), SLCO1B1 (rs4149014), and SLCO1B3 (rs73233620)-were selected as genetic instruments for serum bilirubin levels using a communitybased cohort, the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, comprising 33,598 subjects. (e-epih.org)
  • However, we found no significant association between serum bilirubin levels and IHD. (e-epih.org)
  • Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, we found no association between serum bilirubin levels and IHD. (e-epih.org)
  • Bilirubin has a variety of pharmacological effects and is the main raw material for the manufacture of artificial bilirubin. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Anti Wrinkle Antioxidant eye treatment serum / Sérum antioxydant de traitement des yeux / Oogzôneserum is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock. (careforskin.eu)
  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) or HSP32 is the inducible isoform of heme oxygenase which catalyzes the NADPH, O2 and cytochrome P450 reductase dependent oxidation of heme to carbon monoxide, iron and billiverdin that is immediately reduced to bilirubin. (ihcworld.com)
  • As you may already know, antioxidants are important due to their ability to inhibit the oxidation of other molecules, which could eventually lead to cell damage. (natural.news)
  • Bilirubin is the main metabolite of iron porphyrin compounds in the body, which is toxic and can cause irreversible damage to the brain and nervous system, but also functions as an antioxidant and can inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and phospholipids. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Antioxidant protects membrane phospholipids from oxidation by hydrogen peroxide radicals. (sincerechemical.com)
  • Vitamin C and total antioxidants remained protective in never-smokers. (positivehealth.com)
  • In the subpopulation of never-smokers, the protective effect was more pronounced: 0.38 for vitamin C and 0.55 for total antioxidants. (positivehealth.com)
  • Antioxidants including vitamin C offer significant protection against periodontitis. (positivehealth.com)
  • Certain tropical fruits are known to be excellent sources of natural antioxidants, mainly because they have a high content of carotenoid, polyphenol, and vitamin C. Carotenoids in particular, such as lycopene, are highly sought after. (natural.news)
  • Nonetheless, whether those associations reflect a true protective effect of bilirubin on IHD, rather than confounding or reverse causation, remains unknown. (e-epih.org)
  • Bilirubin treatment prevented a deterioration in glucose tolerance and suppressed weight gain. (bmj.com)
  • Several food additives (including ascorbic acid and tocopherol-derived compounds) are used as antioxidants to help guard against deterioration of food. (collagesite.org)
  • Delayed milk production and poor feeding lead to decreased caloric intake, dehydration , and increased enterohepatic circulation, resulting in higher serum bilirubin concentration. (medscape.com)
  • Anyone know what is the best diluent for the quantification of the total antioxidant capacity in serum or plasma? (researchgate.net)
  • I´m looking for the best diluent for total antioxidant capacity in serum or plasma. (researchgate.net)
  • 4 This study enrolled 124 subjects with GS (average plasma unconjugated bilirubin 30.7 µM) and 124 age-matched and gender-matched controls (8.7 µM). (bmj.com)
  • Gunn rats, like humans with GS, are characterised by a genetically determined deficit of hepatic UGT1A1 activity and a lifelong elevation of unconjugated plasma bilirubin. (bmj.com)
  • The discovery of the antioxidant response element (ARE) have led to the conclusion that the battery of genes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is regulated through Nrf2 binding to this consensus binding sequence [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Used in the determination of bilirubin in artificial cowberry, preparation of artificial cowberry, and biochemical research. (sincerechemical.com)
  • I will be thankful if anybody answer my question and send me a clear protocol to measure ABTS Radical scavenging activity of protein samples.I want to measure antioxidant capacity of my samples by ABTS assay. (researchgate.net)
  • Specifically, the 9-cis isomer has demonstrated a higher antioxidant activity due to the higher reactivity of the cis bond compared to trans. (molvis.org)
  • In addition, genetic upregulation of bilirubin production-reflecting upregulation of haem oxygenase activity or increased haem synthesis-also contributes to the elevation of unconjugated bilirubin observed in subjects with GS. (bmj.com)
  • These findings suggest that elevated unconjugated bilirubin-and/or possibly genetic upregulation of haem oxygenase activity-somehow prevents gain of body fat during ageing. (bmj.com)
  • Petroleum ether, chloroform, and alcohol extracts of Mimusops elengi bark were evaluated for antiurolithiatic and antioxidant activity in male albino Wistar rats. (ijp-online.com)
  • Turmeric oil contains antioxidants that fight the activity of bacteria accumulated on the skin, treat acne and help remove fat. (friendmods.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding bilirubin's antioxidant properties and predictive roles is growing. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Free radicals are formed in chain reactions with the contribution of cytochromes, as a result of mitochondrial damage and due to decreased antioxidant defence mechanisms (Sun et al . (scialert.net)
  • Cells have liver function tests and liver ultrasound and 2 antioxidant mechanisms for ensuring a biopsy. (who.int)
  • After adjustment for age, sex, underlying systemic disorders, medications, and laboratory discrepancies, serum total bilirubin still played an independent role for predicting 3-year mortality. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • However, it is unclear whether serum bilirubin would have a prognostic impact on survival of patients with regular peritoneal dialysis. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • However, it is unclear whether serum bilirubin would have a prognostic impact on survival of patients with regular peritoneal dialysis.METHODS AND RESULTS: We used the Taiwan Renal Registry Data System utilizing its 2005-2012 data set. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • When ROS are scavenged by antioxidants, there can be a reduction of collagen degradation. (ijp-online.com)
  • Infra-orbital shadows are due to the accumulation of hemoglobin and its colored degradation products (biliverdin, bilirubin and iron) in the dermis and epidermis. (careforskin.eu)
  • In addition, compared with control mice, bilirubin-treated mice had reductions in total cholesterol and leptin and increases in adiponectin. (bmj.com)
  • Background Some studies have shown that a high level of bilirubin is a protective factor against the metabolic syndrome (MS), while a high level of transaminase is a risk factor for the MS. However, the results are inconsistent, and there are few cohort studies. (researchsquare.com)